The title of my thesis is "The potential of non-profit organizations in increasing the financial literacy of citizens". The goal of my thesis is to analyze and evaluate the activity of non-profit organizations in increasing the financial literacy of citizens. It is also focusing on the relation between the government, the for-profit and the non-profit sector in the field of financial literacy. I divided my thesis into six chapters. In the first chapter I defined the research problem, set the goals of my thesis and defined the research questions. In the second chapter I focused on the methodology and the definition of my information resources. For the purpose of this thesis I chose the semi-standardized interview, the analysis of participants and the analysis of documents. In the second part of this chapter I made the review of the information resources which I used for this thesis. My thesis is based on the theory of "the triangle" of the market, the government and the civil society, the concept of the social accounting and the benefits and failures of the non-profit sector. First I focused on the government policy in the field of increasing the financial literacy of citizens. I found out that the first steps the government made in this field were done in the year 2005 when the first strategy...

The purpose of this convergent mixed method study was to determine whether or not there is a difference in the perceived and actual financial literacy scores of millennials. Exploring the following research questions and hypotheses helped to expand knowledge around actual financial literacy and several other characteristics, including perceived financial literacy, especially among millennials (individuals born between 1981 and 1996): RQ1: What is the difference between millennials' actual and perceived financial literacy scores? RQ2: To what extent do socioeconomic status, gender, and having a bank account predict millennials' financial literacy scores? H0: There is no relationship between millennials' socioeconomic status, gender, banking status and their financial literacy scores. RQ3: What video delivery methods (if any) are millennials using to gain financial literacy knowledge in informal learning environments? Millennial participants (N = 207) were asked to complete a survey. Participants' perceived financial literacy scores were higher than their actual financial literacy scores. While males had higher perceived financial literacy ratings, females accounted for the majority of participants who scored four or above on a 5-point scale for actual financial literacy. Although, the null hypothesis was incorrect, the independent variables used in the ANOVA tables accounted for less than 15% of financial literacy scores. One hundred twenty-one millennials (58.5%) reported viewing a financial video versus 86 (41.5%) who reported not viewing financial videos. Eighty-one percent of participants reported watching financial videos at their homes. To create a lasting impact that can progress financial literacy and informal learning, more knowledge is needed.

This study compares the financial knowledge of Korean (N = 1006) and German (N = 1346) university students. The country-specific adaptations of the US-American Test of Financial Literacy was used to assess financial knowledge. Financial knowledge can be divided into three areas (everyday money management; banking; insurance). German students show a slightly higher knowledge of everyday money management and insurance. Korean students tend to be stronger in the area banking. The paper examines the impact of gender on financial knowledge and the role of financial information gathering. A gender difference is determined in Germany, but not in Korea. Male students in Germany score higher than female students. An analysis of variance shows that Korean as well as German students who inform themselves more frequently about financial topics achieve a higher financial knowledge score. The article shows that it is possible to validly measure financial knowledge in Germany and Korea, which have different economic systems.

[pt] Esta dissertação traz como eixo central propostas de atividades que contextualizam a teoria da matemática financeira com sua prática através da educação financeira com o objetivo despertar nos alunos o interesse pelo tema para que eles construam os conhecimentos necessários para a tomada consciente de decisões financeira e seu planejamento financeiro individual. As atividades foram aplicadas em turmas de 8 ano e 9 ano do segundo segmento do Ensino Fundamental de duas escolas da rede pública municipal e uma escola da rede pública estadual, todas localizadas no município de São Gonçalo. Apresentamos os conceitos e fundamentos da matemática financeira e da educação financeira necessários para discussão das atividades. Os resultados das aplicações das atividades foram discutidos no capítulo 4 e finalizamos com considerações finais acerca do tema. Espera-se que este trabalho possa colaborar com as práticas de outros docentes engajados na educação básica, comprometidos com a promoção de um ensino significativo e de qualidade para seu discente. / [en] This dissertation brings as its central axis proposals for activities that contextualize the theory of financial mathematics with its practice through financial education with the aim of arousing student s interest in the topic so that they build the necessary knowledge for conscious financial decision-making and planning individual financial. The activities were applied in classes of 8th grade and 9th grade of Middle School in three public schools, all located in the county of São Gonçalo. We present the concepts and foundations of financial mathematics and financial education that are essential to discuss activities. The results of the applications of the activities were discussed in chapter 4 and we finish with final considerations on the theme. It is expected that this work collaborates with the practices of other teachers engaged in basic education, committed to the promotion of meaningful and quality teaching for their students.

