Essa pesquisa buscou compreender o papel que os trabalhadores de chão de fábrica, aqueles com pouca ou nenhuma qualificação e que trabalham diretamente no processo produtivo, tiveram para o progresso da indústria química de São Paulo. Para isso, realizamos uma retrospectiva da história da industrialização desse setor, bem como dos diferentes estágios de interação entre a gerência e os operários. Contamos com pesquisas de diferentes áreas do conhecimento, bem como de documentação primária e história oral. Com isso, buscamos dar luz a essa personagem e perceber como o seu papel se alterou no decorrer do tempo, sem nunca deixar de ser relevante para uma História da ciência, da técnica e do trabalho, inserida em uma perspectiva social. / The main purpose of this research is to understand the role that blue collar workers, those ones with little or no qualifications that work directly in the production process, had in the progress of the chemical industry of São Paulo. To get there, a retrospective of the history of industrialization in this sector has been done, as well as the different stages of interaction between management executives and workers. In the research, studies from different areas of knowledge were used as well as primary documents and oral history. This research tries to focus these actors and understands the changes on their role over the time, always relevant to the history of science, technology and labor in a social perspective.

Essa pesquisa buscou compreender o papel que os trabalhadores de chão de fábrica, aqueles com pouca ou nenhuma qualificação e que trabalham diretamente no processo produtivo, tiveram para o progresso da indústria química de São Paulo. Para isso, realizamos uma retrospectiva da história da industrialização desse setor, bem como dos diferentes estágios de interação entre a gerência e os operários. Contamos com pesquisas de diferentes áreas do conhecimento, bem como de documentação primária e história oral. Com isso, buscamos dar luz a essa personagem e perceber como o seu papel se alterou no decorrer do tempo, sem nunca deixar de ser relevante para uma História da ciência, da técnica e do trabalho, inserida em uma perspectiva social. / The main purpose of this research is to understand the role that blue collar workers, those ones with little or no qualifications that work directly in the production process, had in the progress of the chemical industry of São Paulo. To get there, a retrospective of the history of industrialization in this sector has been done, as well as the different stages of interaction between management executives and workers. In the research, studies from different areas of knowledge were used as well as primary documents and oral history. This research tries to focus these actors and understands the changes on their role over the time, always relevant to the history of science, technology and labor in a social perspective.

Made available in DSpace on 2010-04-20T20:48:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 68525.PDF.jpg: 15314 bytes, checksum: 2b0a2eab9eb62dba15a24ac0888e9069 (MD5) 68525.PDF: 950088 bytes, checksum: 21966ddc7c4edd436504a16796986192 (MD5) 68525.PDF.txt: 294567 bytes, checksum: 735ffe848565602ff01471e4c22d822e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-03-31T00:00:00Z / Micro, small and medium size enterprises have a significant participation in the gross national product and the number of jobs of most countries. All around the world, several programs has been developed to support and increase the competitiveness of these enterprises. Among them, technological information services were created to facilitate the access of small and medium enterprises to the technology producers, namely universities and research Institutes. In Brazil a wide network of technological information centers was created during the 1980’s and 1990’s which, throughout the years, was dismantled due to lack of demand from small enterprises. This study was conducted with the purpose of identifying the reasons behind this lack of demand, since the need of information by small companies is far from being fulfilled. The sources of information, namely information services, and the receivers of information, namely small companies, were both analyzed. A gap was observed between information services and their target public which gradually repelled the latter. This phenomenon does not affect information services only in Brazil. All over the world, these services have been restructuring themselves in order to better meet their target public’s needs and to become financially selfsufficient. This study gives suggestions as to how Brazilian technological information services should act during transition stage. / As micro, pequenas e médias empresas tem uma participação significativa no Produto Interno Bruto e no número de empregos na maioria dos países. Em todo o mundo, diversos são os programas criados para dar suporte e aumentar a competitividade dessas empresas. Entre esses estão os serviços de informação tecnológica que procuram facilitar o acesso das pequenas e média empresas aos produtores de tecnologia, na forma de universidades e institutos de pesquisa. No Brasil foi criada uma grande rede de núcleos de informação tecnológica, nos anos 80/90, que com o passar dos anos se desestruturou devido à falta de demanda por parte das pequenas empresas. Foi feito um trabalho de pesquisa com o objetivo de identificar os motivos da falta de demanda mencionada, uma vez que a necessidade de informações por parte das pequenas empresas está longe de ser resolvida. Foram pesquisados tanto a fonte das informações, na forma dos serviços de informação quanto os receptores da informação, na forma das pequenas empresas. Verificou-se uma falta de sintonia entre os serviços de informação e seu público alvo que fez com que este aos poucos se afastasse. Esse fenômeno atinge serviços de informação não apenas no Brasil. Em todo o mundo esses serviços estão se reestruturando para atender melhor as necessidades de seu público alvo e se tornarem auto suficientes financeiramente. O trabalho propõe alternativas para a forma de atuação dos serviços de informação tecnológicas brasileiros nessa fase de transição.

