Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2015-07-27T23:03:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o - Iv?n Sergio Col?s Gonzalez.pdf: 1019601 bytes, checksum: a974e9e520faa565d9469e1ff902ceed (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-27T23:03:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o - Iv?n Sergio Col?s Gonzalez.pdf: 1019601 bytes, checksum: a974e9e520faa565d9469e1ff902ceed (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-09-30 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia - FAPEB / In this work was investigated the biocatalytic action of fungus Periconia hispidula to perform reduction reactions of aromatic prochiral carbonyl compounds. Firstly, the influence of the reaction parameters (medium, time, amount of substrate, forms to use the biocatalyst) over the conversion rate and enantiomeric excess in the reduction of acetophenone was investigated. After the determination of the growth curve, the incubation time prior to addition of substrate, was evaluated (4 and 7 days). For 4 days of preincubation time, the best conversion rate to obtain the (S)-1-phenylethanol with e.e of 98% were achieved. Two types of biocatalysts were evaluated: growing cells and resting cells. The best results were obtained with growing cells. By comparing the results obtained from potato-dextrose (BD) culture medium and potato-dextrose (BD) supplemented with Fe 2+, BD medium supplemented with Fe 2+ (0.02 g / L) was selected. The influence of the amount of acetophenone (20 to 200 ?L) was also examined to evaluate the toxicity of the substrate. Quantities of the substrate higher than 100 ?L (0.1%) decreased also conversion rate but the enantiomeric excess. The applicability of this biocatalyst was also evaluated to reduce acetophenone derivates compounds such as 2, 3 and 4-nitroacetophenone, 2, 3 and 4-methylacetophenone? 2, 3 and 4-methoxyacetophenone, 2, 3 and 4-bromoacetophenone, 2, 3 and 4-fluoracetophenone, 2, 4-dimethylacetophenone, 2, 5-dimethylacetophenone? 4-ethylacetophenone, octanophenone, 1-indanone and 2-indanone. Chiral alcohols were obtained with conversion rates from 8% upto higher than 99% and the enantiomeric excess between 54% up to 100%, indicating that the fungus Periconia hispidula is a promising estereoselctive biocatalyst for use in processes for reducing carbonyl compounds. / Neste trabalho foi investigada a a??o biocatal?tica do fungo Periconia hispidula em rea??es de redu??o de compostos carbon?licos arom?ticos pr?-quirais. A influ?ncia de par?metros reacionais (meio, tempo, quantidade de substrato, forma de utiliza??o do biocatalisador) na convers?o e enantioseletividade da redu??o de acetofenona foi inicialmente avaliada. A partir da curva de crescimento, determinou-se o tempo de incuba??o pr?vio a adi??o de substrato (4 e 7 dias). Os melhores resultados de convers?o para a obten??o do (S)-1-feniletanol, com excesso enantiom?rico (e.e) de 98% foram atingidos ap?s quatro dias de incuba??o pr?via do micro-organismo. Duas formas de utiliza??o do biocatalisador foram avaliadas: c?lulas em crescimento e c?lulas em repouso. Os melhores resultados de convers?o foram obtidos com as c?lulas em crescimento. Pela compara??o entre meios de cultura batata-dextrose (BD) e batata-dextrose (BD) suplementado com Fe2+) selecionou-se o meio BD suplementado com Fe2+ (0,02 g/L). A influ?ncia da quantidade de acetofenona (entre 20 ?L e 200 ?L) tamb?m foi analisada com o objetivo de avaliar a toxicidade do substrato. Verificou-se que quantidades de substrato maiores a 100 uL (0,1%) levaram a queda da convers?o e da enantioseletividade. O biocatalisador tamb?m foi testado frente a 23 cetonas pr?-quirais: 2, 3 e 4-nitroacetofenona; 2, 3 e 4-metilacetofenona; 2, 3 e 4-metoxiacetofenona; 2, 3 e 4-bromoacetofenona; 2, 3 e 4-fluoracetofenona; 2,4-dimetilacetofenona; 2,5-dimetilacetofenona; 4-etilacetofenona, octanofenona, 1?indanona e 2-indanona. As convers?es dos alco?is quirais oscilaram entre 8% e 100% com excessos enantiom?ricos de 54 at? mais de 99%, demonstrando que o fungo Periconia hispidula ? um biocatalisador estereosseletivo promissor para aplica??o em processos de redu??o de compostos carbon?licos.