Bibliografický záznam KOUNOVSKÝ, Josef. Crowdfunding v českém prostředí a jeho využití v proměňujícím se hudebním průmyslu. Praha, 2014. 94 s. Diplomová práce (Mgr.) Univerzita Karlova, Fakulta sociálních věd, Institut komunikačních studií a žurnalistiky. Katedra mediálních studií. Vedoucí diplomové práce Mgr. Jaroslav Švelch, Ph.D. Abstract This thesis addresses the issue of crowdfunding in the Czech Republic and its utilization in the changing music industry. It focuses on the specifics that the local version of crowdfunding brings with itself and the motivation of musicians to use this not very familiar method of financing. At the same time, the thesis also puts crowdfunding in the context of today's music culture and points out the mechanics behind crowdfunding that make it successful abroad. The thesis briefly outlines the changes in the music industry, which occur with the development of new media. The research part of the thesis provides a qualitative analysis of five crowdfunding campaigns that took place since autumn 2013 to the present day. The analysis is based on in-depth interviews with project creators. The analysis shows that the Czech crowdfunding is still in its infancy and can not yet be seen as a full-fledged local version of crowdfunding as we know from abroad. The major differences can...

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Två grundpelare för att ett nystartat företagande ska nå tillväxt är behovet av finansiella resurser och kunder. Båda delarna kan vara avgörande om ett företag överlever de utmanande första åren. En bredare kundbas kan leda till flera marknadsföringsfördelar vilket är ett noga studerat ämne. Från ett företags synvinkel kan fler kundrelationer betyda lojala kunder som också är nödvändiga informationskällor. Ur en kunds perspektiv kan en nära relation skapa en tydligare trygghet och bidra till mer givande produkter. En betydande kundbas kan nås via flertalet marknadsföringsstrategier men för nya företag kan dessa vara svåra att applicera eftersom de ofta har bristande kunskap och kapital. Crowdfunding har blivit en allt vanligare finansieringsmetod som kan hjälpa ett företag med att skaffa kapital genom mindre belopp som samlas in från många aktörer. Samtidigt som företaget finansieras så innebär metoden att företag säljer sitt erbjudande och sprider sitt budskap till många människor. Crowdfunding har därför möjlighet att bidra till den andra grundpelaren genom fler kunder till ett företag. Tidigare forskning inom ämnet crowdfunding visar på de finansiella fördelarna med metoden samt vilka faktorer som är viktiga för en lyckad kampanj. Tidigare studier tangerar bara ämnet alternativa marknadsföringsfördelar som en kund potentiellt kan bidra med genom sitt engagemang. Syftet med studien är att identifiera marknadsföringsfördelar med finansieringsmetoden för nya företag samt ge praktiska rekommendationer till företag som överväger att använda crowdfunding som finansieringsmetod. För att undersöka hur kunder genom crowdfunding kan bidra till marknadsföringen i ett företag så har vi analyserat avslutade crowdfundingprojekt på hemsidan Kickstarter. Vi har haft åtta djupintervjuer med respondenter från företagen som drivit kampanjerna. Vår teoretiska referensram, som handlar om crowdfunding, kundrelationer, kundengagemang och tillväxt har sedan kopplats till respondenternas intervjuer för att svara på vår frågeställning. Hur kan kunder via crowdfunding bidra till marknadsföringen i nya företag? Resultatet av vår studie visar att kunder kan bidra till marknadsföringen i ett nytt företag via crowdfunding på flera sätt. De främsta bidragen är att backarna är mer aktiva, har högre engagemang och ger spridning som leder till en ökad hastighet av uppstartsfasen i ett nytt företag.

