The aim of this thesis is to find and describe the relationship between ethics and economics in terms of their separation and return in the history of economic thought. For a comprehensive entry at first basic terms and the most important milestones of economic thought throughout history are explained. The diploma work shows, within the historical framework, the most important trends of thinking of particular economic schools and through proven propositions it either affirms or denies them.

Diploma thesis under the title "The Ethical dilemmas of social workers of department of social and legal protection of children in České Budějovice in making decision about remove child" deals with dilemmas of social workers of department of social and legal protection of children (OSPOD). It indicates the issues related with family, such as the faults of the family, the forms of the Czech family, etc. Then it focuses on the professional activity of social workers OSPOD in České Budějovice and the related legislation. The aim of the thesis is to submit a comprehensive overview of the ethical dilemmas of social workers OSPOD in České Budějovice, which they might encounter in the profession and to present the importance of ethics for social work. The thesis points to the potential risks associated with the Code of Ethics, disparate requirements and expectations of clients from the social worker, a complex of services required from the social worker and also introduces the importance of cooperation in a multidisciplinary team of the social worker.

Este trabalho propõe um estudo crítico da ética empresarial. Para tal nos valemos de três fontes de informação: a produção acadêmica referente ao tema, nove códigos de ética fornecidos publicamente por empresas do setor bancário e a realização de conversas com trabalhadores de grandes empresas do mesmo setor. Na análise da produção acadêmica entendemos que a melhor maneira de compreender a ética empresarial é vê-la como inserida num jogo de forças, onde o poder de barganha de cada um dos envolvidos e afetados pela atuação empresarial (clientes, acionistas, trabalhadores, sociedade, etc.) exerce força para adoção de padrões éticos mais, ou menos, exigentes. Da leitura crítica dos materiais de ética empresarial, verificamos diversos pontos na prática da ética empresarial que mereciam ser mais detidamente analisados: a promoção de valores que privilegiam a empresa em detrimento de outros envolvidos por suas ações; a atribuição das exigências éticas a instâncias abstratas, a tendência a mesclar as figuras do empresário e do trabalhador, encobrindo conflitos de interesse, o privilégio da normatividade em contraposição à ética como reflexão e a interferência da empresa em aspectos da vida pessoal do trabalhador. Nas conversas com trabalhadores verificamos que a maioria dos pontos anteriormente identificada era, de fato, vivenciada como conflituosa. Encontramos uma variedade de ações que, segundo nossa definição, se configuravam como transgressões à ética, a maioria se enquadrando em dois dos principais tipos de transgressão. A primeira, em que práticas lesam o cliente em privilégio da empresa e do funcionário. E a segunda, em que o funcionário é lesado em benefício da empresa. Concluímos que o jogo de forças segundo o qual optamos compreender a ética empresarial se encontra deslocado em benefício da empresa. Também notamos que a opção por não tomar parte em práticas que transgridem a ética é algo prejudicial ao trabalhador que o opta. No entanto, verificamos que a maioria dos trabalhadores, ao transgredir a ética, vivencia grande desconforto, o que demonstra que a tentativa da empresa de mudar o ser do trabalhador não foi eficiente, estando esses mais atrelados aos valores de justiça e reciprocidade, que aos valores que privilegiam a empresa. Tal constatação demonstra que a figura do cidadão, embora enfraquecida, não foi totalmente apagada e aponta para a possibilidade da construção de um agir mais ético no trabalho / This research proposes a critical study of business ethics. For this matter we rely on three sources of information: the academic production about this subject, nine ethical codes publicly provided by banking companies and the realization of conversations with workers from large companies of this same sector. On the analysis of the academic production we defend that the best way to understand corporate ethics is by seeing it as inserted in a play of forces, where the bargaining power of each stakeholder (clients, shareholders, workers, society, etc.) exerts pressure that leads to the adoption of a more, or less, exigent ethical standard. On the critical reading of the materials we verified several points in the practices of corporate ethics that deserved a more careful analysis: the promotion of values that favor enterprises over other stakeholders, the attribution of ethical standards to abstract instances, the tendency to merge the roles of the entrepreneur and of the worker, concealing conflicts of interest, the privileging of normativity over reflection in the ethical theme and the interference of the enterprises in aspects of the personal life of workers. On the conversations with workers we verified that the majority of points previously identified were, in fact, experienced as conflicting. We found several actions that, according to our definition, were considered ethical transgressions, the majority of which fitted in to two main kinds of transgression. The first characterized by practices that prejudices the client in privilege of the companies and of the worker. The second characterized by practices that prejudices the workers in privilege of the companies. We concluded that the play of forces we chose to understand corporate ethics is actually unbalanced in favor of the companies. We also noted that the option of not taking part in practices that figure as ethical transgressions is something prejudicial to the worker that opts so. However, we verified that the majority of workers, when transgressing ethical standards, experiences a great deal of discomfort, what shows that the intent made by the companies to change the workers being was not completely efficient, showing that the workers are more tied to values of justice and reciprocity than to the values that favor the companies. This finding shows that the role of citizen although weakened was not completely erased and points to the possibility of the construction of a more ethical way of acting in work