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:09:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LuisFL_TESE.pdf: 1981587 bytes, checksum: 1da0819bc859b1e23958de0190156279 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-20 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / In this work, biodiesel was produced from castor oil that was a byproduct glycerin. The molar ratio between oil and alcohol, as well as the use of (KOH) catalyst to provide the chemical reaction is based on literature. The best results were obtained using 1 mol of castor oil (260g) to 3 moles of methyl alcohol (138g), using 1.0% KOH as catalyst at a temperature of 260 ? C and shaken at 120 rpm. The oil used was commercially available, the process involves the reaction of transesterification of a vegetable oil with methyl alcohol. The product of this reaction is an ester, biodiesel being the main product and the glycerin by-product which has undergone treatment for use as raw material for the production of allyl alcohol. The great advantage of the use of glycerin to obtain allyl alcohol is that its use eliminates the large amount of waste of the biodiesel and various forms of insult to the environment. The reactions for the formation of allyl alcohol was conducted from formic acid and glycerin in a ratio 1/1, at a temperature of 260oC in a heater blanket, being sprayed by a spiral condenser for a period of 2 hours and the product obtained contains mostly the allylic alcohol .. The monitoring of reactions was performed by UV-Visible Spectrophotometer: FTIR Fourier transform, the analysis showed that these changes occur spectrometer indicating the formation of the product allylic alcohol (prop-2-en-1-ol) in the presence of water, This alcohol was appointed Alcohol GL. The absorption bands confirms that the reaction was observed in (? C = C) 1470 -1600 cm -1 and (? CO), 3610-3670 attributed to C = C groups and OH respectively. The thermal analysis was carried out in a thermogravimetric analyzer SDT Q600, where the mass and temperature are displayed against time, that allows checking the approximate rate of heating. The innovative methodology developed in the laboratory (LABTAM, UFRN), was able to treat the glycerine produced by transesterification of castor oil and used as raw material for production of allyl alcohol, with a yield of 80%, of alcohol, the same is of great importance in the manufacture of polymers, pharmaceuticals, organic compounds, herbicides, pesticides and other chemicals / Neste trabalho o biodiesel foi produzido a partir de ?leo de mamona que teve como subproduto a glicerina. A raz?o molar entre ?leo e ?lcool, bem como o uso do (KOH) como catalisador qu?mico para proporcionar a rea??o, foi baseada em dados da literatura. Os melhores resultados foram obtidos, utilizando 1 mol de ?leo de mamona (260g) para 3 mols de ?lcool met?lico (138g). O ?leo utilizado foi adquirido comercialmente, o processo de transesterifica??o envolve a rea??o do ?leo vegetal com um ?lcool met?lico. O produto dessa rea??o ? um ?ster, sendo o biodiesel o seu principal produto e a glicerina o sub-produto a qual foi submetida a tratamento para uso como mat?ria-prima para a obten??o do ?lcool al?lico. A grande vantagem do uso da glicerina para obten??o de ?lcool al?lico ? que sua utiliza??o elimina a grande quantidade de res?duos do biodiesel e v?rias formas de agress?o ao meio ambiente. As rea??es para forma??o do ?lcool alilico foram conduzidas a partir de ?cido f?rmico e glicerina, em uma raz?o 1/1, sob temperatura de 260oC, em uma manta aquecedora, sendo vaporizado por um condensador em espiral por um per?odo de 2 horas, e o produto obtido contem em sua grande maioria o ?lcool al?lico. O acompanhamento das rea??es foi realizado por Espectrofot?metro UV-Vis?vel: FTIR com transformada de Fourier, a an?lise revelou que estas altera??es espectrom?tricas ocorrem indicando a forma??o do produto ?lcool al?lico (prop-2-en-1-ol), em presen?a de ?gua, este ?lcool foi nomeado de ?lcool GL. As bandas de absor??o que confirmam a rea??o foram observadas em (? C=C) em 1470 -1600 cm-1 e em (? C-O), 3610 3670 atribu?das aos grupos C=C e O-H respectivamente. A analise t?rmica foi realizada em um analisador Termogravim?trico SDT Q600, onde a massa e a temperatura ser?o exibidos em fun??o do tempo, isto permite a verifica??o aproximada da taxa de aquecimento. A metodologia inovadora desenvolvida no laborat?rio (LABTAM, UFRN), foi capaz de tratar a glicerina produzida, atrav?s da transesterifica??o de ?leo de mamona e utilizar como mat?ria prima para produ??o do ?lcool al?lico, apresentando um rendimento de 80%, deste ?lcool, o mesmo ? de grande import?ncia na fabrica??o de pol?meros, medicamentos, compostos org?nicos, herbicidas, pesticidas e outros produtos qu?micos

