Políticas públicas sobre as mais diversas dimensões socioeconômicas têm sua avaliação tipicamente estruturada acerca de seus retornos efetivos, observáveis após sua instaura ção, e sua implementação conduzida leviana ou ao menos ingenuamente no que diz respeito ao seu potencial de sucesso e aos recursos empreendidos. Um aspecto alternativo de avaliação, por outro lado, consiste na contemplação de políticas quanto ao seu impacto potencial previamente à sua implementação, questionando-se os interesses dos envolvidos em sua aplicação. Ou seja, temos no estudo de trade-off\'s de economia política permeando a sua prática um componente fundamental. Por meio da análise de uma particular reforma de descentralização, procuramos investigar de que modo se configuram as preferências governamentais sobre plataformas políticas e, com isso, o potencial apresentado por mecanismos de escolha pública em promover os resultados pretendidos para os programas. Levando em consideração a associação de cenários de descentralização das responsabilidades políticas a esforços de aprendizado { possivelmente social { por parte dos governos locais, direcionamos tal foco à investigação de quais informações sobre os distintos efeitos da provisão recém-assumida têm sua captação mais valorizada por tais governantes. Resumidamente, apresentamos evidências de que o processo de decisão político é basicamente motivado por questões eleitorais - sobrepondo-se a interesses genuínos e diretos quanto ao bem-estar social - e de que o alinhamento partidário entre governantes pode representar um fator essencial ao pleno exercício de políticas públicas. / Public policies over several economic dimensions are usually subject to an evaluation built on its observable impacts, following their implementation, and are thus associated with a naive conduction with respect to the employed resources. An alternative aspect of evaluation comprehends, on the other hand, the analysis of potential effects of such policies and the interests of the agents responsible for their coordination. In other words, we believe that the study of political economy trade-offs is an essential component for understanding and improving political practice. By analyzing a specific decentralization reform we proceed to the determination of how officials\' preferences over policies are configured and question the potential of public choice mechanisms in promoting the originally intended results. While acknowledging that decentralization programs are typically characterized by the lack of experience of local governments in conducting the decentralized policies and thus by a (possibly social) learning effort with respect to several of the policies\' details, we investigate what kind of information about policy outcomes are mostly valued by the officials involved. In short, we present evidence that the politicians\' decision making proc- ess is fundamentally based on electoral and opportunistic considerations - above ideology issues - and that party cohesion among officials may constitute an essential factor to the appropriate exercise of public policies.

La présente étude a pour objet de confronter et de comparer les modèles français et brésilien pour analyser les différentes caractéristiques-clés de l’externalisation dans les services publics au sens restreint à destination des personnes privées. Son but principal est d’apporter un éclairage sur leurs développements et leurs enjeux. La relation entre l’administration et ses partenaires revêt un caractère stratégique mais constitue une potentielle source de conflits d’intérêts. La performance est envisagée comme un élément de gestion et de contractualisation, qui contraint l’administration à réaliser précisément les mécanismes et les critères de sélection de ses prestataires privés. / The purpose of this study is confront and compare the French and Brazilian models to analyze the different key characteristics of outsourcing in public services in the restricted sense for private individuals. Its main purpose is to shed light on their developments and their issus. The relationship between the administration and its partners is strategic but also a potential source of conflicts of interest. Performance is envisaged as an element of management and contracting, which forces the administration to precisely implement the mechanisms and criteria for the selection of its private providers.

This diploma thehis is focused on the financing of public services in municipalities in the Czech Republic related to demographic changes, which take place in the Czech Republic. As is generally known, population in the Czech Republic ages. But the aging is only one of the factors influencing the demographics. The goal is to assess the impact of demographic changes on municipal expenditures associated mainly with municipal waste management, but also to the overall municipal relationship to the environment. The thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part deals with the public municipal services and demographics in the Czech Republic in time and also deals with the system of financing these services, whether the municipality's own resources, e. g. the property taxes, or other funds from the state budget or from the EU funds. The second, practical part, is formed as a case study including specific data from specific municipality. It contains detailed information about municipality's waste management and about population growth in Karvina city during the specific time period.

Lack of trust in technology, personal preference, and perceived inability to use online services are possible reasons for lagged adaptation to electronic government (e-government) among older adults in the United States. Although e-government policies promote, or require, that many public services be provided electronically, it is unclear whether older adults are able, or willing, to access such services. The purpose of this qualitative, exploratory study was to gain insight from older adults (e.g., "individuals who are 65 years or older") about their ability and willingness to access e-government services in a mid-Atlantic County. The framework for this research was Roger's diffusion of innovation theory. Data were collected via interviews with 21 older adults and then inductively coded and subjected to a thematic analysis procedure. Most participants reported using e-government services in some capacity, while the remaining 10% did not because of vision issues, the overabundance of information, personal dislike of technology, and/or the belief that e-government was not conducive for self-management. However, 28% of the participants who had used e-government preferred face-to-face interactions with people instead of online servicing while also recognizing the benefits of e-government services in terms of convenience. Moreover, participants suggested that e-government usage might improve if explanations of online terminology, examples of services, and instruction on primary online services, such as web services, are offered. The study may contribute to positive social change by providing information that federal, state, and local government officials can use to develop policies for e-government accessibility, types of services, and alternative options for the aging population.