Submitted by PPG Comunica??o Social (famecos-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-04-04T17:17:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GABRIEL_GALLI_DIS.pdf: 2474747 bytes, checksum: ba251286f34daa76873a959a389071b7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Tatiana Lopes (tatiana.lopes@pucrs.br) on 2018-04-13T12:31:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 GABRIEL_GALLI_DIS.pdf: 2474747 bytes, checksum: ba251286f34daa76873a959a389071b7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-13T12:36:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GABRIEL_GALLI_DIS.pdf: 2474747 bytes, checksum: ba251286f34daa76873a959a389071b7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-15 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / This research deals with crowdfunding of journalism as a possibility of alternative financing in a scenario marked by successive layoffs and downsizing of newsrooms in Brazil. Crowdfunding practices are also used as indicators of the changes in journalists' practices. It is based on the ideas that technological changes from the 1990s have contributed to the development of a convergence culture and a cognitive capitalism. A multi-case study was developed and was supported by semi-structured interviews with six journalists who have already participated in crowdfunding projects for their own journalistic products or initiatives. As main conclusions, it is identified the difficulty of journalists in dealing with entrepreneurship, administration and management, the dissatisfaction of professionals with the routine in newsrooms of traditional media companies, the importance of forming communities around the projects and the need to deal with the effects of constant job insecurity. / Esta disserta??o trata do crowdfunding ou financiamento coletivo do jornalismo como uma possibilidade de financiamento alternativo em um cen?rio marcado por sucessivas demiss?es e enxugamento das reda??es no Brasil. Utiliza-se tamb?m as pr?ticas de financiamento coletivo como indicadores das mudan?as nas formas de atua??o de jornalistas. Baseia-se nas ideias de que as mudan?as tecnol?gicas a partir da d?cada de 1990 colaboraram para o desenvolvimento de uma cultura da converg?ncia e capitalismo cognitivo. Foi desenvolvido um estudo de casos m?ltiplos que teve como suporte entrevistas semiestruturadas com seis jornalistas que j? participaram de projetos de crowdfunding para seus pr?prios produtos jornal?sticos ou de suas iniciativas. Como principais conclus?es, identifica-se a dificuldade de jornalistas lidarem com empreendedorismo, administra??o e gest?o, o descontentamento dos profissionais com a rotina nas reda??es de ve?culos de comunica??o tradicionais, a import?ncia da forma??o de comunidades em torno dos projetos que almejam financiamento coletivo pela internet e a necessidade de lidar com efeitos de precariza??es constantes de trabalho.

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2017-06-06T13:40:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Mariana Delgado Monteiro de Araújo_.pdf: 590386 bytes, checksum: 741b396888189af9f91c2c70cc2b86c7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-06T13:40:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mariana Delgado Monteiro de Araújo_.pdf: 590386 bytes, checksum: 741b396888189af9f91c2c70cc2b86c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-28 / Nenhuma / As redes sociais estão sendo utilizadas para realizar trabalhos colaborativos, utilizando a inteligência das multidões. Todos podem colaborar com ideias sem importar quando o farão ou a que distância estão. Nessa lógica, surgem iniciativas como o crowdsourcing, para resolução de problemas ou promoção de inovações, e o crowdfunding, para arrecadar recursos financeiros para iniciativas com fins específicos. Uma vez que os projetos de crowdfunding apresentam resultados de sucesso e insucesso dentro das plataformas existentes, o presente trabalho tem como tema as recompensas como estratégias para o sucesso de projetos de crowdfunding. O objetivo principal é compreender quais estratégias de recompensas se tornam diferenciais em projetos exitosos de crowdfunding, tendo como objeto de estudo as recompensas dos projetos de crowdfunding da plataforma Catarse. O estudo apresenta, em sua fundamentação teórica, os temas das multidões e crowdsourcing, crowdfunding e as recompensas como estratégias. Como caráter exploratório, o estudo utilizou a Análise Qualitativa Comparativa (QCA) valendo-se da Lógica Crisp-Set e da Lógica Fuzzy-Set para análise. Dentre os resultados da pesquisa, destacam-se estratégias que contribuem para o sucesso do projeto, sendo elas: exclusividade, pré-compra e co-criação. Além disso, os resultados demonstram a necessidade de outros fatores para o sucesso do projeto. A identificação desse comportamento das estratégias de recompensas promove uma contribuição teórica à medida que aprofunda o estudo sobre as recompensas dos projetos, já que a temática é pouco explorada. Adicionalmente, os resultados da pesquisa apresentam orientações para que os empreendedores possam construir suas recompensas com base em estratégias que contribuam positivamente para o resultado. / Social networks are being used to perform collaborative work using the intelligence of the crowds. Everyone can collaborate with ideas anytime from anywhere. In this logic initiatives arise as crowdsourcing to solve problems or promote innovations, and crowdfunding to raise funds for specific purpose