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-06-15T00:32:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PriscillaFernandesDeFaria_DISSERT.pdf: 470162 bytes, checksum: fa888637c9b8d78f143bf6e83736bce1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-06-20T19:25:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PriscillaFernandesDeFaria_DISSERT.pdf: 470162 bytes, checksum: fa888637c9b8d78f143bf6e83736bce1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-20T19:25:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PriscillaFernandesDeFaria_DISSERT.pdf: 470162 bytes, checksum: fa888637c9b8d78f143bf6e83736bce1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-05 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar a ocorr?ncia de leite inst?vel n?o ?cido nasmesorregi?es oeste e central do Rio Grande do Norte, bem como avaliar a qualidade doleite. Foram analisadas 92 amostras, ao longo de 4 meses, provenientes de 23 tanques deresfriamento. Foi realizado o teste do ?lcool a 68%, 72% e 76%, al?m da mensura??o dopH, acidez, gordura, prote?na, s?lidos totais, nitrog?nio ureico, lactose, case?na e contagemde c?lulas som?ticas. A incid?ncia de LINA foi de 15,91%, e n?o houve diferen?asignificativa na composi??o do LINA em rela??o ao leite est?vel em nenhuma dasgradua??es alco?licas. Nenhuma amostra de LINA apresentou coagula??o na prova dafervura. Tais resultados permitem concluir que apesar das in?meras adversidades clim?ticase nutricionais existentes na regi?o, o LINA n?o representa um problema aparente / The unstable non acid milk (UNAM) is characterized by coagulation in the alcohol test and wanted acidity (14-18?D). Among Brazilian regions, the South and Southeast have the highest occurrence of LINA, which has been causing problems for both producers and for industries, due to the disposal or undervaluation of milk. In the Northeast there are few studies that indicate their occurrence and quality. The objective of this study was to identify the occurrence of unstable non-acid milk in the west and central mesoregions of Rio Grande do Norte, determine their physicochemical characteristics, test alcoholic graduations and evaluate their correlation with the quality of milk. 176 raw milk samples were analyzed in the period from September to December /2014 from 23 APASA?s cooling tanks, located in 7 cities of west and central mesoregions RN. The samples were collected in duplicate, one sample used for alcohol testing at 68, 72 and 76%, measurement of pH, acidity, electrical conductivity and boiling proof, made in LABOLEITE / UFRN; and the other sample containing Bronopol? preservative, was sent to the APCBRH (Cattle Breeders Association Paranaense Holstein) laboratory in Curitiba-PR, which were analyzed fat, protein, total solids, lactose, casein, urea nitrogen and somatic cell count. The test alcohol samples disapproved 31.82%, of which 30% proved to be non-acid, and 30% had high acidity. The samples were divided into three classes: Stable Milk, UNAM and acid milk. 3% Tukey test was used for comparison of stable milk components and UNAM and there was no significant difference between them. Both classes obtained averages within the standard required by IN 62. The average value of electric conductivity was 4.84 mS/cm for stable milk, 4.55 mS/cm for unstable and acid milk and 4.53 mS/cm for non-acid unstable milk. The electrical conductivity was positively correlated with alcohol stability of milk and negative correlation with acidity and pH. Could not observe direct relationship between the electrical conductivity and the somatic cell count.The boiling test was negative for all samples UNAM. It can be concluded that the incidence of UNAM in the studied region is low, although the predisposing factors such as heat stress, drought and nutritional deficiency. In conclusion, the UNAM has quality similar to stable milk, conform the norms required by Agriculture Ministry, and with adequate thermal stability, which proves that there is no reason to reject this milk by industry.