El estudio buscó determinar la relación entre la autoeficacia y la felicidad en estudiantes de academias preuniversitarias de Lima Metropolitana que aspiran a ingresar a la universidad. Participaron 303 estudiantes preuniversitarios, cuyas edades oscilaron entre los 16 a 23 años (M= 18.05; DE= 1.252), quienes resolvieron la Escala de Autoeficacia General y la Escala de Felicidad. Los resultados evidencian una correlación positiva, alta y estadísticamente significativa entre la autoeficacia y las dimensiones sentido positivo de la vida, satisfacción con la vida y alegría de vivir. A su vez, se halló una relación positiva, moderada y estadísticamente significativa entre la autoeficacia y la dimensión realización personal. Por otra parte, no se encontraron diferencias en la autoeficacia y felicidad considerando el sexo, área de la carrera elegida, tipo y ubicación del colegio de procedencia. Con base en los resultados, se resalta la importancia de desarrollar competencias emocionales en los estudiantes preuniversitarios. Palabras clave: Autoeficacia, felicidad, academias preuniversitarias, estudiantes. / The study goal was to determine the relationship between self-efficacy and happiness in students from pre-university academies in metropolitan Lima. A sample of 303 pre-university students, whose ages ranged from 16 to 23 years (M = 18.05; SD = 1,252), answered General Self-efficacy Scale and Happiness Scale. The results indicated a positive, high and statistically significant correlation between self-efficacy and the dimensions positive meaning of life, satisfaction with life and joy of living. In turn, a positive, moderate and statistically significant relationship was found between self-efficacy and the dimension of personal fulfillment. Also, no differences were found in self-efficacy and happiness considering sex, area of the chosen career, type and location of the high school. Based on the results, the importance of developing emotional competencies in pre-university acadamies students is highlighted.

Happiness and the effects of happiness on individual level is an well established resarch topic. It is scientifically proven that happy individuals receives benefits regarding health and social life that unhappy individuals does not. This in combination with the average length of an individuals life has increased by 10 years since 1970 makes the relationship between happiness and age an interesting resarch topic. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the existance of a relationship between age and happiness in Sweden and in a selection of other european countries. The data is collected from the european social survey and analysed with multiple regression analysis in SPSS Statistics. The result is discussed in relation to Brüldes (2007) theory of hybrid happiness, Anderssons (2013) theory regarding the life course and Esping-Andersens (1990) theory about different welfare states. The main findings of this study is that there is no relationship between age and happiness in Sweden. There is however a relationship between age and happiness in a couple of european countries included in this study. The countries where the relationship is found belongs to the conservative welfare category. One explanation to why these countries reports a relationship is that conservative welfare gives the citizens individual conditions to care for their family and old ones.

The question this paper attempts to answer is: “Does God base his blessings to church members solely on giving”. The research investigated prosperity gospel from a missiological perspective, a gospel that promises material wealth, health and happiness to faithful Christians who sow “faithful seed to the ministers”. A Collection of literatures relating to the subject matter coupled with citations from interviewees was reviewed and analysed, in making judgment in answering the research question. To accomplish the objective of the study the biblical foundation of giving and prosperity were examined, the background, history and synonymous features to prosperity gospel were evaluated, coupled with the views of respondents. A comparison was made, and a conclusion was reached, based on the findings. Thus, grounded on the result obtained from the research the researcher attempts to establish that though God blesses humanity for obeying his command to give, it does not mean that giving is his prerequisite of blessing humankind. The claim that God wants everyone to be rich contradicts the Bible. For no one can instruct God on who to bless and curse, therefore the claim that man of Rhema can decree blessing on humankind per our giving power is unbiblical. / Dissertation (MA Theol)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / gm2014 / Science of Religion and Missiology / unrestricted

