A presente tese toma por base o contexto internacional em nível cognitivo, no qual se desenvolveu a História da Arte Brasileira nos primeiros séculos, com a intermediação lusitana. Procura identificar o processo interativo deslocado territorialmente, mas que, por isso mesmo, dadas as contingências locais, tornou possível novas interpretações e adaptações. A prática artística progressivamente se estabilizou no Brasil-Colônia a partir do século XVI, cumprindo o itinerário que encontra na mentalidade e no conhecimento do homem pós-renascentista a base que viria a orientar os séculos imediatamente subseqüentes. Portanto, a Reforma Católica refletiu a capacitação do sistema, conforme se tornara indispensável à organização social que, partindo do vínculo com a cultura preexistente do medievo ao Renascimento, instituísse os parâmetros que os renovados fatores requeriam. Estabeleceu-se um modelo de sociedade de conotação metafísicoteológica, e por conseqüência hierárquica, onde o culto religioso aglutinava os vários aspectos da sua estrutura. Distinguimos aí a íntima relação entre a \"ecclesia\" e a \"civitas\" pois a igreja e a cidade coordenavam de modo substancialmente unitário os diversos polos de interesse que por essa razão se tornam indissociáveis. A fundação da Cidade do Salvador, cabeça do Brasil, se configura como uma oportunidade única a serviço da compreensão de um contexto projetado e realizado como ponte interligando terras até então completamente desconhecidas entre si. Os primeiros capítulos buscam conseqüentemente traçar as diretrizes do vínculo existente entre a \"ecclesia\" e a \"civitas\" no qual se situa e se expressa o amadurecimento técnico VIII das formas de fazer, sempre no âmbito ao qual a pesquisa se direciona: o dos fatores determinantes do retábulo - produto de uma religiosidade já delineada no tempo. A Igreja, em direta conexão com o Estado português, assume ao lado deste a função de elemento dinamizador, concentrando em si, com maior relevo e as sucessivas construções realizadas, a concretização do esquema urbanístico previamente traçado. Torna-se, assim, principal incentivadora da formação profissionalizante com a importância especial que assume a construção e decoração dos templos. O pensamento teórico- prático e religioso formava um corpus unitário desde a capacitação advinda da metrópole. A execução do projeto de fundação da Cidade do Salvador evidencia na problemática construtiva a conexão com os vários aspectos do caráter rudimentar dos meios à disposição. A arquitetura, a concepção urbana e os retábulos das igrejas são constitutivos da atuação de conceitos transferidos e adaptados, porém, interligados pela necessidade de fixar no novo território d\'além mar a sede de um programa só realizável com o aperfeiçoamento técnico, quando não com a transferência do próprio material como a pedra lavrada a compor fachadas e portadas. Numerosos artesãos portugueses se transferiram para o Brasil. No ambiente franciscano instituiu-se uma verdadeira escola de realizadores, inclusive itinerante, para atender à demanda da Ordem particularmente no Nordeste. Entre os jesuítas, muitos dos artistas responsáveis pela igreja do Colégio, em Salvador, aprenderam o ofício na Companhia. Aprendizado este que teve porém como ponto de partida, necessariamente, a mão-de-obra importada e a contribuição fundamental de especialistas vindos do reino. No campo de atuação laica conclui-se que na Península Ibérica se reflete a valorização do artista pré-anunciada por Cennino Cennini e depois teorizada nos tratados de Leon Battista Alberti e Leonardo da Vinci, IX ganhando ulterior impulso na disputa sobre o \"Primado\" das artes. Mas, o artista fazendo parte de uma elite, nunca pôde prescindir dos \"oficiais mecânicos\" quando do \"conceito\" se passa à fase executiva. Permanece- lhes vinculado o universo da execução técnica. Os preceitos estabelecidos pela Contra-Reforma, tornam-se determinantes na mentalidade que orienta a criação artística; têm continuidade nos seus exegetas e encontram aplicação rigorosa nas \"Constituições Primeiras do Arcebispado da Bahia\". Enquanto que toda a formação da consciência construtiva tem por referência direta as concepções teóricas dos tratadistas cuja incidência revela-se determinante em todo o longo período analisado, justificando muitos dos aspectos da arquitetura e da talha barroca. A partir de indicações bibliográficas contidas na \"Literatura Artística\", obra de Julius von Schlosser Magnino, buscamos fornecer um quadro da repercussão a partir do século XVI das \"Medidas