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:29:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RENATO LUIS ZINI.pdf: 1427658 bytes, checksum: 7c80a7801d1d0faac14eae07f351aaac (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-05 / This phenomenological research aimed to apprehend the experience of persons who have been attended in a Psychosocial Care Center on Alcohol and Drugs - CAPS - located in a medium size town in S?o Paulo state in the context of the practice of welcoming made effective by a psychologist. This practice has been regarded as one of the facilitator contrivance for the consolidation of the National Health Humanization Program, implemented by the Ministry of Health since 2004. Although, the act of welcoming is recommended as interdisciplinary and inserted into the routine of all professionals and services related to Brazilian Public Health, the purpose was to analyze it from the perspective of a humanistic oriented psychologist. This is a qualitative phenomenological research based on the encounters of the researcher and the participants on the context of a duty care routine service. Thirty-six adults of both sexes were interviewed including those who attended the service for the first time and those who returned to treatment after a period of neglect during the period of September 2011 and August 2012. From these thirty-six people, fifteen were selected to participate in the research. As a strategy for the analysis of the encounters with the participants, there were constructed written narratives that enabled the researcher to approach with elements of the experience of these people from his own impressions on meeting them in a dialogic relationship. The results showed significant elements that emerged from these clinical encounters: 1) self-image: the participants refer to themselves as people who can undertake changes in the way of living towards the physical and psychological health; feel hopeful about the possibility of recovery from treatment adherence; 2) relationship with the body: the experience revealed a split between the physical body and its symbolization leading them to neglect the information transmitted to them by service technicians as to be carriers of serious physical ailments and other health problems; 3 ) selfperception: they preserve the condition of narrating their own life story, relating facts and relevant events that impelled them to be in the present condition; 4) affective relationships: the beginning of the use of chemicals is associated with emotionally relevant people, but it is also, the decision to seek help to get rid of addiction, 5) suffering because of the manner they are living as a trigger for seeking professional help, 6) relationship with drugs consumption: independent of the substance(s) sed, most of the time, consumption was reported by participants as something that they had already stopped when they took the initiative to seek help from CAPS.Participants felt welcomed during the encounters due to the empathic attitude and acceptance of the psychologist. The practice of welcoming performed in this study regarded the well-known institutional practice of psychology on duty care as proposed by Brazilian psychologists as an intervention made effective by the means of some specific attitudes held by the psychologists in order to receive clients psychological emergency demand. Thus, it was possible to realize the importance of a dialogic relationship to engage an experiential process that provides the client with a rescue of his/her subjectivity. / A pesquisa objetivou apreender fenomenologicamente a experi?ncia de pessoas atendidas em um Centro de Aten??o Psicossocial em ?lcool e Drogas, situado em um munic?pio do interior do estado de S?o Paulo, a partir da pr?tica de acolhimento efetivada por um psic?logo. Esta pr?tica tem sido considerada como um dos dispositivos facilitadores para a consolida??o do Programa Nacional de Humaniza??o em Sa?de, implementado a partir de 2004 pelo Minist?rio da Sa?de. Embora o ato do acolhimento seja preconizado como interdisciplinar e inserido na rotina de todos os profissionais e servi?os de sa?de p?blica brasileiros, procurou-se analis?-lo sob a perspectiva da pr?tica de um psic?logo de orienta??o humanista. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa de inspira??o fenomenol?gica e o contexto escolhido para os encontros do pesquisador com os participantes foi o atendimento rotineiro de plant?o. Foram entrevistadas trinta e seis pessoas adultas de ambos os sexos que compareceram ao servi?o pela primeira vez ou retornaram ao tratamento ap?s um per?odo de abandono, entre os meses de setembro de 2011 e agosto de 2012. Destas, foram selecionadas quinze para participarem da pesquisa. Como estrat?gia para a an?lise dos encontros com os participantes foram constru?das narrativas que possibilitaram ao pesquisador uma aproxima??o com elementos da experi?ncia dessas pessoas a partir de suas pr?prias