O presente estudo se propôs a responder à questão de investigação: como a Modelagem Matemática pode contribuir como um meio do educando ser protagonista da sua aprendizagem, aspirando a sua autonomia? A pesquisa apresenta uma proposta de sequência de tarefas em um ambiente de aprendizagem de Modelagem Matemática, dividida em três partes, que são: o convite para realizar modelagem, uma experiência com a temática água e uma experiência com um tema de livre escolha. O estudo foi desenvolvido durante o segundo semestre de 2016, com uma turma de terceiro ano do Ensino Médio de uma escola municipal de Sapucaia do Sul, no horário regular de aula. Apoiada na teoria da Modelagem Matemática em uma perspectiva Sócio-crítica de Barbosa (2001), elaboração de perguntas em um ambiente de Modelagem Matemática de Sant’Ana e Sant’Ana (2009) e na Pedagogia da Autonomia de Paulo Freire (1996), e utilizando o estudo de caso como metodologia, o presente trabalho evidenciou que os estudantes podem ser ativos na construção dos seus conhecimentos. Além disso, percebeu-se, como resultados, que quando lhes é oportunizado um ambiente de liberdade e consideração, que respeita as suas escolhas, os alunos vão assumindo sua responsabilidade pela sua aprendizagem, construindo, aos poucos, suas preferências, suas opções e sua autonomia. / The present study aims to answer the research question: how can Mathematical Modeling contribute as a way for the learner to be the protagonist of their learning by aspiring to their autonomy? The research presents a task sequence proposal in a mathematical modeling-learning environment, divided into three parts. Such parts are the invitation to perform modeling, an experience with water theme, and an experiment with a theme of free student’s choice. The study was developed during the second semester of 2016, with a third year High School class from a municipal school in Sapucaia do Sul, at regular school hours. Based on the theory of Mathematical Modeling in a Socio-critical perspective of Barbosa (2001), elaboration of questions in an environment of Mathematical Modeling of Sant'Ana and Sant'Ana (2009) and in the pedagogy of autonomy of Paulo Freire (1996), and using the case study as a methodology, the present study showed that students can be active in the construction of their knowledge. In addition, it was noticed that, when it is offered an environment of freedom and consideration, respecting their choices, students will assume their responsibility for their learning, gradually building their preferences, their choices and their autonomy.

Os dispositivos médicos desempenham um papel crucial na gestão de doenças crônicas, e são utilizados por diferentes usuários, em configurações variadas de ambientes, para o tratamento de diferentes doenças com diferentes níveis de gravidade. Esta dissertação tem por objetivo contribuir na captação, mensuração e análise da percepção do usuário em relação ao uso do dispositivo médico. Como objetivos secundários, tem-se: (i) analisar na literatura abordagens e técnicas de avaliação da usabilidade de dispositivos médicos sob a perspectiva do usuário; (ii) desenvolver e ilustrar, através de um estudo de caso com pacientes de hemodiálise, uma metodologia para avaliação da usabilidade de dispositivos médicos; e (iii) apresentar um procedimento de análise para avaliar a usabilidade de dispositivos médicos na perspectiva do paciente de hemodiálise, identificando quais características do contexto de uso podem afetar esta avaliação. Para atingir os objetivos de pesquisa, a dissertação é composta por três artigos que contemplam cada um dos objetivos mencionados anteriormente. No primeiro artigo foram avaliados 42 estudos, na qual cinco abordagens foram mais comumente utilizadas: entrevista, testes de usabilidade, percurso cognitivo, observação e questionário. Para o segundo e terceiro artigos, um estudo de caso com pacientes de hemodiálise foi conduzido. Questionários estruturados foram aplicados para pacientes em ambientes reais de uso, contendo questões a cerca da percepção de uso (máquina, procedimento e ambiente). No segundo artigo uma metodologia para avaliação centrada no usuário de dispositivos médicos foi proposta. Um fluxo detalhado foi gerado, composto por três etapas: planejamento, estudo de campo e análise dos dados, desdobrados em nove subetapas. No terceiro artigo, duas técnicas estatísticas, a Análise de Variância Multivariada (MANOVA) e Análise Fatorial Exploratória (AFE), foram empregadas para investigar a existência de diferenças nos níveis de satisfação do usuário com os aspectos de uso, além da extração de um menor número de fatores para explicar a satisfação geral do usuário. / Medical devices play a crucial role in chronic disease management, and are used by different users in different environments settings for the treatment of different diseases with different levels of severity. This dissertation aims at contributing to the capture, user perception of measurement and analysis regarding the use of the medical device. As secondary objectives, we have: (i) review the literature approaches and techniques for assessing the usability of medical devices in the user's perspective; (Ii) develop and illustrate through a case study of hemodialysis patients, a methodology for evaluating the usability of medical devices; and (iii) present an analysis procedure to evaluate the usability of medical devices in the hemodialysis patient's perspective, identifying context of use characteristics may affect this assessment. To achieve the research objectives, the dissertation consists of three articles that address each of the objectives mentioned above. In the first article were evaluated 42 studies in which five approaches have been most commonly used: interview, usability testing, cognitive route, observation and questionnaire. For the second and third articles, a case study of hemodialysis patients was conducted. Structured questionnaires were administered to patients in actual use environments, with questions about the perception of use (machine, process and environment). In the second article a methodology to assess user-centric medical device has been proposed. A detailed flow was generated, consisting of three stages: planning, field of study and analysis of the data, broken down into nine sub-steps. In the third article, two technical statistics, Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) were employed to investigate the existence of differences in user satisfaction levels with aspects of use, and the extraction of a minor number of factors to explain the overall user satisfaction.

