Titel: Tillbaka till framtiden. Det karismatiska ledarskapets återkomst. Nivå: C-uppsats i ämnet företagsekonomi Författare: Ulrika Lundmark & Violeta Jonsson Handledare: Lars Ekstrand Datum: 2011 – 05 Syfte: Syftet med uppsatsen är att visa det karismatiska ledarskapets former samt diskutera förutsättningarna för dess återkomst. Vi kommer också att diskutera dess för- och nackdelar. Mer specifikt söks svar på frågorna: Vilken är definitionen av framtidens karismatiska ledare? Hur ser ledarskapsidealet ut och varför? Finns det någon framtid för den karismatiske ledaren? Metod: Med hjälp av historiska exempel sökte vi efter det karismatiska ledarskapets särdrag. Undersökningen har genomförts genom läsning av olika skrifter om historisk och modern ledarskap. Uppsatsen grundar sig på en kvalitativ studie eftersom basen i undersökningen består av redan skrivet material men det finns inslag av kvantitativ studie där våra egna erfarenheter av olika ledarskaps typer har huvudrollen. Denna undersökning grundar sig på en analysmodell, analys av det historiska och dagens karismatiska ledarskap. Utifrån dessa perspektiv har vi försökt få oss en uppfattning om vilken typ av ledarskap, framtidens samhälle kan acceptera. Resultat & slutsats: Vår slutsats är att, beroende på var i samhället vi befinner oss, kommer vi att träffa olika slags ledare men att det karismatiska ledarskapet (en del av den) kommer att flätas ihop med en demokratisk organisation och möjligheten att en ny ledarskapstil tar form är stort. Rsultatet av studien redovisas i sista kapitlet som är slutsatsen. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Av alla ledarskapstilar har vi begränsat denna studie till det karismatiska ledarskapet som vi tyckte var en fascinerande ämne. Det karismatiska ledarskapet är värt att studeras och dokumenteras mer detaljerat. Vi tror att en studie som går ut på att hitta de nyanser som eventuell kan förena den demokratiska ledarskapstilen med den karismatiska skulle vara intressant. Uppsatsens bidrag: Uppsatsen har bidragit till en ökning av vår egen förståelse om hur det karismatiska ledarskapet fungerar och öppnar porten för en mängd uppsatsmöjligheter för kommande studenter. Nyckelord: Ledarskap, ledarskapsstilar, historiska ledare, karisma, karismatiska ledare / Title: Back to the future. The return of the charismatic leadership. Level: Final assignment for Bachelor Degree in Business Administration Author: Ulrika Lundmark & Violeta Jonsson Supervisor: Lars Ekstrand Date: 2011 – 05 Aim: The purpose of this study is to show by means of historical examples how the charismatic leadership has acted on the world scene and discuss its possible return. More specifically we want answers to those questions: How we want to define the charismatic leaders in the future? What is the ideal leadership and why? Is there a future for the charismatic leader? Method: Using historical examples, we look for the charismatic leadership characteristics. The survey was conducted through the reading of various writings on historical and contemporary leadership. The essay is based on a qualitative study because the base of the study consists of already written material but there is an element of quantitative study in which our own experience of different leadership types has the lead role. This study is based on an analysis model, analysis of the historical and present-day charismatic leadership. From these perspectives, we have tried to get an idea of what kind of leadership, the future society can accept. Result & Conclusions: Our conclusion is that depending on where in society we are, we will meet with various types of leaders but to the charismatic leadership (part of) will be intertwined with a democratic organization and the possibility that a new leadership style takes shape is big.The results of the study will be presented in our last chapter, conclusions. Suggestions for future research: Of all the leadership styles, we have restricted this study to the charismatic leadership that we thought was a fascinating topic. The charismatic leadership is worth being studied and documented in more detail. We believe that a study about to find the nuances that make possible to reconcile the democratic leadership style with the charismatic leadership would be interesting. Contribution of the thesis: The essay has contributed to an increase in our understanding of how the charismatic leadership works and opens the door for a variety of essay options for future students. Key words: Leadership, leadership styles, historical leaders, charisma, charismatic leaders