[pt] No sistema bancário privado brasileiro, após o Plano Real, a conquista de clientes de baixa renda e a agressividade comercial na venda de produtos e serviços, passaram a ser fundamentais para o alcance de elevados índices de rentabilidade e para a manutenção do posicionamento dos bancos frente à concorrência. Esta estratégia gera uma tensão entre as expectativas da empresa, de maximização do lucro, e as expectativas do cliente, em obter vantagens e maiores benefícios destas instituições. Estes conflitos de interesse podem provocar distorções éticas de comportamento, tanto por parte dos funcionários dos bancos, como também dos clientes de baixa renda, que inseridos num contexto de dificuldades sócio-econômicas, acabam se tornando, ambos, dependentes do sistema bancário. A partir da Resolução 2.878 de 26/07/2001, do Banco Central do Brasil, uma série de mecanismos reguladores passaram a ser adotados no sistema bancário, o que fez com que os bancos repensassem suas estratégias, elaborassem ou reformulassem seus códigos de ética. Porém, se faz necessário verificar, o real impacto destes códigos no comportamento dos funcionários, no que se refere à relação comercial com clientes de baixa renda. Esta pesquisa portanto, procura analisar a seguinte questão: Os códigos de Ética dos Bancos Privados de Varejo, orientam a prática efetiva de um comportamento ético na relação de consumo com o cliente? Para tal, foram realizadas análises dos códigos de ética dos três maiores bancos privados brasileiros, juntamente com entrevistas, de caráter qualitativo, com clientes de baixa renda e gerentes dos respectivos bancos no Rio de Janeiro, nas quais se pode identificar a coerência entre o discurso e a prática do comportamento ético na relação comercial. Estas análises, fundamentadas num referencial teórico baseado na conceituação de valores, atitudes e comportamento, juntamente com várias teorias sobre ética e tomada de decisão ética, favoreceram a construção de um retrato atual da prática da ética na relação de consumo do mercado bancário no Rio de Janeiro. / [en] In the Brazilian private banking system, after the Real Plan (Plano Real), the conquest of low income customers and the commercial aggressiveness in the selling of products and services, became fundamental to reach high rates of profitability and maintenance of the banks positioning before competition. This strategy generates a tension between the company´s expectations, to maximize profits, and the customers expectations, in obtaining advantages and bigger benefits from these institutions. These conflicts of interest can provoke ethical distortions of behavior, from the banks´ employees, as much as from the low income customers, that are inserted in a socialeconomic difficulties context. At the end, both, end up becoming dependent on the banking system. Since de Resolution 2.878 of 07/26/2001, of the Central Bank of Brazil (Banco Central do Brasil), a series of regulating mechanisms started to be adopted in the banking system, what made the banks rethink their strategies, and elaborate or reformulate their ethical codes. However, it is necessary to verify, the real impact of these codes in the employees´ behavior, in the commercial relationship with the low income customers. This research therefore, pursuits the analysis of the following question: The ethical codes of the private retail banks, orientate an effective practice of an ethical behavior in the consumption relation with the customer? To reach the goal of this research, the analysis of the ethical codes of the three biggest Brazilian private banks were made, together with interviews, of qualitative character, with low income customes and the managers of the respective banks in the city of Rio de Janeiro, in which was possible to identify the coherence between the speech and the practice of the ethical behavior in the commercial relationship. These analysis, well-founded in a theoretical reference based in the conceiving of values, attitudes, and behavior together with various theories about ethic and the taking of ethical decisions, favored the construction of a present-day portrait of the practice of ethic in the consumption relation in the banking market in the city of Rio de Janeiro.

The diploma thesis is dedicated to the intercompany mentoring issue, its thorough description and specific practical application in the company. The objectives are to define the intercompany mentoring as a new form of corporate learning, to analyze it in detail and to assess its benefits to the certain company. Its strengths / weaknesses and the possible opportunities and threats are found in the theoretical part via SWOT analysis. The assessment of intercompany mentoring is based on the interviews with mentors, mentees and last but not least with mentees' superiors. These semi-structured interviews are focused on finding of the strengths / weaknesses and the opportunities or threats. It means that the SWOT analysis is used also in the practical part of the thesis. The output of the thesis is the final resume and my personal improvement proposals. The results of the thesis can help those companies that are looking for new ways to develop their employees or which are hesitating to participate in the intercompany mentoring. KEYWORDS Learning, development, intercompany, mentoring, mentor, mentee, HR, coordinator, company culture, code of ethics

This master’s thesis analysis problems, which are related to ethical aspects of doing business in particular company. The basic for this work is the evaluation of an ethical and social environment analysis. On the basic of this analysis is proposed further recommendation for the company and wording ethical code of the company, whose creating was the main content this master’s thesis.

