Nesta dissertação, é apresentado o projeto de uma interface que permite o controle e monitoramento de cargas de alta tensão alimentadas na faixa de 8,5V a 35V. A interface fornece duas funções básicas: a primeira é permitir que circuitos alimentados no domínio dos 5V controlem o chaveamento de transistores de potência PMOS com uma tensão de porta 5V abaixo da tensão de alimentação; a segunda é realizar o monitoramento de sobrecorrentes na carga de alta tensão, alertando, com um sinal de baixa tensão, estas ocorrências. A interface foi projetada e fabricada no processo CMOS XC06 - 0,6µm da XFAB, com a inclusão de módulos que permitem o uso de transistores de alta tensão. Como parte da solução proposta, foi analisado, implementado e caracterizado um regulador de tensão flutuante que gera uma tensão de saída 5V abaixo da tensão de alimentação. A área de silício do regulador é de 599µm x 330µm, e as medidas da tensão de saída gerada apresentam variações menores que 10%. Também foi projetado e integrado no mesmo circuito integrado um sensor para medir o nível da tensão flutuante do regulador e comunicar seu estado com um sinal de 5V, este bloco ocupa uma área de 599µm x µm. Este sensor apresentou um desvio padrão de 7% nas medidas da sua tensão limiar. A interface foi integrada em um sensor de proximidade indutivo, permitindo o chaveamento de uma carga de 430pF a 1,2kHz em toda a faixa de alimentação. / This work presents the design of an interface that allow to control and monitoring high voltage loads in the range of 8,5V to 35V. The interface provides two main features, the first one is to allow low voltage circuits supplied with 5V to control the switching of power PMOS transistors with a gate voltage 5V bellow the supply voltage. The second one is monitoring overcurrents on the high voltage load alerting with a low voltage signal these occurences. The interface was designed and fabricated on the CMOS XC06 - 0,6µm process from XFAB with the inclusion of modules that allow the use of high voltage transistors. As part of the proposed solution it was analyzed, implemented and measured a floating voltage regulator wich provides an output voltage 5V bellow the supply voltage. The area of the regulator is 599µm x 330µm and the measures of the output voltage presents variations under the 10%. Also it was designed and integrates in the same integrated circuit a sensor to measure the output level of the floating regulator and communicate the state of this output with a 5V signal, this block occupies an area of 599µm x 579µm. This sensor presented a 7% standard desviation on the measured voltage threashold. The interface was integrated on an inductive proximity sensor allowing the switching of a 430pF load at 1,2kHz for the entire all supply range.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:28:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RAMON ARAUJO SILVA.pdf: 1246426 bytes, checksum: 59b054fad2c372e3bdc1559de82842e1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-09 / Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas / Daily truck drivers are subjected to long working hours, they spend several days away from the family, they are forced to go through sleepless nights and, to perform multiple rounds, they are forced to make use of stimulant drugs. Whereas the work occupies a central place in their lives and that has a direct impact on the living conditions and health, this research, qualitative, expressed the belief that the above conditions result in an extremely exhausting daily work. The objective of this study was to analyze the characteristics of everyday working of the long routes drivers truck, from their own perspectives, and check the possible relations of this routinewith the mental health of these workers. To do this, this research, located in the field of Social Work Psychology, used the ethnographic method, with the completion ofreflexive interviews and travel with truck drivers. Research has shown that many truckers say they love the road, but on the other hand, the work is extremely stressful and can reverberate directly on the physical and mental health. In the field work, the hardship and the precarious nature of this activity stood out. But beyond them, it was also possible to identify some aspects that characterize the profession, such as the affection of drivers with regard to work; the excessive control exercised by carriers through the tracker and the cell; the isolation; the functional use of drugs that ends, in many cases, to trigger dysfunctional; the difficulty of these workers to organize collectively and contradictions of the strikes carried out by truck drivers. It was considered that the main difficulties of the truck activity are due mainly to the strong influence that the capitalist logic has on the road loads sector, especially with regard to the exploitation of surplus value which obliges drivers to comply with a long working hours. / Cotidianamente os caminhoneiros est?o sujeitos a longas jornadas de trabalho, passam v?rios dias distantes da fam?lia, s?o obrigados a atravessar noites sem dormir e, para executar m?ltiplas jornadas s?o obrigados a fazer uso de drogas estimulantes. Considerando que o trabalho ocupa um lugar central na vida dos sujeitos e que repercute diretamente nas condi??es de vida e sa?de, esta pesquisa, de natureza qualitativa, partiu do pressuposto que as condi??es citadas acima resultam em um cotidiano de trabalho extremamente desgastante. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar as caracter?sticas do cotidiano de trabalho de caminhoneiros de rotas longas, a partir de suas pr?prias perspectivas, e verificar as poss?veis rela??es desse cotidiano com a sa?de mental desses trabalhadores. Para tal, esta pesquisa, situada no campo da Psicologia Social do Trabalho, utilizou-se do m?todo etnogr?fico, com a realiza??o de entrevistas reflexivas e viagens junto com caminhoneiros. A pesquisa permitiu verificar que muitos caminhoneiros se dizem apaixonados pela estrada, mas, por outro lado, o trabalho ? extremamente desgastante e pode repercutir diretamente sobre a sa?de f?sica e mental. No trabalho de campo, a penosidade e a precariedade dessa atividade se destacaram. Tamb?m foram identificados alguns aspectos que caracterizam essa profiss?o, tais como o afeto dos motoristas com rela??o ao trabalho; o controle excessivo exercido pelas transportadoras atrav?s do rastreador e do celular; o isolamento; o uso funcional de drogas que, em muitos casos, desencadeia o disfuncional; a dificuldade desses trabalhadores de se organizarem coletivamente e as contradi??es das paralisa??es realizadas pelos caminhoneiros. Considerou-se que as principais dificuldades da atividade dos caminhoneiros devem-se, principalmente, ? forte influ?ncia que a l?gica capitalista exerce sobre o setor rodovi?rio de cargas, especialmente no que diz respeito ? explora??o da mais-valia que obriga os motoristas a cumprir uma extensa jornada de trabalho.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T14:43:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lucia Helena Souza Doniak.pdf: 4014101 bytes, checksum: 2b159c7a002f498c853ed36139574182 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-03 / This present research is a case study of employed drivers in road freight transport in the municipality of Ponta Grossa, Paraná, and aims to identify the social and economic aspects and analyze the achievement of comprehensive working hours of these professionals after the Law n. 12.619/2012, which regulates the profession of the driver. The research of quantitative and qualitative character was made from the triangulation method, and the bibliographic and documentary allowed the systematization of theoretical and methodological framework from which the main analytical categories emerged: State, capitalism, work, occupation, wage, fight classes, salary and working hours. In the second phase of triangulation, a situational analysis was used to present the scenario that was established after the promulgation of the law, identifying key actors, the movements, the contradictions that arose from the significant event in this context understood as the enactment of law that shifted from the legislative to the society, especially for highways and for the category of professional drivers, the struggle and the class conflicts. The elements identified by the first two methods were used for the preparation of the interview questionnaire which was applied in the research field with the employed drivers. The data obtained from the interviews were collected and subsequently became the main information about the practice of professional life of the driver and also the socioeconomic profile of the professional in the city, whose information was correlated with the documentary evidence and the provisions of Law n. 12.619/2012. / A presente pesquisa é um estudo de caso dos motoristas empregados no transporte rodoviário de carga do Município de Ponta Grossa, Paraná, e tem por objetivo identificar os aspectos sociais e econômicos e analisar a realização das exaustivas jornadas de trabalho desses profissionais após a entrada em vigor da Lei n. 12.619/2012, que regulamentou a profissão do motorista. A pesquisa de caráter quanti-qualitativo foi realizada a partir da triangulação de métodos, sendo que o levantamento bibliográfico e documental possibilitou a sistematização do referencial teórico-metodológico de onde emergiram as principais categorias analíticas: Estado, capitalismo, trabalho, profissão, assalariamento, luta de classes, salário, jornada de trabalho. Na segunda fase da triangulação, a análise de conjuntura foi utilizada para apresentar o cenário que se estabeleceu a partir da promulgação da lei, identificando os principais atores, os movimentos, as contradições que surgiram a partir do acontecimento significativo, entendido nesse contexto, como a promulgação da lei, que deslocou do legislativo para a sociedade, especialmente para as rodovias e para a categoria dos motoristas profissionais, a luta e os conflitos de uma classe. Os elementos identificados por meio dos dois primeiros métodos foram utilizados para elaboração do questionário de entrevista que foi aplicado na pesquisa de campo junto aos motoristas empregados. Os dados obtidos nas entrevistas foram reunidos e posteriormente transformaram-se nas principais informações sobre a práxis da vida profissional do motorista e no perfil socioeconômico do desse no município, cujas informações foram correlacionadas com os dados documentais e as disposições da Lei n. 12.619/2012.