do Romano\" de Diego de Sagredo. O qual com uma série de normas não encontradas nos textos em geral e nem evidenciadas pelas ruínas, quer na Itália quer na Península Ibérica, organizou um tratado de grande difusão sobretudo entre os oficiais mecânicos. Publicada em sua primeira edição em Toledo, 1526, a obra que, conforme o seu título completo já o indica, pretende ser útil \"aos que querem acompanhar as formações das bases, colunas, capitéis e outras peças dos edifícios antigos\" - o tratado de Sagredo seria, conforme concluímos, produto da vontade de vir em socorro a um mundo artesanal perplexo, necessitando-se daquele vínculo com a arquitetura clássica que agora se articulava diversamente, inovando o vocabulário. Os altares do ambiente barroco, muitas vezes, são altares de transição, portanto, a explicação morfológica a eles referente não se enquadra em um esquema formal pré-determinado na sucessão dos estilos, conforme procuramos demonstrar. Escolhemos nos ocupar em primeiro lugar dos retábulos da atual Catedral da Sé, antiga igreja do Colégio dos Jesuítas, que documentam a evolução acontecida no referido contexto. Assim como os principais retábulos da igreja conventual de São Francisco nos indicam a contribuição franciscana e a Basílica da Conceição da Praia por ser uma igreja paroquial, representa o ambiente laico das irmandades religiosas. Destacando alguns tópicos da morfologia do retábulo em Salvador, podemos referir: - o conhecimento dos percursos evolutivos formais e dos trâmites de adesão a novo estilo; - os jesuítas e a evolução da arte da talha luso-brasileira; - os exemplares do maneirismo, ressaltando traços diferenciadores que assinalam a autonomia do retábulo; - o maneirismo de decoração geométrica e o de decoração naturalística; - o altar-mor de transição ao barroco e a passagem ao estilo nacional português nos altares laterais; - a estrutura arquitetônica contrareformista de espaço unitário e a inserção de altares barrocos; - o altar joanino e a influência do barroco italiano; - a \"igreja toda de ouro\" e a conciliação das diferentes fases do barroco; - a demonstração do estilo joanino e do retábulo joanino baiano. / This thesis is based on the international context at a cognitive level, in which the History of the Brazilian Art was developed in the first centuries, under the influence of the Portugueses. It tries to identify the displaced interactive territorial process, but, due to the local contingency arrangements, new interpretations and adaptations became feasible. Starting from the 16th century, the artistic practice became increasingly stable in Colonial-Brazil, following the itinerary that found in the mentality and in the post-Renaissance man\'s knowledge the basis that would guide the centuries immediately on. Therefore, the Catholic Reform reflected the system ability, as it had become essential to social organization that, beginning from the link with the preexistent culture from the medieval period to the Renaissance, instituted the parameters that the renewed factors asked for. A model of society of Metaphysical-theological connotation was established, because of its hierarchic consequence, where the religious cult combined several aspects of its structure. In that respect we characterize the close relation between the \"ecclesia\" and the \"civitas\" due to the fact that the church and the city coordinated in substantially unitary way the diverse opposed regions of interest that by this reason become inseparable. The foundation of the City of Salvador, head of Brazil, represents a unique opportunity towards the understanding of a planned, accomplished context as a bridge connecting lands entirely strange to each other at that time. Thus, the first chapters look at the guidelines of the existing links between the \"ecclesia\" and the \"civitas\", in which technical matureness situates and reveals its means of to make something, always considering XII the sphere that this research aims: the determining factors of the altarpiece - the product of a religiousness already outlined in the time. In connection with the Portuguese State, the Church takes over besides that one the function of driving force element, concentrating on itself, with great magnitude and successive accomplished constructions, the materialization of the urban outline already conceived. Thus, it set an incentive scheme for professionalizing formation with the outstanding importance that the construction and decoration of the temples assumes. The theoretical-practical and religious thought formed an unitary