abstract: Academic transitions are a necessary and important part of an ASD student's life. Parental involvement and perspective is a vital part of each transition planning process. The primary goal of this research is to identify trends in parent perspectives regarding ASD academic transitions through meta-synthesis of current research. The research also seeks to identify shifts in parent perceptions of the importance of specific transitional program elements during different academic transitional periods. Results indicate a clear trend within each academic transition category as well as trends throughout the transition periods. The main trend in parental perspective throughout the transitions is the de-structuration of the transition planning process and increased personalization with the advancement of each academic transition. Possible uses of research results to ease the transition planning process for parents are summarized and discussed. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.A. Special Education 2012

nÃo hà / Um dos assuntos mais controversos na morfologia à indubitavelmente a chamada derivaÃÃo regressiva, cuja descriÃÃo difere de outras formaÃÃes derivadas , se considerarmos as perspectivas sob as quais os autores encaram o processo. Esta à a razÃo por que decidimos dar nossa contribuiÃÃo: organizar, de um modo critico, uma sÃntese sobre este problemÃtico assunto. A fim de apresentar uma exposiÃÃo clara sobre o tema, dividimos os autores em dois grandes grupos. Um deles à composto de filÃlogos e gramÃticos tradicionais, tais como FerrÃo de Oliveira, Maciel, Vasconcelos, Melo. Aqui discutimos a contribuiÃÃo de MÃrio Barreto, baseada na relaÃÃo entre nome de aÃÃo e verbos. Outro grupo à formado por lingÃistas. Dois grupos derivados sÃo aqui identificados, de acordo com a orientaÃÃo teÃrica bÃsica: a) um grupo caracterizado por autores que adotam a perspectiva estruturalista: Camara Jr., Sandmann, por exemplo; b) outro grupo formado por autores que tÃm em comum a abordagem gerativa, mesmo a despeito das grandes discordÃncias concernentes a detalhes: Basilio, Gamarski e Lobato. Adicionalmente, referimo-nos à teoria de Basilio e a de Gamarski sobre os denominais regressivos. Toda esta revisÃo pressupÃe as seguintes questÃes: a) à possivel descrever a derivaÃÃo regressiva sobre parÃmetros sincrÃnicos? b) a derivaÃÃo regressiva à analisÃvel dentro dos limites da morfologia? c) hà diferenÃa entre derivaÃÃo regressiva e outros processos como a prefixaÃÃo e a sufixaÃÃo? d) hà nomes regressivos derivados de nomes?

