Η ανάπτυξη του δικτύου καταστημάτων μιας εμπορικής επιχείρησης είναι πολύ κρίσιμη για την κερδοφορία της επιχείρησης. Η γεωγραφική θέση του καταστήματος και η σημαντικότητα αυτής μπορεί να επιβεβαιωθεί από τις μεγάλες διαφορές στον κύκλο εργασιών των καταστημάτων της ίδιας εμπορικής αλυσίδας. Η μεθοδολογία που θα παρουσιαστεί παρακάτω είναι από τις πιο διαδεδομένες στις διεθνείς αγορές , η οποία και έχει εφαρμοστεί σε τομείς όπως: τράπεζες στο χώρο του corporate και private banking, εμπορικές επιχειρήσεις στο χώρο των super markets, των ηλεκτρικών και ηλεκτρονικών ειδών, στο χώρο της εστίασης και της ένδυσης καθώς και στο χώρο των τηλεπικοινωνιών. Μέχρι τώρα, η επίλυση του προβλήματος βέλτιστης τοποθεσίας για την εγκατάσταση τραπεζικών καταστημάτων βασιζόταν σε εμπειρικές κυρίως μελέτες. Οι μελέτες αυτές δεν χρησιμοποιούσαν όμως ποσοτικοποιημένες μεθόδους και δεν υπήρχε ακρίβεια στα αποτελέσματα. Στην παρακάτω μελέτη, γίνεται διαχωρισμός του κύριου προβλήματος σε μικρότερα προβλήματα έτσι ώστε τα αποτελέσματα που θα προκύψουν να είναι ακριβέστερα και με μεγαλύτερη λεπτομέρεια. Με τον τρόπο αυτό, υπάρχει η δυνατότητα να μελετηθούν και να αναλυθούν όλες οι επί μέρους παράμετροι και τα δεδομένα κάθε μικρότερου υποπροβλήματος. Έτσι, ορθολογικοποιείται η διαδικασία λήψης αποφάσεων, δίνοντας ακριβή αποτελέσματα τα οποία δεν είναι μόνο χρήσιμα για τη λήψης μιας απόφασης του παρόντος αλλά και για μελλοντικές αποφάσεις. Ένα ακόμα νέο δεδομένο που εισάγει η παρακάτω μελέτη στην επίλυση τέτοιων προβλημάτων είναι η αιτιολόγηση των βαθμολογιών που δίνονται από τον ερευνητή στα κριτήρια και στις εναλλακτικές. Αυτό επιτυγχάνεται με τη σύγκριση μεταξύ των τιμών των μετρήσιμων μεγεθών των εναλλακτικών. Για τα μη μετρήσιμα μεγέθη, γίνεται αιτιολόγηση της βαθμολόγησης με βάση ποιοτικά δεδομένα. Η μεθοδολογία που ακολουθείται είναι πλήρως εμπεριστατωμένη και ποσοτικοποιημένη κάνοντας χρήση ενδεδειγμένων τεχνικών ανάλυσης. Ακόμα, προσφέρει καλύτερη γνώση στους επιχειρηματίες για την αγορά στην οποία δραστηριοποιούνται. Αναφέρεται στην απεικόνιση, ανάλυση και αναγνώριση τοποθεσιών-αγορών βάσει γεωγραφικών, οικονομικών και δημογραφικών κριτηρίων με απώτερο στόχο την βέλτιστη χωροθέτηση καταστημάτων μιας επιχείρησης. / -