corpus from the capacity resulting from the metropolis. The execution of the foundation project of the City of Salvador substantiates in the constructive problem the connection with the several aspects of the rudimentary character of the available means. The architecture, the urban conception and the altarpieces of the churches are constitutive of absorbed and adapted ideas, but they are linked together by the necessity to establish in the new overseas territory the headquarters of a scheme only achievable with the help of technical improvement, or with the transference of materials, like the wrought stone that would compound facades and portals. Many Portuguese artisans were transferred to Brazil. In the Franciscan ambience a real achiever school was created, also itinerant, to assist to the demand of the Order, particularly in the Northeast. Among the Jesuits, many of the artists in charge of the church of the School, in Salvador, learned their skillfulness in the Company. However, this learning had as starting point the imported workmanship and the fundamental contribution of specialists coming from the kingdom. In the sphere of the secular performance, we conclude that in the Iberian Peninsula highlights the valuation of the artist, later theorized in treatises by Leon Battista Alberti and Leonardo da Vinci, acquiring further impetus in the subject concerning the \"pre-eminence\" of the arts. But, XIII the artist being part of an elite, could never to do their work without the \"operative officials\" when one goes from the \"concept\" to the executive phase. The universe of the technical execution remains the same. The commandments stated by the Counter-Reformation became crucial in the mentality that guides the artistic creation; they have been continued with the exegetists and find out strict application in the \"First Constitutions of the Archbishopric of Bahia\". While all the formation of the constructive conscience has for direct reference the theoretical conceptions of the authors whose incidence it is decisive in the whole long analyzed period, justifying many of the aspects of the architecture and of the Baroque carving. Starting from bibliographical entries contained in \"Artistic Literature\", by Julius von Schlosser Magnino, we have been trying to provide a picture of the repercussion, from the XVI century, of the \"Measures of the Roman\", by Diego de Sagredo. With a series of norms not found in general in the texts nor evidenced by the ruins, in Italy as well as in the Iberian Peninsula, he arranged an outstanding treatise particularly among the mechanical officials. First published in Toledo, 1526, the work, as its full title already indicates, intends to be useful \"to anyone who wants to follow the formations of the bases, columns, capitels and other pieces of the old buildings\" - the norms of Sagredo would be, as we deduced, a help to the perplexed handmade world, that needs a link with the classic architecture that now diversely was articulated, innovating the vocabulary. Frequently the altars of the Baroque ambience are transition altars, therefore the morphologic explanation for such thing can not be fitted in a formal, predetermined outline in the succession of styles, as we tried to demonstrate. First, we chose deal with the altarpieces of the current Cathedral of the Sé, the old church of the School of the Jesuits, that documents the XIV evolution happened in the referred context. Thus, as the main altarpieces of the conventual church of San Francisco indicates, the Franciscan contribution and the Conceição of the Beach Church, for being a parochial church, represent the secular atmosphere of the religious fraternities. Here are some topics of the morphology of the altarpiece in Salvador: o the knowledge of the formal evolutionary courses and the adhesion procedures to new style; o the Jesuits and the evolution of the Portuguese-Brazilian carving art; o the mannerism pieces, standing out differentiating lines that mark the autonomy of the altarpiece; o the mannerism of geometric decoration and the one of naturaristic decoration; o the high altar of transition to the Baroque and the passage to the Portuguese national style in the lateral altars; o the counter-reformist architectural structure of unitary space and the inset of Baroque altars; o the King John altar and the influence of the Italian Baroque; o the \"whole gold church \" and the conciliation of the different phases of the Baroque; o the demonstration of the King John style and the King John altarpiece of Bahia.

