Cette thèse porte sur le tourisme durable et son impact sur le développement régional. Alors que les démarches de développement durable sont souvent envisagées dans une logique de développement descendant (top down), nous privilégions dans ce travail une approche ascendante (bottom up) qui mobilise les énergies de terrain et les transforme en intelligence collective. Cette approche se retrouve dans le concept d’intelligence territoriale. L’intelligence territoriale (Masselot 2008; Bertacchini 2004) pose l’hypothèse que le développement d’un territoire est entre les mains des acteurs territoriaux. Faire de l’intelligence territoriale, c’est comprendre le maillage entre différentes familles d’acteurs poursuivant chacun leur objectif propre. C’est aussi mobiliser les acteurs de terrain autour d’un projet partagé. Une des contributions de ce travail est de présenter une « boîte à outils » interdisciplinaire constituée d’outils méthodologiques complémentaires au service d’un état des lieux d’un système complexe, le territoire étudié. Les outils que nous avons retenus reposent tous sur la nature interactionniste des données et des acteurs territoriaux. La clé pour comprendre un territoire nous semble être la compréhension fine des interactions entre ses acteurs (institutionnels, publics, privés, associatifs, éducatifs…), l’interaction entre les variables qui le décrivent (environnementales, économiques, sociales, politiques, endogènes, exogènes...). Les outils méthodologiques que nous proposons de mobiliser appartiennent à des horizons scientifiques distincts. Ainsi parmi les 3 méthodes que nous avons mobilisées, la méthode MERI, d’origine Roumaine (Robu et Macoveanu, 2010) a été développée dans un contexte d’ingénierie environnementale. La méthode d’analyse structurelle, d’origine française(Godet 2001a,b,c), a été développée dans le domaine des sciences de gestion et de la prospective stratégique. Enfin la méthode d’analyse réseau, née en sociologie des organisations (Wasserman et Faust, 1994) est largement utilisée en sciences de l’information et de la communication (Boutin, 1999). Notre approche théorique s’appuie sur un travail de terrain qui a été conduit au sein de la microrégion de Sucéava (Roumanie). Cette région présente des avantages physiques et géographiques qui en font une des premières places touristiques de Roumanie. Ce travail de recherche conduit à aborder des concepts appartenant à des champs disciplinaires distincts. Assez naturellement, ce travail de thèse est donc interdisciplinaire : - le domaine applicatif du tourisme, est inscrit en sciences de gestion de même que la méthodologie d’analyse structurelle que nous avons retenue ;- les perspectives de développement régional s’inscrivent davantage en sciences économiques ;- l’intérêt manifesté par la durabilité conduit à intégrer une approche environnementale que l’on retrouve en génie de l’environnement et qui se retrouve dans la méthode MERI ;-enfin certains concepts (intelligence territoriale) et outils (analyse réseau) sont issus ou travaillés en sciences de l’information et de la communication. Cette interdisciplinarité constitue une richesse de ce travail et justifie le choix de cette cotutelle dans laquelle se trouvent présentes les dimensions environnementales et information-communication / This PhD thesis focuses on the sustainable tourism and on its impact on the regional development. While the researches concerning the sustainable development are frequently conceived according to a descendant logic (a top-down perspective), we applied in our work an ascending approach (a bottom-up perspective) that takes into consideration the field energies and transforms them into collective intelligence. This approach is based on the concept of territorial intelligence. The territorial intelligence (Masselot 2008; Bertacchini 2004) puts forward the hypothesis according to which the development of a territory is in the hands of the territorial actors. The implementation of the concept of territorial intelligence means the comprehension of the network created by different families of actors, each having its own objective. The implementation of this concept also means the grouping of the field actors around a shared project. One of the contributions of the thesis herein resides in the fact that it presents an interdisciplinary “toolkit” implying complementary methodological tools that’s serve a specific situation form a complex system, namely the studied territory. The tools used in our research are all based on the interactionist nature of the data and of the territorial actors. The key element of the comprehension of a territory is, in our opinion, the in-depth study of the interactions between its actors (institutional, public, private, associative, educational actors…), as well as the interaction between the variables that describe these actors (environmental, economical, social, political, endogenous, exogenous variables…). The methodological tools that we applied in our research belong to various scientific horizons. Thus, from the 3 methods implemented by us, the MERI method, a Romanian one (Robu et Macoveanu, 2010) was developed in the environmental engineering field. The structural analysis method, developed