Η παρούσα εργασία σκοπεύει στην παρουσίαση και ανάλυση μιας μεθόδου Λήψης Αποφάσεων η οποία διαχειρίζεται αποφάσεις πολυσταδιακές ως προς τα κριτήρια. Πρόκειται για αποφάσεις οι οποίες έχουν συγκεκριμένες εναλλακτικές επιλογές και πολλαπλά κριτήρια. Αποφάσεις σαν αυτές συνδέονται με κάθε επιστημονικό κλάδο αλλά τις συναντάμε και στην καθημερινότητα μας, γεγονός που καθιστά τον αποτελεσματικό χειρισμό τους σημαντικό. Η μέθοδος με την οποία θα ασχοληθούμε ονομάζεται Αναλυτική Ιεραρχική Διαδικασία (Analytic Hierarchy Process – AHP), δημιουργός της είναι ο Thomas L. Saaty και χρονολογείται μέσα στην δεκαετία του 1970. Η AHP βασίζεται στις σχετικές συγκρίσεις ανάμεσα στους παράγοντες που προσδιορίζουν την εκάστοτε απόφαση. Οι συγκρίσεις πραγματοποιούνται με κοινή βάση την θεμελιώδη κλίμακα του Saaty. Στο πρώτο κεφάλαιο όπου παρουσιάζεται το θεωρητικό υπόβαθρο της μεθόδου, θα δούμε ότι με τον τρόπο αυτό η AHP καθιστά τα πάντα μετρήσιμα. Σκοπός είναι μέσω της ιεραρχική δόμησης του προβλήματος να προσδιοριστεί η καλύτερη από τις εναλλακτικές. Η AHP προσεγγίζει με απλότητα την πολυπλοκότητα των αποφάσεων, γεγονός που κάνει την εννοιολογικά απλή προσέγγιση της μεθόδου εξαιρετικά ισχυρή. Στην πορεία της εργασίας θα παρουσιάσουμε το μαθηματικό υπόβαθρο της μεθόδου μέσα από την αξιωματική θεμελίωση όπως δόθηκε από τον Thomas L. Saaty. Τέλος, θα αναλύσουμε προβλήματα επιλογής τοποθεσίας σε διεθνές επίπεδο και θα ολοκληρώσουμε με την υλοποίηση ενός τέτοιου προβλήματος στο Expert Choice. / This paper intends to present and analyze a method of multi-criteria decision making. In these decisions the alternatives have been predetermined and there are multiple criteria affecting them. Decisions like these are linked with many areas of science, but there are in everyone’s daily lives too, fact that makes the effective handling really important. The present study is been dealing with a method called Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), invented by Thomas L. Saaty in seventies. The AHP is based on pairwise comparisons among the factors that determine the decision. The Saaty’s fundamental scale of absolute numbers is used in making paired comparison judgments. In the first chapter of the study where the theoretical base of the method is represented, will be seen that AHP with the relative comparisons makes everything measurable. AHP intends through hierarchical structuring of the problem to determine the best of the alternatives. The AHP approach with simplicity to the complexity of decisions makes the method conceptually simple and extremely powerful. Later in this paper will be presented the mathematical background of the method through the axiomatic foundation as given by Thomas L. Saaty. Finally, will be dealt with problems of location selection decisions in international operations and the paper will be completed with the implementation of such a problem in Expert Choice.

