The master's thesis was worked out as the arhitectural study high security prison in Brno based on the submission. High security prison for 350 prisoners responds to the needs and trends of the modern jail. The new facility is based on the principle of space saving typological solutions with minimal attendance distance. The concept is divided into two main accommodation horseshoe-shaped objects that are associated with building, that are connected operating and administrative functions. Single floor for accommodation with two housing units, which include walking terraces. Terraces are sheathed with net freely crossing the connecting object and comprehensive area of all objects. It fulfills the function of the second security. In the middle of the complex there is a sports area. Production hall with facilities closed the back of a solid fence of area. By creating a compact self-functioning complex is achieved simplicity and closeness of the prison with economic use of the land.

The diploma theses is focused on free time of children in Rotava. The aim of this theses is to find out the forms of spending free time of children aged 6 - 12 years in Rotava. Another goal is to create a proposal for a community center. The theoretical part deals with the theme of childhood in today's type of society and also with the topic of free time. This section is focused on free time of children and its historical transformation. Then attention is aimed at the current status of free time of children and the factors affecting this area. Another chapter is devoted to community and community centers. The diploma theses also contains the research part. Interviews, non - participant observation in a public area of the town and secondary data analysis were used as research methods. The results of research show that the offer of free time activities for children aged 6 - 12 years in Rotava is insufficient and inappropriately conceived. Many children spend their free time in a public area of the town or at home with electronic media.

Diploma thesis deals with the participation and representation of Roma in the Czech Republic mainly in social inclusion. Generally in the Czech Republic the principles of the participation are underused during the development and implementation of public policies. A certain change occurs at the local level. In some towns there are gradually promoted models of the participation and representation of the population of excluded localities. This thesis deals by the methods of case study, summative evaluation and observation with implementation of certain local good practice: the system of the caretaking in the town Kadaň - Prunéřov, which primarily addresses the issue of housing in the socially excluded locality, but with the full participation of its people, including the creation of a natural representation, leading to the improvement of social skills of people, their self-confidence and willingness to engage in solving their unsatisfactory situation. The thesis also summarizes the development in the formation of Roma representation at the highest level since the 90s of the last century and its adverse impact on the development of real participation of Roma in social inclusion at all levels of administration. Therefore there is a contrast between the situation in the participation and representation...

This study is concerned with contributing to solutions that address the problems of youth unemployment, inequality and poverty in South Africa, specifically among those youth who are being marginalised from participating equally in mainstream economic activities. It argues that financial and digital exclusion, as well as poor access to a quality education, are factors which are currently limiting these youths' economic potential and perpetuating a cycle of unemployment, inequality and poverty in South Africa. The literature and theory of social entrepreneurship presents a strong case to address unemployment, inequality and poverty, as well as to stimulate economic growth by creating new business and self-employment opportunities for the youth. This qualitative grounded theory study evaluates the theory of social entrepreneurship in practice, by comparing the theory to the lived realities of some disenfranchised youths in Cape Town. The study also provides an analysis of the systems of privilege and the dual economy that exist in South Africa. Through feedback received during interviews with a representative sample of the target group, the study offers new insights into the challenges faced when young people are seeking employment or want to start a business in the South African economy. Youth social entrepreneurship development and start-up incubation programmes arguably perform a critical function in facilitating inclusive economic participation among the youth. Developing new insights, concepts and recommendations to maximise these programmes' social impact is a critical function of this study, which ultimately hopes to contribute to the creation of more inclusive entrepreneurial opportunities for disadvantaged South African youth.

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[pt] Esse artigo argumenta como a securitização do narcotráfico influenciou o chefe do poder executivo Wilson Witzel, como ator securitizador a construir uma política pública de segurança que não engloba todos os habitantes do estado do Rio de Janeiro e por meio dos seus atos de fala pode-se identificar quem está inserido e excluído do objeto referente a ser protegido. Os efeitos da linguagem nos discursos como uma prática social serão obtidos por meio do mapeamento de significados feitos através da análise de discurso. Portanto, ao securitizar o narcotráfico, o governador estimula a letalidade da polícia fluminense, trata seus resultados como sinônimo de eficiência para os seus apoiadores e alarga a barreira entre os cidadãos da cidade, ao excluir os moradores das favelas do objeto referente e da audiência por causa das suas características físicas e ocupação geográfica. / [en] This paper argues how the securitization of drug trafficking influenced the state governor, Wilson Witzel, as a securitizing actor to build a public security policy that does not include all inhabitants of the state of Rio de Janeiro. Through his act of speech it is possible to identify who is inserted and excluded from the referent object of protection. The effects of language in speech as a social practice will be obtained by mapping meanings made through discourse analysis. Therefore, by securitizing drug trafficking, the governor encourages the lethality of the Rio de Janeiro police, treats its results as a synonym of efficiency for its supporters and widens the barrier between the citizens of the city, by excluding the residents of the favelas from the referent object and the audience for because of their physical characteristics and geographical occupation.