This research deals with organisation culture in the Chemical Industry, with specific reference to the culture in Gas Production. In the literature survey, the concept 'organisation culture' is studied theoretically from the perspective of Burke and Litwin. Theoretically, differences may occur between the current and desired organisation culture, between divisions and between levels of authority. The conclusion is drawn that culture change involves the whole organisation. In the empirical investigation, the Organisation Culture Index is applied to 36 employees at management level and 138 at employee level. The empirical findings show that there are significant differences. The empirical findings therefore support the theoretical findings that a single culture does not always exist in an organisation. This research also confirms that the culture in this organisation may not be appropriate for the present era. / Hierdie navorsing ondersoek organisasiekultuur in die Chemiese Bedryf, met spesifieke verwysing na die kultuur in Gasproduksie. In die literatuuroorsig word die konsep "organisasiekultuur" teoreties vanuit Burke en Litwin se perspektief beskou. Teoreties kan verskille in organisasiekultuur tussen die huidige en die verlangde organisasiekultuur, tussen afdelings en tussen gesagsvlakke voorkom. Die afleiding word gemaak dat kultuurverandering die totale organisasie betrek. In die empiriese ondersoek word die Organisasiekultuurindeks op 36 werknemers van die bestuursgroep en 138 van die werknemersgroep toegepas. Uit die empiriese bevindinge blyk dit dat daar betekenisvolle verskille in organisasiekultuur voorkom. Die empiriese bevindinge steun die teoretiese bevindinge dat daar nie altyd sprake is van 'n enkele kultuur in 'n organisasie nie. Daar word ook vasgestel dat hierdie organisasie se organisasiekultuur nie toespaslik is vir die huidige era nie. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M. Com. (Industrial and Organisational Psychology)

This diploma thesis deals with the evaluation of a selected corporation and proposals for its solution. The first part of the thesis describes the theoretical basis of individual analyses and this part serves as a theoretical basis for their processing. In the second part of the work, the characteristic of the selected subject is given and according to the knowledge from the theoretical part, several analyses examining the current state are performed. Based on the results of the analyses, there are developed proposals which lead to improving the financial situation of the company.

This diploma thesis elaborated on the subject „Contemporary Health and Safety at Work Problems and their Influence on the Functioning of an Organization“ focuses on the description of contemporary state of Health and safety at work problems in work activities, where the source of risk is represented by chemical substances, from the point of view of a company. The thesis sets out a view of legislative definition for the mentioned topic and also the possible application of safety at work management programs. This part also includes a summary description of risk analysis methods. In the practical part of the thesis, there is an organizational directive for a fictive company engaged in chemical production made. This directive will identify possible occupational risks resulting from the manufacturing process, and it will also evaluate the amount of risk for particular work activities in conjunction with hazard factors. The next part of the thesis contains a proposal of measures for risk reduction, based upon the previously mentioned evaluation. In the final part of the thesis, the author contemplates the possibilities of health and safety at work system improvement.