Thesis (MScEng)--Stellenbosch University 2012 / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Reverse engineering (RE) has emerged as an important tool in the design stages of a product. The demand for better performance of hardware and software has spawned many different technologies that fall under RE. The diversity of technologies is linked to the different application areas of industry. It is critical to understand what the exact capability of each individual technology is, in order to choose the appropriate RE system. The objective of this study is to develop capability profiles of different RE technologies available, such as: Coordinate Measuring Machine, Articulated Arm (Cimcore), Non-contact scanner (GOM), and contact scanner (Renishaw). To achieve the objective, the different characteristics of each technology are measured and quantified. A capability profile can be regarded as defined criteria that represent the performance of a RE technology and in this study, is defined by quantifying the following characteristics:  Accuracy  Repeatability  Speed of Measurement  Work Envelope  User-friendliness. The significance of developing these capability profiles is so that they may be compared to one another. This is important, especially for the accuracy criterion, as each technology is manufactured by a different company, making an acceptable accuracy comparison amongst the different technologies impossible. The study also suggests an evaluation tool which will help a decision maker choose the appropriate technology for a specified objective. Guidelines are also given to potential end users of RE technologies on how they should go about acquiring the right system. On a more general level, the study contributes to research in recent trends, in the RE industry in terms of application, hardware, software and the selection of RE systems. By developing these capability profiles, the study aims to contribute to its value in academia, as well as for industry partners and potential RE end-users. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: RE het ontwikkel as n belangrike hulpmiddel in die ontwerp fase van ‘n produk. Die aanvraag na beter prestasie van hardeware en sagteware het gelei tot die ontwikkeling van baie verskillende tegnologie. Die diversiteit van die tegnologie gaan hand aan hand met die verskillende toepassings areas in die industrie. Dit is belangrik om die spesifieke eienskappe van elke individuele tegnologie te verstaan om die regte RE sisteem te kies. The doel van hierdie studie is om die vermoë profiele van die verskillende beskikbare RE tegnologie te ontwerp: Coordinate Measuring Machine, Articulated Arm (Cimcore), nie-kontak skandeerder (GOM) en kontak skandeerder (Renishaw). Die verskillende eienskappe van elke tegnologie word gemeet en gekwantifiseer. ‘n Vermoë profiel kan gesien word as ‘n vaste kriteria wat die prestasie van die RE tegnologie verteenwoordig en in hierdie studie word dit gedefinieer deur die volgende eienskappe:  Akkuraatheid  Herhaalbaarheid  Spoed van meeting  Meet volume  Gebruikers-vriendelikheid Die relevansie van die ontwikkeling van hierdie vermoë profiele is dat dit wedersyds vergelyk kan word. Dit is belangrik, spesifiek vir die akkuraatheids kriteria, omdat elke tegnologie by ‘n verskillende maatskappy vervaardig word. ‘n Aanvaarbare akkuraatsheid vergelyking onder die verskillende tegnologie is dus onmoontlik. Die studie stel ook ‘n evaluasie hulpmiddel voor wat die besluitnemer sal lei om die mees toepaslike tegnologie te kies vir die spesiefieke doeleindes. Verder word riglyne aan die potensiele gebruikers van RE tegnologie gegee oor hoe om te werk te gaan om die regte sisteem te kies indien die tegnologie nie in besit is nie. Op ‘n meer algemene vlak dra die studie tot navorsing by deur die nuutste tendense in toepassing, hardeware, sagteware en die keuse van RE sisteme in die RE industrie te beskryf. Deur hierdie vermoë profile te ontwikkel beoog die studie om waarde toe te voeg aan die akademie, vennote in die industrie en potensiele RE gebruikers.

The transition of emphasis in business competition from a technology-led age to a market-oriented era has led to a rapid shift from the conventional "economy of scale" towards the "economy of scope" in contemporary manufacturing. Hence, it is necessary and essential to be able to respond to the dynamic market and customer requirements systematically and consistently. The central theme of this research is to rationalise and improve the conventional means of analysing and interpreting the linguistic and often imprecise customer requirements in order to identify the essential product features and determine their appropriate design targets dynamically and quantitatively through a series of well proven methodologies and techniques. The major objectives of this research are: a) To put forward a hybrid approach for decoding and processing the Voice of Customer (VoC) in order to interpret the specific customer requirements and market demands into definitive product design features, and b) To quantify the essential product design features with the appropriate technical target values for facilitating the downstream planning and control activities in delivering the products or services. These objectives would be accomplished through activities as follows: • Investigating and understanding the fundamental nature and variability of customer attributes (requirements); • Surveying and evaluating the contemporary approaches in handling customer attributes; • Proposing an original and generic hybrid model for categorising, prioritising and interpreting specific customer attributes into the relevant product attributes with tangible target values; • Developing a software system to facilitate the implementation of the proposed model; • Demonstrating the functions of the hybrid model through a practical case study. This research programme begins with a thorough overview of the roles, the changing emphasis and the dynamic characteristics of the contemporary customer demand with a view to gaining a better understanding on the fundamental nature and variability of customer attributes. It is followed by a review of a number of well proven tools and techniques including QFD, HoQ, Affinity Diagram and AHP etc. on their applicability and effectiveness in organising, analysing and responding to dynamic customer requirements. Finally, an intelligent hybrid model amalgamating a variety of these techniques and a fuzzy inference sub-system is proposed to handle the diverse, ever-changing and often imprecise VoC. The proposed hybrid model is subsequently demonstrated in a practical case study.