in France (Godet 2001 a,b,c), was created in the management field and in the strategic prospective field. Finally, the network analysis method, conceived in the sociology of organizations (Wasserman and Faust, 1994) is largely used in the information and communication sciences (Boutin, 1999).Our theoretical approach is based on a groundwork that was carried out in the micro-region of Suceava (Romania). This region has physical and geographical advantages, being one of the most important tourist attractions in Romania. This research work required the use of several concepts belonging to different fields. Therefore, our research work is an interdisciplinary one: - the applicative field of tourism, as well as the structural analysis methodology used in our research, belong to the management sciences;- the regional development approach rather belongs to the economics; - the interest for sustainability led us to the implementation of an environmental approach, specific to the environmental technology; it is present in case of the MERI method;- finally, various concepts (such as the territorial intelligence) and tools (such as the network analysis) belong to the information and communication sciences. The interdisciplinary nature of our research represents the specific of this work and explains the joint supervision of this PhD thesis that gets together the environmental and the informative-communicative dimensions.

Avec le développement des objets connectés, les agents embarqués déployés dans des environnements physiques et les applications multi-agents qui les impliquent deviennent de plus en plus populaires. Ces systèmes multi-agents sont amenés à partager le même environnement physique. Cette cohabitation d'agents de systèmes différents, qui n'ont pas nécessairement été prévus pour interagir entre eux par les concepteurs, les amène cependant à se solliciter. Un agent peut alors participer à la réalisation d'objectifs incompatibles avec les siens ou ceux de ses collectifs. Pour éviter ces situations, nous proposons un modèle d'agent basé sur les identités pour l'aider à décider de sa participation ou non à des actions collectives. / Embedded agents deployed in physical environments are increasingly interoperable, and are likely to coexist with agents of others systems in a same physical space. So, an agent needs to be able to cooperate with agents from other systems and to form coalitions with unfamiliar teammates. However, before committing to cooperate with others, an agent must take into account that it may get involved in the achievement of objectives that are incompatible with its own, with the global objectives of its system, or with those derived from its previously joined coalitions. To avoid such situations, we propose an identity-based cooperation mechanism. This mechanism involves creating and sustaining the agent identity, and a commitment process to reason about identities when solicited to participate in a collective trans-MAS action.

Cette recherche menée au sein de l’organisation GRDF rassemble à la fois l’instrumentation numérique à vocation sociotechnique et l’Intelligence Collective afin d’interroger la capacité de construction de l’organisation par ses membres à travers une notion présentée : l’ « eXpérience Organisation ». Ces transformations de l’entreprise répondent à des tendances dans le secteur énergétique (transition écologique) et à des attentes des salariés de l’entreprise.Après avoir présenté l’hybridité de l’organisation étudiée et son inscription dans la « Société de l’Information », l’accent est mis sur des objets scientifiques questionnés par les Sciences de l’Information et de la Communication : la connaissance, les dispositifs sociotechniques et l’Intelligence Collective. Fruits d’une observation participante, deux cas pratiques issus du terrain GRDF sont exposés et analysés tout au long de ce travail de recherche : la co-construction d’un dispositif sociotechnique (le projet Tuilage) et l’émergence d’une Intelligence Collective autour du système d’information de GRDF avec la communauté Hack@demy. Complémentaires, ces deux projets interrogent l’organisation sous le prisme info-communicationnel. Ils mettent en exergue l’évolution de l’organisation. / This research conducted within the national gas distributor in France GRDF combines sociotechnical and Collective Intelligence in order to question the company’s ability to be self-constructed by its employees trought the concept of organizational experience. These corporate’s transformations respond to trends in the energy sector (ecological transition) and to the employees’ expectations. The organization tends towards a so call meta-organization.After presenting the hybridity of the studied organization, its inscription in the "Information Society", the emphasis is placed on Information and Communication Sciences’ objects: knowledge, sociotechnical devices and Collective Intelligence. Resulting of a participant observation, two cases studies from GRDF are presented and studied throughout this research: the co-construction of a sociotechnical system (project Tuilage) and the emergence of a Collective Intelligence, Hack@demy, inside the information system of the company. Complementary, these two projects use an info-communicational approach to highlight the evolution of the company