impress?es ao estar com elas numa rela??o dial?gica. Os resultados evidenciaram elementos significativos que emergiram dos atendimentos: 1) autoimagem: os participantes referem-se a si mesmos como pessoas capazes de empreender mudan?as na forma de viver em dire??o ? sa?de f?sica e psicol?gica; sentemse esperan?osos em rela??o ? possibilidade de recupera??o a partir da ades?o ao tratamento; 2) rela??o com o corpo: revelou-se a experi?ncia de uma cis?o entre o corpo f?sico e sua simboliza??o, levando-os a negligenciarem as informa??es que lhes eram transmitidas pelos t?cnicos do servi?o quanto a serem portadores de mol?stias f?sicas graves e outros agravos ? sa?de; 3) percep??o de si: preservam a condi??o de narrarem sua pr?pria hist?ria de vida, relacionando fatos e eventos relevantes que os impeliram a estar na condi??o atual; 4) rela??es afetivas: o in?cio do uso de subst?ncias qu?micas est? associado a pessoas afetivamente relevantes; da mesma forma em rela??o ? decis?o de procurar por ajuda para livrar-se da depend?ncia; 5) sofrimento face a maneira como se est? vivendo como elemento desencadeador da busca por ajuda profissional; 6) rela??o com o consumo de drogas: independente da(s) subst?ncia(s) usada(s), o consumo era referido pelos participantes na maioria das vezes como algo que j? haviam deixado, assim que tomaram a iniciativa de procurar pelo CAPS. Os participantes sentiram-se acolhidos durante os atendimentos em fun??o da postura emp?tica e aceitadora do psic?logo. Os atendimentos realizados assemelham-se ao plant?o psicol?gico como pr?tica de interven??o cl?nica em institui??es quanto ?s atitudes do plantonista e a sua forma de acolher a demanda do cliente. Foi poss?vel constatar a import?ncia de uma rela??o dial?gica para o desencadear de um processo experiencial que disponibiliza ao cliente um resgate de sua subjetividade.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:38:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 HeloisaKCS_DISSERT.pdf: 1122622 bytes, checksum: deb681a00b9e4783f5bbe27f6cccc4a1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-20 / This study has as main objectives to translate and to adapt the MCMI-III to brazilian Portuguese, as well as investigate and analyze the involved modifications in the Alcohol Dependence Scale concerning to the results obtained on the validity and on the process of adaptation to Brazil. The inventory was translated and, posteriorly, applied on people with different reading levels to certify that the items are understandable to public in general, from diverse places of the country, divided into clinical and non-clinical groups. Were evaluated 2855 subjects between the ages of 18 and 85 years old, male and female, resident and dwellers of Brazilian cities. The application methods were face-to-face and computerized. Results showed that the clinical group presented significant differences between the means in comparison to the non-clinical group. Through the application of the General Health Questionnaire were developed studies related to the achievement of convergent validity and its results pointed to the relation between the instrument scores and the MCMI-III. The Alcohol Dependence Scale analysis indicated that people who reported abusive use of alcohol had highest scores, indicating adequacy of the instrument on identifying manifestation of disorders and syndromes. Nevertheless, further studies are necessary to the establishment of normative patterns to the Brazilian sample / Esse estudo tem como principais objetivos traduzir e adaptar o MCMI-III para o portugu?s brasileiro, bem como investigar e analisar as modifica??es envolvidas na escala de Depend?ncia de ?lcool do instrumento original em rela??o aos resultados obtidos na validade e no processo de adapta??o para o Brasil. O invent?rio foi traduzido e posteriormente administrado em pessoas com n?veis variados de leitura para certificar-se de que os itens pudessem ser compreendidos pelo p?blico em geral, de diversos locais do pa?s, divididos em grupo cl?nico e grupo n?o cl?nico. Foram avaliados 2855 sujeitos com idades de 18 a 85 anos, dos sexos feminino e masculino, residentes e domiciliados em cidades brasileiras. As formas de administra??o foram modo presencial e modo informatizado. Os resultados demonstraram que o grupo cl?nico apresentou diferen?as significativas entre as m?dias com rela??o ao grupo n?o cl?nico. Por meio da administra??o do Question?rio Geral de Sa?de desenvolveram-se estudos quanto ? obten??o de validade convergente cujos resultados apontaram a rela??o entre os escores desse instrumento e o MCMI-III. A an?lise da escala de Depend?ncia do ?lcool apontou que pessoas que relataram ter feito uso abusivo de ?lcool pontuaram mais alto, indicando a adequa??o do instrumento em identificar manifesta??es de transtornos e s?ndromes. Contudo, ainda s?o necess?rios estudos posteriores para estabelecimento de padr?es normativos para a amostra brasileira