[pt] A tese investiga as etapas do ciclo de planejamento de vendas e operações (S&OP), ampliando o entendimento sobre as etapas pouco pesquisadas do Global Roll-up e Global Executive Meeting. Apresenta um estudo de caso múltiplo, envolvendo cinco importantes subsidiárias latino-americanas de quatro corporações multinacionais. Dois modelos de S&OP são usados para orientar as observações e análises de campo, auxiliando na caracterização do fenômeno S&OP. Acadêmicos e profissionais podem obter conhecimento em primeira mão sobre como as etapas de Global Roll-up e Global Executive Meeting são conduzidas em corporações multinacionais para melhorar seus processos de planejamento. O papel do setor de finanças nos ciclos de S&OP/ Planejamento Integrado de Negócios (IBP) também é examinado e discutido em detalhe, fornecendo informações e ideias úteis para melhorar esses processos em outras organizações, abordando outra lacuna de pesquisa. Os resultados indicam que há desafios para consolidar e usar informações coletadas de várias subsidiárias em diferentes contextos em todo o mundo, mas benchmarking interno e compartilhamento de melhores práticas são explorados, bem como oportunidades de negócios entre países em relação a excessos de estoque, possibilidades de expansão do portfólio e utilização de capacidade ociosa. Adicionalmente, as observações permitiram concluir que o envolvimento precoce do setor de finanças no ciclo de S&OP é benéfico para o negócio, agregando valor ao processo decisório nas etapas iniciais e assumindo um papel central nas etapas de Premeeting e Executive Meeting do ciclo de S&OP. / [en] The thesis investigates the sales and operations planning (S&OP) cycle steps, expanding the understanding about the under-researched Global Roll-up and Global Executive Meeting steps. It presents a multiple case study embracing five important Latin American subsidiaries of four multinational corporations. Two S&OP frameworks are used to guide the field observations and analysis, aiding to improve the S&OP phenomenon s characterization. Scholars and practitioners can gain first-hand knowledge about how Global Roll-up and Global Executive Meeting steps are conducted in multinational corporations to improve their planning processes. The role of finance in S&OP / Integrated Business Planning (IBP) cycles is also examined and discussed in detail providing useful insights to improve these processes in other organizations, addressing another research gap. Findings indicate that there are challenges to consolidate and use information gathered from multiple subsidiaries in different contexts worldwide but internal benchmarking and sharing of best practices are explored as well as business opportunities among countries regarding inventory excess, portfolio expansion possibilities, and spare capacity utilization. Additionally, observations led to the conclusion that early involvement of finance in the S&OP cycle is beneficial for the business, adding value to the decision making process in the initial steps and taking a central role in the Pre-meeting and Executive Meeting steps.