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo explorar o instituto da reversão de bens no direito administrativo, realizando pesquisa teórica e legislativa para comparar o uso do instituto e pensar em suas possibilidades em outras áreas do direito administrativo. Para tanto serão adotados métodos de pesquisa qualitativa, dialética e crítica, de modo a obter uma reflexão sobre os usos e interpretações do instituto pelos mais diversos atores, assim como analisar a possibilidade ou impossibilidade de aplicação em outras áreas do direito administrativo. É necessário verificar se o conceito da reversão de bens está atualizado conforme a complexidade das relações jurídicas aplicáveis aos bens públicos e privados no Direito Administrativo na atualidade, pois assim será possível averiguar se o instituto atende aos princípios dessa área do direito, o que possibilitaria também o abarcamento de outras relações entre o setor público e o privado, especialmente aqueles identificados no \"Domínio Público Impróprio\" e se possível, pensar em uma teoria geral da reversão no direito administrativo. / The present work aims to explore the institute of reversal of assets in administrative law, carrying out theoretical and legislative research to compare the use of the institute and think about its possibilities in other areas of administrative law. For that, methods of qualitative, dialectical and critical research will be adopted, in order to obtain a reflection on the uses and interpretations of the institute by the most diverse actors, as well as to analyze the possibility or impossibility of application in other areas of administrative law. It is necessary to check whether the concept of reversal of assets is updated according to the complexity of the legal relations applicable to public and private assets in Administrative Law at the present time, since this will be possible to verify if the institute complies with the principles of this area of law, the coverage of other relations between the public and the private sector, especially those identified in the \"Inappropriate Public Domain\" and if possible, think of a general theory of reversion in administrative law.

This paper investigates political representation by exploring the relationship between citizens' preferences and the preferences of their elected representatives. Using Swedish survey data, the empirical analysis shows that voters and politicians have significantly different preferences for local welfare services, implying that voters do not elect representatives with the same preferences as their own. The results show that when comparing a politician of a certain age, gender, educational level and marital status, with a voter with identical characteristics, the politician still has preferences for a significantly higher level of spending on the locally provided services. Hence our results indicate that the representation of different socio-economic groups does not necessarily lead to a larger degree of representation of these groups' agendas. Moreover, we find the observed difference to be largest for the least salient expenditure item. We do, however, not find any evidence for differences in preferences between the two groups being associated with a decline in trust for politicians among voters

Diss. Stockholm : Stockholms universitet, 2006.

Poster presentation from the Living the Future 8 Conference, April 23-24, 2012, University of Arizona Libraries, Tucson, AZ. / This poster will describe the process and role of the University of Arizona's Access Services and frontline public service staff in needs assessment and user service evaluation, specifically in understanding the voice of the customer. We will include information on our strategic planning process, resources required, data sources, methodology, analytical tools, and the outcomes of this process. Information in this poster was first presented at the 2010 Access Services Conference and has subsequently been updated for publication.

