<p align="left">A number of programmes have been implemented in the field of development communication, with the specific aim of promoting social change among communities, and a series of studies have illustrated the positive effects of entertainment-education (EE) interventions on individuals variety of fields, including health, agriculture and sustainable development, and make use of a different range of media such as radio, television and theatre. <font face="Times New Roman">In line with the theory and conceptual framework of the </font><i><font face="Times New Roman">Integrated Model of Communication </font><i><font face="Times New Roman">for Social Change </font><font face="Times New Roman">(IMCSC), this research is intended to explore, empirically, how </font>development communication programmes can foster collective action amongst community members. The research is based on a case study of Sesotho Media &amp / Development (SM&amp / D), a nongovernmental organisation that has been operating in Lesotho, using media to promote social transformation and individual change. For the past 10 years, SM&amp / D has been working in Lesotho using a methodology based on facilitated documentary screening with a specific focus on HIV/Aids-related issues, combined with capacity building programmes aimed at training facilitators among support groups, youth groups and prison inmates around the country. Both quantitative and qualitative research methods of enquiry were employed throughout the research. Common research tools used include questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions and observation. In addition, a variety of secondary sources of information, including evaluation reports, funding proposals and journal articles were reviewed. The results of the study reveal that development communication initiatives are able to foster collective forms of action by increasing the level of <i><font face="Times New Roman">efficacy </font><font face="Times New Roman">amongst the audience. </font>Conclusions highlight that participatory development communication with an educational aim allows people to identify problems and to strategise and mobilise resources for collective action.</i></i></i></p>

Thèse numérisée par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

<p><br /> A number of programmes have been implemented in the field of development communication, with the specific aim of promoting social change among communities, and a series of studies have illustrated the positive effects of entertainment-education (EE) interventions on individuals variety of fields, including health, agriculture and sustainable development, and make use of a different range of media such as radio, television and theatre. In line with the theory and conceptual framework of the Integrated Model of Communication for Social Change (IMCSC), this research is intended to explore, empirically, how development communication programmes can foster collective action amongst community members. The research is based on a case study of Sesotho Media &amp / Development (SM&amp / D), a nongovernmental organisation that has been operating in Lesotho, using media to promote social transformation and individual change. For the past 10 years, SM&amp / D has been working in Lesotho using a methodology based on facilitated documentary screening with a specific focus on HIV/Aids-related issues, combined with capacity building programmes aimed at training facilitators among support groups, youth groups and prison inmates around the country. Both quantitative and qualitative research methods of enquiry were employed throughout the research. Common research tools used include questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions and observation. In addition, a variety of secondary sources of information, including evaluation reports, funding proposals and journal articles were reviewed. The results of the study reveal that development communication initiatives are able to foster collective forms of action by increasing the level of&nbsp / efficacy&nbsp / amongst the audience. Conclusions highlight that participatory development communication with an educational aim allows people to identify problems and to strategise and mobilise resources for collective action. </p> <p>&nbsp / </p>

<p align="left">A number of programmes have been implemented in the field of development communication, with the specific aim of promoting social change among communities, and a series of studies have illustrated the positive effects of entertainment-education (EE) interventions on individuals variety of fields, including health, agriculture and sustainable development, and make use of a different range of media such as radio, television and theatre. <font face="Times New Roman">In line with the theory and conceptual framework of the </font><i><font face="Times New Roman">Integrated Model of Communication </font><i><font face="Times New Roman">for Social Change </font><font face="Times New Roman">(IMCSC), this research is intended to explore, empirically, how </font>development communication programmes can foster collective action amongst community members. The research is based on a case study of Sesotho Media &amp / Development (SM&amp / D), a nongovernmental organisation that has been operating in Lesotho, using media to promote social transformation and individual change. For the past 10 years, SM&amp / D has been working in Lesotho using a methodology based on facilitated documentary screening with a specific focus on HIV/Aids-related issues, combined with capacity building programmes aimed at training facilitators among support groups, youth groups and prison inmates around the country. Both quantitative and qualitative research methods of enquiry were employed throughout the research. Common research tools used include questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions and observation. In addition, a variety of secondary sources of information, including evaluation reports, funding proposals and journal articles were reviewed. The results of the study reveal that development communication initiatives are able to foster collective forms of action by increasing the level of <i><font face="Times New Roman">efficacy </font><font face="Times New Roman">amongst the audience. </font>Conclusions highlight that participatory development communication with an educational aim allows people to identify problems and to strategise and mobilise resources for collective action.</i></i></i></p>