initiatives. Crowdfunding projects present successful and unsuccessful results within existing platforms. The present theme is about rewards as strategic for the success of crowdfunding projects. The main objective is to understand which rewards strategies become differential in successful crowdfunding projects, having as an study object the rewards of the crowdfunding projects of the Catarse platform. In its theorical foundation the study addresses issues such as the crowds, crowdsourcing, crowdfunding and rewards as strategy assets. With an exploratory character, this study used the Comparative Qualitative Analysis (QCA) with the Crisp-Set Logic and the Fuzzy-Set Logic for analysis. Among the research results stand out strategies that are mainly associated with successful projects , exclusivity, pre-purchase and co-creation. Besides, research results show that are they necessary other success project factors The identification of this results provides a theoretical contribution As the theme of reward strategy is little explored. In addition, the research results provide guidelines for entrepreneurs to build their rewards based on strategies that contribute to the outcome.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2015-10-06T17:03:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ROVIAN DILL ZUQUETTO_.pdf: 1329665 bytes, checksum: 11351baaec38e96143a15e31f50b827f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-06T17:03:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ROVIAN DILL ZUQUETTO_.pdf: 1329665 bytes, checksum: 11351baaec38e96143a15e31f50b827f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-30 / Nenhuma / O financiamento coletivo, ou crowdfunding, é um fenômeno crescente que tem auxiliado diversos empreendedores a trazerem suas ideias para a realidade nas mais diversas áreas, como artes, cinema, música, tecnologia, web e meio ambiente. Compreender como os diversos fatores que cercam este contexto e como eles afetam o sucesso dos projetos de crowdfunding tem sido fruto de diversos estudos, porém ainda existe muito espaço para mapear este universo que cresce de forma acelerada ao redor do mundo. Lançamos um olhar sobre este fenômeno com uma perspectiva de redes sociais e como as características estruturais da rede social dos empreendedores podem afetar o sucesso dos projetos. Este estudo é único no que tange o contexto brasileiro e a plataforma de crowdfunding Catarse, a maior plataforma de financiamento coletivo brasileiro. Os dados coletados indicam que os construtos relacionados a rede social do empreendedor desempenham papel fundamental sobre o sucesso do projeto do empreendedor e o desenvolvimento de uma rede que possa garantir ao empreendedor os recursos necessários para o sucesso do seu projeto traz uma luz sobre algumas ações que estes empreendedores podem realizar para aumentar suas chances de sucesso. Nosso estudo também permitiu um olhar de ângulos diferentes sobre a estrutura social da rede ego dos empreendedores, permitindo identificar que não deve-se olhar a rede social de apenas um ângulo, onde, por exemplo, uma maior coesão é melhor, mas de diferentes óticas. Aumentar a coesão da rede para desenvolver capital social para o suporte do projeto ao mesmo tempo que ela se mantém polarizada, provendo os laços fracos que podem auxiliar na disseminação do projeto, são fatores encontrados neste estudo, e que podem permitir a estudos futuros encontrar soluções otimizadas para a estrutura social dos empreendedores. Apesar da crescente quantidade de estudos nesta área, ainda é tarefa de pesquisadores, plataformas de financiamento coletivo e empreendedores entender melhor a função da rede social que cerca este ambiente e desenvolver modelos capazes de auxiliar no sucesso dos projetos de crowdfunding, permitindo uma alternativa viável para alavancar novos negócios. / The crowdfunding is a growing phenomenon that have helped many entrepreneurs to bring their ideas to reality in many areas like arts, cinema, music, technology, web and environment. Understand how the diversity of factors that affect this context and how they affect the crowdfunding project success have been the topic of many researches, but there is a lot of space to map an universe that grows fast around the globe. We look to this phenomenon with a social network lens and how the social network structure of entrepreneurs of crowdfunding affect their projects success. This research is unique in a Brazilian context inside one of the most important platforms in Brasil, the company Catarse. The evidences suggest that the entrepreneurs social network develop an important role to assure the crowdfunding project success, this social network provide the social capital that boost the project in the beginning trough cohesion and the strong ties and the diffusion trough a more polarized network and weak ties available in the entrepreneur social network. The entrepreneurs that can develop their network to have a mix of different connections can provide better changes to the success of their projects. Although there are some limitation in our model, the results shows that the entrepreneurs’ social network in crowdfunding projects can mold the results of it, the importance of social capital is vital to reach success and more studies needs to be developed to understand this phenomenon in different countries and cultures. Crowdfunding have the potential to bring ideas to reality and driven start-ups to big companies, allowing a viable financial source for the entire society.

