Burnout is a problem that impacts the physician population disproportionately compared to other professions in the United States, and its consequences affect not only physicians but their patients and the healthcare system as a whole. In particular, physician trainee years are associated with a significant degree of burnout, and these years are important for establishing self-care practices and perspectives from which a physician will draw throughout the rest of his or her career. Trainee years are not only uniquely important years for the establishment of burnout resiliency, but they also may be uniquely suited to the integration of burnout resiliency programs due to their curricular structure. A number of burnout resiliency programs have been developed and tested in the trainee population, however little evidence exists for consistent efficacy or for which elements confer efficacy. The present article identifies, reviews, synthesizes and evaluates the current literature on burnout prevention programs in the trainee population and proposes a research protocol for the implementation of a curriculum-based burnout resiliency program called the “Integrative Wellness Initiative” featuring wellness classes, mindfulness and incentivized exercise.

Burnout is a bio-psychosocial response related to chronic stress in the work environment (Hertel, 2009). In nursing, burnout can affect the work environment, coworker relationships, and patient care. It can lead to patient dissatisfaction, nurse dissatisfaction and even patient harm. With the nursing shortage predicted to increase to over 1,000,000 by the year 2012, it is of vital importance that methods to reduce and prevent burnout be researched and implemented in order to retain nurses and ensure the delivery of safe and effective care. The purpose of this literature review was to determine what knowledge base already existed about the effects of burnout on patient care and how to reduce the incidence of burnout among nurses. The writing of this review is an effort to encourage nurses and nursing managers to identify early signs of burnout and implement the supported interventions as a way to retain nurses and encourage patient safety. An integrative review of research was performed using Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health (CINAHL) Plus with Full-Text, MEDLINE, PubMed, Academic Search Premiere and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Search terms included 'nurs*' and 'burnout'. This review included literature available in English and research conducted between 1998 and 2010. Factors that contribute to burnout such as personality traits, support systems, job demands, management and coping techniques and resources were examined.

This thesis explores the interaction between sleep and burnout in the treatment of poor sleep. Sleep isvital for overall health and recovery from daily life demands, while stress is closely related to sleepdisruptions. Chronic insomnia can develop from sleep disturbances caused by stress. Burnout,characterized by emotional exhaustion, physical fatigue, and cognitive weariness, is a prevalentconsequence of chronic stress. Sleep quality is greatly influenced by various factors and has a significantimpact on overall well-being. This study investigates how sleep quality and burnout at baseline of ashort, student-led, group treatment, affect sleep quality as a treatment outcome. It hypothesizes thathigher stress and poorer sleep at baseline would predict unchanged or impaired sleep qualityimmediately after treatment, and that poor sleep and burnout would individually have a positiverelationship with sleep as a treatment outcome. The data for this study is obtained from a sleepintervention program conducted by students from the Master's Program in Clinical Psychology at UmeåUniversity in collaboration with Region Västerbotten. The participants completed questionnairesassessing their background information, stress levels, burnout, and sleep quality at baseline and aftertreatment. The findings showed no interaction effects between sleep and burnout but indicate thatpatients with poorer sleep at intake may not benefit from the treatment program whereas high burnoutdoes not affect the treatment outcome. The short, student-led, group treatment does not seem tobenefit people with severe sleep problems.

Academic burnout is prevalent among university students. Many studies have shown the importance of interpersonal (e.g. social support) and external (e.g. workload) factors in determining the causes of burnout. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of workload, social support, psychosocial training, and gender on burnout among university students and the degree to which these factors can predict burnout levels. Replicating other studies, measures of workload (objective and subjective), social support (Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support), and previous psychosocial training were related to burnout (Maslach Burnout Inventory) among 150 undergraduate students. Consistent with existing literature, high levels of burnout were associated with high levels of both objective and subjective workload, with subjective workload having a greater impact. Lower levels of burnout were associated with higher levels of social support. Previous psychosocial training was not associated with the levels of burnout. Social support from teachers was found to be to most influential variable within this study. This unique finding can contribute to the limited existing body of knowledge on academic burnout, as well as bring awareness to university administrators and faculty regarding the important role that teachers play in the academic success of their students.

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This quantitative survey study examined stress/burnout and job satisfaction in a sample of 108 social workers in rural Mississippi using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and Abridged Job Description Index (AJDI). The research examined the prevalence of stress/burnout among mental health social workers employed with the Mississippi Department of Mental Health. The research focused primarily on the relationship between burnout and job satisfaction and the degree to which levels of burnout and satisfaction were associated with demographic characteristics. Results of this study showed that 36.1% of respondents reported a high level of emotional exhaustion, 6.5% reported high levels of depersonalization, and 27.8% reported high level of personal accomplishment. Multiple dimensions of job satisfaction were found to be associated with burnout; emotional exhaustion was a particularly strong predictor of low job satisfaction. No significant differences in burnout and job satisfaction were found between men and women. Levels of burnout and job satisfaction were not related significantly to respondents’ age, marital status, or years of experience. Bachelor-level social workers scored higher on both emotional exhaustion and depersonalization than Masters-level social workers. A significant difference between African-Americans and Caucasians was found for general job satisfaction. Social worker certification, years of social work experience, and education level were related significantly to satisfaction with opportunities for promotion. Caseload was associated with differential levels of job satisfaction, but not in a simple linear pattern: the lowest levels of job satisfaction were found among social workers with moderate caseloads (21-30 clients).