Abstract Title: Wikipedia as a source? Is it accepted in the studies of Media and Communications at Uppsala University? (Wikipedia som källa? Är det accepterat vid studier i ämnet medie- och kommunikationsvetenskap vid Uppsala universitet?) Number of pages: 38 (39 including enclosures) Author: Susanna Salomon Tutor: Else Nygren Course: Media and Communication Studies C Period: Autumn 2007 University: Division of Media and Communication, Department of Information Science, Uppsala University Purpose/ Aim: The purpose is to study whether or not the Internet encyclopedia Wikipedia is an accepted source when a student writes a paper in Media and Communications at Uppsala University Material/ Method: Qualitative research method based on interviews with teachers and on litterature. Main results: The study shows that there is no common view within the faculty whether or not Wikipedia could be used as a source when writing a paper in Media and Communications. Some accept it, others do not. The results show that the teachers of this subject at Uppsala University have not yet decided upon how to adjust to the new large information bank wich is Wikipedia. Keywords: Wikipedia, Uppsala University, sources, reliability, objectivity, collective intelligence, the Internet

The purpose of this study is to explore the Swedish site Funbeat which is a space dedicated to people who share an interest in exercising in general, and running in particular. By applying a netnographic analysis, I will investigate if Funbeat matches the criteria of a participatory culture and how the members manage to establish a collective intelligence within the community. In order to achieve this, I will analyze the interactivity between the participants which occurs in discussion threads concerning injuries related to running, in the sites discussion forum. The results will then be discussed in relation to previous research within the field for participatory culture, collective intelligence and interactivity. The outcome of the study revealed that Funbeat can be regarded as very good example of a participatory culture. By each member sharing their individual knowledge in matters regarding injuries, a collective intelligence was established. This knowledge has been acquired by personal experience, by consulting a physiotherapist or by sharing information which intend to serve as self-help for other members.

In economy nowadays, the act of innovation is in general social; it requires the management of knowledge, and the techniques and methodologies to drive it. Innovation is not the product of one isolated intelligence, instead, it is the result of a multi-disciplinary workgroup lead by a process or a methodology. The conceptual design, which is found in the first stages of the innovation process, represents one of the most important challenges in industry nowadays. One of the main challenges faced by chemical industries related to the conceptual design phase is to provide the means in the form of methods and computational tools, for solving problems systematically, at the same time that benefiting from the collective efforts of individual intelligences involved. Hence, the main objective of this work is to provide a solution to improve the creative capacity of a team involved in the innovation process, in particular the preliminary (critical) phase of conceptual design. Consequently, it is important to understand the techniques, methods and tools that best support the generation of novel ideas and creative solutions. In addition, it is necessary to study the contribution of information and communication technologies as the mean to support collaboration. Web technologies are considered as complementary tools to implement methods and techniques in collaborative design, and particularly in the conceptual design stage. These technologies allow setting up distributed collaborative environments to bring together the resources and the experts who can relate the existing pieces of knowledge to new contexts. It is the synergy created in this kind of environment, which allow producing valuable concepts and ideas in the form of Collective Intelligence. Nevertheless in most existing solutions for collective intelligence or crowdsourcing environments, they do not report the use of a particular methodology to improve the participants' creativity. The solution in this work describes a social network service that enables users to cooperatively solve problems oriented (but not limited) to the phase of conceptual design. In this work we propose that the use of Collective Intelligence in combination with the model TRIZ-CBR could lead the creative efforts in a team to develop innovative solutions. With this work we are looking for connecting experts from one particular field, TRIZ practitioners and stakeholders with the objective to solve problems in collaboration unlashing the collective intelligence to improve creativity. This work uses the basis of the concept named "Open CAI 2.0" to propose a solution in the form of a theoretical framework. The contributions seek to move the development of the field in Computer Aided Innovation a step forward.