In this thesis, I deal with the Zero tolerance policy in its perspective of theory, records and application. I regard it as a disciplining policy, which leads to polarization and consequent deepening of problems in absence in of indications of social issues by their proper names. Answer to the issue of work is evidence of a practical example in a foreign surrounding and subsequent in-depth qualitative analysis of the two urban cases of region Ústí nad Labem - Duchcov and Litvínov. The data were processed by qualitative methods and techniques of sociological research in support partial statistics and hard data. This combined methodology aims to grasp the topic in the field of urban sociology and on that basis try for plasticity research based on interdisciplinarity. Based on research confirmed that the Zero tolerance policy in Duchcov and Litvínov is not recommendable manual for dealing with long-term social and deteriorating security situation. found that the appointment of politicians do not address the causes of incurred to shape the long-term problems. Furthemore been found the named policy do not address the causes of incurred to shape the long-term problems. Vice versa, reverses the logic of cause and effect - the cause of the decline in the quality of life in cities. In thus considered the...

La drépanocytose, ou anémie falciforme, présente une variabilité interindividuelle considérable, conditionnée par de multiples facteurs, dynamiques et interactifs, depuis le niveau moléculaire jusqu’au niveau du patient. L’hémoglobine drépanocytaire, ou hémoglobine S (HbS, tétramère a2bS 2), est un mutant de l’hémoglobine A (a2b2) : elle possède à sa surface une valine (hydrophobe) substituant un acide glutamique natif (négativement chargé). Cette mutation entraîne l’agrégation de l’HbS désoxygénée en polymères, ainsi que l’altération des propriétés de l’érythrocyte -dont sa rhéologie et ses interactions avec les différentes cellules vasculaires. C’est pourquoi la polymérisation de l’HbS constitue un facteur étiologique clef, sinon le primum movens, de la drépanocytose, et une hypothèse thérapeutique (étayée par l’observation) postule que la réduction des fibres intra-érythrocytaires de HbS pourrait améliorer le statut clinique des patients en abaissant la fréquence et la sévérité des crises vasoocclusives. Dans l’optique de mieux comprendre et de mieux gérer la variabilité individuelle drépanocytaire, il apparaît donc indispensable de disposer, en premier lieu, d’une description réaliste de la polymérisation de l’HbS. L’objectif de ce travail de thèse est la mise en place et la validation d’un modèle mathématique de la polymérisation de l’HbS désoxygénée, en tant que processus cinétiquethermodynamique, sous l’influence de la concentration et de la température –les deux facteurs modulateurs les plus importants. A partir d’un modèle existant, mais linéaire et incomplet (Ferrone et al., 1985), nous avons procédé à son implémentation, à sa correction et à sa mise à jour, ainsi qu’à l’évaluation quantitative de ses performances dynamiques, par intégration complète et simulation numérique (Simulink©). Ceci nous a permis de réaliser un diagnostic et d’effectuer un certain nombre de raffinements, concernant en particulier (i) la voie de nucléation hétérogène (formation de néo-fibres sur les fibres préexistantes), (ii) la non-idéalité de la solution protéique de HbS, induite par le volume exclus des fibres polymères (coefficients d’activité calculé à partir de la « théorie des particules convexes »), ainsi que (iii) la structuration spatiale des polymères en domaines. Le modèle développé dans ce travail servira de base pour une description (i) de l’influence dynamique de l’oxygénation et des hémoglobines non-polymérisantes sur la polymérisation de HbS, puis (ii) des polymères de HbS sur les propriétés membranaires et rhéologiques de l’érythrocyte drépanocytaire. / Sickle cell disease pathology exhibits a strong interindividual variability, which depends upon multiple, dynamic and interacting factors, from the molecular to the patient level. Sickle hemoglobin, hemoglobin S (HbS, a2bS 2 tetramer), is a mutant of HbA (a2b2), with a surface valine (hydrophobic) substituting a native glutamic acid (negatively charged). Such a mutation endows deoxygenated HbS with the propensity to agregate into polymers, altering erythrocyte properties –including its rheology and its interactions with vascular and circulatory cells. Thus HbS polymerization is a key etiological factor of sickle cell disease, if not the primum movens. Indeed, one therapeutical hypothesis (supported by observation) postulates that the reduction of intra-erythrocytic HbS fibers could improve patients clinical status by lowering the frequency and the severity of vasooclusive crisis. In order to better understand and manage sickle cell disease variability, it is essential to have a realistic description of HbS polymerization. This work aims at developing and validating a mathematical model of deoxygenated HbS polymerization, as a kinetic and thermodynamic process under the influence of concentration and temperature –the two most important modulators. Building on an existing, but linearized and uncomplete (Ferrone et al., 1985) model, we have implemented, corrected and updated, and quantitatively evaluated its dynamical performances: this was done by full numerical integration using Simulink©. This allowed us to make several improvements, related in particular to : (i) the heterogeneous nucleation pathway (seeding and formation of new fibers from pre-existing ones), (ii) the non-ideality of the HbS protein solution, caused by polymer fibers excluded volume (activity coefficients were calculated with the CPT, Convex Particle Theory), and (iii) the spatial organization of polymers into domains. The model developped in this work will ground the description of the dynamic influence (i) oxygenation and non-polymerizing hemoglobins, (ii) HbS polymers interactions with membrane and consequences upon rheological properties of sickle cell erythrocyte.