Orientador: Jorge Sidney Coli Junior / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-25T02:53:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Barrantes_PaulaElizabethdeMaria_M.pdf: 24161820 bytes, checksum: 91cfc0e63d87ec1bc11e9539072250a2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: A Catedral de Campinas é um templo com múltiplos usos e em seu espaço abriga o Museu Arquidiocesano de Campinas e o Museu da Irmandade do Santíssimo Sacramento. Tanto a Catedral como ambos os museus apresentam vários problemas relacionados à identificação de seu acervo, sendo a grande maioria das obras com procedência desconhecida. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi o de catalogar o acervo da Catedral Metropolitana Nossa Senhora da Conceição de Campinas, de 1840 à 1923, abrangendo imagens sacras, pinturas, detalhes arquitetônicos e a obra de talha. Foi possível rastrear e catalogar todo o acervo através de documentos primários e comparações iconográficas. Percebeu-se que, quanto à catalogação de imagens, a correta amplitude da pesquisa deveria partir de 1774 à 1923, uma vez que enquanto a Matriz Nova era construída, formava-se o acervo de imagens na Matriz Velha, mas com a consciência exata de que o acervo seria passado à nova matriz após sua inauguração. Foi possível também descobrir a autoria e o histórico das pinturas originais presentes na inauguração do templo em 1883, bem como descobrir o histórico e a autoria dos evangelistas e apóstolos da fachada, informações inéditas até o momento. Foram desvendadas a origem das estátuas externas do templo e a pesquisa em fontes primárias inéditas possibilitou encontrar equívocos na descrição do atual catálogo do acervo. A pesquisa da obra de talha, encontrou informações que fazem possível hoje, atribuir à quatro entalhadores o conjunto total da talha: Vitoriano dos Anjos, Bernardino de Sena, Raffaelo de Rosa e Marino Del Favero, os dois últimos italianos. Também foi possível atribuir obras a cada um, cuja autoria, até o momento, era desconhecida. Em sua abrangência, a pesquisa possibilitou desvendar o histórico das fachadas do templo e elucidar diversos acontecimentos como os acidentes durante o período de construção, os arquitetos participantes bem como suas contribuições ao templo, sistemas construtivos e materiais utilizados. Dentro ainda da arquitetura, também descobriu-se todos os elementos modificados e construídos na reforma de 1923. Além do catálogo das obras e da arquitetura, como complemento, foi criado um dicionário de todos os artistas que participaram do acervo, com informações biográficas. Esta catalogação deve servir então à duas propostas, como fonte de pesquisa acadêmica e como utilidade prática no uso diário do acervo. Como conclusão, percebe-se que a história da construção do templo e do acervo é muito mais rica, cheia de detalhes e acontecimentos do que até então se conhecia, fazendo desta pesquisa uma referencia para futuros trabalhos relacionados ao seu acervo e sua história / Abstract: The Catedral Metropolitana de Campinas is a religious temple that houses the Museu Arquediocesano de Campinas and the Museu da Irmandade do Santíssimo Sacramento. Both museums and the Cathedral, present several problems regarding the correct identification of its art collection, with most of the art work of unknown origin. The objective of this research was to catalog the collection of the Catedral Metropolitana Nossa Senhora da Conceição de Campinas from 1840 to 1923. The collection includes sacred images, paintings, architectural details and carving works. This research made possible to trace and catalog the entire collection of the period thru analysis of primary documents and iconographic comparison. Regarding the image collection, the real amplitude of the research should comprehend the period from 1774 to 1923. As the New Church was being built, the collection of images was being formed at the Old Church, but with the certain that the collection would be transferred to the new site after its inauguration. It was also possible to discover the authorship and the history of the original paintings present at the inauguration of the temple in 1883, as well as the authorship and history of the Evangelists and Apostles statues at the façade. The origin of the external statues of the temple was unveiled and the research on unprecedented primary sources made possible to find misconceptions at the description of the current catalog of the