A partir da contextualização da colaboração enquanto processo integrante da inteligência coletiva (LÉVY, 2003) e da sabedoria das multidões (SUROWIECKI, 2006), este trabalho visa estudar o conflito como importante fator destes processos coletivos. Os desequilíbrios fazem parte da trajetória humana, porém, percebe-se a recorrente intenção de os vislumbrar como questões negativas e de aniquilação das relações, deixando de lado sua faceta de potencialidade à impulsão de uma reconfiguração benéfica do processo em que atua. Uma prática interessante no estudo dos conflitos na colaboração é a escrita coletiva online. A independência de espaço e tempo e a multiplicidade de vozes que podem incidir em um projeto textual abrem espaço para negociações, debates e tensões de diversas naturezas. Além disso, também se verifica uma visão por vezes demasiada otimista, que acaba relevando as questões estruturais, dinâmicas e comportamentais nos processos de produção de sentido e os conflitos que podem surgir a partir disso. Nesse sentido, questiona-se: qual a influência dos conflitos no processo de escrita coletiva online? Este projeto, através de pesquisa teórica e empírica, procura responder a esta questão sob uma perspectiva comunicacional, que leve em consideração as relações e interações para além da harmonia permanente atribuída a estes processos por diversas áreas do conhecimento. Para a verificação empírica apresentam-se dois projetos colaborativos de produção textual: a Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre de larga utilização e popularidade e o projeto do Laboratório de Interação Mediada por Computador da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, o Co-dex, o dicionário social, ambiente criado para abarcar conceitos, resenhas e biografias da área da comunicação e da ciência da informação. Em ambos foram realizadas observações sistemáticas para verificação das tensões provenientes da interação e produção coletiva a fim de que, juntamente com o aporte teórico desenvolvido, a questão norteadora deste trabalho pudesse ser investigada. Conclui-se que os conflitos que permeiam os processos colaborativos de produção de sentido dizem respeito a aspectos de ordem textual e de ordem relacional e que estes se encontram conexos na medida em que exercem influência um no outro. Acredita-se que as tensões possuem forte relevância no desenvolvimento das relações entre os colaboradores e na construção de conteúdo no sentido de instaurar os desequilíbrios necessários a uma "reequilibração majorante" (PIAGET, 1977). / From the context of collaboration as a process of the collective intelligence (LÉVY, 2003) and wisdom of crowds (SUROWIECKI, 2006) this work aims to study the conflict as an important factor of these collective processes. The imbalances are part of human history, however, recurrently we find a purpose to see this issues as negative and of annihilation of relations, leaving aside the aspect of the potential impulsion to beneficial reconfiguration of the process in which it operates. An interesting practice in the study of conflicts in collaboration is the online collective writing. The independence of space and time and the multiplicity of voices that can focus on a project textual, opens space for negotiations, debates and tensions of various kinds. In addition, sometimes there is too optimistic view, which relieves the issues of structural, dynamics and behavior in the production of meaning and the conflict that may arise from it. In this sense, is questioned: what is the influence of conflicts in the process of online collective writing? This project, through theoretical and empirical research, seeks to answer this question in a communicational perspective, which takes into account the relationships and interactions beyond the harmony permanently assigned to these processes for various areas of knowledge. For the empirical verification are presented two collaborative projects of textual production: the Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, wide used and with popularity and the project of the Laboratory of Computer-mediated Interaction of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, the Co-dex, the social dictionary, environment created for concepts, reviews and biographies of the area of communication and information science. In both observations were made for systematic verification of the tensions from the interaction and collective production so that, together with the developed theoretical contribution, the guiding question of this work could be investigated. It is concluded that the conflicts that permeate the processes of collaborative production of meaning relate to aspects of a textual and relational order and that they are related and influence each other. It is believed that the tensions have strong relevance in the development of relations between the collaborators and building content to introduce imbalances needed for a "majorant reequilibration" (Piaget, 1977).