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La presente investigación se realizó en el colegio nacional “Santa Magdalena Sofía” de Chiclayo, ya que dentro de su malla curricular no se incluye ningún curso sobre finanzas, lo cual trae consigo una baja concientización y conocimientos de temas financieros como: ahorro, presupuesto, inversión, endeudamiento y productos bancarios. En respuesta a ello, se aplicó el diseño del programa español “Finanzas para todos” en las estudiantes de quinto de secundaria con el fin de mejorar su nivel de educación financiera. Como objetivo general se buscó determinar la incidencia que tiene el programa “Finanzas para todos” en la educación financiera de las estudiantes de quinto de secundaria del colegio nacional "Santa Magdalena Sofía" de Chiclayo – 2023. El diseño de la investigación fue experimental, cuasi experimental, con un enfoque cuantitativo y de tipo aplicada. Como técnica de recolección de datos se utilizó la encuesta, para caracterizar a las estudiantes en cuanto a su nivel socioeconómico, y se aplicó el test de conocimiento para evaluar el nivel de educación financiera antes y después de la aplicación del programa. Se determinó que en su mayoría las estudiantes tienen un nivel socioeconómico medio, acompañado de ciertas características en común como ingresos, vivienda, etc., asimismo, se concluyó que el programa aplicado mejora el nivel de educación financiera de las alumnas, ya que se observa un incremento en el nivel y ponderado. / The present investigation was carried out in the national school "Santa Magdalena Sofía" of Chiclayo, since within its curricular mesh no course on finance is included, which brings with it a low awareness and knowledge of financial topics such as: savings, budget, investment, debt and banking products. In response to this, the design of the Spanish program "Finanzas para todos" was applied to fifth-year secondary school students in order to improve their level of financial education. As a general objective, it was sought to determine the incidence of the "Finances for all" program in the financial education of fifth-year high school students of the "Santa Magdalena Sofía" national school in Chiclayo - 2023. The research design was experimental, quasi experimental, with a quantitative and applied approach. As a data collection technique, the survey was produced to characterize the students in terms of their socioeconomic level, and the knowledge test was applied to evaluate the level of financial education before and after the application of the program. It was determined that the majority of the students have a medium socioeconomic level, accompanied by certain characteristics in common such as income, housing, etc. Likewise, it was concluded that the applied program improves the level of financial education of the students, since it is observed an increase in level and weighted.

Doctor of Philosophy / Department of Family Studies and Human Services / Sonya L. Britt / This dissertation, consisting of three studies, explores the factors that influence the financial wellness of employees participating in a workplace financial education program. This dissertation also explores the influence that financial wellness has on the intention to engage in retirement planning activities and perceived retirement preparedness. Data for all three essays was obtained from a Financial Wellness Assessment instrument used in conjunction with a workplace financial education program provided by Financial Finesse (2013). The primary conceptual framework used to guide the three studies was Joo’s (2008) conceptual framework of financial wellness. The first essay examined factors that have been conceptualized as components of financial wellness—financial behaviors, perceived financial knowledge, and financial attitudes. Results showed that employees comfortable with their current level of non-mortgage debt and those with perceived financial knowledge had a greater sense of overall financial wellness. Core financial behaviors and advanced financial behaviors were also found to be associated with financial wellness with core financial behaviors having the biggest effect on financial wellness. Maintaining an emergency fund, having a handle on cash flow, paying credit card balances off in full each month, and paying bills on time were significantly related to greater financial wellness. Personal factors associated with a greater sense of financial wellness included household income, being under age 30, homeownership, being married, and not having children in the household. The second essay examined the influence of various subcomponents of financial wellness on retirement planning intention. Results indicated that retirement was the leading financial topic of interest of employees. Findings also demonstrated that desirable core financial management behaviors and a financial attitude of comfort regarding current non-mortgage debt increased the likelihood of employee intentions to engage in retirement planning activities. Specific financial behaviors associated with retirement planning intention included having a handle on cash flow, paying bills on time, and paying off credit card balances in full each month. Personal factors such as age and income also influenced retirement planning intention as older employees and those with greater household income were more likely to intend to plan for retirement. Having children in the household and non-Caucasian/White ethnicity decreased the likelihood of retirement planning intention. Finally, the third essay utilized Joo’s (2008) conceptual framework of financial wellness to explore factors that predict perceived retirement preparedness. Higher levels of financial satisfaction, perceived financial knowledge, and confidence in current asset allocation increased the likelihood employees demonstrated a sense of retirement preparedness. Core and advanced financial behaviors were also associated with perceived retirement preparedness. Younger employees and household income of $100,000 or more increased the likelihood of perceived retirement preparedness. Results of these three studies demonstrate that financial wellness has a significant influence on perceived retirement preparedness of employees engaged in information seeking activities as part of a workplace financial education program. Key components of financial wellness such as objective financial status, financial knowledge, financial attitudes, financial satisfaction, and financial behaviors were also found to be associated with the intention to engage in retirement planning activities. These findings are relevant to financial counselors, financial planners, financial educators, academicians, and employers dedicated to promoting increased financial wellness among employees.

