The focus of this research is foster children. The goal of the research is to evaluate the utilisation value of gestalt play techniques in the assessment of the foster child in his middle childhood. An extensive literature study was undertaken. Middle childhood, the foster child, the gestalt approach, gestalt play therapy techniques and the assessment of selfworth from the frame of reference of the Department of Social Affairs and Population Development’s “Project Go” was taken as the theoretical foundation. The researcher made use of evaluative research within the framework of applied research in order to achieve the objective. Information was obtained by means of semi-structured interviews in the form of play therapy sessions. The research question was: “ How effectively can gestalt play therapy techniques be utilised to assess the selfworth of the foster child in his middle childhood?” Qualitative research was used as the case study served as research design. The research focussed on the following four components of selfworth, namely belonging, independence, mastery and generosity. In this research existing and adapted play therapy techniques were used in order to put together a number of assessment interviews for the assessment of the selfworth of the foster child in his middle childhood. Six foster children were involved in six assessment interviews.The results confirmed that the specific play therapy techniques can be utilised effectively to assess the selfworth of the foster child in his middle childhood. / Dissertation (MA(Social Work))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Social Work and Criminology / unrestricted

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T14:31:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Andrea Cury Borges de Gouvea Tonanni.pdf: 1138765 bytes, checksum: 4d7a29cceadb99c27f7e4587a99de85b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-07-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This qualitative research of interdisciplinar investigation seeks to find the balance point between development and management, concerning education. It was developed out of interdisciplinar interventions performed in different sectors of a school for professional education Senac Santana. Different intervention practices were used. Focussed in educational management, it checked the potentiality of the promotion of generous moments of relationaship, which led to effective changes. The challenge emerging from the interdisciplinar procedures adopted, raised fundamental questions that recovered the lost sensibility, and transmitted evolutive knowledge in the broad sense. Interdisciplinar actions were introduced and discussed , enabling the awakening of generosity as a 'virtue'. The research was conducted supported by authors like: Fazenda, Laville, Barbier, Comte-Sponville and Pineau. It was perceived, through the research, that interventions in connection with educators constitute a process of slow construction, that require discipline and integrated actions, which promote the possibility of effective exchanges, encourage self knowledge and expand the understanding of the need of a transformational education, and its role on the educational process. From all that, through the reports presented and practices described, the understanding of educators and change of perception of students were identified. The relevance of this work is its contribution for the education of the XXI century, which seeks for ways to develop solidarity and humanization, overcoming intellectual and affective conflicts, as well as the dicotomy between sense and sensibility / Esta pesquisa qualitativa do tipo investigação interdisciplinar buscou encontrar o ponto de equilíbrio entre formação e gestão na educação. Foi desenvolvida a partir de intervenções interdisciplinares realizadas com diferentes setores de uma escola de educação profissional Senac Santana. Coloca em questão práticas de intervenção diversas. Focada na questão gestão educacional, verificou a potencialidade de desencadear momentos generosos de convivência que conduziram a mudanças efetivas. O desafio que surgiu nos procedimentos interdisciplinares adotados colocou questões fundamentais que recuperaram a sensibilidade perdida e transmitiram saberes evolutivos no seu sentido mais amplo. Colocou e discutiu as formas interdisciplinares de ação que permitiram o despertar da generosidade enquanto virtude . Alicerçou-se em autores como: Fazenda, Laville, Barbier, Comte-Sponville, Pineau. Pode-se perceber com esta pesquisa que as intervenções junto aos educadores é um processo de construção lento, que exige disciplina e ações conjuntas e integradas, que promovem a possibilidade de trocas efetivas, estimulam o autoconhecimento e ampliam a compreensão sobre a necessidade de uma educação transformadora e seu papel no processo educativo. A partir delas, seja pelos relatos apresentados, seja pelas práticas educativas descritas, verificou-se a compreensão dos educadores e a mudança na percepção dos alunos. A relevância deste trabalho está na contribuição para a educação do século XXI que busca caminhos para desenvolver a solidariedade e a humanização, na superação dos conflitos intelectual e afetivo, bem como as dicotomias entre a razão e emoção

Previous research has found that family socialization influences financial giving behaviors and that financial giving predicts personal wellbeing. However, little research since the early 1980s has explored this phenomenon, and virtually none of the research has been qualitative in nature. As part of the Whats and Hows of Family Financial $ocialization project, this study employs a diverse, multi-site, multigenerational sample (N = 115) to qualitatively explore the following research question: how do children learn about financial giving from their parents? In other words, how is financial giving transmitted across generations? From interviews of emerging adults and their parents and grandparents, three core themes emerged: "Charitable Donations," "Acts of Kindness," and "Investments in Family." Various topics, processes, methods, and meanings involved in this socialization are presented, along with implications and potential directions for future research.