A partir da contextualização da colaboração enquanto processo integrante da inteligência coletiva (LÉVY, 2003) e da sabedoria das multidões (SUROWIECKI, 2006), este trabalho visa estudar o conflito como importante fator destes processos coletivos. Os desequilíbrios fazem parte da trajetória humana, porém, percebe-se a recorrente intenção de os vislumbrar como questões negativas e de aniquilação das relações, deixando de lado sua faceta de potencialidade à impulsão de uma reconfiguração benéfica do processo em que atua. Uma prática interessante no estudo dos conflitos na colaboração é a escrita coletiva online. A independência de espaço e tempo e a multiplicidade de vozes que podem incidir em um projeto textual abrem espaço para negociações, debates e tensões de diversas naturezas. Além disso, também se verifica uma visão por vezes demasiada otimista, que acaba relevando as questões estruturais, dinâmicas e comportamentais nos processos de produção de sentido e os conflitos que podem surgir a partir disso. Nesse sentido, questiona-se: qual a influência dos conflitos no processo de escrita coletiva online? Este projeto, através de pesquisa teórica e empírica, procura responder a esta questão sob uma perspectiva comunicacional, que leve em consideração as relações e interações para além da harmonia permanente atribuída a estes processos por diversas áreas do conhecimento. Para a verificação empírica apresentam-se dois projetos colaborativos de produção textual: a Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre de larga utilização e popularidade e o projeto do Laboratório de Interação Mediada por Computador da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, o Co-dex, o dicionário social, ambiente criado para abarcar conceitos, resenhas e biografias da área da comunicação e da ciência da informação. Em ambos foram realizadas observações sistemáticas para verificação das tensões provenientes da interação e produção coletiva a fim de que, juntamente com o aporte teórico desenvolvido, a questão norteadora deste trabalho pudesse ser investigada. Conclui-se que os conflitos que permeiam os processos colaborativos de produção de sentido dizem respeito a aspectos de ordem textual e de ordem relacional e que estes se encontram conexos na medida em que exercem influência um no outro. Acredita-se que as tensões possuem forte relevância no desenvolvimento das relações entre os colaboradores e na construção de conteúdo no sentido de instaurar os desequilíbrios necessários a uma "reequilibração majorante" (PIAGET, 1977). / From the context of collaboration as a process of the collective intelligence (LÉVY, 2003) and wisdom of crowds (SUROWIECKI, 2006) this work aims to study the conflict as an important factor of these collective processes. The imbalances are part of human history, however, recurrently we find a purpose to see this issues as negative and of annihilation of relations, leaving aside the aspect of the potential impulsion to beneficial reconfiguration of the process in which it operates. An interesting practice in the study of conflicts in collaboration is the online collective writing. The independence of space and time and the multiplicity of voices that can focus on a project textual, opens space for negotiations, debates and tensions of various kinds. In addition, sometimes there is too optimistic view, which relieves the issues of structural, dynamics and behavior in the production of meaning and the conflict that may arise from it. In this sense, is questioned: what is the influence of conflicts in the process of online collective writing? This project, through theoretical and empirical research, seeks to answer this question in a communicational perspective, which takes into account the relationships and interactions beyond the harmony permanently assigned to these processes for various areas of knowledge. For the empirical verification are presented two collaborative projects of textual production: the Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, wide used and with popularity and the project of the Laboratory of Computer-mediated Interaction of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, the Co-dex, the social dictionary, environment created for concepts, reviews and biographies of the area of communication and information science. In both observations were made for systematic verification of the tensions from the interaction and collective production so that, together with the developed theoretical contribution, the guiding question of this work could be investigated. It is concluded that the conflicts that permeate the processes of collaborative production of meaning relate to aspects of a textual and relational order and that they are related and influence each other. It is believed that the tensions have strong relevance in the development of relations between the collaborators and building content to introduce imbalances needed for a "majorant reequilibration" (Piaget, 1977).