Karisma är ett fenomen som under lång tid väckt stort intresse och fascination bland människor, däribland mig själv. Däremot är begreppet aningen diffust och det har därför varit svårt att hitta en entydig definition av karisma. För att undersöka dimensionerna av karisma har jag i denna uppsats valt att undersöka karismans betydelse i dagens samhälle. Syftet med undersökningen har varit att undersöka hur fenomenet karisma som begrepp konstrueras i en bestämd social kontext i samhället idag, vilket jag har gjort genom att analysera självhjälpslitteratur i hur man ökar sin karismatiska utstrålning. De huvudsakliga frågeställningarna bakom denna undersökning omfattar bland annat hur karisma konstruerats i litteraturen, hur framställningen av karisma gett upphov till skapandet av subjekt samt att se om förändringar i samhället kommit att förändra betydelsen av karisma. Bakgrunden av undersökningen innefattar bland annat Max Webers definition av den ”genuina” karisman samt en rad andra teorier och undersökningar om karisma som försökt förklara fenomenets härkomst. Med bakgrund av detta har jag alltså studerat karisma ur ett socialkonstruktivistiskt perspektiv med hjälp av diskursanalys och funnit att de två självhjälpsböcker jag undersökt konstruerar karisma som ett multidimensionellt fenomen som alla individer har möjligheten att utveckla. Utöver denna upptäckt tyder resultaten från undersökningen även på att en decentralisering av makten i dagens samhälle har kommit att påverka hur karisma konstrueras idag. / Charisma has for long been the object for admiration and fascination among people, including myself. It has, however, been very difficult to settle for an appropriate definition of charisma since the nature of the phenomenon can be described as being quite abstract. I have in an attempt to explore the dimensions of charisma chosen to investigate its meaning in today’s society. The main goal with the investigation has been to see how the concept of charisma is constructed within a given social context, which in this case constitutes of self-help books on how to develop a charismatic personality. A few of the primary questions behind this investigation concerns how charisma is constructed within the literature, how the representation of charisma in the books leads to the development of subjects and to see whether changes within the society has contributed to a change in the meaning of charisma. The investigation is, among other things, based on Weber’s definition of the “genuine” charisma as well as several other theories and studies concerning charisma which have tried to deduce the origin of the subject. I have in relation to this analyzed charisma from the view of the social constructivist perspective, with the help of discourse analysis, and found that the two self-help books I have studied constructs charisma as a multidimensional phenomenon which everyone has the ability to develop. In addition to this discovery I also found that the result from the investigation indicates that a decentralization of power in today’s society has come to influence how charisma is constructed today. Title: What significance does charisma have in society today? – A study done from the social constructivist perspective concerning charisma in self-help literature. Charisma has for long been the object for admiration and fascination among people, including myself. It has, however, been very difficult to settle for an appropriate definition of charisma since the nature of the phenomenon can be described as being quite abstract. I have in an attempt to explore the dimensions of charisma chosen to investigate its meaning in today’s society. The main goal with the investigation has been to see how the concept of charisma is constructed within a given social context, which in this case constitutes of self-help books on how to develop a charismatic personality. A few of the primary questions behind this investigation concerns how charisma is constructed within the literature, how the representation of charisma in the books leads to the development of subjects and to see whether changes within the society has contributed to a change in the meaning of charisma. The investigation is, among other things, based on Weber’s definition of the “genuine” charisma as well as several other theories and studies concerning charisma which have tried to deduce the origin of the subject. I have in relation to this analyzed charisma from the view of the social constructivist perspective, with the help of discourse analysis, and found that the two self-help books I have studied constructs charisma as a multidimensional phenomenon which everyone has the ability to develop. In addition to this discovery I also found that the result from the investigation indicates that a decentralization of power in today’s society has come to influence how charisma is constructed today.

Abstract In the development of the western leadership theories, transformational leadership, charisma leadership and leader-member exchange theory (to be called LMX theory) can give reasonable explanation to leadership. Owing to the differences of culture, the eastern Chinese society develop paternalistic leadership which depends on tradition of Chinese culture and family system. However, which one can respond with best member efficiency? In this research, the staff of Southern Taiwan Post Office is the object. The aforesaid four leadership styles are independent variable, and the staff¡¦s commitment to organization, loyalty to organization, behaviors that benefit organization, self-evaluation achievement, and superior-evaluation achievement to be dependent variable. control variable is the staff¡¦s background. The purpose of this research is to find out the forecast effect of leadership style to member efficency. Questionnaire survey is the way to collect data for this research. The compilation of questionnaire is according to the scale which is compiled by formerly researchers of the related field, and to repeat to verify concept construction in factor analysis. There are 249 pieces questionnaire being gathered. The main methods of analysis are to take hypothetic-verification by descriptive statistics, correlational analysis, and blocked regression analysis. The conclusions of this research shows that the staff¡¦s commitment to organization, loyalty to organization, and behaviors that benefit organization for Post Office is high. While the leaders of Post Office Lead members in LMX theory, the members¡¦ commitment to organization, loyalty to organization, self-evaluation achievement and superior-evaluation achievement are maximum forecast effects. While the leaders of Post Office lead members in charisma leadership style, the members¡¦ behaviors that benefit organization are maximum forecast effects. Furthermore, in this research we can find that the staff of Post Office which have higher educational background is negative forecast effect in commitment to organization and loyalty to organization. Finally, the concrete suggestions have been mode by conclusions of this research to leaders of Post Office and direction for future research in reference. Key words: Transformational Leadership, Charisma Leadership, LMX, Paternalistic Leadership, Commitment to Organization, Loyal to Organization, Behaviors that Benefit Organization

Thesis (M.A.) - Simon Fraser University, 2005. / Theses (Faculty of Education) / Simon Fraser University. Also issued in digital format and available on the World Wide Web.