collection. The research of the carving works revealed information that contributed to attribute four woodworkers to the whole carving work at the church: Vitoriano dos Anjos, Bernardino de Sena, Raffaelo de Rosa and Marino Del Favero, the last two Italians. It was also possible to attribute to each one, other artworks, which the authorship was unknown until now. Due to the wide scope of the research, it was possible to unveil the history of the façade construction and to elucidate many of the related events such as the accidents, the architects and their contribution on the project and construction of the temple as well as constructive systems and used materials. Still in the architecture scope, it was disclosed all the modified and built elements at the renovation in 1923. Aside the catalog of the collection, as a complement, it was created a dictionary of all the participating artists of the collection with bio info. The cataloging of the collection intend to attend two distinct proposes, as an academic resource and as a daily reference for the museums. In order to come to a conclusion, one can easily realize that the history of the construction of the temple and the gathering of its collection is far richer than could be imagined making this research a starting point and a solid anchor for future researches / Mestrado / Historia da Arte / Mestra em História

Dans une démarche scientifique liant la tradition et l'innovation, cette recherche s'inscrit dans la continuité historique, tout d'abord celle de l'histoire culturelle, du patrimoine, initiée par les premiers travaux portant sur les politiques patrimoniales et les administrations responsables: le Conseil supérieur des Beaux-arts et la thèse de Marie-Claude Genet-Delacroix, l'institution des musées et la patrimonialisation étudiées par Dominique Poulot, puis dans la continuité de l'histoire générale de la restauration, avec les travaux de Jean-Michel Léniaud portant sur le service des Edifices diocésains et des cathédrales, et l'ouvrage de Françoise Bercé traitant des Monuments historiques; et l'innovation en abordant dans ces travaux la question de la restauration à l'œuvre dans une étude comparée des trois chantiers des cathédrales gothiques Notre-Dame de Reims, Notre-Dame de Laon et Notre-Dame de Paris de 1789 à 1914. Au carrefour entre de l'histoire religieuse, de l'histoire de l'art et de l'histoire politique, cette thèse porte sur la restauration monumentale en tant que concept politique, administratif, technique et esthétique, appliqué à tous les monuments anciens, dont les cathédrales gothiques : mais du concept à sa réalisation concrète s'interposent nombre d'actions, de professionnels (maîtres d'œuvres et maîtres d'ouvrages) et interviennent nombre d'obstacles et de facteurs qui en diversifient l'application et la mise en œuvre. Cette étude est une analyse comparée des conditions, des programmes, des modalités et des techniques déployés au XIXe siècle dans les chantiers de ces trois cathédrales. / The scientific approach conducting the present piece of research combines both tradition and innovation; historical continuity on one hand – first of heritage and cultural history – initiated by the first studies on heritage policies and responsible administrations: the “Conseil supérieur des Beaux-arts” and Marie-Claude Genet-Delacroix's thesis, the early museums and the associated heritage effect studied by Dominique Poulot, then continuity of a general history of restoration and the Jean-Michel Léniaud's papers on the “service des Edifices diocésains” and cathedrals, and Françoise Bercé's book on the “Monuments historiques”; innovation on the other hand by focusing here on the question of restoration at work in a comparative study of three gothic cathedrals work sites – Our Lady of Rheims, Our Lady of Laon and Our Lady of Paris – from 1789 to 1914. Intersecting religious history, art history and political history, this research deals with monumental restoration as a political, administrative, technical and aesthetical concept and its application to every ancient monument including gothic cathedrals: but from a concept to its tangible realisation lie numerous actions and professionals (contractors and owners) as well as numerous hindrances and factors that diversify its application and implementation. This study is a comparative analysis of the conditions, programs, modes and technics employed during the 19th century on the three restoration sites.

