This thesis deals with the questions of urban planning and building activity in the time of the Second World War. The research topic of the single case study is Prague in the period of Nazi occupation between March 1939 and May 1945. The aim of the thesis is to challenge the simplifying interpretation of occupation as a period without any building activity. The simplifying interpretation usually explains the low number of built objects being caused directly by the occupants' long term plans with Protectorate Bohemia and Moravia. The thesis tries to challenge this interpretation and using the examples of built objects of the traffic infrastructure and industrial buildings, it shows the ongoing building. The first part shortly summarizes the concepts of Nazi architecture and town planning and connects them with long-term plans with the occupied territories of South-eastern Europe. The second chapter concentrates on the Nazi concepts and plans for remaking Prague and introduces the problematics of building activities during occupation. Based on archival research, the examples of building activity of traffic infrastructure and industrial buildings are shown in the third chapter. The conclusion summarizes the results of the research and critically evaluates the outcomes of the thesis. The thesis is based on...

Examensarbetet kom som en förfrågan från företaget Northpower stålhallar AB som var i behov av en beräkningsmall för vind- och snölast. Beräkningsmallen utformas i Microsoft Excel och den ska möta de önskemål och krav som tillkommer vid projektering av en hallbyggnad. Beräkningsmallen grundas på en litteraturstudie av vind- och snölast kapitlen i Eurokoderna som inleder den teoretiska delen av rapporten. För att se skillnader mellan stomstabiliseringssystem som vanligen används i hallbyggnader, utfördes en litteraturstudie på vanligt förekommande systemen. En kraftanalys vid olika placeringar av företagets nuvarande stomstabiliseringssystem gjordes med hjälp av den tillverkade beräkningsmallen. Litteraturstudien och analysen sammanställdes till jämförelse av de olika stomstabiliseringssystemen. / The subject of this bachelor thesis was a query from Northpower stålhallar AB that was in need of a calculation model for wind- and snow loads. The Calculation model was created in Microsoft Excel and shall satisfy the requirements for the design of an industrial building. The calculation model is founded on a literature study of Eurocodes wind- and snow load chapters, which initializes the theoretical part of the report. To gain a better understanding of the differences between the different types of bracing systems that is normally used in industrial buildings, we performed a literature study on a selection of the usual systems.  Using the calculation model, a force analysis on different placing’s of the current lateral stability system the company use was carried out. The thesis ends with a comparison of the study and analysis of the different lateral stability systems that’s been studied.

This thesis deals with the most dynamically evolving Prague district Karlin. In the context of the theory of Marc Augé about non-places, it primarily addresses the transformation of Karlin after the floods in 2002 and its consequences. For easier orientation in this area it is at first outlined the theory of Marc Augé and the history of Karlin. It is followed by the practical part, which refers to the production of non- places. Against the backdrop of the industrial heritage it refers to the conversion of industrial buildings and the creation of new administrative centers that show signs of non-places. Construction of new office centers started the process of new development of Karlin. The nature of this process and the direction Karlin is moving , is presented with concrete examples. I note in particular the changes in the structure of newly opened businesses - shops and catering facilities . In the last part of the thesis I mention the typical expression of non-place in Karlin - the underground and its surroundings. The aim is to point out that the conversion of Karlin relates to the production of non- places. Keywords : conversion, industrial buildings, Karlin, Marc Augé, non-places, office buildings, office centers, underground.

Subject of master thesis is urban nad architecture study of former textile factory area and land along the street Křenová. The main theme of the solution is integration and rehabilitation of the contemporary building into organism of the city and susceptible addition of new masses which is based on the principles of compact city. Emphasis is also put on increasing throughput and quality of public spaces, which is missing nowadays. In detail I am focused on new buildings – the residential house on the green parking platform, row houses along the river Ponávka and alternative conversion of fomer Dye House into Mother Center. The aim is to propose some alternative to currently inappropriate land use and invention based on the Regional Plan.