Esta dissertação investiga, por meio de uma leitura imanente da filosofia de Nietzsche, a relação problemática entre perspectivismo e relativismo em sua obra. Inscrito na efetividade, concebida como vontades de potência que se exercem de modo perspectivístico e interpretante, o perspectivismo propõe a ideia de que não existem fatos, mas apenas interpretações perspectivísticas. Cumpre então perguntar se tal perspectivismo incorreria num relativismo radical, segundo o qual todas as interpretações seriam equivalentes. Procuraremos mostrar que não é possível responder a esse problema de modo unilateral, com um simples e taxativo sim ou não. Por um lado, o exame de seus escritos indica que Nietzsche não pretenderia assumir a posição de um relativista radical na medida em que hierarquiza as interpretações e reivindica a superioridade de sua própria interpretação de mundo. Mais do que isso, sua filosofia aponta até mesmo para a inviabilização daquele relativismo: ao associar os conceitos de perspectiva e interpretação ao de valor, indica que toda perspectiva e toda interpretação avaliam e hierarquizam, de modo que inexistiriam perspectivas e interpretações que efetivamente considerassem as demais como dotadas de mesmo valor. Por outro lado, se admitida a concepção de uma efetividade perspectivística e interpretativa, então todo e qualquer critério estabelecido para hierarquizar as interpretações teria de ser relativo a uma perspectiva e a uma interpretação determinadas, não consistindo num critério incondicionado e objetivo. Assim, uma vez considerada a relatividade de todo critério, ressurge o problema do relativismo. / This dissertation researches, through an immanent reading of Nietzsches philosophy, the problematic relationship between perspectivism and relativism in his work. Intrinsic in the reality, conceived as wills to power that express themselves in a perspectivist and interpretive way, the perspectivism argues that there are no facts, but only perspectivist interpretations. So it is necessary to ask whether such a perspectivism incur a radical relativism, according to which all interpretations would be equivalent. We shall try to show that it is not possible to answer this problem unilaterally, with a simple yes or no. On the one hand, the examination of his writings indicates that Nietzsche would not intend to take the position of a radical relativist, for he ranks the interpretations and claims the superiority of his own interpretation of the world. More than that, his philosophy would point to the impossibility of that relativism: since Nietzsche associates the concepts of perspective and interpretation with the concept of value, he indicates that every perspective and every interpretation evaluate and rank, so that there would not be perspectives and interpretations that effectively could consider the others as equivalent. On the other hand, if we accept the conception of a perspectivist and interpretive reality, so any criterion fixed in order to rank the interpretations would depend on a certain perspective and interpretation, and thus it would not be an unconditional and objective one. Hence, since we consider that any criterion is relative, the problem concerning relativism resurfaces.

Orientador: Luci Banks-Leite / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T01:36:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Faria_ThaisBrandoBalazsdaCosta_M.pdf: 1468563 bytes, checksum: 2c28435c3f6433bc1a73d072aa311324 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Lev Vigotski, pensador bielo-russo, produziu seus textos na primeira metade do séc. XX. Interessado nas mais variadas disciplinas, dentre elas a psicologia, buscou superar a dicotomia individual/social, afirmando a constituição social do sujeito. Em outras palavras, as relações sociais nas quais o sujeito está inserido são constitutivas de seu desenvolvimento. Nós nos desenvolvemos a partir de nossa interação com o meio social no qual vivemos e crescemos e, significamos o mundo ao nosso redor, constituídos pela maneira como o grupo ao qual pertencemos o faz. Entretanto, nossas maneiras de significar, de pensar ou de agir constituem-se de forma dialética nos grupos dos quais fazemos parte. Clifford Geertz, antropólogo estadunidense, produziu grande parte de suas reflexões acerca da antropologia na segunda metade do séc. XX. Preocupado com os rumos para onde se direcionava esta disciplina, realizou uma meta-antropologia, questionando o papel do antropólogo enquanto autor das etnografias e também o papel do sujeito-informante. Juntamente com seus questionamentos epistemológicos, Geertz definiu um novo conceito de cultura, mais compatível com a antropologia que realiza após o giro antropológico. Suas preocupações meta-antropológicas impactam fortemente suas etnografias, motivo pelo qual não é possível compreender umas sem as outras. Finalmente, defende que para apreendermos qualquer relação social ou significado atribuído por determinado grupo, devemos realizar um estudo etnográfico que busque como resultado a descrição densa, pois somente a partir dela somos capazes de compreender as teias de significados nas quais os sujeitos estão imersos. Apesar do momento histórico distinto, das diferentes disciplinas e do objeto diverso, ambos os autores buscam compreender a importância e o papel da cultura na constituição do sujeito e na sua forma de tecer e ler as teias de significados nas quais está imerso / Abstract: Lev Vigotski, the Soviet Belarusian thinker, penned his texts in the first half of the 20th century. Interested in various disciplines, among which psychology, he sought to overcome the individual/social dichotomy, affirming the social constitution of the subject. In other words, social relationships in which subjects are inserted are constitutive of their development. We develop based on our interaction with the social environment in which we live and grow, and we give meaning to the world around us, according to the way the group we belong to does. However, our ways of signifying, thinking or acting are constituted in a dialectic way in the groups of which we are part. Clifford Geertz, in turn, an American anthropologist, produced much of his reflections on anthropology in the second half of the 20th century. Concerned with the directions in which the discipline was headed, he delved into meta-anthropology, questioning the role of the anthropologist as author of ethnographies and also as subject-informant. Along with its epistemological questions, Geertz defined a new concept of culture, which is more compatible with the kind of anthropology he engages in after the anthropological turn. His meta-anthropological concerns heavily impact his ethnographies, reason why one cannot understand one without recourse to the others. Finally, he argues that to apprehend any social relationship or meaning assigned by a particular group, we must conduct ethnographic studies whose goal is to attain thick description, because only a description of such kind is able to provide an understanding of the web of meanings in which the subjects are immersed. Despite the distinct historical moment, the different disciplines and objects of study, both authors seek to understand the importance and the role of culture in the constitution of the subject and his way of weaving and reading the web of meanings in which it is immersed / Mestrado / Psicologia Educacional / Mestra em Multiunidades em Ensino de Ciências e Matemática