Medical records consist of a lot of data. Nevertheless, in today’s digitized society it is difficult for humans to convert data into information and recognize hidden patterns. Effective decision support tools can assist medical staff to reveal important information hidden in the vast amount of data and support their medical decisions. The objective of this thesis is to compare five machine learning algorithms for clinical diagnosis. The selected machine learning algorithms are C4.5, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine (SVM), k-Nearest Neighbor (kNN) and Naïve Bayes classifier. First, the machine learning algorithms are applied on three publicly available datasets. Next, the Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is applied to evaluate which algorithms are more suitable than others for medical diagnosis. Evaluation criteria are chosen with respect to typical clinical criteria and were narrowed down to five; sensitivity, specificity, positive predicted value, negative predicted value and interpretability. Given the results, Naïve Bayes and SVM are given the highest AHP-scores indicating they are more suitable than the other tested algorithm as clinical decision support. In most cases kNN performed the worst and also received the lowest AHP-score which makes it the least suitable algorithm as support for medical diagnosis.

Submitted by DANIELA POLIZELI TRAFICANTE null (danitrafi@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-07-20T20:56:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE_DANIELA_POLIZELI_TRAFICANTE_FINAL.pdf: 5700982 bytes, checksum: 574d95ef6bd8236d9455dd83084b731a (MD5) / Rejected by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br), reason: Solicitamos que realize uma nova submissão seguindo a orientação abaixo: O arquivo submetido não contém o certificado de aprovação. A versão submetida por você é considerada a versão final da dissertação/tese, portanto não poderá ocorrer qualquer alteração em seu conteúdo após a aprovação. Corrija esta informação e realize uma nova submissão contendo o arquivo correto. Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2016-07-22T19:17:12Z (GMT) / Submitted by DANIELA POLIZELI TRAFICANTE null (danitrafi@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-07-22T19:23:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE_DANIELA_POLIZELI_TRAFICANTE_FINAL.pdf: 5997602 bytes, checksum: ea9909299260c59527c5b837c91b4a69 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-07-22T19:45:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 traficante_dp_dr_bot.pdf: 5997602 bytes, checksum: ea9909299260c59527c5b837c91b4a69 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-22T19:45:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 traficante_dp_dr_bot.pdf: 5997602 bytes, checksum: ea9909299260c59527c5b837c91b4a69 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A intensificação do uso agrícola e pecuário desrespeitando a aptidão do solo bem como a inadequação do planejamento urbano, e os impactos da poluição difusa em áreas de alta vulnerabilidade natural tem ocasionado relevante mudança na dinâmica funcional de uma bacia hidrográfica, interferindo na qualidade hídrica dos mananciais superficiais e subterrâneos, demonstrando sua fragilidade mediante a exploração desordenada dos recursos naturais. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a fragilidade ambiental da APA Corumbataí-Botucatu-Tejupá (Perímetro Botucatu) na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Capivara inserida em área de afloramento do Sistema Aquífero Guarani adotou-se a metodologia baseada no uso de geotecnologias utilizando planos de informação como o uso da terra, solos, declividade e geologia, no intuito de atestar a hipótese se a bacia está protegida pela APA. Estes atributos foram combinados utilizando álgebra de mapas através da técnica da combinação linear ponderada em que cada um deles foi considerado um fator condicionante à fragilidade ambiental. A normalização dos fatores se deu através das classes de fragilidade com notas variando de um a cinco, de muito baixa à muito alta, respectivamente, e a determinação dos pesos pelo método do Processo Hierárquico Analítico. Os resultados indicaram que a BHRC apresentou altos índices de fragilidade, em 90,4% de sua área total, tendo o uso da terra ocupado pelas áreas de pastagens degradadas como o maior vetor de pressão para estes elevados índices. Somente 9,6% da área total da bacia foram classificadas com baixos índices de fragilidade onde estão as áreas com cobertura florestal (Floresta Estacional