Nesta dissertação, é apresentado o projeto de uma interface que permite o controle e monitoramento de cargas de alta tensão alimentadas na faixa de 8,5V a 35V. A interface fornece duas funções básicas: a primeira é permitir que circuitos alimentados no domínio dos 5V controlem o chaveamento de transistores de potência PMOS com uma tensão de porta 5V abaixo da tensão de alimentação; a segunda é realizar o monitoramento de sobrecorrentes na carga de alta tensão, alertando, com um sinal de baixa tensão, estas ocorrências. A interface foi projetada e fabricada no processo CMOS XC06 - 0,6µm da XFAB, com a inclusão de módulos que permitem o uso de transistores de alta tensão. Como parte da solução proposta, foi analisado, implementado e caracterizado um regulador de tensão flutuante que gera uma tensão de saída 5V abaixo da tensão de alimentação. A área de silício do regulador é de 599µm x 330µm, e as medidas da tensão de saída gerada apresentam variações menores que 10%. Também foi projetado e integrado no mesmo circuito integrado um sensor para medir o nível da tensão flutuante do regulador e comunicar seu estado com um sinal de 5V, este bloco ocupa uma área de 599µm x µm. Este sensor apresentou um desvio padrão de 7% nas medidas da sua tensão limiar. A interface foi integrada em um sensor de proximidade indutivo, permitindo o chaveamento de uma carga de 430pF a 1,2kHz em toda a faixa de alimentação. / This work presents the design of an interface that allow to control and monitoring high voltage loads in the range of 8,5V to 35V. The interface provides two main features, the first one is to allow low voltage circuits supplied with 5V to control the switching of power PMOS transistors with a gate voltage 5V bellow the supply voltage. The second one is monitoring overcurrents on the high voltage load alerting with a low voltage signal these occurences. The interface was designed and fabricated on the CMOS XC06 - 0,6µm process from XFAB with the inclusion of modules that allow the use of high voltage transistors. As part of the proposed solution it was analyzed, implemented and measured a floating voltage regulator wich provides an output voltage 5V bellow the supply voltage. The area of the regulator is 599µm x 330µm and the measures of the output voltage presents variations under the 10%. Also it was designed and integrates in the same integrated circuit a sensor to measure the output level of the floating regulator and communicate the state of this output with a 5V signal, this block occupies an area of 599µm x 579µm. This sensor presented a 7% standard desviation on the measured voltage threashold. The interface was integrated on an inductive proximity sensor allowing the switching of a 430pF load at 1,2kHz for the entire all supply range.

Increasing the independence of students with disabilities involves an in-depth assessment of their inclusion in driver’s education. This study addresses (a) the plight of disabled students within the state of New Jersey who are unable to access driver’s education, despite the provisions of the Americans with Disabilities Act; (b) the need to evaluate the potential role of health educators in conducting individualized health assessments to determine the readiness, motivation, and self-efficacy of students with disabilities to participate in driver’s education; (c) the perceived benefits and barriers to the participation of students with disabilities in driver’s education including the need for individually tailored accommodations; and (d) whether the goal of driving is appropriate and accessible for students with disabilities. A case-study approach was used in this research to evaluate the innovative practice of school health educators conducting individualized health assessments of current students and some graduates of the study-site university. The school implemented the described innovation during the academic years of 2007-08 and 2008-09. This research was also designed with a mixed-method approach including quantitative data limited to frequencies and percentages and qualitative data collected from student interviews. The findings indicate that the ability of students with disabilities to drive is beneficial to their quality of life. Driving significantly impacts the self-esteem, independence, and personal freedom of this population, as well as their overall freedom to travel.