O crowdfunding (financiamento coletivo) é uma nova espécie contratual em que, por meio da internet, pessoas buscam angariar valores valendo-se de diversas contribuições individuais, normalmente de pequenos valores. No presente estudo, buscou-se explicar, primeiramente, os principais fundamentos e características do crowdfunding, para, a seguir, traçar as linhas gerais das quatro espécies de financiamento coletivo hoje conhecidas (doações, recompensas, participação societária e empréstimos). Destas espécies, representaram o objeto de estudo do presente trabalho somente o crowdfunding baseado em doações e o baseado em recompensas. Na segunda parte, a responsabilidade civil dos financiadores, dos financiados e dos intermediários foi detidamente abordada. Por fim, as tentativas de legislação sobre o tema no Brasil, bem como algumas experiências estrangeiras, foram tratadas, bem como foi realizada uma análise sobre a pertinência e a necessidade de uma legislação específica sobre o tema, concluindo no sentido de que os Projetos de Lei criados no Brasil foram inadequados e não merecem ser aprovados. / Crowdfunding is a new kind of contract that people use to raise money, through the internet, by collecting a variety of small contributions, usually small amounts. The present study sought to explain, first, the main basis and characteristics of crowdfunding, and then determine the main objectives of the four crowdfunding modalities now known (donations, rewards, equity and debts). Of the modalities listed, represented the labor of this study only the types based in donations and based in rewards. In the second part, the civil liability of financers, financed and intermediaries at crowdfunding relations was carefully investigated. Finally, attempts of legislation on this issue in Brazil, as well as some foreign experiences, was handled. In the end, an analysis was done of the relevance and the need of specific legislation on this matter, concluding that the Law Projects created in Brazil were inadequate and do not deserve to be approved.

O presente trabalho versa sobre as narrativas e justificativas relativas ao processo de criação de um mercado de financiamentos coletivos no Brasil a partir de diversos interlocutores: criadores de projetos, criadores de websites e a partir da literatura acadêmica mais comum sobre o tema. Busca-se retratar e discutir a criação deste mercado a partir do estabelecimento de um passado e de uma pedagogia, típicas dos circuitos de consumo relativos ao fenômeno dos crowdfunding, de modo a circunscrever o que meus interlocutores chamam de “cultura do financiamento coletivo”. Este mercado constitui-se em um duplo processo de afastamento e aproximação entre plataformas como forma de delimitar moralmente o que “deve”, ou não, ser este fenômeno. Tal processo revela a emergência de controvérsias, agenciamentos e, principalmente, de sujeitos como “empreendedores” que buscam “fazer a diferença” a partir de projetos e plataformas de financiamento coletivo. No limite, os financiamentos coletivos alinham-se à elaboração de justificativas críticas sobre o papel do Estado e de empresas na constituição dos mercados, ainda que reiterem práticas comuns no campo empresarial, como a manipulação publicitária e a tentativa de criação de vínculos – ou attachments – com o público alvo. Assim, doação e pré-compra confundem-se, bem como as motivações para criação de projetos de financiamento coletivo. Teoricamente, este trabalho sustenta-se nas digressões da Sociologia Pragmática de Luc Boltanski e da compreensão sobre mercados oriunda da Sociologia e Antropologia, principalmente inspirada nos escritos de Michel Callon e Jens Beckert. Busca-se contribuir para o campo da Antropologia a partir da discussão sobre o processo de criação de mercados a partir dos sujeitos que dele fazem parte e de suas narrativas. / This dissertation discusses the narratives and justifications related to the process of creating a market for crowdfunding in Brazil based on the people who create projects and websites, mainly, as well as the most common literature in the field. We intend to portray and discuss the establishment of this market through its past and pedagogy, typical of circuits of commerce in Crowdfunding whose actors intend to circumscribe what they call as a “Crowdfunding culture”. This market is comprised of a double-movement of approximation and distance among platforms as a way to morally determine what is supposed to be a Crowdfunding and what is not supposed to be. This process reveals the emergence of controversies, agencies and, mainly, entrepreneurial subjects that aim at “making the