Semidecidual, Cerradão, transição Floresta Estacional Semidecidual/Cerradão, Cerrado, mata ciliares, eucalipto e as áreas de várzea) fragmentadas por toda a extensão da bacia. Estes índices acompanham a Zona de Conservação Hídrica 1, Zona de Conservação do Patrimônio Natural e a Zona Agrosilvopastoril da APA proporcionando alta fragilidade e aumentando a vulnerabilidade ao Sistema Aquífero Guarani em detrimento ao escoamento superficial provocado por processos erosivos. A análise da fragilidade ambiental representou um importante instrumento ao planejamento ambiental, pois identificaram-se vetores que fornecerão subsídios ao fortalecimento das delimitações propostas pelo plano de manejo da APA. De fato, a Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Capivara, em área de afloramento do Sistema Aquífero Guarani, não está protegida pela APA. Porém, o desafio sugere que lidar com instrumentos ecossistêmicos significa enfrentar inúmeros níveis de complexidade na análise integrada de uma bacia hidrográfica resultando em contribuições ambientais mais efetivas para o incremento da gestão de áreas protegidas e recursos hídricos. / The intensification of agricultural and livestock use disrespecting soil fitness and inadequate urban planning, and the impacts of diffuse pollution in high natural vulnerability areas has caused significant change in the functional dynamics of a watershed, affecting the water quality of surface and groundwater sources, showing its fragility by uncontrolled exploitation of natural resources. The aimed of this study was identify the environmental fragility of the protected area Corumbataí-Botucatu-Tejupá (Botucatu perimeter) in Capivara River Watershed inserted in the outcrop area of the Guarani Aquifer System adopted the methodology based on the geotechnologies using information layers as land use, soil, slope and geology, in order to test the hypothesis that this watershed is protected by the protected area. These attributes are combined using algebra maps through weighted linear combination technique in which each of them a conditioning factor to the environmental fragility. The standardization factors was given through the fragility classes with notes ranging from one to five, very low to very high, respectively, and the determination of weights by the Analytical Hierarchy Process method. The results indicated that the Capivara River Watershed showed high levels of fragility, in 90.4% of total area, and the land use occupied by degraded pastures as the greatest pressure vector for these high rates. Only 9.6% of the basin total area were classified as low fragility indices, which are the areas with forest cover (Semideciduous Forest, transition by Semideciduous Forest/ Savana Forest, Brazilian Savana, Riparian Forest, Eucalyptus Forest and Lowland Areas) fragmented throughout the basin. These indices follow the Hydric Conservation Zone 1, Natural Heritage Conservation Zone and the Agricultural Forestry and Pasture Zone of the protected area providing high fragility and increasing vulnerability to the Guarani Aquifer System over the runoff caused by erosion. The analysis of environmental fragility represented an important tool in environmental planning, as identified vectors that provide grants to strengthen the boundaries proposed by the protected area management plan. Indeed, the protected area does not protected the watershed. The challenge suggests that dealing with ecosystem instruments means facing many levels of complexity in the integrated analysis of a watershed resulting in effective environmental contributions to increase the management of protected areas and water resources.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-08T14:53:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 3641102 bytes, checksum: fde00bcf23cfe2eafbeb9674257e6ef0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-28 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The performance measurement is emphasized in the literature as an important feature to the supply chain management, because as it comes between a customers and suppliers relationship, it is essential a medium to evaluate if this relation is as expected. However, although to the performance measurement s significance is acknowledged and ratified, there are some difficulties on how to evaluate the performance on supply chains, especially in the service sector. Thereby, of the forms to evaluate the performance is through a performance measurement system that certifies with management models to supply chains. Accordingly, this work s goal is to propose a performance measurement system