A number of programmes have been implemented in the field of development communication, with the specific aim of promoting social change among communities, and a series of studies have illustrated the positive effects of entertainment-education (EE) interventions on individuals’ behavioural change. These programmes can be applied in a variety of fields, including health, agriculture and sustainable development, and make use of a different range of media such as radio, television and theatre. In line with the theory and conceptual framework of the Integrated Model of Communication for Social Change (IMCSC), this research is intended to explore, empirically, how development communication programmes can foster collective action amongst community members. The research is based on a case study of Sesotho Media & Development (SM&D), a nongovernmental organisation that has been operating in Lesotho, using media to promote social transformation and individual change. For the past 10 years, SM&D has been working in Lesotho using a methodology based on facilitated documentary screening with a specific focus on HIV/Aids-related issues, combined with capacity building programmes aimed at training facilitators among support groups, youth groups and prison inmates around the country. Both quantitative and qualitative research methods of enquiry were employed throughout the research. Common research tools used include questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions and observation. In addition, a variety of secondary sources of information, including evaluation reports, funding proposals and journal articles were reviewed. The results of the study reveal that development communication initiatives are able to foster collective forms of action by increasing the level of efficacy amongst the audience. Conclusions highlight that participatory development communication with an educational aim allows people to identify problems and to strategise and mobilise resources for collective action. / Magister Artium (Development Studies) - MA(DVS)

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) / This thesis critically analyses collective action processes and outcomes in Community Forestry through the concept of embeddedness. This research focuses on the questions of when people cooperate, how and why collective action emerges and evolves, and what leads or does not lead to equitable outcomes. The thesis makes a fundamental distinction between equality and equity. The research focuses specifically on the Nepalese experience with Community Forestry (CF), which is regarded as one of the most progressive CF programs being implemented in one of the poorest countries in the world. The thesis adopts an integrated research approach involving multiple actors, scales and methods with a focus on local level CF processes and forest users. This study considers the Forest Users Group (FUG) as a unit for analysis. Field work was conducted in three FUGs from the mid-hill region of Nepal over seven months between August 2001 and February 2002. The field research moves downwards to the household level and upward to the district, national and international level actors. It employs a combination of the process analysis and actor oriented approach and qualitative and quantitative methods to understand how CF is being driven, who is driving it and why CF is advancing in a certain direction. The study shows that the emergence, evolution and outcomes of collective action in CF are complex and varied due to specific and changing socio-cultural, economic, political and ecological contexts. Without understanding the complexities, in which peoples’ motivation and collective action are embedded, we cannot explain the emergence and evolution of collective action in CF. This thesis challenges the rational choice tradition and some key points of Common Property Regimes (CPR) theory and highlights the concept of embeddedness in participatory natural resource management. The thesis highlights the problem of decentralised CF policy and the forest bureaucracy. Decentralisation universally imposes a formal democratic system based on equality without acknowledging unequal societies. In Nepal, there has been little reorganisation of the forest bureaucracy. Despite being an international model for community forestry, in Nepal the existing bureaucracy has been unable or unwilling to transfer knowledge to forest users. The thesis concludes by stating the need to avoid the pitfalls of some democratic principles associated with standardisation and formalism. This means transforming bureaucratic norms and ideology. Context is central for the sustainable and equitable management of natural resources. It must be further researched and applied in decision-making if CF is going to achieve its potential to improve the condition of forests and the welfare of rural people.