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:46:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AdrianaMS.pdf: 1189385 bytes, checksum: 0f5e0ae771f3df54a64288a00807bc4f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-10-13 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The treatment for abusive users of alcohol and other drugs suffered significant modifications until arriving to the psychosocial model that is used by Centro de Aten??o Psicossocial CAPSad II Eastern Natal/RN (Psychosocial Support Center). That model appears starting from Brazilian sanitary and psychiatric reforms which are expressed in the principles and propositions of Sistema ?nico de Sa?de SUS (Unique System of Health). The Psychiatric Reform meant a rupture with the mental hospital and hospital centered treatment pattern which was destined to the abusive users of alcohol and other drugs. The new proposal offers the universalization, democratization, regionalization and completeness of the actions in the field of mental health. It gathers a strictly interdisciplinary health staff. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment for abusive users of alcohol and other drugs offered by CAPSad II Eastern Natal/RN. The evaluation used, as priority, the qualitative social research through an evaluating study starting from the non-experimental model. The methodological process used different instruments of data collection: bibliographical and documental researches, systematic observations at CAPSad II Eastern Natal/RN and, mainly, the semistructured interviews (21) that were accomplished with the professionals, users and relatives of CAPSad II Eastern Natal/RN. The investigation showed the effectiveness of the service and, therefore, CAPSad II Eastern Natal/RN constitute itself as the main confronting strategy to the mental hospital and hospital centered treatment pattern of caring the abusive users of alcohol and other drugs / O tratamento para usu?rios abusivos de ?lcool e outras drogas, sofreu significativas modifica??es at? chegar ao modelo psicossocial, utilizado pelo Centro de Aten??o Psicossocial para usu?rios de ?lcool e outras drogas (CAPSad II leste Natal/RN). Esse modelo surge a partir das Reformas Sanit?ria e Psiqui?trica Brasileira expressas nos princ?pios e proposi??es do Sistema ?nico de Sa?de SUS. A Reforma Psiqui?trica significou uma ruptura com o padr?o de tratamento manicomial e hospitaloc?ntrico destinado aos usu?rios abusivos de ?lcool e outras drogas. A nova proposta prop?e a universaliza??o, democratiza??o, regionaliza??o e integralidade das a??es no campo da sa?de mental. Re?ne uma equipe de sa?de necessariamente interdisciplinar. Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a efetividade do tratamento para usu?rios abusivos de ?lcool e outras drogas oferecido pelo CAPSad II leste Natal /RN. A avalia??o utilizou, como priorit?ria, a pesquisa social de car?ter qualitativa atrav?s de um estudo avaliat?rio a partir do modelo n?oexperimental. O processo metodol?gico utilizou diferentes instrumentos de coleta de dados: pesquisa bibliogr?fica e documental, observa??es sistem?ticas no CAPSad II leste, e, principalmente, ?s entrevistas semi-estruturadas (21) que foram realizadas com os profissionais, usu?rios e familiares do CAPSad II leste. A investiga??o apontou para a efetividade do servi?o e, portanto, o CAPSad II leste se constitue enquanto principal estrat?gia de enfrentamento ao modelo manicomial e hospitaloc?ntrico de tratar os usu?rios abusivos de ?lcool e outras drogas.