to assist in the supply chain management, with the application towards the service sector. To achieve such goal, this work adopts a quali-quantitative approach following these steps: 1) Conceptual theoretical structure s definition; 2) Choice of a focal company; 3) Mapping of current and beneath supply chains; 4) Performance indicators definition; 5) Performance metric s definition; 6) Verification of the significance of processes and metrics with AHP aid. Starting from these goals, the study proposes a performance measurement system based on the SCOR management model and it was applied in a company in the service sector and in a supplier. Starting from the conducted analysis it was found that the most important processes in decreasing order were: Source, Plan, Deliver, Make and Return. For the metrics, the most important were: perfect order fulfillment, stock cost, average answer time to a service request, deliveries carried without faults, and finally, customer complaint. Thereby, according to the seen results, it is possible to settle the most important metrics between the focal company and supplier, expecting the relationship s performance to be improved. / A avaliação de desempenho é destacada na literatura como fator importante para o gerenciamento da cadeia de suprimentos, pois como se trata de relacionamentos entre clientes e fornecedores, é necessário um meio para avaliar se esse relacionamento está conforme o esperado. No entanto, embora a importância da avaliação de desempenho seja reconhecida e ratificada, existem ainda dificuldades em como avaliar o desempenho em cadeias de suprimentos, em especial no setor de serviços. Para isso, uma das formas de se avaliar o desempenho é por meio de um sistema de medição de desempenho que corrobore com modelos de gestão para cadeia de suprimentos. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desse trabalho é propor um sistema de medição de desempenho que auxilie na gestão da cadeia de suprimentos, com uma aplicação voltada para o setor de serviços. Para atingir tal objetivo, o trabalho segue uma abordagem quali-quantitativa que primeiramente define uma estrutura conceitual teórica, posteriormente, seleciona uma empresa foco e realiza o mapeamento da cadeia de suprimentos imediata. A partir disto, houve a definição dos indicadores de desempenho e as métricas de desempenho. Por fim, para atingir os objetivos da pesquisa fez-se a verificação da importância dos processos e métricas, a nível operacional, com o auxílio do AHP. Assim, o estudo propõe um sistema de medição de desempenho, baseado no modelo de gestão SCOR e foi aplicado em uma empresa do setor de serviços e em uma fornecedora. De posse das análises realizadas constatou-se que os processos mais importantes em ordem decrescente foram: Abastecer, Planejar, Entregar, Fazer e Retornar. Já para as métricas, as mais importantes foram: cumprimento da ordem perfeita, custo de estoque, tempo médio de resposta a uma solicitação de serviços, entregas realizadas sem defeitos e por fim, reclamações dos clientes. De acordo com os resultados apresentados, foi possível estabelecer as métricas mais importantes entre a empresa foco e fornecedor, esperando-se que o desempenho dessa relação seja aprimorado.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:52:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaJMC.pdf: 1053924 bytes, checksum: 8219e827a78f7299f4d405dcd951ec89 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-10-24 / This master thesis has the objective of investigating the strategic decision criteria of participants of Local Production Arrangements (LPA) in Brazil. The LPA s are an initiative of support agents to enterprises with the purpose of organizing joint actions for the development of groups (clusters) of enterprises. The choice of the actions is a decision of the participating enterprises and this paper aims at applying a Multi-criteria Analysis Method to analyze the criteria of entrepreneurs that are participating of a LPA. The used method is the Process of Analytical Hierarchy (PAH) and an application is presented along with questionnaires to participants of a ceramic LPA in the northeast of Brazil. The main results show that, in first place, from the implicit strategy of each enterprise there is only one objective for the LPA group and so, at the beginning, an action decided by all of them tends to favor some more than others. In second place, it was observed that there are general inconsistencies between the strategic objectives and the importance as to criteria, even though there have been cases of coherency. As the main