Submitted by ANGELA HALEN CLARO FRANCO (angelahalen@gmail.com) on 2018-02-15T18:53:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Inteligência coletiva_manifetações nos ambientes digitais__Angela Halen Claro Franco_Depósito Definitivo.pdf: 1897727 bytes, checksum: d474074df94bff0a9ec484191f272132 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Satie Tagara (satie@marilia.unesp.br) on 2018-02-16T11:37:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 franco_ahc_dr_mar.pdf: 1897727 bytes, checksum: d474074df94bff0a9ec484191f272132 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-16T11:37:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 franco_ahc_dr_mar.pdf: 1897727 bytes, checksum: d474074df94bff0a9ec484191f272132 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-30 / Não recebi financiamento / Os estudos em inteligência coletiva têm revelado que as atividades dos indivíduos em grupos apresentam diferentes manifestações, as quais podem ser identificadas como compartilhamento, cooperação e ação coletiva. Defende-se como tese que quanto maior o nível de comprometimento de uma determinada comunidade, maiores as possibilidades da inteligência coletiva resultar em produção de conteúdo; quanto mais possibilidades de produção objetiva de conteúdo, maior a presença direta da Ciência da Informação, e quanto menos produção objetiva de conteúdo mais desafiadora é a atuação dessa ciência, uma vez que sua atenção será sobre os processos de informação. Dessa forma, pretende-se propor um arcabouço epistemológico para a reflexão da inteligência coletiva no âmbito dos estudos em Informação e Tecnologia. Para tanto, a partir de uma pesquisa exploratória, conduzida pelo aspecto bibliográfico, o estudo se propôs a investigar as diferentes manifestações da inteligência coletiva – o compartilhamento, a cooperação e a ação coletiva; definir um modelo para a análise de ambientes digitais que aparentam a cultivação da inteligência coletiva; compreender a trajetória evolutiva dos ambientes digitais que tiveram como foco a inteligência coletiva; analisar, mediante ao modelo criado, os ambientes digitais definidos. Os ambientes selecionados para análise foram o YouTube, Facebook e a Wikipédia. Observou-se que as manifestações analisadas são variáveis que compõem a inteligência coletiva, e que os ideais de inteligência coletiva são observáveis na trajetória das tecnologias computacionais até o desenvolvimento dos softwares sociais. Por meio do modelo construído, foi observado que o compartilhamento foi a manifestação predominante nas redes sociais analisadas, e que a cooperação, expressa pela produção colaborativa, foi a manifestação que obteve mais evidência no âmbito da Wikipédia. Notou-se que, no contexto dos ambientes digitais que se apropriam da inteligência coletiva, as preocupações da Ciência da Informação ora se direcionam para suas práticas centrais, voltadas para a organização e representação de conteúdos objetivos dotados de valor semântico, ora para a compreensão de processos de informação e comportamento de usuários nos ambientes de informação. / The studies in collective intelligence have revealed that the activities of individuals in groups present different manifestations, which can be identified as sharing, cooperation and collective action. It is defended as thesis that the greater the level of commitment of a determined community, the greater the possibilities of the collective intelligence result in the objective production of content; the more possibilities of objective production of content, the greater the direct presence of Information Science, and the less objective production of content more challenging is the performance of this science, since its attention will be on information processes. In this way, its intend to propose an epistemological framework for the reflection of collective intelligence in the scope of studies in Information and Technology. To do so, based on an exploratory research, steering by the bibliographical aspect, the study proposed to investigate the different manifestations of collective intelligence - sharing, cooperation and collective action; to define a model for the analysis of digital environments that appear to cultivate collective intelligence; to understand the evolutionary trajectory of digital environments that focused on collective intelligence; to analyze, through the created model, the defined digital environments. The environments selected for analysis were YouTube, Facebook, and Wikipedia. Its observed that the analyzed manifestations are variables that make up the collective intelligence, and that the ideals of collective intelligence are observable in the trajectory of computational technologies until the development of social software. Through the built model, its observed that sharing was the predominant manifestation in the analyzed social networks, and that the cooperation, expressed by the collaborative production, was the manifestation that obtained the most evidence within Wikipedia. Its noted that, in the context of digital environments that appropriate collective intelligence, the concerns of Information Science sometimes are focused on its central practices, aimed at organization and representation of objective content endowed with semantic value, and sometimes to understanding of information processes and user behavior in information environments.