Os acidentes de trânsito são uma das principais causas de morte e invalidez no mundo inteiro, e projeções indicam que sua participação entre essas causas tende a aumentar no futuro. Estima-se que o fator humano contribua para a ocorrência de mais de 90% dos acidentes, e grande parte desta contribuição advém do comportamento. Nesta dissertação de mestrado, buscou-se identificar e caracterizar medidas de segurança de trânsito conforme sua influência em inibir o cometimento de infrações à legislação de trânsito por parte dos motoristas. Para tanto, foram conduzidas uma pesquisa qualitativa e uma pesquisa quantitativa. A pesquisa qualitativa, realizada através da técnica de Grupos Focados, foi utilizada para identificar as principais infrações de trânsito que contribuem para a ocorrência de acidentes, além de coletar subsídios para a elaboração da pesquisa quantitativa. Esta, por sua vez, consistiu na aplicação de um questionário auto-relatado a motoristas de automóvel da cidade de Porto Alegre. Como resultado, a pesquisa qualitativa indicou que as infrações que mais contribuem para os acidentes são a embriaguez, o excesso de velocidade e o avanço de sinal vermelho de semáforo. A pesquisa quantitativa permitiu concluir que as medidas de segurança de trânsito que mais influenciam os motoristas a não cometerem infrações de trânsito são aquelas relacionadas à restrição de direitos, como apreensão do veículo ou suspensão da habilitação, e à possibilidade de ser flagrado pelas autoridades. Por outro lado, as campanhas de conscientização na mídia demonstraram ser o tipo de medida com menor potencial para influenciar o comportamento dos motoristas. / Road traffic crashes are one of the main causes of death and disability worldwide, and it is believed that their share among these causes will grow in the future. The human factor contributes to over 90% of traffic crashes, and a great part of this contribution originates from human behaviour. This master’s thesis aimed to identify and characterize road safety measures according to their influence on driver behaviour, regarding the commitment of traffic offences. In order to do that, a qualitative and a quantitative survey were carried on. The qualitative survey was made with the Focus Group technique and was used to identify the traffic offences that contribute the most to road crashes, as well as to collect information to help preparing the quantitative survey. The last consisted in applying a self-reported questionnaire to automobile drivers from Porto Alegre, Brazil. As a result, the qualitative survey indicated that speeding, drunk driving and red light crossing are the traffic offences that contribute the most to road crashes. The quantitative survey allowed to conclude that the road safety measures with more influence on drivers, so they do not commit traffic offences, are those related to their rights restriction, like vehicle seizure or driver’s licence suspension, and to the possibility of being caught by authorities. On the other hand, road safety campaings on the media seemed to be the kind of measure with the smallest potential to influence driver behaviour.

Deer-vehicle collisions in the United States (US) have increased dramatically over the last 50 years. Over one million deer-vehicle collisions are estimated to occur throughout the nation annually. These collisions result in hundreds of human deaths, thousands of human injuries, and billions of dollars in motor vehicle damage and health care costs. The increase in deer-vehicle collisions is partly the result of a growing deer population, caused largely by human manipulation of natural ecosystems. Awareness of the hazard deer pose is essential for drivers. Deer represent a dynamic, spatial and temporal hazard. Driver knowledge about deer at any time is critical for hazard awareness. State driver licensing agencies and state departments of transportation are the primary sources of information regarding driving hazards for most drivers. Through driver manuals, driver licensing agencies advise new drivers of hazards and provide strategies for dealing effectively with the hazards. Using nationally standardized warning signs, state departments of transportation advise drivers of potential hazards found along state highway systems. The first extensive nation-wide historical retrospective of the state driver manuals was conducted. The study assessed how new drivers have been informed of the hazard deer pose as this hazard has evolved. The assessment shows, although generally increasing in content, the information provided by state driver licensing agencies has been inconsistent from decade to decade, and from state to state. This inconsistency has left potentially millions of US drivers without fundamental knowledge of the growing deer hazard and/or strategies for dealing with the hazard. Recommendations and an exemplar for improving driver manuals are provided. The first historical retrospective of the standardized warning signs used by state departments of transportation was conducted to assess the effectiveness of these signs for advising drivers of deer hazards. The assessment shows standard deer warning signs used by state departments of transportation provide little temporal information for drivers. The paradigm shifting, risk matrix-based, colour-coded, Wildlife Hazard Rating System® (WildHAZ®) was developed to augment and transform conventional standard static deer warning signs into variable message signs that provide drivers with more consistent and comprehensive