1 The concept of carpooling, its development and recent comprehension in judicial practice Abstract This thesis focuses on the concept of carpooling, its development and understanding of this concept in commonly spoken and legal language, including the current view of the Czech and European courts. A significant part of the work addresses the legal classification of carpooling. The first part describes the development of carpooling from its inception to the present. In the recent years, carpooling was often associated with the development of modern technology which caused confusion about the exact content of the concept of carpooling. In the second part I analyse carpooling from a linguistic viewpoint, both in terms of commonly used language and from a legal point of view. This also answers the question of whether the content of the concept "carpooling" has possibly changed over time. The third chapter looks at the relationship between carpooling and commercial activity. I try to find out whether any form of carpooling may also have commercial features. I also aim to establish whether there is a certain limit to when an activity can still be considered as carpooling. The fourth chapter discusses the most important case laws in the Czech and European context which deal with the solution of unfair competitive...

Several studies have seemingly demonstrated that artificial surveillance cues, such as images of watching eyes, increase prosocial behaviour. One of these studies investigated the effect of observation cues on moral judgment (Bourrat et al., 2011). Participants rated the moral acceptability of two misdeeds: falsifying information on a resume and keeping the cash found in a lost wallet. The moral acceptability ratings were lower for participants who were presented with an image of watching eyes than they were for participants exposed to a control image of flowers. The authors suggested that false cues of being watched triggered evolved cognitive mechanisms for recognizing when one is being observed. These mechanisms may have driven the cued participants to behave in a way that would have protected their reputations if they really had been watched; that is, by expressing disapproval of immoral behaviour. Inspired by Bourrat et al., I conducted an experiment investigating the effect of surveillance cues on self-rated positive traits, religiosity, and moral judgment. I found no evidence for an effect on any of these variables, including moral judgment. I conducted 3 more experiments, each increasingly similar in design to Bourrat et al., to determine the reason for the discrepancy in our results. None of my experiments replicated the surveillance cue effect. I suggest the most likely explanation is that Bourrat et al. obtained a false positive. My experimental results call into question the effect of surveillance cues on moral judgment; thus, it is appropriate to be skeptical of surveillance cues generally. I conducted a meta-analysis of studies investigating the effect of surveillance cues on generosity. The resulting funnel plot is consistent with publication bias in favour of significant results; it may also indicate that the surveillance cue effect on generosity, though perhaps a real phenomenon, is smaller than the literature implies. / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)

[pt] A saúde mental é atualmente uma preocupação pertinente em escala global e, para uma parte significativa da população mundial, está intrinsecamente ligada ao seu trabalho. Este fato representa um desafio notável para as organizações, resultando em custos consideráveis para os empregadores e para a sociedade em geral. Este estudo de viabilidade teve como objetivo desenvolver um protocolo para investigar os efeitos de uma intervenção de gratidão na saúde mental de líderes no mercado de trabalho brasileiro. Um programa experimental on-line de quatro semanas com um desenho empírico quantitativo para induzir a gratidão e observar a variação nos níveis de depressão, ansiedade e stress, bem como a autocompaixão, respostas ruminativas e crenças perfeccionistas. Adicionalmente, pretendeu-se identificar possíveis obstáculos à promoção da gratidão num ambiente empresarial. O programa consiste de diferentes tarefas, adotando escalas de autorrelato com estatísticas descritivas para ilustrar as características da amostra e as diferenças entre os grupos nas variáveis dependentes. Para testar a viabilidade, uma amostra de 134 líderes foi dividida em dois grupos equilibrados: experimental (intervenção) e de controle (em lista de espera). Foi possível observar resultados significativos na redução de sintomas de problemas de saúde mental, com redução dos escores de ansiedade, estresse e depressão, quando comparados ao grupo controle. O programa pode contribuir para o campo de pesquisa da saúde mental corporativa e para o desenvolvimento de futuras intervenções de gratidão no Brasil e no mundo. / [en] Mental health is major concern on a global scale, and for a significant portion of the worldwide population, it is intricately linked with their work. This presents a notable challenge within the workplace, resulting in considerable costs for employers and society at large. This feasibility study aimed to develop a protocol to investigate the effects of a gratitude intervention on the mental health among leaders within the Brazilian labor market. A four weeks online experimental program with a quantitative empirical design to induce gratitude and observe variation in levels of depression, anxiety and stress, as well as self-compassion, ruminative responses and perfectionist beliefs. In addiction it aspired to identify possible obstacles to fostering gratitude within a corporate environment. The program consists of different tasks, adopting self-report scales with descriptive statistics to illustrate the characteristics of the sample and the differences between the groups in the dependent variables. To test the feasibility, a sample of 134 leaders were divided in two balanced groups: experimental (intervention) and control group (on the waiting list). It was possible to observe significant results in reducing scores for mental health problems, with reduction in anxiety, stress, and depression scores, when compared to controls. Thus, the program could contribute to the field of corporate mental health research and the development of future gratitude interventions in Brazil and worldwide.