Il s’agit d’une thèse sur le traité De duobus communissimis principiis scientiarum de Gérard Odon (vers 1320). Dans la première partie, nous faisons l’analyse du texte en nous centrant sur la notion d’« ens tertio adiacens ». Il s’agit de l’étant signifié par la totalité de la proposition et son vérifacteur ; il est univoquement comment à l’ens reale et à l’ens rationis et pour cette raison Odon l’identifie au sujet des principes de non-contradiction et du tiers exclu. L’ens tertio adiacens correspond aussi au premier objet adéquat de l’intellect et au sujet de la logique, entendue comme la science première. Dans la deuxième partie, nous plaçons Odon dans deux débats historiographiques : celui du réalisme propositionnel (à côté de Walter Burley, Grégoire de Rimini et Jean Wyclif) et celui des avancements de la doctrine des surtranscendantaux (à côté de Nicolas Bonet, François de la Marche et d’autres), lequel émerge de la distinction des deux sens de « res » chez Henri de Gand et ensuite chez Duns Scot. / This thesis deals with Geraldus Odonis’ treatise De duobos communissimis principiis scientiarum (ca. 1320). In the first part, we analyze the text by focusing on the concept of "ens tertio adiacens". It is the being signified by the totality of the proposition and its truthmaker; it is univocally common to ens reale and ens rationis, for this reason Odonis identifies it to the subject of the principle of non-contradiction and the principle of excluded middle. The ens tertio adiacens also corresponds to the first adequate object of the intellect and to the subject of logic, which is understood as the first science. In the second part, we place Odonis in two historiographical debates: the propositional realism (alongside Walter Burley, Gregory of Rimini and John Wyclif) and the advancements of the doctrine of supertranscendentals (alongside Nicolas Bonetus, Francis of Marchia and others), which emerges from the distinction between the two senses of "res" in Henry of Ghent and in Duns Scotus .

The topic of the master thesis is Special education support for children from socially excluded localities in education in preschools and primary schools. The thesis deals with the topic of social disadvantage of children of pre-school and elementary school age. The theoretical part is focused on defining the terms social disadvantage and socially excluded area. Furthermore, the thesis deals with the influence of the families on social learning of children and the consequences of social disadvantage on the children's development and education. Two chapters of the thesis deal with the possibilities of support for socially disadvantaged children. One of them is devoted to the provision of support measures at schools, the other one defines some strategies and programs aimed at the development of the children. The practical part analyses the results of a research survey mapping the level of development of particular selected functions in children from socially excluded areas. The used research method was testing. The research involved testing of 10 children from socially excluded areas and their results were compared to the testing results of other 10 children who were not from socially excluded areas. The research survey confirmed that socially disadvantaged pupils show poorer results in tests....