Doctorat en philosophie et lettres / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Cette thèse de doctorat porte sur le chapitre cathédral de Barcelone et ses membres à la fin du XVe siècle. L'étude d'un tel établissement permet d'observer un acteur urbain majeur : le haut clergé séculier d’une cité tardo-médiévale. Au-delà de leurs attributions religieuses, évêques et chanoines se révèlent étroitement impliqués dans la destinée de la cité. Leurs fonctions leur octroient des terres, ce qui fait d'eux d'importants seigneurs fonciers dans la ville et ses abords. Le canonicat leur donne accès au « bras ecclésiastique » des institutions politiques de la Couronne d’Aragon telles que la Diputació del General et les Corts. Enfin, leurs origines sociales les insèrent dans les réseaux de relations personnelles qui structurent l'oligarchie urbaine : ils font pleinement partie de l'élite dirigeante barcelonaise tout en y occupant une place bien spécifique, du fait de leur appartenance à l’Église. Cette situation particulière les place à la jonction de réseaux de pouvoir, quelquefois antagonistes et quelquefois alliés : ceux de l’Église, ceux de l’élite politique municipale, ceux des groupes familiaux constituant l’oligarchie. Au sortir de la guerre civile catalane de 1462-1472, Barcelone, principale ville de Catalogne, connaît de profondes transformations socio-politiques, avec la formalisation du patriciat par l’établissement d’une « matricule », l’accès de la noblesse au gouvernement municipal et les opérations de redressement économique de la cité après les difficultés de la guerre. L’étude montre que le chapitre cathédral, pleinement intégré à l’élite dirigeante de la ville, est amené à jouer un rôle réel dans la vie publique de la cité en pleine mutation. / This PhD thesis analyses the cathedral chapter of Barcelona and its members at the end of the 15th century. This institution proves to be a major urban actor. Beyond their religious powers, bishops and canons proved to be closely involved in the history of Barcelona. Their functions grant them lands, which turn them into important landlords in the city and its surroundings. The canonicate gives them access to the "ecclesiastical arm" of the Crown of Aragon’s political institutions such as the Diputació del General de Catalunya and the Corts. Their social origins integrate them into the networks of personal relations that structure the urban oligarchy: they are fully part of the ruling elite of Barcelona and they occupy a very specific place there, because of their belonging to the Church. This situation places them at the junction of power networks, sometimes antagonistic and sometimes allied: those of the Church, those of the municipal political elite, and those of the family groups constituting the oligarchy. At the end of the Catalan Civil War of 1462-1472, Barcelona, main city of Catalonia, undergoes profound socio-political transformations: an official list of the patricians is established, the municipal government opens to the nobility and undertakes several economic recovery measures after the disturbances caused by the war. The study shows that the cathedral chapter, fully integrated with the ruling elite of the city, has to play a real role in the public life of the city during this period.

Robert Thornton of East Newton, Yorkshire (c.1367-c.1465) is the most important scribe of late-medieval England: the only amateur scribe we know to be responsible for the concurrent production of multiple manuscript anthologies. This project constitutes the first extended study devoted exclusively to Robert Thornton and his books that treats them both as independent and as in conversation with each other. By uniting the concerns of codicology and cultural history, we can gain new insights into the effect of each manuscript’s textual sequences while also considering the effect of the distribution of texts among both manuscripts. Moreover, by examining Thornton’s romances in their original material and social contexts, we can read them as they would have been encountered by Thornton and his intended readers, and gain insight into the social and cultural anxieties that may have led to their organization and distribution among his two books. Chapter 1 compares Thornton’s compilations to those of analogous manuscripts, and demonstrates that Thornton took a more active role than most contemporary compilers did in rearranging and editing his texts in order to emphasize shared themes and interests within his books. Chapters 2 and 3 of this dissertation examine the nature of each of Thornton’s manuscripts in turn. Chapter 2 demonstrates that Lincoln Cathedral Library MS 91 is a book meant to be used in the maintenance of social, spiritual, and physical health, written to be a useful tool for as wide a range of people as possible. Chapter 3 demonstrates that British Library MS Additional 31042 is a history book that traces the development of Christian civilization from its beginnings in the Holy Land to its present form in Thornton’s England. This dissertation then assesses Thornton’s whole library. Chapter 4 examines the literary contexts of Thornton’s romances, demonstrating that they are divided into thematic groups that emphasise conflict between the interests of individuals and the interests of the individual and communal identities with which they associate. Chapter 5 examines the social context of Thornton’s romances, demonstrating that Thornton employs the discourse of English nationalism produced during the Council of Constance (1414-1418), and that he therefore distributed his romances in order to emphasize England’s superiority to France.