Šiame darbe nagrinėjama savivaldybių funkcijos, jų grupavimas, savivaldybių biudžetų pajamų ir išlaidų išlyginimo sistema. Analizuojamais klausimais pateikiami statistiniai duomenys. Padarytos išvados ir pateikti pasiūlymai. Baigiamojo darbo temos pasirinkimą nulėmė jos praktinis reikalingumas ir aktualumas. Savivaldybių uždavinys – kuo geriau tenkinti gyventojų materialinius, buitinius, kultūrinius, švietimo ir kitus poreikius. Kiekviena savivaldybė turėtų savo valdomoje ir tvarkomoje teritorijoje gyventojams teikti vienodo lygio, vienodos apimties ir panašios kokybės paslaugas. Aktualu funkcijų pasidalijimas tarp įvairių valdymo lygių ir jų finansavimas. Labai svarbu, perduodant savivaldybėms funkcijas, kartu didinti ir pajamas. Baigiamąjį darbą sudaro 4 dalys, įvadas, išvados ir pasiūlymai, literatūros sąrašas. Pirmoje dalyje išdėstyta savivaldos samprata bei egzistuojantys požiūriai į savivaldybes. Antroje dalyje siekta išaiškinti savivaldybių funkcijas ir jų paskirstymą tarp atskirų valdymo lygių. Išnagrinėta Europos vietos savivaldos chartijos reikšmė savivaldybių finansams. Trečioje dalyje išnagrinėta situacija Lietuvoje nuo jos nepriklausomybės atkūrimo: savivaldybių funkcijų kaita ir skirstymas, svarbiausi teisės aktai, reglamentuojantys savivaldybių funkcijų finansavimą bei pajamų išlyginimą. Išanalizuotos savivaldybių biudžetų pajamos, jų formavimo problemos, o taip pat pateikta valstybinių (perduotų savivaldybėms) funkcijų finansavimo tvarka. Ketvirtoje... [to full text] / This paper analyzes municipal government functions, aggregation, budget revenue and expenditure equalization system. Statistical data pertinent to analyzed issues is presented. Conclusions are drawn and suggestions offered. Principal concepts: public administration, rendering of public services, subsidiarity principal, fiscal decentralization. The subject of the final paper was determined by its practical necessity and relevance. Municipal government tasks – to meet material, daily, cultural, educational and other requirements of the citizens to the best of its ability. Every municipal government in the territory under its control should provide services of equal level and extent and similar quality. Division of functions between various levels of management and its financing is relevant. It is very important to increase revenue when transferring functions to municipal governments. The final paper is made of 4 parts: introduction, conclusions and suggestions, literature used. The first part of the paper states the concept and existing attitudes towards municipal government. The second part strives to ascertain functions of municipal government and their division between different levels of management and studies the importance of European municipal government charter to municipal government financing. In the third part situation in Lithuania since reinstatement of independence has been explored: municipal government function change and distribution, main legislation... [to full text]

Kiekviena įstaiga, siekdama tenkinti kuo aukštesnės kokybės paslaugas, privalo nuolat tirti savo klientų poreikius bei remiantis tyrimo metu gautais duomenis, tobulinti savo teikiamas paslaugas. Tai privalo daryti ne tik privatusis sektorius, tai aktualu ir viešojo sektoriaus įstaigoms. Viena iš viešojo sektoriaus sričių – kultūros įstaigos. Šiauliuose veikia daugybė kultūros įstaigų, tačiau iki šiol nėra tirta šių įstaigų teikiamų paslaugų kokybė. Todėl ši tema tampa aktuali. Šiuo darbu siekiama įvertinti trijų Šiaulių miesto kultūros įstaigų teikiamų paslaugų kokybę (Šiaulių dailės galerijos, Šiaulių miesto kultūros centro „Laiptų galerija“ ir Šiaulių koncertinės įstaigos „Saulė“) akademinio jaunimo požiūrių. Akademinis jaunimas pasirinktas kaip vienas aktyviausių kultūros vartotojų. Darbą sudaro esminės dvi dalys: teorinė ir empirinė. Teorinėje dalyje apibendrinama mokslinėje literatūroje randami paslaugų apibūdinimai, aptariamos savybės, skiriančios paslaugą nuo materialios prekės, pateikiami paslaugų kokybės vertinimo metodai. Taip pat mokslinės literatūros analize siekiama išsiaiškinti viešojo sektoriaus teikiamų paslaugų išskirtinumą bei viešųjų paslaugų kokybės vertinimo ypatumus. Kadangi tiriama kultūros įstaigų teikiamų paslaugų kokybė, teorinėje dalyje bandoma išryškinti kultūrinių įstaigų veiklos specifiką. Empirinėje (praktinėje) darbo dalyje pateikiami apibendrinti tyrimo metu gauti duomenis. Tyrimo metu siekta ne tik įvertinti Šiaulių miesto kultūros... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / In order to provide the service of a better quality every enterprise must regularly investigate the needs of customers and improve the service according to the data of investigation. This must be done by the private sector enterprises as will as the public sector. Cultural enterprises are those of public sektor spheres. There are numerous cultural enterprises in Siauliai still the quality of services in those enterprises is not investigation. Therefore this theme is of present interest. This work investigates the service quality of thru cultural enterprises (Siauliai art Galerry, The Culture Centre "Staircase Galerry" and Siauliai concert enterprise "Saule") from point of view of youth. The work consists of two main parts: Theoretical and empiric. The theoretical part deals with the generalization of the charakterization of the services found in the scientific literature, the qualities distinguishing the service from any materal good, the methods of service quality are present. By the analysis of is aimed to ascertain the exclusiveness of the services of the public sector as will as the peculiarities of the evaluation of public services means of the analysis of Scientific Literature. The empiric (practical) part of the work presents the data of the investigation. The investigation deals not only the evaluation of the quality of Siauliai cultural enterprises, the needs of Siauliai academic youth are also lysed. The investigation showed that only a small number of the... [to full text]