Lund University (2020) describes that the material chosen for the construction of constructions significantly affects the environment. Due to the impact of the choice of construction materials on the environment, we have carried out an in-depth study where we examine the complex decision-making process when choosing frame materials concerning both external and internal factors where external influences become regulatory requirements related to global sustainability goals with the aim that the industrial construction industry can find sustainable solutions such as hybrid solutions in the choice of frame materials, while internal factors involve financial considerations linked to the protection of materials against environmental conditions and challenges that industrial buildings can face. To gain a greater perspective on these external and internal factors, we interviewed engineers within Sweco AB and their suppliers such as Sca AB, who showed them more clearly that sustainable materials, such as wood, offer environmental benefits. However, there are challenges that industrial construction industries encounter, such as costs, customer preferences, and knowledge that is related to the industrial construction industry's experience in building with wood as a frame trial. We underline the industrial construction industry's commitment to sustainable innovations guided by Rogers' innovation diffusion theory (Rogers, 2003) and Geels' multi-level perspective (Geels, 2002). These sustainable innovations are driven by external influences, while internal factors such as cost considerations and the pursuit of hybrid solutions reveal challenges. The research highlights the industry's active participation in shaping a responsible and forward-looking future. Within this study, we emphasize through our research, the need to consider customer preferences, increase awareness, and implement rules such as climate declaration and EU taxonomy for a sustainable construction shift in Sweden. These emphases are ongoing as we study the impact of innovation diffusion as well as barriers to innovation and government regulations on the adoption of innovations and technologies in industrial construction (European Commission, 2023; Sadri et al., 2021; Lundberg et al., 2019). Our study highlights the complexities of individual choices, industry dynamics, and societal impact, offering valuable insights for decision-makers in the construction industry. Although a complete shift to wood may not be feasible, in line with Christensen's innovation model (Christensen, 2000), innovations such as green steel can benefit both industrial construction companies, related suppliers, and customers. Focusing on timber frames as an alternative to steel, our study recommends future research on life cycle analyses, cost-benefit assessments, stakeholder engagement, regional studies, decision analysis, post-occupancy evaluations, circular economy integration, and predictive modeling. These proposals aim to improve the sustainability of construction by providing a comprehensive view of material selection, aligning economic feasibility with ecological responsibility, and supporting informed decision-making.

O arquiteto deve ser o primeiro profissional a ser chamado ao se pensar em edificar uma fábrica. Dotado de visão humanista e técnica, possui ferramentas para coordenar a equipe interdisciplinar que é necessária na maior parte dos casos desse tipo de projeto. Quando corretamente estabelecidas as competências de cada profissional, o trabalho resultará não somente em um edifício funcional, que atenda ao programa, mas também em uma arquitetura com adequada inserção histórica, espacial, e adaptabilidade a situações futuras. O projeto da fábrica envolve questões diversas e complexas que devem ser estudadas em cada caso, com o devido embasamento técnico e teórico pertinentes em cada tipologia. Tal esforço pode se tornar dificultoso, já que a fábrica destina-se a múltiplos propósitos, tal é a pertinência de um trabalho de sistematização do processo de projeto industrial. Para tal, o arquiteto deve conhecer os problemas específicos deste ramo da Arquitetura: sua história e evolução, novos requisitos de desempenho, novos materiais e as novas correntes de estudo da humanização dos espaços de trabalho. Algumas questões, como por exemplo, a flexibilidade e a expansibilidade, não muito presentes em outros tipos de projeto, vêm à tona com toda a força na arquitetura industrial. Geram um contexto que faz com que o edifício seja, na maior parte dos casos, indissociável de um alto grau de pré-fabricação dos elementos. A Arquitetura Industrial é um dos principais campos para novas soluções estruturais e formais na Arquitetura, e o arquiteto deverá ser um profissional generalista para conhecer a fundo cada um dos métodos de produção. O intuito deste trabalho, assim, é a apresentação da problemática que envolve o projeto industrial, com a perspectiva da sistematização dos elementos comuns a esse tipo de tema, nas suas mais variadas aplicações. / The architect must be the first professional to be called as for the intent of building an Industry. Because of his humanist and technical knowledge, he is prepared with important tools to deal with the multidisciplinary context, which is necessary in most cases. When each professional task is properly established, the result is not only a simple functional architectural building, but a construction with its historical and spatial relations well defined, as well as its sustainability. Projecting an Industry involves various and complex questions, which must be analyzed in each case, with the proper technical basis, concerning each destination. Such effort can be exhaustive, since the industry can respond to multiple purposes, that is why an organization of procedures in industrial projects proves to be pertinent. For this work, the architect must know the specific problems of this Field in Architecture: its History and Development; the new performance requirements; new materials; and the recent studies of humanization of workplaces. Some themes like, for instance, flexibility and expansibility, not much present in other kind of projects in Architecture, are of extreme importance in industrial architecture, producing a context where prefabrication is absolute required. The Industry is one of the most motivating fields for new structural and formal solutions in architecture, and the architect must be a generalist professional to know in detail each method of production. The goal of this work is the presentation of the industry case in architecture, with the perspective of a systematization of the elements that compose this kind of project, and its multiple applications.