This abstract is for the thesis on the Cathedral of Hope (CoH). The CoH is currently the largest church in the world with a predominantly gay and lesbian congregation. This work tells the history of the church which is located in Dallas, Texas. The thesis employs over 48 sources to help tell the church's rich history which includes a progressive Christian philosophy, an important contribution to the fight for gay civil rights, and fine examples of courage through social activism. This work makes a contribution to gay history as well as civil rights history. It also adds to the cultural and social history which concentrates on the South and Southwestern regions of the United States.

This project focuses on an ideal solution for restoring the roof of Notre-Dame in Paris, which burned down together with its spire on April 15, 2019. The main motive behind the design was to create a quiet space that will serve as a memorial of the fire and reflect the unity of the society that contributed to the rebuilding found. The primary step of the whole reconstruction is to find an adequate way of renewal and its ethical boundaries. Main attention is focused on the roof and on the spire of the cathedral. As a tribute to medieval builders who consecrated their lives into this magnificent piece of work. The exterior of the new design has the same silhouettes and proportions that it has got eight centuries ago, but with a touch of a modern day aesthetics. When designing the interior of the roof, it was really important to maintain a clear representation of Gothic architecture – the balance between darkness and light. The space is divided into two parts. The first part represents darkness, as an obstacle, which each of us has to overcome. The second part is full of natural light that seems to tear the roof of the cathedral and illuminates the entire space inside. At the heart of the design is a gem that matters the most, life. The spire of the cathedral is designed with four pillars that symbolize the connection of mind-spirit-body with physical world The idea of the spire reflects these seemingly different things, but together they unite into one piece.

The master's thesis deals with famous Notre-Dame de Paris, which was destroyed by fire in 2019. The work focuses specifically on the design of completion of the construction. The cathedral is situated in the historical centre of Paris on the Île de la Cité. A lot of damage was caused to the building after the devastating fire on 15 April 2019. The aim of the thesis was to create a spiritual place that would maintain its past, but at the same time manage to follow ecological solutions in the present. The new design of the attic creates a sacred place, in which we realize the importance of faith and the peace of God. The cathedral is open to the general public ? religious people from all over the world come here to experience the love, joy and happiness that the cathedral invokes. The whole attic can be described as an open space, which symbolizes infinity or immortality from the religious point of view. It represents the connection of the past, present and future. The space is designed to hold priestly celebrations and to be open for the public. It can also be used for various events, such as exhibitions of sculptures that survived the fire.

La Catedral del Criollismo es una crónica que nos invita a conocer las historias de jaranistas de la Guardia Vieja, quienes reclaman ser oídos por ser parte importante de la peruanidad. Breña es el distrito que acoge a La Catedral del Criollismo, una fortaleza que se resiste al paso del tiempo, donde se reúnen amantes de la jarana de todas partes de Lima. Es gracias a un grupo de viejos criollos que reviven las voces de Felipe Pinglo, Pablo Casas, Manuel Acosta Ojeda, Las Limeñitas y los hermanos Áscuez, por mencionar algunos cantantes y compositores de antaño; y que salvaguardan expresiones musicales de la costa del Perú cada viernes por la noche. Este primer libro de Luis Cáceres Álvarez está lleno de episodios, versos y canciones que demuestran que el criollismo sigue sonando y es escuchado en una ciudad que se abre paso al siglo XXI.