Variations on Charisma: Shakespeare’s Saintly, Villain, and Lustful Leaders est une étude des mécanismes du leadership charismatique dans Henry V, Richard III et Antoine et Cléopâtre de William Shakespeare, respectivement. Le mémoire explore certains outils, tels que la rhétorique, l'ironie et resignification, qui permettent aux dirigeants de gagner l'amour des disciples, la reconnaissance, et même la crainte. Cette thèse ne traitera pas avec l'essence du charisme en tant que telle, mais plutôt avec les techniques de leadership charismatique. Dans le premier chapitre, j'ai étudié le caractère du roi Harry dans trois différents aspects: en tant que chef militaire, en tant que chef spirituel, et comme un leader politique. Parmi les techniques de leadership charismatique qui déploie Henry V de gagner l'amour de ses disciples et de dévouement est rhétorique. La capacité de livrer le discours à droite dans la conjoncture à droite et à convaincre les adeptes, même dans les moments de difficultés formes sa force clé comme une figure centrale dans la pièce. Le deuxième chapitre traite du leadership charismatique Richard III, qui est évaluée sur le plan éthique parce qu'elle est acquise grâce à assassiner. J'ai essayé d'examiner les relations possibles qui pourraient exister entre le charisme et l'agence moral. Dans ce chapitre, j'ai soulevé des questions sur la mesure dans laquelle le charisme est d'ordre éthique et comment un chef de file, qui usurpes alimentation via assassiner, est charismatique. Une technique qui renforce le leadership charismatique de Richard est l'ironie. Richard III déploie l'ironie de gagner la complicité du public. Dans le troisième chapitre, l'accent est mis sur le caractère de Cléopâtre. La question soulevée dans le chapitre concerne la relation entre le charisme et la lutte pour une identité féminine orientale. politique sexuelle de Cléopâtre est également au cœur de mon étude, car il est revu et de nouveaux sens de Shakespeare d'une manière qui souligne les qualités charismatiques de Cléopâtre. Mots clés: le charisme, la rhétorique, l'agence morale, resignification, William Shakespeare / Variations on Charisma: Shakespeare’s Saintly, Villain, and Lustful Leaders is an investigation of the mechanisms of charismatic leadership in Shakespeare’s Henry V, Richard III, and Antony and Cleopatra respectively. It explores certain tools, such as rhetoric, irony, and resignification, which allow the leaders to gain the followers’ love, recognition, and even awe. This thesis will not deal with the essence of charisma as such but rather with the techniques of charismatic leadership. In the first chapter, I have studied the character of King Harry in three different aspects: as a military leader, as a spiritual leader, and as a political leader. Among the techniques of charismatic leadership which Henry V deploys to gain his followers’ love and devotion is rhetoric. The ability to deliver the right discourse in the right conjuncture and to persuade the followers even in the moments of hardship forms his key strength as a central figure in the play. The second chapter deals with Richard III’s charismatic leadership which is assessed ethically because it is gained through murder. I have tried to examine the possible relations that might exist between charisma and moral agency. In this chapter, I have raised questions about the extent to which charisma is ethical and how a leader, who usurpes power via murder, is charismatic. One technique which reinforces Richard’s charismatic leadership is irony. Richard III deploys irony to gain the audience’s complicity. In the third chapter, the focus is on the character of Cleopatra. The question raised in the chapter concerns the relationship between charisma and the struggle for an oriental feminine identity. Cleopatra’s sexual politics is also at the heart of my study because it is revisited and resignified by Shakespeare in a way that highlights Cleopatra’s charismatic qualities. Key words: charisma, rhetoric, moral agency, resignification, William Shakespeare

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 83-92).

Zugl.: Heidelberg, Univ., Diss., 2008

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 83-92). Also available in print.

Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Queensland, 2005. / Includes bibliography.

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo compreender de que forma o pastor fundador de uma igreja na Baixada Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, tem conseguido através de sua liderança carismática construir e manter um sistema de distribuição, redistribuição e manipulação de bens simbólicos entre seus seguidores. Observa-se essa dinâmica entre o poder, carisma e reconhecimento, tanto dentro da congregação: nas relações o pastor fundador da igreja e os demais pastores, presbíteros e membros, como fora dela: na medida em que essa igreja, que se identifica como Assembléia de Deus, não participa de nenhuma convenção ou órgãos referenciais dessa denominação. Sugere-se que, apesar de se pretender um tipo de Assembléia de Deus, essa igreja assume um ethos neopentecostal de igrejas autônomas, podendo ser identificada na terminologia nativa como uma Assembléia de Deus Renovada. Para alcançar os objetivos propostos, foi realizado um estudo de campo, com entrevistas e observação participante, e também um pequeno survey. / The research has aimed to understand how a Neopentecostal pastor, founder of a church located at Baixada Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, is able to build and keep a system of distribution, redistribution and manipulation of symbolic goods among his followers, through his charismatic leadership. This study tries to show the power dynamics between charisma and leader recognition inside the church, among the founder and the other pastors, presbyteries and members, and also outside of it, when this church self defined as an Assembly of God has no part of any convention of this denomination. We suggest that, despite defined as a kind of Assembly of God, this church assumes a Neopentecostal ethos of autonomous churches, and can be identified, using a native terminology, as Renewed Assembly of God. To reach the proposed aims, we carried out a field research with participant observation, interviews, and also a small survey.