Le travail collectif est un défi considérable pour les organisations de santé, en particulier les hôpitaux publics. La complexité des structures, la pluralité des mains qui agissent et la variabilité des pratiques médicales suggestionnent la pratique collaborative. Dans un tel contexte, il convient de se pencher sur les dimensions de la collaboration interprofessionnelle permettant l’unicité de l’activité médicale. Ce concept prend une importance particulière si l’on considère que la dispensation des services de santé appelle de plus en plus à un haut degré de coordination entre les différents professionnels. Ce travail de recherche analyse la concrétisation de la collaboration interprofessionnelle dans le cas d’un CHU moyennant une méthodologie qualitative. En se basant sur les travaux précurseurs de D’Amour (1997), cette présente thèse identifie les principales dimensions de la collaboration interprofessionnelle ainsi que leur lien d’'interdépendance. / As the delivery of healthcare evolves to become more interconnected, coordinating care between nurses, pharmacists, physicians, social workers and other disciplines has become increasingly important. In its simplest form, inter professional collaboration is the practice of approaching patient care from a team-based perspective. Improved health care collaboration has been cited as a key strategy for health care reform. Collaboration in health care has been shown to improve patient outcomes. In a such area it’s interesting to examine the interprofessional collaborations’ dimensions. This work aims to highlight the construction of interprofessional collaboration using a qualitative research design based on the model of D’Amour (1997).

Resumo: O processo de desenvolvimento de uma região é a resultante de um conjunto de fatores exógenos e endógenos que delimitam ou ampliam sua dinâmica, que podem condicionar sua capacidade de internalização dos excedentes gerados localmente. Além da participação relativa da região no planejamento e alocação de recursos econômicos e financeiros, públicos e privados, voltados principalmente para a infraestrutura, como também do nível de sua representação política junto aos centros de decisões macroeconômicas, nacionais e estaduais, torna-se necessária a existência de condições institucionais que facilitem a articulação, a participação e a organização social voltadas para os interesses coletivos. A participação social, por sua vez, é reflexo das condições históricas que moldam as instituições e determinam o grau e a qualidade do capital social existente nas comunidades. O objetivo maior do trabalho de pesquisa é o de demonstrar por que a microrregião de Presidente Prudente tem se ressentido de um baixo dinamismo sócio-econômico no contexto do estado de São Paulo nos últimos cinqüenta anos e, ainda, o de tentar aferir o estoque de capital social existente, por meio da análise de dois estudos de caso. A forma de ocupação territorial, os conflitos fundiários que se perpetuam, o patrimonialismo herdado do processo colonizador português, o poder político verticalizado, a ascensão da pecuária bovina como importante atividade econômica regional que desestabiliza o trabalho no campo, podem ter sido alguns dos fatores determinantes para a percepção de estagnação que caracteriza a microrregião. / Abstract: The process of regional development is the result of both exogenous and endogenous factors, which can have positive or negative effects, conditioning the capacity of retaining the generated surpluses. Not only the region should take part in the planning and allocation of economical and financial resources, public or private, for infrastructure; it should posses a good political representation on the national and state macroeconomic decision centers; and also have institutional conditions that allow the articulation, the participation and the social organization for defending the community interests. Social participation, in turn, mirrors the historical conditions that have molded the institutions, and defines the degree and the quality of the social capital in the community. This work aims at explaining the low rates of economic and social development of the region of Presidente Prudente in the last fifty years, when compared with other regions of the São Paulo State; and also to assess the existing social capital stock by analyzing two cases. The territorial occupation, the unsolved land conflicts, the patrimonialism inherited from the Portuguese colonization, the verticalized political power, and the rise of an extensive livestock farming are key elements to explain the scarcity of social capital in the region of Presidente Prudente aswell as its impaired economic performance, making it stays among the poorest and less dynamic in São Paulo State. / Orientador: Antonio Nivaldo Hespanhol / Coorientador: Eliseu Savério Sposito / Banca: Élson Luciano Silva Pires / Banca: Célia Maria Santos Vieira de Medeiros / Mestre