Soziokulturelle Zentren, Kultur- und Kommunikationszentren in früheren Industriegebäuden, sogenannte „Kulturfabriken“ haben seit Ende der sechziger Jahre die Kulturlandschaft und -politik der Bundesrepublik anhaltend beeinflußt und verändert. Aus anfänglichen Nischenprojekten entwickelten sie sich in größeren Städten innerhalb weniger Jahre zu etablierten Kulturinstitutionen, die neben den bereits bestehenden Theatern, Konzerthäusern, Kunsthallen und Museen zum festen Bestandteil des kulturellen Angebots der Kommunen geworden sind. Die Motivation, leerstehende Fabrikgebäude für kulturelle Arbeit nutzbar zu machen, gründet sich jedoch nicht auf deren vermeintliche Praktikabilität und Eignung, sondern auf die Zeichenfunktion der Gebäude. Die Umnutzung eines Fabrikgebäudes zu kulturellen Zwecken, und das ist die zentrale These, ist ein symbolischer Akt. Der Arbeit wurde daher ein semiologischer Ansatz zugrunde gelegt. Am Zeichenwandel der Fabrik in der Kulturarbeit lassen sich die unterschiedlichen Definitionen eines Kulturbegriffs in der Bundesrepublik ablesen. Die Kulturfabriken fungierten als eine Art Projektionsfläche und Medium für die verschiedenen Konzeptionen von Kultur. Insgesamt wurden sechs unterschiedliche Konzeptionstendenzen von Kulturfabriken herausgearbeitet, die sich in einem Symbol, einem Symbolsystem manifestieren: 1. Die Kulturfabrik als gesellschaftspolitischer Gegenentwurf, 2. Die Kulturfabrik als Modell für Stadterneuerung, 3. Die Kulturfabrik als Ort individueller Re-Produktion, 4. Die Kulturfabrik als Gegenstand der Geschichtskultur, 5. Die Kulturfabrik als Vermittler im kulturellen Umbruch und 6. Die Kulturfabrik als Wirtschaftsfaktor. / Centres of culture and communication founded in former industrial buildings, the so-called culture factories have continuously influenced culture and culture politics in Germany ever since the late nineteen-sixties. Within a few years small experimental projects developed into fully established cultural institutions thus becoming an integral part within communities’ cultural facilities – as theatre houses, concert halls, galleries and museums. The idea of using abandoned industrial buildings as cultural institutions is founded on symbolic rather than practical or functional principles: the conversion of industrial buildings to cultural institutions is, in essence, a symbolic act. Consequently the concept follows a semiological approach. The changing symbolic significance of the industrial building within the framework of cultural work has accorded changes in the various concepts of culture seen within Germany. In this, culture factories act as both a projection surface and medium for various concepts of culture and cultural activities. Six concepts of the role of culture factories as symbols and symbolic systems are: 1. Culture factories as socio-political counterstrike, 2. Culture factories as models of urban revitalization, 3. Culture factories as places of individual reproduction, 4. Culture factories as historical objects, 5. Culture factories as mediators of the cultural upheaval in the former GDR, and 6. Culture factories as economic factors.