Die Böhme Fettchemie ging aus der 1881 von Hermann Theodor Böhme errichteten „Drogen-, Farben- und chemische Produktehandlung“ hervor. Am Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts als kleine Verkaufshandlung gegründet, etablierte es sich innerhalb von 50 Jahren zu einem weltbekannten Unternehmen zunächst im Bereich der Textilhilfsmittel. Doch auch im Bereich der Haushaltswaschmittel erreichte es in den 1930er Jahren ebenfalls einen großen Bekanntheitsgrad. Mit der Werbefigur Johanna, die das weltweit erste synthetische Waschmittel „Fewa“ anpries, war es der Firma gelungen, ein breites Publikum auf sich aufmerksam zu machen. Neben der Unternehmensgeschichte – von der Gründung bis in die Mitte der 1940er Jahre – gibt die Autorin Ivonne Reichmann mit dem vorliegenden Werk Auskunft über soziale und wirtschaftliche Aspekte der Böhme Fettchemie. Die einzelnen, chronologisch gegliederten Kapitel erschließen die bauliche Erweiterung, die Mitarbeiterstruktur, den Ausbau der Produktpalette sowie die weltweite Ausdehnung des Unternehmens. Deren Werbemaßnahmen spielen dabei ebenso eine Rolle wie die Übernahme durch den Henkel-Konzern in den 1930er Jahren. Mit dieser Studie wird eine Forschungslücke zum bisher wenig betrachteten Bereich der chemischen Industrie im südwestsächsischen Raum geschlossen.:1. Fragestellung und Methode 2. Voraussetzungen und Anfänge der Unternehmensgründung 3. Unternehmensentwicklung bis zum Ende der 1920er Jahre 4. Die turbulenten 1930er Jahre 5. Das Unternehmen während des Zweiten Weltkriegs 6. Nachkriegsjahre / Böhme Fettchemie emerged from a 'drugs, dyes and chemical products shop' established by Hermann Theodor Böhme in 1881. Founded at the end of the 19th century as a small sales business, it established itself within 50 years as a world-famous company, initially in the field of textile auxiliaries. But also in the field of household laundry detergents it achieved a high degree of recognition in the 1930s. With the advertising figure Johanna, who praised the world's first synthetic detergent 'Fewa', the company succeeded in attracting the attention of a wide audience. In addition to the company's history – from its foundation to the mid-1940s – the author Ivonne Reichmann provides information about the social and economic aspects of Böhme Fettchemie with this work. The individual, chronologically structured chapters reveal the structural expansion, the employee structure, the expansion of the product range as well as the worldwide expansion of the company. Their advertising measures play just as much a role as the takeover by the Henkel Group in the 1930s. This study closes a research gap to the hitherto little considered area of the chemical industry in southwest Saxony.:1. Fragestellung und Methode 2. Voraussetzungen und Anfänge der Unternehmensgründung 3. Unternehmensentwicklung bis zum Ende der 1920er Jahre 4. Die turbulenten 1930er Jahre 5. Das Unternehmen während des Zweiten Weltkriegs 6. Nachkriegsjahre

Population Protection againts Impacts from Major Chemical Accident in recent years is an important area to address. This thesis focuses on the current situation and preventive security measures in protecting the population against the effects of serious chemical accidents. Specifically, it focuses on the Czech Republic and toxic industrial chemicals, explosive and flammable. A detailed analysis of the current situation in the Czech Republic with risk areas relating to chemical industry and hazardous chemicals was worked out. An analysis of the current status of population protection from the effects of serious chemical accidents is prepared. On the basis of the analysis measures are suggested to improve the current situation in accordance with legislation. The work was carried out research on their own knowledge of the population in this in pre-selected location.

This paper presents the development and mathematical implementation of a production scheduling model utilizing mixed-integer linear programming (MILP). A simplified model of a real-world multi-product batch plant constitutes the basis. The paper shows practical extensions to the model, resulting in a digital twin of the plant. Apart from sequential arrangement, the final model contains maintenance periods, campaign planning and storage constraints to a limited extend. To tackle weak computational performance and missing model features, a condensed mathematical formulation is introduced at first. After stating that these measures do not suffice for applicability in a restrained time period, a novel solution strategy is proposed. The overall non-iterative algorithm comprises a multi-step decomposition approach, which starts with a reduced scope and incrementally complements the schedule in multiple subproblem stages. Each of those optimizations holds less decision variables and makes use of warmstart information obtained from the predecessor model. That way, a first feasible solution accelerates the subsequent improvement process. Furthermore, the optimization focus can be shifted beneficially leveraging the Gurobi solver parameters. Findings suggest that correlation may exist between certain characteristics of the scheduling scope and ideal parameter settings, which yield potential for further investigation. Another promising area for future research addresses the concurrent multi-processing of independent MILPs on a single machine. First observations indicate that significant performance gains can be achieved in some cases, though sound dependencies were not discovered yet.