difference” through Crowdfunding platforms and projects. Ultimately, the Crowdfunding is related to the creation of critical justification on the role of the Government and Private sector in the constitution of markets, even if Crowdfunding itself recall common corporate practices as communication strategies, for instance, which aim at creating attachments with the target audience. Therefore, donation and pre-buying mechanisms overlap, as well as the motivations to create such projects. Theoretically, this work is supported by the Pragmatic Sociology of Luc Boltanski and the comprehension of markets based on Sociology and Anthropology, mainly inspired by the point of view of Michel Callon and Jens Beckert. This dissertation intends to contribute to Anthropology by discussing the process of market creation from the point of view of the subjects that work in it and its narratives.

Although small businesses borrowed $1 trillion in 2013 from traditional lenders, 35% of small business owners were unable to obtain adequate financing and subsequently sought alternative sources such as crowdfunding. Guided by the pecking order theory, the purpose of this exploratory case study was to explore how 6 small business owners in Tennessee successfully used crowdfunding to start, grow, or sustain their businesses. Data were collected from semistructured interviews and a review of crowdfunding project data on the internet platform including the project description, target goal, amount achieved, number of backers, and locations of the funders. Data were inductively analyzed, first into coded phrases, then categories, and finally emergent themes. Findings revealed that these small business owners tapped into a strong social media network of potential funders for increased funding opportunities. They also advocated that project descriptions consist of high-quality project content and videos, 9 to 11 reward levels, and valuable rewards to entice funders to contribute to the campaign. These small business owners also noted that they devoted more time than originally anticipated during the planning, execution, and fulfillment phases, and they all faced preliminary transaction, fulfillment, and shipping costs when using crowdfunding. The risks included not receiving any funding, negative customer feedback, and poor reputation. These stories have implications for positive social change by illuminating the necessary resources to establish a successful business through employment of a social change mechanism. With funding for growth, the small business owner, family, and local community will promote economic prosperity.

Crowdfunding that is the combination word of crowdsourcing and funding makes people can start a business easily. Legislating JOBS act in US played a major role in removing restricted barriers of crowdfunding on public offerings of fence and private funds for small business. The growth speed of crowdfunding takes some beating. Through Kickstarter that is a popular crowdfunding platform and being considered the typical case of crowdfunding, 480 million dollars and more than half a billion dollars were invested in about 19 thousand and 22 projects for 2013 and 2014 respectively. But in spite of the rapid growth, the successful rate of projects at large is decreasing because of imprudent project launching. People just imagine a success story of some triumphant projects without any kind of preparedness when they launch a project. Up to now most of papers researched based on Kickstarter platform because it is the biggest crowdfunding site. But there is no research paper studying with the entire data yet. So, we gathered all the project's main pages in Kickstarter that are finished whether a project is funded or not from its launched date on 2009 to September, 2014. And we also collected all users' profile pages including initiators and backers. The goal of this research project is to analyze evolution of projects and users, investigate techniques and predict successfully funded projects and expected pledged funding levels, and providing intelligent search and discovery based on time series patterns of projects. To successfully achieve the goal, we propose to analyze all projects and users in Kickstarter toward understanding evolution of them over time and thus develop statistical models to automatically predict successfully funded projects and expected funding level. We used as many features as possible such as features being obtainable from text (project main, reward and biography description). Our result will be very helpful for people especially a person preparing a crowdfunding project to fulfill a dream.