The theme of gift has in recent years been subject to considerable commentary in diverse disciplines including philosophy, anthropology, sociology, religious studies and literary criticism. The vast majority of these studies focus on how or whether gift can be differentiated from exchange. In this dissertation I maintain that gift is a form of giving and receiving that is distinct from exchange or commerce, and that it need not create an obligation to return or reciprocate. This gift is given unilaterally to the need of the other and results in relatedness rather than indebtedness. This essay considers the characteristics of exchange and of gift, then reviews the thought of five writers on giving/receiving and reciprocation. This is followed by an overview of the gift theme in African Traditional Religion and the Judaic and Christian traditions, and a concluding chapter summarising thoughts on gift and self-interest, sharing, need, and gratitude. / Religious Studies & Arabic / M.A.(Religious Studies)

O objetivo da pesquisa nesta dissertação foi a de dar a conhecer o conceito de generosidade demonstrado pelas crianças aos 6, 9 e 12 anos de idade, e as diferenças apresentadas entre as crianças da escola pública e particular. Através de entrevista clínica e aplicação de dilemas, foram submetidas 120 crianças: 20 em cada faixa etária para cada classe social, dividida entre os dois sexos. Os dados demonstraram que o conceito de generosidade forma-se precocemente nos indivíduos, e que maior clareza de sua definição cresce dos 06 aos 12 anos, contudo, não foram encontradas diferenças no desenvolvimento moral entre as crianças das duas classes. Outras virtudes, como a amizade e a fidelidade, surgiram nos inquéritos como vivencias intrinsecamente relacionadas à formação do conceito de generosidade. / The objective of this research was to know the concept of generosity demonstrated by children who were 6, 9 and 12 years old, and the differences presented between children from public and private schools. Through clinical research and dilemma presenting, 120 children were analyzed. They were divided in two society class groups, 20 in each age group and divided between the two genders. Data have demonstrated that the generosity concept is formed early in individuals, and that the definition gets clearer between the ages of 6 and 12.|There were no moral development differences between the two classes however. Other virtues, like friendship and loyalty appeared in questionnaires as experiences intrinsically related to the formation of the generosity concept.

O objetivo da pesquisa nesta dissertação foi a de dar a conhecer o conceito de generosidade demonstrado pelas crianças aos 6, 9 e 12 anos de idade, e as diferenças apresentadas entre as crianças da escola pública e particular. Através de entrevista clínica e aplicação de dilemas, foram submetidas 120 crianças: 20 em cada faixa etária para cada classe social, dividida entre os dois sexos. Os dados demonstraram que o conceito de generosidade forma-se precocemente nos indivíduos, e que maior clareza de sua definição cresce dos 06 aos 12 anos, contudo, não foram encontradas diferenças no desenvolvimento moral entre as crianças das duas classes. Outras virtudes, como a amizade e a fidelidade, surgiram nos inquéritos como vivencias intrinsecamente relacionadas à formação do conceito de generosidade. / The objective of this research was to know the concept of generosity demonstrated by children who were 6, 9 and 12 years old, and the differences presented between children from public and private schools. Through clinical research and dilemma presenting, 120 children were analyzed. They were divided in two society class groups, 20 in each age group and divided between the two genders. Data have demonstrated that the generosity concept is formed early in individuals, and that the definition gets clearer between the ages of 6 and 12.|There were no moral development differences between the two classes however. Other virtues, like friendship and loyalty appeared in questionnaires as experiences intrinsically related to the formation of the generosity concept.