The purpose of this study is to describe and explore the happiness, sense of coherence and resilience of rural teachers from a positive psychology framework where positive and healthy adaptation is emphasized. This study forms part of the dissemination phase of a longitudinal study known as STAR (Supportive Teachers Assets and Resilience). Completed questionnaires by twelve rural teachers in STAR schools (2 primary and 1 secondary) in rural Mpumalanga were purposively sampled as data sources for secondary analysis. The measures included the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ), Resilience Scale (RS-14) and the Orientation to Life Questionnaire (SOC-13). Results are presented as descriptive and non-parametric statistics. Results indicated that teachers possess High Moderate to High levels of happiness, Moderate to High Moderate sense of coherence, and High Moderate to high levels of resilience. There was no significant relationship between happiness, sense of coherence and resilience. No significant differences were observed between levels of happiness, sense of coherence and resilience of teachers in (Pre- STAR intervention and post- STAR intervention); nor with regards to gender. Theorizing the findings of this study within the theoretical framework of positive psychology indicates that despite significant risk and adversity, teachers are able to demonstrate positive psychological constructs in the form of happiness (extraversion, kindness, humor, sense of purpose, aesthetic appreciation, locus of control, positive affect, self-efficacy, physical health and self-esteem ), sense of coherence (comprehensibility, manageability and meaning) and resilience (self-reliance, having a purposeful and meaningful life, equanimity, perseverance and existential aloneness). / Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / gm2014 / Educational Psychology / unrestricted

What makes people happy? Philosophers have asked this question for over 2000 years, and more recently, it has sparked the interest of researchers in both economics and psychology. The present dissertation unites five studies on the determinants of subjective well-being. Study 1 investigates whether certain pursuits, such as spending more time with other people, are particularly suited to increase life satisfaction. Study 2 turns to an indicator of the absence of well-being, worries, and how they are affected by both age and external world events. Moving on to potential moderators, Study 3 tests the popular notion that overall life satisfaction is an aggregate of satisfaction with different life domains, weighted by the importance of the respective domains. Study 4 investigates whether age is an important moderator, as it seems plausible that different things matter to people in different life stages. Lastly, Study 5 provides a critique of a popular conceptualization of happiness in which its causes—genes, life circumstances, and volitional activities—are decomposed and compared quantitatively. Discussing problems underlying this reasoning naturally leads to challenges for future research on well-being which concludes this dissertation.

The master thesis seeks to analyze discursive representations of happiness present in the Czech Republic. Analytical conceptualization of happiness is based upon the two prominent views on happiness - hedonism and eudaimonism. Hedonic perspective situates the issue of achieving happiness into the context of pleasure seeking activities while eudaimonic perspective relates happiness to concepts such as self-actualization, fulfilment of one's potential, and similar topics broadly connected to personal growth and search for meaning. Concepts of hedonism and eudaimonism help to reduce the abstract nature of happiness. The thesis identifies three types of discursive representations of happiness - neoliberal, spiritual / religious, and pop-psychological representations. Particular representations define happiness differently. However, there are similarities and interdependencies in the aspects of how the hedonism and eudaimonism are being used. Thus, there are interactions between particular representations. Eudaimonism is more dominant in every representation in the sense of general claim that true (longlasting) happiness is never taken-for-granted, and that it must be cultivated. Representations that lean heavily towards eudaimonism were also associated with stronger normative dimension that might serve to...

The thesis deals with suicide and topics related to it in the concept of Chrysippus of Soloi and St. Augustine. Despite the differences in their conclusions, both discuss this phenomenon in connection withdissatisfaction with life. They are based on the assumption of the initial inadequacy of human nature and the possibility of attaining happiness through its perfection. Chrysippus believes that under certain conditions suicide can become a reasonable act. The development of rationality allows one to see events from a universal perspective and to free oneself from dependence on external objects that produce passions including adherence to life. The decision to voluntarily end one's life is based on an insight into the course of nature and what is natural to man. Thanks to this knowledge, suicide becomes a virtuous act and a manifestation of harmony with nature. For Augustine, on the other hand, suicide isan expression of human weakness, an inability to cope with the miseries of life and a cowardly escape from suffering. However, he considers suffering to be an integral part of life, hiding in itself the possibility of moral remedy. Suicide manifests human egoism, which is the cause of the original sin, the degradation of the human nature and an barrier on the road to happiness and salvation.