conclusion it is pointed that the use of Methods of MCDA is useful to improve the decision making process and to bring more transparency to the logic of the found results / Esta Tese de Mestrado tem por objetivo investigar os crit?rios de decis?o estrat?gica de participantes de arranjos produtivos locais (APL) no Brasil. Os APL?s s?o uma iniciativa de agentes de apoio a empresas no sentido de organizar a??es conjuntas para desenvolvimento de agrupamentos (clusters) de empresas. As escolhas das a??es ? uma decis?o das empresas participantes e este trabalho procura aplicar um m?todo de An?lise de Decis?o Multi-Crit?rios para analisar os crit?rios de empres?rios participantes em um APL. O m?todo utilizado ? o Processo de Hierarquia Anal?tica (AHP) e ? realizada uma aplica??o com question?rios aos participantes de um APL de cer?mica no Nordeste do Brasil. Os principais resultados mostram que, em primeiro lugar, decorrente da estrat?gia impl?cita de cada empresa n?o h? um ?nico objetivo para o APL e, portanto, a princ?pio, uma a??o decidida por todos tende a favorecer a uns mais que a outros. Em segundo lugar, observou-se que h? em geral inconsist?ncias entre os objetivos estrat?gicos e a import?ncia relativa dos crit?rios, embora tenha havido casos de coer?ncia. Como principal conclus?o aponta-se que o uso de m?todos de MCDA ? ?til para melhorar o processo de decis?o e trazer maior transpar?ncia da l?gica dos resultados encontrados

Orientadores: Carlos Roberto de Souza Filho, Jener Fernando de Morais Leite / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociencias / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-05T08:21:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Picolo_ConradoEugenioBorges_M.pdf: 3955298 bytes, checksum: cfe9d59f8c1d2f4be316895c7d4a394d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Resumo: A bacia do Rio Jundiaí Mirim, compreendida nos municípios de Jundiaí, Jarinu e Campo Limpo Paulista, embora seja considerada, na sua maior parte, como uma área de conservação ambiental, tem sido atingida por pressões antrópicas, incluindo ocupação desordenada, operações mineiras, práticas agrícolas inadequadas, desmatamento, entre outras. Cerca de 97% do abastecimento de água da cidade de Jundiaí, o principal pólo consumidor local, é captado dessa bacia. Apesar dessa situação preocupante do uso da terra na área da bacia, nenhum estudo consistente foi realizado até hoje sobre seu impacto potencial sobre o abastecimento de água na região. Nesse contexto, esta pesquisa teve como principal objetivo traçar uma metodologia de análise do risco a perda da capacidade hídrica da bacia do Rio Jundiaí Mirim em função da impermeabilização do solo ocasionada pela ação antrópica, relacionando características morfométricas da bacia à informações pedológicas e ocupacionais. Dois métodos básicos foram utilizados para integração e análise espacial dos dados: o Processo Analítico Hierárquico (PAR) (método dirigido pelo conhecimento) e a Regressão de Multivariáveis (RM) (método dirigido pelos dados). Mapas de favorabilidade da manutenção da capacidade hídrica da bacia foram gerados através do método PAR, retro-ajustado pelo método RM, para dois cenários: (i) ocupação atual da bacia e, (ü) ocupação máxima para manutenção da capacidade hídrica dos canais principais da bacia. A análise cruzada nem os mapas gerados para esses dois cenários permitiu a derivação do produto-alvo desse estudo: um mapa de classes de risco a perda da capacidade hídrica da bacia. Dez Cinco sub-bacias foram classificadas como de muito baixo e baixo risco a perda de suas capacidades hídricas. Segundo os critérios utilizados na análise e considerando as condições atuais de ocupação, a bacia do rio Jundiaí Mirim não apresenta áreas de alto risco quanto a sua capacidade de fornecer água para as cidades da região / Abstract: The Jundiai Mirim river watershed (JMRW) is comprised within the cities of Jundiaí, Jarinu and Campo Limpo Paulista. Although a large portion of this watershed is considered a site of environmental protection, the area has been increasingly submitted to anthropic-related changes, including intricate house settlement, mining operations, damaging farming practices, deforesting, etc. Some 97% of the city of Jundiaí water supply, the main consuming center in the area, comes :&om the JMRW. Albeit this improper land use within the watershed is widely acknowledged, there have been no comprehensive scientific investigations as regards the potential impacts and threats that such anthropic changes may inflict in the water supply of the region. In this context, the main