warnings about the deer hazard. The results of a web-based questionnaire survey regarding the WildHAZ® system demonstrated the majority of drivers who responded to the survey understand the system and would respond in a manner that should reduce their potential for a wildlife-related motor vehicle collision and/or the potential severity of such a collision. The majority of the survey respondents indicated that they would prefer a system like WildHAZ® to be used on roads and highways. Simulations of the effect of the WildHAZ® system on mean vehicle speeds were conducted. The results of the simulations suggest WildHAZ® system augmented deer warning signs could lead to fewer and less severe deer-vehicle collisions, if mean vehicle speeds were reduced at high risk periods. The risk matrix-based, colour-coded concept incorporated in the WildHAZ® system may have the potential to warn drivers of other spatially and temporally dynamic hazards. / Graduate / 0366 0709 0478 / lookforhelp@shaw.ca

Researchers around the world are constantly seeking for a quick, inexpensive and easy to use way to understand road traffic deaths. This study proposes the use of multibody (MBS) simulation, using a virtual driver, associated to fractional factorial experiments to identify active factors in road traffic accidents. The objectives of this work were to: (i) use DOE to show a more structured direction on the studies of road safety and (ii) investigate possible vehicle state variables to monitor vehicle dynamic stability. The first experiment was a quarter fraction It was designed based on an accident database of a Brazilian Federal Highway. Seven factors were considered (curve radius, path profile, path condition, virtual driver skill, speed, period of the day and car load) and 3 replicates were performed per treatment. Speed and friction coefficient were defined randomly for each treatment, within the defined range for each level. 42 accidents were observed in 96 events. Speed had shown the highest influence on the occurrence, followed by curve radius, period of the day and some second order interactions. The second experiment was based on the results of first one. A half fraction factorial design with five factors (curve radius, car load, virtual driver skill, period of the day and speed), with 14 replicates per treatment, was performed. Speed was defined randomly as per previous experiment. 96 accidents were observed in 224 events. Speed had the highest influence on the occurrence of accidents, followed by the period of the day, curve radius, virtual driver skill and second order interactions. Speed is also pointed by World Health Organization as one of the key factors for the occurrence of accidents. The study indicates that a well-designed experiment with a representative vehicle model can show a direction for further researches. At last, roll angle, yaw rate and displacement of the car on the road are variables suggested to be monitored in experiments using simulation to identify vehicle\'s instability. / Pesquisadores do mundo estão constantemente buscando uma maneira rápida, barata e fácil de usar para entender acidentes de trânsito. O presente estudo propõe o uso de simulação, condutor virtual e experimentos fatoriais para a identificação de fatores ativos em acidentes rodoviários. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram: utilizar experimentos planejados, associado a simulação para obter uma direção para estudos futuros e investigar possíveis variáveis de estado do veículo a serem usadas para monitorar sua estabilidade dinâmica. Para tal, foi utilizado um modelo completo de veículo validado e dados reais de acidentes de um determinado trecho de rodovia brasileira. O primeiro experimento baseou-se em um banco de dados de acidentes de uma rodovia Federal brasileira. Optou-se por fracionar o experimento, utilizando um quarto de fração. Sete fatores foram considerados (raio da curva, perfil da pista, condição da pista, habilidade do condutor virtual, velocidade, período do dia e carga do carro) e foram realizadas três réplicas por tratamento. Velocidade e coeficiente de atrito foram utilizados como fontes de variação do experimento: para cada tratamento, e dentro do intervalo definido para cada nível, ambos foram definidos aleatoriamente. Em 54 dos 96 eventos foram observou-se acidentes. Velocidade, raio da curva, período do dia e algumas interações de segunda ordem foram os fatores com maior influência na ocorrência de acidentes. O segundo experimento utilizou como dado de entrada os resultados obtidos no experimento anterior. O experimento foi fracionado, meia fração, com cinco fatores (raio da curva, carga do carro, habilidade do motorista virtual, período do dia e velocidade). Foram realizadas 14 réplicas por tratamento, e a velocidade foi mantida como fonte de variação. Em 96 dos 224 eventos foram observados acidentes. Velocidade teve maior influência na ocorrência de acidentes, seguida por período do dia, raio da curva, habilidade do motorista virtual e interações de segunda ordem. A velocidade também é apontada pela Organização Mundial da Saúde como um dos fatores-chave para a ocorrência de acidentes. Isto indica que um experimento bem planejado, com um modelo de veículo representativo, pode apontar uma direção a ser seguida em pesquisas futuras. Por último é sugerido o monitoramento do ângulo de rolagem (roll angle), da taxa de guinada (yaw rate), e do deslocamento lateral do carro na pista para identificar instabilidades no veículo quando são utilizadas simulações.