This thesis centres on a narrative inquiry of the life stories of teachers in Post Compulsory Education with the aim of exploring how the ‘self’ is constructed within discursive environments. The study adopts a dialogical approach to narrative identity formation as an ongoing process of becoming within the life course. Grounded in social construction theory (Gergen 2009), the study acknowledges that identity is fluid and determined by context; self-creation is therefore both a collective and individual endeavour situated within the social and cultural context. The research design centres on an in-depth study of four teachers in the exploration of the meanings constructed from autobiographical memories; in addition, the study explores how narrative meanings are mediated within the organisational and political context of being a teacher. The study adopts a psychosocial perspective (McAdams 2006) to life stories and the analysis of narrative construction is conducted through the lens of dialogical self theory with the aim of exploring the multivoiced nature of the self based on a diversity of self-positions (Hermans 2001). Narrative identities are therefore viewed as relational, individuals position themselves within the stories they tell in relation to a particular audience; individuals are also positioned by the social and cultural environment in which they are embedded. The study contributes to current knowledge in relation to the crucial role emotions play in the dialogical construction of the self; findings indicate that early emotionally charged autobiographical memories play a significant role in defining individuals’ moral educational values within their teaching role. Emotions were also central to placing individuals in a field of tension in reconciling their personal values within the current organisational and political environment that imposes constraints on teachers’ professional practice. The study concludes that in order to sustain the moral purpose of teachers’ professional practice, there is a need for the dialogical renewal of the self through transformative discourse.

The principle objective of this dissertation is to study the living conditions of prison inmates from a resource perspective. The empirical section builds on a level-of-living survey of prison inmates in Sweden. A representative sample of inmates (n=411) were interviewed about their living conditions, with the focus placed primarily on their situation prior to imprisonment. Most of the questions are taken from the national level-of-living surveys of the general population, thus allowing for comparisons with the living conditions of the population at large. The findings are organised into three main areas: childhood, living conditions and recidivism. They reveal large differences by comparison with the rest of the population regarding the areas examined in the level-of-living surveys, i.e. childhood conditions, education, employment, financial situation, housing, health, social relations, political resources and criminal victimisation. These differences are particularly marked when different resource deficiencies/welfare problems are viewed in combination. Low levels of participation in and poor links to the labour market, as well as various welfare problems, mean that as a group the inmates can be described as marginalised and/or socially excluded. Their situation is further affected by aspects of their living conditions not included in the level-of-living surveys of the general population, such as the abuse of alcohol and/or drugs, being sentenced to prison and recidivism. When particular groups of prison inmates are examined separately, the situation of female inmates appears to be particularly problematic. They are more likely to be substance abusers, and have accumulated a larger number of resource deficiencies. Between an individual’s debut in crime and recidivism leading to a new prison or probationary sentence, a selection process takes place on several levels. As a group, inmates differ from the general population inter alia in their experience of worse childhood and living conditions. Further, those inmates who re-offend tend to live under worse conditions than those who desist from crime. This process is interpreted from a perspective which regards an individual’s access to resources as having a vital impact on their chances in life. The conditioning influence of society at large has a profound effect on the level of opportunities available to an individual. The final section of the dissertation therefore focuses on the link between structural factors and a lack of resources at the individual level. Economic trends in Sweden during the 1990s have made this a factor of highly topical interest; already vulnerable groups were hit much harder than others by the economic crisis and rising unemployment. Against the background of this trend and an increasing individualisation in the way social problems are viewed, the distance between prison inmates and the remainder of the population is deemed likely to have increased. This conjecture is given support by the few indicators available.