105f. / Submitted by Oliveira Santos Dilzaná (dilznana@yahoo.com.br) on 2013-07-08T12:06:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 _Dissertação.pdf_ Lidiane Freitas Costa.pdf: 782754 bytes, checksum: b5e921bfea773cd2b5baf8db239acedd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Portela(anapoli@ufba.br) on 2013-07-09T16:37:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 _Dissertação.pdf_ Lidiane Freitas Costa.pdf: 782754 bytes, checksum: b5e921bfea773cd2b5baf8db239acedd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-07-09T16:37:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 _Dissertação.pdf_ Lidiane Freitas Costa.pdf: 782754 bytes, checksum: b5e921bfea773cd2b5baf8db239acedd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / CAPES / O principal objetivo deste trabalho é investigar quais são os limites e possibilidades dos agentes coletivos serem bem sucedidos em suas reivindicações políticas. Examinaremos como as organizações negras baianas constroem suas ações coletivas, bem como, buscaremos apreender a dinâmica interna das organizações, como os agentes constroem a ação organizada e quais são os principais problemas enfrentados por estes na construção da ação política. A pesquisa testou a hipótese de que as clivagens raciais, religiosas e político-partidárias constituem entraves para consolidação de alianças políticas entre as organizações dos movimentos negros estudadas. Para fundamentar os achados da pesquisa, nos apoiamos nas considerações de Olson (1965), notadamente sua análise sobre o comportamento dos indivíduos racionais nas modernas organizações, e Sartori (1987), a respeito das decisões políticas, de como elas são eleitas e impostas a todos independentemente de quem toma as decisões. As entrevistas semi-estruturadas, a análise documental e a observação participante forneceram o material de análise necessário para elaboração desta dissertação. Os resultados encontrados sugerem que o arranjo organizativo deficiente das organizações cria obstáculos para a construção da ação coletiva mesmo em grupos pequenos; a dificuldade de mobilização dos membros é um problema que atinge todas as entidades estudadas e cria um importante impasse para o sucesso da ação organizada; as convicções políticas, ideológicas e religiosas dos membros restringem as entidades a pequenos círculos de solidariedade. Por conseguinte, constituem entraves significativos para consolidação de alianças que aumentariam as possibilidades de obtenção de benefícios coletivos, razão de existência destas organizações. The main purpose of this work is to investigate what are the limits and possibilities of collective agents succeed in their political claims. We will examine how Bahia’s black organizations build their collective actions as well as we seek to learn the internal dynamics of the organizations, how the agents build the organized action and figure the main problems faced by them in the construction of political action. The research tested the hypotheses that racial, religious and electoral alliance cleavages constitute obstacles to the consolidation of political alliances among the organizations of the black movements that were studied. In order to substantiate the findings of the research, we rely on considerations of Olson (1965), especially his analysis about the behavior of rational individuals in modern organizations, and Sartori (1987), about political decisions, how they are chosen and imposed to everyone regardless of who makes the decisions. The semi –structured interviews, the documental analysis and the active observation provided the necessary analysis material to elaborate this Master’s thesis. The results obtained suggest that the deficient organizational arrangement of the organizations creates barriers to the building of the collective action even in small groups; the difficulty of mobilizing members is a problem that affects all the studied organizations and creates a significant obstacle for the success of the organized action; the political, ideological and religious convictions of the members restrain the entities to small groups of sympathy. Therefore, they constitute major problems to the consolidation of alliances that would increase the possibilities of obtaining collective benefits, reason of existence for these organizations. / Salvador

The current study utilized two experiments to assess Smith's (1981) simple per capita-maximization model, which provides a quantitative framework for predicting optimal group sizes in social foraging contexts. Participants engaged in a social foraging task where they chose to forage for points exchangeable for lottery prizes either alone or in a group that has agreed to pool and share all resources equally. In Experiment 1, groups (“settlements”) of 10 or 12 participants made repeated group membership choices. Settlements were exposed to three conditions in which the optimal group size was either 2, 5, or 2 for the 10 person settlement or 3, 4, or 6 for the 12 person settlement. A linear regression of the data from Experiment 1 revealed a strong relationship between the observed group sizes and group sizes predicted by the simple per capita maximization model. Experiment 2 was a systematic replication of Experiment 1 in which single participants foraged for shared resources with groups of automated players in a computerized simulation. Automated player group choices mirrored group choices of participants in Experiment 1; excluding the data for the best performing participant. Thus, the participant acted essentially in the stead of the best performing participant for each condition. Two logistic regressions provided mixed support for the model, while failing to replicate the results of Experiment 1, providing mixed support for the use of the simple per capita maximization model in predicting group sizes in social foraging contexts.