Thoughts, memories or stories are stored as images in our minds. These images are a collection of realistic as well as unrealistic pictures. They help us to experience, to communicate, and to remember. A vehicle that implies a strongly visual image is architecture. With the new century, industrial architecture became an image for power, energy, and movement But today the once blooming manufacturing industry reached a stage of transition, it is dying out Our environment, our needs, and we are constantly changing. How does this transition affect our needs, or environment, and us? Does it mean, that our images change, too? And if so, will this change affect our experiences, memories, and our communication? This thesis explores the transition by observing and influencing a distinctive architectural setting. To talk, write, discuss about an image, we need to translate it into language. The metaphor for the connection of the industrial world and power, energy, and motion is the "Dynamic Face". / Department of Architecture

Since the late 1970s many empty buildings in Montreal have been adapted for residential purposes. The main focus of this thesis is to document and analyse the most representative examples of these projects in order to define the nature and results of the adaptive-use practice in Montreal. / Due to complexity of the field, the framework for analysis must be flexible enough to apply to different contexts and building types, yet firm enough to solve the perpetual dilemmas intrinsic to adaptive-use design. The attitude of this research is that the best way to do this is to learn from architectural, social, and political history---indeed how these types of histories interrelate to form a continuum of popular and professional opinion. / The study starts the examination of the main preservationist and adaptive-use methods with the discussion of preservationist terminology and origins of preservationist theories in Europe. It traces them as they come to North America, examines the roots of adaptive use for residential purposes in Manhattan, and follows the phenomenon as it has appeared in Montreal from the sixties to present. After tracking preservation theory and practice until this point, the parameters for determining what is a successful adaptive-use project become clearer. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

O arquiteto deve ser o primeiro profissional a ser chamado ao se pensar em edificar uma fábrica. Dotado de visão humanista e técnica, possui ferramentas para coordenar a equipe interdisciplinar que é necessária na maior parte dos casos desse tipo de projeto. Quando corretamente estabelecidas as competências de cada profissional, o trabalho resultará não somente em um edifício funcional, que atenda ao programa, mas também em uma arquitetura com adequada inserção histórica, espacial, e adaptabilidade a situações futuras. O projeto da fábrica envolve questões diversas e complexas que devem ser estudadas em cada caso, com o devido embasamento técnico e teórico pertinentes em cada tipologia. Tal esforço pode se tornar dificultoso, já que a fábrica destina-se a múltiplos propósitos, tal é a pertinência de um trabalho de sistematização do processo de projeto industrial. Para tal, o arquiteto deve conhecer os problemas específicos deste ramo da Arquitetura: sua história e evolução, novos requisitos de desempenho, novos materiais e as novas correntes de estudo da humanização dos espaços de trabalho. Algumas questões, como por exemplo, a flexibilidade e a expansibilidade, não muito presentes em outros tipos de projeto, vêm à tona com toda a força na arquitetura industrial. Geram um contexto que faz com que o edifício seja, na maior parte dos casos, indissociável de um alto grau de pré-fabricação dos elementos. A Arquitetura Industrial é um dos principais campos para novas soluções estruturais e formais na Arquitetura, e o arquiteto deverá ser um profissional generalista para conhecer a fundo cada um dos métodos de produção. O intuito deste trabalho, assim, é a apresentação da problemática que envolve o projeto industrial, com a perspectiva da sistematização dos elementos comuns a esse tipo de tema, nas suas mais variadas aplicações. / The architect must be the first professional to be called as for the intent of building an Industry. Because of his humanist and technical knowledge, he is prepared with important tools to deal with the multidisciplinary context, which is necessary in most cases. When each professional task is properly established, the result is not only a simple functional architectural building, but a construction with its historical and spatial relations well defined, as well as its sustainability. Projecting an Industry involves various and complex questions, which must be analyzed in each case, with the proper technical basis, concerning each destination. Such effort can be exhaustive, since the industry can respond to multiple purposes, that is why an organization of procedures in industrial projects proves to be pertinent. For this work, the architect must know the specific problems of this Field in Architecture: its History and Development; the new performance requirements; new materials; and the recent studies of humanization of workplaces. Some themes like, for instance, flexibility and expansibility, not much present in other kind of projects in Architecture, are of extreme importance in industrial architecture, producing a context where prefabrication is absolute required. The Industry is one of the most motivating fields for new structural and formal solutions in architecture, and the architect must be a generalist professional to know in detail each method of production. The goal of this work is the presentation of the industry case in architecture, with the perspective of a systematization of the elements that compose this kind of project, and its multiple applications.