The aim of this thesis is to define problems in the field of real-estate activities related to business ethics, to explore causes of their origin and to search for possible solutions to improve the present condition. We will get acquainted with the conception of business ethics, their history, place of origin, driving motives and we will learn what the most widely used instruments of business ethics are. This work is dedicated especially to those problems of the Czech real-estate market which are related to business ethics and which are the most discussed ones. The possibilities of supervision over using ethic rules in business and possibilities of legal protection represent significant importance. Via research we will point out the experience and opinions of employees of real-estate agencies concerning business ethics, we will learn their opinion as to the sense of the most used business ethics instrument – code of ethics, the possibilities of its application and checking. Based on results of this research we will try to propose recommendations leading to improvement of present condition.

Ethical behavior is an inseparable part of business life and can have a major impact on corporate culture in business companies and their communication with clients. The aim of this work was to find out how the behavior of sales representatives of pharmaceutical companies in pharmaceutical pharmacies is perceived, to describe the ethical aspects in this field, and then to propose recommendations for adjusting internal rules, values or ethical code in a selected pharmaceutical company. This task was accomplished by carrying out qualitative research to analyze and deeper describe how pharmaceutical assistants in pharmacies perceive the behavior of sales representatives of pharmaceutical companies. In order to eliminate the identified circumstances in this field, the proposed recommendation for the selected company is a thorough knowledge of ethical principles and the incorporation of techniques into the training program of the company that focus on empathy is proposed. In conclusion, adherence to ethical principles and the right corporate culture in the company can be considered crucial in the context of successful cooperation between the sales representative and the pharmacy.

The diploma thesis deals with the topic of the theoretical establishment of the professional pedagogical chamber in the Czech Republic as a public-law institution in terms of ethical and moral patronage of the teaching profession. The profession of teacher is characterized by thorough and demanding work with people, requiring not only extensive knowledge, which is subsequently passed on to pupils and students, but also respect of moral and ethical principles, which presents teachers in public as a valuable profession, but also sets the model for exemplary and desirable behavior in society. At present, however, there is no public-law self-governing professional organization in the Czech Republic that associates members of the teaching profession and morally and ethically shields their profession, as is done, for example, by the medical or advocacy chamber of their members. This, in conjunction with the persistent absence of a defined teacher's professional standard and formal code of ethics, leads to lack of an idea who should teachers refer to regarding the problems of ethics and moral behaviour, what is expected from them in this area and also have no support in a legally established and functional professional organization. The aim of this diploma thesis is therefore to identify and describe the...

La circulation des savoirs traditionnels constitue une problématique juridique qui a fait l’objet de nombreuses réflexions et développements au sein de différents forums depuis les années 1990. Au-delà des évolutions du droit international et des législations nationales, très peu d’attention a été portée sur les contributions normatives des acteurs des milieux universitaires et autochtones. Les autochtones et les chercheurs figurent pourtant parmi les acteurs sociaux qui sont les plus directement concernés par la problématique de la circulation des savoirs traditionnels et potentiellement les plus conscients des enjeux dans ce domaine. Leurs contributions demeurent toutefois dans beaucoup de cas largement sous-estimées et méconnues. C’est pourquoi dans le cadre notre thèse, nous nous sommes lancés dans la collecte, la description et l’analyse de deux grands types de contributions: 1-les démarches globales entreprises à l’échelle des institutions de recherche et des institutions autochtones pour l’encadrement des rapports entre les autochtones et les chercheurs et pour l’accès et l’utilisation des savoirs traditionnels (par exemple les codes éthiques ou les protocoles de recherche); 2- les dispositifs d’encadrement plus ponctuels à l’échelle de projets de recherche spécifiques au moyen de pratiques contractuelles entre les communautés autochtones et les chercheurs. Nous sommes parvenus à identifier 121 instruments parmi lesquels 62 cadres généraux et 59 contrats. / The circulation of traditional knowledge is a legal issue that has been the subject of many reflections and developments in various forums since the 1990s.Beyond the evolutions in international law and national legislation, very little attention has been paid to the normative contributions of researchers and Indigenous people. Yet, they are among the social actors who are most directly concerned by the issue of the circulation of traditional knowledge and potentially the most aware of the challenges in this area. Their contributions, however, remain in many cases largely underestimated and unknown. This is why, as part of our thesis, we have embarked on the collection, description and analysis of two major types of contributions : 1- Comprehensive approaches undertaken at the level of research institutions and Indigenous institutions to monitor relationships between indigenous peoples and researchers (eg ethical codes or research protocols) ; 2- more specific instruments at the scale of specific research projects through contractual practices between the Aboriginal communities and researchers. We managed to identify 121 instruments among which 65 general frameworks and 57 contracts.