A partir da contextualização da colaboração enquanto processo integrante da inteligência coletiva (LÉVY, 2003) e da sabedoria das multidões (SUROWIECKI, 2006), este trabalho visa estudar o conflito como importante fator destes processos coletivos. Os desequilíbrios fazem parte da trajetória humana, porém, percebe-se a recorrente intenção de os vislumbrar como questões negativas e de aniquilação das relações, deixando de lado sua faceta de potencialidade à impulsão de uma reconfiguração benéfica do processo em que atua. Uma prática interessante no estudo dos conflitos na colaboração é a escrita coletiva online. A independência de espaço e tempo e a multiplicidade de vozes que podem incidir em um projeto textual abrem espaço para negociações, debates e tensões de diversas naturezas. Além disso, também se verifica uma visão por vezes demasiada otimista, que acaba relevando as questões estruturais, dinâmicas e comportamentais nos processos de produção de sentido e os conflitos que podem surgir a partir disso. Nesse sentido, questiona-se: qual a influência dos conflitos no processo de escrita coletiva online? Este projeto, através de pesquisa teórica e empírica, procura responder a esta questão sob uma perspectiva comunicacional, que leve em consideração as relações e interações para além da harmonia permanente atribuída a estes processos por diversas áreas do conhecimento. Para a verificação empírica apresentam-se dois projetos colaborativos de produção textual: a Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre de larga utilização e popularidade e o projeto do Laboratório de Interação Mediada por Computador da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, o Co-dex, o dicionário social, ambiente criado para abarcar conceitos, resenhas e biografias da área da comunicação e da ciência da informação. Em ambos foram realizadas observações sistemáticas para verificação das tensões provenientes da interação e produção coletiva a fim de que, juntamente com o aporte teórico desenvolvido, a questão norteadora deste trabalho pudesse ser investigada. Conclui-se que os conflitos que permeiam os processos colaborativos de produção de sentido dizem respeito a aspectos de ordem textual e de ordem relacional e que estes se encontram conexos na medida em que exercem influência um no outro. Acredita-se que as tensões possuem forte relevância no desenvolvimento das relações entre os colaboradores e na construção de conteúdo no sentido de instaurar os desequilíbrios necessários a uma "reequilibração majorante" (PIAGET, 1977). / From the context of collaboration as a process of the collective intelligence (LÉVY, 2003) and wisdom of crowds (SUROWIECKI, 2006) this work aims to study the conflict as an important factor of these collective processes. The imbalances are part of human history, however, recurrently we find a purpose to see this issues as negative and of annihilation of relations, leaving aside the aspect of the potential impulsion to beneficial reconfiguration of the process in which it operates. An interesting practice in the study of conflicts in collaboration is the online collective writing. The independence of space and time and the multiplicity of voices that can focus on a project textual, opens space for negotiations, debates and tensions of various kinds. In addition, sometimes there is too optimistic view, which relieves the issues of structural, dynamics and behavior in the production of meaning and the conflict that may arise from it. In this sense, is questioned: what is the influence of conflicts in the process of online collective writing? This project, through theoretical and empirical research, seeks to answer this question in a communicational perspective, which takes into account the relationships and interactions beyond the harmony permanently assigned to these processes for various areas of knowledge. For the empirical verification are presented two collaborative projects of textual production: the Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, wide used and with popularity and the project of the Laboratory of Computer-mediated Interaction of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, the Co-dex, the social dictionary, environment created for concepts, reviews and biographies of the area of communication and information science. In both observations were made for systematic verification of the tensions from the interaction and collective production so that, together with the developed theoretical contribution, the guiding question of this work could be investigated. It is concluded that the conflicts that permeate the processes of collaborative production of meaning relate to aspects of a textual and relational order and that they are related and influence each other. It is believed that the tensions have strong relevance in the development of relations between the collaborators and building content to introduce imbalances needed for a "majorant reequilibration" (Piaget, 1977).