objective of this project is to develop a method for risk assessment of the potential loss of the JMRW hydric capacity, focusing on the effects of soil impermeability driven by antropic events and considering the synergy between morphometric, pedological and landuse characteristics of the watershed. Two basic methods were employed for data integration and spatial analysis: the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP - a knowledge-driven method) and the Multivariables Regression (MR - a data-driven method). Maps of favorability of hydric capacity maintenance were produced through AHP, and the mo deI was retro-adjusted by MR calculations. Two scenarios were considered: (i) present occupation of the watershed; and (ii) maximum possible occupation within a protective limit to maintain the hydric capacity of the main rivers of the watershed. Cross analysis of the favorability maps created for these two scenarios yielded the aimed risk assessment map for the JMRW. Five sub-basins were classified within very low and low risk to loose their hydric capacity. Considering the criteria employed in this work and the existent pattern of landuse, the JMRW shows a situation of overall low risk and it has the necessary resources to keeping the water supply of the region / Mestrado / Metalogenese / Mestre em Ciências

O avanço da economia brasileira e o amadurecimento dos mercados induzem a crescente competitividade nos diferentes setores. Com isso, as corporações buscam por maneiras de investir com maior produtividade de modo a direcionar recursos nas suas atividades fins para desenvolvimento e expansão do negocio principal. Os ativos imobiliários são um dos recursos mais onerosos para muitas empresas, que ainda imobilizam recursos nesses ativos de longo prazo de maturação. É incipiente a percepção das empresas brasileiras em relação às perdas de oportunidade de ganho com os investimentos que são internados nas suas bases instaladas. Nesse contexto, a tese trata da configuração de um método para analise da oportunidade de imobilização e desmobilização em imóveis corporativos sob a ótica das corporações usuárias, por meio da identificação de critérios qualitativos e quantitativos (econômico-financeiros) relevantes a analise, considerando (i) os mecanismos diretos e indiretos atualmente empregados no Brasil, (ii) a sustentação legal, (iii) as praticas tributarias e contábeis, e (iv) as praticas prevalentes de mercado. Os critérios de decisão do método são priorizados pelos administradores das corporações com auxilio de uma ferramenta para analise hierárquica de decisão (Analytic Hierarchy Process - AHP), que indica a alternativa mais adequada entre as opções de imobilização ou não no real estate para cada situação. O método desenvolvido nesta tese pode ser uma importante ferramenta de apoio para as diretrizes de governança corporativa no que tange as decisões em relação ao portfolio de real estate das corporações, podendo ser utilizado por empresas com atuação nos diferentes setores da economia, tais como: manufatura, serviços, varejo, entre outros, inclusive no setor publico. / The development of the Brazilian economy and the maturity of the markets have prompted growing competition within different sectors. In this context corporations tend to find ways to invest more productively by focusing on their main activities in an effort to enhance their core business. Real estate assets are generally one of the companies\' greatest expenses; even so, companies still invest in these long-term maturity assets. It is still incipient the perception of Brazilian companies as regards the opportunity costs incurred by them as a result of investing in real estate assets. In view of the foregoing, the thesis sets forth an analysis method to guide the decision whether to invest or not in real estate assets from the perspective of corporate users. The analysis is based on qualitative and quantitative attributes by taking in account (i) both direct and indirect procedures currently used in Brazil, (ii) the legal framework, (iii) the tax and accounting practices, and (iv) the prevalent market practices. The method\'s decision criteria are prioritized by the corporations` officers through the AHP tool (Analytic Hierarchy Process), which indicates the most appropriate decision in each situation. The method herein developed may work as an important corporate governance guideline in the extent real estate portfolio decisions are taken by corporations, and it can be used by companies of different sectors, such as manufacturing, service, retail, among others, including the public sector.