According to the procreation asymmetry there is no moral reason to create a new and foreseeably happy person just because this person will be happy, but there is however a moral reason against creating a new and foreseeably unhappy person just because this person will be unhappy. A common way to defend this conjunction of claims is by employing a so-called existence-requirement, according to which the happiness of a given person p in a world w depends on it being possible to understand p as an existing person in w. The aim of this paper is to consider whether this existence-requirement strategy is compatible with other intuitions and convictions held in normative moral theory and populations ethics. This aim will be achieved by considering whether the existence-requirement strategy is compatible with three plausible desiderata for a solution to the (normative) procreation asymmetry. Although some solutions to some potential incompatibilities are suggested, the thesis that will be argued for is that every instance of the existence-requirement strategy is incompatible with at least one of the relevant desiderata. Where the common denominating incompatibility for all instances of the existence-requirement strategy is to be found in an inability to be sufficiently action-guiding. / Enligt fortplantningsasymmetrin finns det inget moraliskt skäl att skapa en ny person som kommer att vara lycklig bara för att den personen kommer att vara lycklig. Detta samtidigt som det finns ett moraliskt skäl att inte skapa en ny person som kommer att vara olycklig bara för att den personen kommer att vara olycklig. Ett vanligt sätt att försvara denna sammansättning av påståenden är genom att använda ett så kallat existensvillkor, enligt vilket lyckan av en given person p i en värld w är villkorad av att p kan förstås som en existerande person in w. Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att överväga huruvida den vederbörande existensvillkorsstrategin är förenlig med intuitioner och övertygelser hållna inom normativ moralteori och populationsetik. Detta syfte kommer att uppnås genom att överväga huruvida existensvillkorsstrategin är förenlig med tre rimliga desiderata för en lösning av den (normativa) fortplantningsasymmetrin. Fastän en del lösningar på vissa potentiella oförenligheter föreslås, är den tes som argumenteras för är i slutändan att varje exempel på existensvillkorsstrategin är oförenligt med åtminstone ett av de relevanta desiderata. Där den gemensamma nämnaren för samtliga exempel på existensvillkorsstrategin går att finna i en oförmåga att vara tillräckligt handlingsvägledande

According to the procreation asymmetry there is no moral reason to create a new and foreseeably happy person just because this person will be happy, but there is however a moral reason against creating a new and foreseeably unhappy person just because this person will be unhappy. A common way to defend this conjunction of claims is by employing a so-called existence-requirement, according to which the happiness of a given person p in a world w depends on it being possible to understand p as an existing person in w. The aim of this paper is to consider whether this existence-requirement strategy is compatible with other intuitions and convictions held in normative moral theory and populations ethics. This aim will be achieved by considering whether the existence-requirement strategy is compatible with three plausible desiderata for a solution to the (normative) procreation asymmetry. Although some solutions to some potential incompatibilities are suggested, the thesis that will be argued for is that every instance of the existence-requirement strategy is incompatible with at least one of the relevant desiderata. Where the common denominating incompatibility for all instances of the existence-requirement strategy is to be found in an inability to be sufficiently action-guiding. / Enligt fortplantningsasymmetrin finns det inget moraliskt skäl att skapa en ny person som kommer att vara lycklig bara för att den personen kommer att vara lycklig. Detta samtidigt som det finns ett moraliskt skäl att inte skapa en ny person som kommer att vara olycklig bara för att den personen kommer att vara olycklig. Ett vanligt sätt att försvara denna sammansättning av påståenden är genom att använda ett så kallat existensvillkor, enligt vilket lyckan av en given person p i en värld w är villkorad av att p kan förstås som en existerande person in w. Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att överväga huruvida den vederbörande existensvillkorsstrategin är förenlig med intuitioner och övertygelser hållna inom normativ moralteori och populationsetik. Detta syfte kommer att uppnås genom att överväga huruvida existensvillkorsstrategin är förenlig med tre rimliga desiderata för en lösning av den (normativa) fortplantningsasymmetrin. Fastän en del lösningar på vissa potentiella oförenligheter föreslås, är den tes som argumenteras för är i slutändan att varje exempel på existensvillkorsstrategin är oförenligt med åtminstone ett av de relevanta desiderata. Där den gemensamma nämnaren för samtliga exempel på existensvillkorsstrategin går att finna i en oförmåga att vara tillräckligt handlingsvägledande.

In recent decades, economists are gradually showing their interests in the study of happiness. They even put forward some challenges to the traditional theories. In contrast, studies on Chinese happiness problem are not enough in terms of breadth and depth.  This paper used the data provided by China General Social Survey to conduct an empirical analysis. The model author adopted is Ordered Discrete Choice model. In the empirical section, author analyzed the impact of income, macroeconomic variables, etc.  Ultimately, based on the empirical results, author proposed some policy recommendations and further study suggestions.