The use of financial planning and control systems is one of the factors that influence the survival of small businesses. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the use of financial planning and control systems contributes to the survival of manufacturing MSEs in the Tshwane metropolitan area. The development and use of financial planning and control systems in MSEs was investigated. Manufacturing MSEs were asked to disclose the financial planning and control systems being utilised. Respondents indicated that they use some form of financial planning and control, be it, on a formal or informal basis. Most of these firms had been operating for a number of years suggesting that the use of financial planning and control systems, inter alia, contributes to the survival of an entity. The more modern financial planning and control systems are not readily used by manufacturing MSEs, but could be beneficial to their survival. / Management Accounting / M. Com. (Accounting)

Orientador: Marta Cilene Gadotti / Resumo: Este trabalho tem por objetivo mostrar um panorama geral da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) por meio de uma breve análise deste documento e propor atividades para cada objeto de conhecimento nela indicado que pode ser ligado à Matemática Financeira. Também deseja-se apresentar conceitos básicos sobre Matemática Financeira, visando uma preparação inicial do professor para a abordagem do tema. Esse trabalho é voltado para professores dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, geralmente formados em pedagogia ou no antigo magistério, Ensino Fundamental - Anos Finais e Ensino Médio, em geral, licenciados em Matemática. Nos últimos anos, o tema desse trabalho têm aparecido com frequência em vestibulares e Exames Nacionais do Ensino Médio (ENEM) e deverão ser ainda mais frequentes em suas próximas edições. / Abstract: This work aims to show a general overview of the National Curricular Common Base (BNCC) through a brief analysis of it and suggests activities for each object of knowledge indicated that can be linked to Financial Mathematics. It also wants to present basic concepts of Financial Mathematics, aiming at an initial preparation of the teacher to approach the theme. This work is aimed at teachers of the initial years of Elementary School, usually trained in pedagogy or former teaching degree, Elementary School - Final Years and High School, generally, teachers graduated in Mathematics. In the past years, the theme of this paper have appeared frequently in vestibular and National Exams of the Secondary School (ENEM) and should be even more frequent in their next editions. / Mestre

Les pays en développement, notamment en Afrique subsaharienne, sont confrontés au défi de réduire la pauvreté alors que peu d'entre eux ont réellement amorcé leur transition démographique. Les micro, petites et moyennes entreprises (MPME) sont un des principaux leviers de création d'emplois et de revenus. Cependant, elles font face à des obstacles importants, au premier lieu desquels le manque de financement.Depuis les années 1970, les institutions de microfinance (IMF) jouent un rôle central pour diminuer la contrainte financière qui affecte les populations exclues du financement bancaire. Dans cette thèse, nous utilisons des données sur des MPME clientes d'une IMF à Madagascar pour étudier trois aspects de la relation entre les IMF et leurs clients.Premièrement, nous nous intéressons à l'influence que peut avoir la contrainte financière sur le choix d'activités des micro-entrepreneurs. Nos résultats suggèrent que le manque de moyens financiers peut amener des individus à créer une activité dans un secteur différent de celui qu'ils souhaitaient initialement en raison de coûts d'entrée trop importants. Ce phénomène pourrait se traduire par une allocation sous-optimale des compétences entrepreneuriales. Dans notre second chapitre, nous suggérons que la stratégie de "montée en gamme" initiée par certaines IMF, c'est-à-dire le fait de proposer des crédits d'un montant de plus en plus élevé, peut conduire IMF et banques commerciales à entrer en concurrence pour attirer les MPME à plus fort potentiel. L'impact de cette stratégie demeure incertain selon qu'elle conduit les IMF à négliger les populations les plus pauvres et qu'elle détourne certains entrepreneurs du financement bancaire. Enfin, dans notre troisième chapitre, nous mettons en lumière le faible niveau d'éducation financière des entrepreneurs et ses éventuelles conséquences en termes de choix de prêteurs (entre IMF et banques).En conclusion, nos travaux soulignent le rôle que peut jouer la microfinance dans le développement des MPME, tout en suggérant certaines pistes pour optimiser son impact économique et social. / Developing countries, especially countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, are confronted with the need to reduce poverty while their populations are stillincreasing at high rates. Micro small and medium-sized enterprises hold the highest potential for job creation and income generation. However, lack of financing, among numerous other obstacles, significantly impedes their development.Microfinance institutions have played, and continue to play, a significant role in meeting the growing financing needs of MSEs excluded from the formal financial sector. In this dissertation, we attempt to illustrate some points to pay particular attention to in order to increase microfinance impacts. Firstly, we highlight that initial financial constraints may prevent entrepreneurs from investing in their first-choice sector and that ultimately, this misallocation of talent could be detrimental for growth. This result emphasizes the need for start-up financing, which is one of the riskiest and most critical aspects of running a business. Secondly, we draw attention on the fact that up-scaling strategies implemented by MFIs may lead to competition with banks. The net economic impact of up scaling strategies will depend on how much MFIs neglect the poorest clients (mission drift) and to what extent clients with the highest growth potential can in fact resort to commercial banks. Finally, we shed light on the fact that the lack of financial knowledge among entrepreneurs may actually skew their financing choices and ultimately prevent them from obtaining more affordable sources of financing.As a whole, MSEs need special attention to foster their growth and contribution to job creation. MFIs are a powerful tool to help MSEs meet growth objectives, but optimal development may require other forms of financial assistance and better suited funding.