The current trend in business is that the more rapidly customers are able to receive the services they require; the better the organisation can perform. However, customers’ needs are becoming progressively more complex due to the increased number of communication channels and ubiquitous business information. Serving today’s informed customers with traditional business methods have proven to be too difficult for organisations that are too rigid to change. Determining how to support business stakeholders effectively and efficiently, ranging from clients to shareholders can seem daunting; yet it does not have to be. The major objective of this study was to use a balanced scorecard (BSC) to improve an organisation’s financial perspective. A case study of the Tshwane University of Technology (TUT) Polokwane campus in South Africa was used to inform the study. This study was motivated by the fact that, as much as the BSC is widely being used to align organisations’ operations to its mission and objectives, many organisations in the developing world still use traditional financial performance measurement systems. Another motivation for the study resulted from the fact that despite the strategic positioning of the TUT Polokwane campus in Limpopo province, the campus is still failing to attract potential students and high-calibre staff. The study modified the BSC for non-profit organisations (Kaplan & Norton, 2001) to come up with a conceptual framework that suits the TUT Polokwane campus environment. Secondary and primary data were used. Secondary data was obtained by reviewing relevant documentation that contributed to identifying key performance measures. These measures were used to develop the instrument for collecting primary data. Primary data was analysed quantitatively. The results of the study showed that many of the questionnaire items were good. Three of the six hypothesised relationships between the six constructs and the improvement of the financial perspective were fully supported, while the other three were partially supported. Relevant modifications were made to the measuring items and consequently, the BSC. The modified BSC that was a result of this study can be used as a reference framework by universities that wish to implement it within their settings. To the management of the TUT Polokwane campus this study will serve as a standard to set the business operations congruent to the university’s mission and vision. This study recommends that future research should consider using longitudinal surveys since users’ perception and customer needs change as the business environment changes. The study also emphasised the need for continuous review and modification of the resultant BSC that will be introduced at the campus in order to cope with the ever-increasing changes in business and technological developments. / Dissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / gm2014 / Business Management / unrestricted

La thèse l'oeil qui rendroit le plus barbare apris comprend un effort pour analyser les aspects de la rencontre de la poésie, des arts visuels et de la musique de la renaissance française. pour atteindre notre objectif, nous nous servirons de l'histoire et de la philosophie. ainsi notre approche sémiologique et en même temps humaniste apportera un tout nouveau regard sur les premières oeuvres de la modernité en france. notre étude commence par la poésie de pétrarque mais met l'accent sur l'oeuvre de jean lemaire de belges, pierre de ronsard, joachim du bellay, michel-ange (poésie et peinture), etienne jodelle et bien d'autres. quant aux peintres, nous analyserons les tableaux de l'ecole de fontainebleau, jean fouquet et jean clouet. de plus il s'avèrera profitable d'ajouter les images qui se trouvent dans les enluminures de l'époque. cette thèse s'enrichira avec les bâtiments renaissants français et la chanson de l'époque. les traités de peinture, architecture et poésie de cette époque nous aideront à mieux comprendre l'importance et la signification des formes, couleurs et thèmes, et aussi la relation qui existe entre les arts et la poésie de l'époque. a partir de la lecture des traités on peut apercevoir que l'humanisme joue un rôle déterminant dans le développement de la poésie, des arts visuels et même de la musique. /... / To find a definition of a complex concept such as melancholy, we decided to write a history of passions, because they are at the origin of all the excesses of this temperament. After an Antiquity that has promoted stoicism, Augustine proves that passions make us feel closer from God, imitate the existence of Christ and get to know the mercy. Thus, the melancholy is may be the temperament of wise persons, and also, according to Aristotle, the one of the heroes and the artists. For us, the parallelisms between the Vitruvian rhetoric and the elements of Durer’s Melencolia I emphasize the importance to find the order in the chaos of the imagination produced by the excess of black bile, specially among the artists. This representation of the melancholy like a lack of internal harmony belongs to the early years of the 16th century. A few years later, the French hypermanierisme let us understand that the ornament in buildings and paintings tried to fill spiritual emptiness of the period we are studying. Melancholy is the fear of nothingness.