The purpose of this study was first to determine the satisfaction level of bus drivers pertaining to school building administration, transportation department, and student behaviors, and second to identify the common behavior management strategies used by bus driver in a particular school system in east Tennessee. I also compared the common behavior management strategies used by school bus drivers who are also employed by the school system in some position in addition to this vocation with school bus drivers who are not employed by the school system other than driving the school bus. I also compared behavior management strategies in the following categories: age, years of experience, and gender. For this quantitative element of the study, I requested bus drivers who met the criteria complete an anonymous survey. The survey had 20 items that focus on the bus drivers' satisfaction in areas of school building administration, transportation department, and student behavior. Bus drivers responded to each item by selecting responses on a 5-point scale from extremely dissatisfied to extremely satisfied, with neutral being the middle point. A single sample t-test was conducted and the results showed bus drivers were satisfied to a significant extent with school building administration and transportation department, while bus drivers were neither satisfied or dissatisfied with student behavior. Bus drivers also ranked their top five behavior management strategies. Results were categorized by age, years of experience, gender, and whether they were employed by the school system in another position. The overall top five behavior management strategies by bus drivers were 1) Assigning a student to a particular seat, 2) Reporting students to school building administration, 3) Moving a student to a particular seat during the bus route, 4) Use of video surveillance, and 5) Discussing a student's behavior with a parent or guardian. I also interviewed 10 school building administrators in the same school system for their perspective on student behavior management strategies recommended for bus drivers to use on school buses and also their perspective on the impact student behavior on a school bus has on a student at school. Responses were also solicited from school building administrators of their perspective of driver management practices that seem most and least conducive to managing and preventing behaviors on buses. I recorded the responses given to these questions and listed the responses along with any additional comments from administrators. Most of the responses correspond with the responses bus drivers gave in their interviews. Half of the administrators stated school buses should be operated like a classroom with rules and consequences.

Driver distraction contributes to approximately 43% of motor-vehicle crashes and 27% of near-crashes. Rapidly developing in-vehicle technology and electronic devices place additional demands on drivers, which might lead to distraction and diminished capacity to perform driving tasks. This situation threatens safe driving. Technology that can detect and mitigate distraction by alerting drivers could play a central role in maintaining safety. Correctly identifying driver distraction in real time is a critical challenge in developing distraction mitigation systems, and this function has not been well developed. Moreover, the greatest benefit may be from real-time distraction detection in advance of dangerous breakdowns in driver performance. Based on driver performance, two types of distraction - visual and cognitive - are identified. These types of distraction have very different effects on visual behavior and driving performance; therefore, they require different algorithms for detection. Distraction detection algorithms typically rely on either eye measures or driver performance measures because the effect of distraction on the coordination of measures has not been established. Combining both eye glance and vehicle data could enhance the ability of algorithms to detect and differentiate visual and cognitive distraction. The goal of this research is to examine whether poor coordination between visual behavior and vehicle control can identify diminished attention to driving in advance of breakdowns in lane keeping. The primary hypothesis of this dissertation is that detection of changes in eye-steering relationship caused by distraction could provide a prospective indication of vehicle state changes. Three specific aims are pursued to test this hypothesis. The first aim examines the effect of distracting activity on eye and steering movements to assess the degree to which the correlation parameters are indicative of distraction. The second aim applies a control-theoretic system identification approach to the eye movement and steering data to distinguish between distracted and non-distracted conditions. The third aim examines whether changes of eye-steering coordination associated with distraction provide a prospective indication of breakdowns in driver performance, i.e., lane departures. Together, the three aims show how that a combination of visual and steering behavior, i.e., eye-steering model, can differentiate between non-distracted and distracted state. This model revealed sensitivity to distraction associated with off-road glances. The models derived for different drivers have similar structure and fit to data from other drivers reasonably well. In addition, the differences in model order and model coefficients indicate the variability in driving behavior: some people generate more complex behavior than others. As was expected, eye-steering correlation on straight roads is not as strong as observed on curvy roads. However, eye-steering correlation measured through correlation coefficient and time delay between two movements is sensitive to different types of distraction. Time delay mediates changes in lane position and the eye-steering system predicts breakdowns in lane keeping. This dissertation contributes to developing a distraction detection system that integrates visual and steering behavior. More broadly, these results suggest that integrating eye and steering data can be helpful in detecting and mitigating impairments beyond distraction, such as those associated with alcohol, fatigue, and aging.