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:57:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CelitonS.pdf: 1872654 bytes, checksum: 0e3a2fa3a25b2b0d3f6314fb9f1b6ab9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-07-13 / The vehicles are the main mobile sources of carbon monoxide (CO) and unburned hydrocarbons (HC) released into the atmosphere. In the last years the increment of the fleet of vehicles in the municipal district of Natal-RN it is contributing to the increase of the emissions of those pollutants. The study consisted of a statistical analysis of the emissions of CO and HC of a composed sample for 384 vehicles with mechanization Gasoline/CNG or Alcohol/Gasoline/CNG of the municipal district of Natal-RN. The tests were accomplished in vehicles submitted to Vehicular Safety's Inspection, in the facilities of INSPETRANS, Organism of Vehicular Inspection. An partial gases analyzer allowed to measure, for each vehicle, the levels of CO and HC in two conditions of rotation of the motor (900 and 2500 rpm). The statistical analysis accomplished through the STATISTICA software revealed a sensitive reduction in the efficiency of the converters catalytic after 6 years of use with emission average it is of 0,78% of CO and 156 (ppm) of HC, Which represents approximately 4 (four) times the amount of CO and the double of HC in comparison with the newest vehicles. The result of a Student s t-test, suggests strongly that the average of the emissions of HC (152 ppm), at 900 rpm, is 40% larger than at 2500 rpm, for the motor without load. This result reveals that the efficiency of the catalytic conversion is limited kinetically in low engine speeds. The Study also ends that when comparing the emissions of CO and HC considering the influence of the fuels, it was verified that although the emissions of CO starting from CNG are 62% smaller than arising from the gasoline, there are not significant differences among the emissions of HC originating from of CNG and of the gasoline. In synthesis, the results place the current criteria of vehicular inspection, for exhaust gases, in doubt, leading the creation of emission limits of pollutant more rigorous, because the efficiency of the converters catalytic is sensibly reduced starting from 6 years of use. It is also raised the possibility of modifications in the test conditions adopted by the current norms, specifically in the speed engine, have seen that in the condition without load the largest emission indexes were registered in slow march. That fact that allows to suggest the dismissal of the tests in high speed engine, reducing the time of inspection in half and generating economy of fuel / Os ve?culos automotores s?o as principais fontes m?veis de Mon?xido de Carbono (CO) e Hidrocarbonetos n?o queimados (HC) lan?ados na atmosfera. Nos ?ltimos anos o acr?scimo da frota de ve?culos no munic?pio de Natal-RN vem contribuindo para o aumento das emiss?es desses gases poluentes. O estudo consistiu de uma an?lise estat?stica das emiss?es de CO e HC de uma amostra composta por 384 ve?culos com motoriza??o a Gasolina/GNV ou ?lcool/Gasolina/GNV do munic?pio de Natal-RN. Os testes foram realizados em ve?culos submetidos ? Inspe??o de Seguran?a Veicular, nas instala??es do INSPETRANS, Organismo de Inspe??o Veicular. Um analisador de gases parcial permitiu medir, para cada ve?culo, os n?veis de CO e HC em duas condi??es de rota??o do motor (900 e 2500 rpm). A an?lise estat?stica realizada por meio do software STATISTICA revelou uma sens?vel redu??o na efici?ncia dos conversores catal?ticos ap?s 6 anos de uso com a emiss?o m?dia de 0,78 % de CO e 156 (ppm) de HC, o que representa aproximadamente 4 (quatro) vezes a quantidade de CO e o dobro de HC em compara??o com os ve?culos mais novos. O resultado de um Teste-T de Student sugere fortemente que a m?dia das emiss?es de HC (152 ppm), a 900 rpm, ? 40% maior que a 2500 rpm, para o motor sem carga. Esse resultado revela que a efici?ncia da convers?o catal?tica ? limitada cineticamente em baixas rota??es. O Estudo conclui tamb?m que ao comparar as emiss?es de CO e HC, considerando a influ?ncia dos combust?veis, verificou-se que embora as emiss?es de CO a partir do GNV sejam 62% menores do que a partir da gasolina, n?o h? diferen?as significativa entre as emiss?es de HC oriundas do GNV e da gasolina. Em s?ntese, os resultados colocam os atuais crit?rios de inspe??o veicular, para gases da exaust?o, em d?vida, conduzindo a cria??o de limites de emiss?o de poluentes mais rigorosos, visto que a efici?ncia dos conversores catal?ticos ? sensivelmente reduzida a partir de 6 anos de uso. Suscita-se tamb?m a possibilidade de modifica??es nas condi??es de teste adotadas pelas normas atuais, especificamente na rota??o do motor, haja vista que na condi??o sem carga os maiores ?ndices de emiss?o foram registrados em marcha lenta. De ante disso, sugere-se a dispensa dos testes em altas rota??es, reduzindo ? metade o tempo de inspe??o e gerando economia de combust?vel