Spelling suggestions: "subject:"[een] HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX"" "subject:"[enn] HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX""
41 |
Gestão pública municipal e o problema do ato infracional. / Municipal public management and the issue of infrational act.Edison Prado de Andrade 23 March 2007 (has links)
A partir da análise dos dados sobre a prática do ato infracional na cidade de Jundiaí, entre os períodos de 2000 e 2005, esta pesquisa compara esta política setorial com os índices que mensuram o nível de desenvolvimento e a qualidade de vida da população do município, desenvolvendo uma ampla reflexão acerca do problema, que é apenas parte de um problema maior que caracteriza uma nova forma de criminalidade, evidenciando crise e ruptura do sistema social liberal democrático e que se manifesta pelo confronto às instituições públicas estatais ou pela apatia em relação à participação político-democrática. A ausência e omissão do Estado em promover políticas públicas capazes de favorecer o desenvolvimento de todos pela expansão das liberdades individuais, expõe parcelas significativas da população brasileira a situações de vulnerabilidade, potencializa o problema e impõe neste momento histórico a necessidade de repactuação de um novo contrato social e da modificação das regras do jogo democrático com vistas à paz social. Neste escopo, a gestão pública do ato infracional requer que se reflita apropriadamente acerca dos vazios legais, das práticas políticas não democráticas e dos padrões culturais que subsistem historicamente na implementação dos direitos infanto-juvenis, em sua interface com os princípios e diretrizes do direito da criança e do adolescente. A descentralização político-administrativa e a municipalização do atendimento, bem como o caráter deliberativo das ações em todos os níveis pelos conselhos de direitos da criança e do adolescente, são discussões essenciais que se travam no bojo de uma discussão maior pela qual o que almeja é que o sistema econômico e o sistema político priorizem em suas pautas e ações, de modo efetivo e absoluto, a criança e o adolescente. / From the analysis of the data from practice of infrational act in city of Jundiaí, between the periods of 2000 and 2005 this resource compares this sectorial policy with the index that measure the level of development and life quality of the population of the town, developing a wide reflex regarding the problem that is only a part of a bigger problem that characterizes a new form of criminality showing crisis and rupture of the social liberal democratic system that is shown by the confronting to the state public institutions or by the apathy regarding the political democratic participation. The absences and the omission of the state in promoting public polices to favour the development of all by growth of individual liberties, exposes significant parts of the Brazilian population to vulnerable situations, potentializes the problem and inputs in this historical moment the necessity recontractuation of a new social contract and the modification of the rules of the democratic game with views to social peace. In this purpose, the public gestor of the infrational act demands that there is an appropriate review regarding legal emptiness, of the non democratic political practice and of the cultural patterns that survive historically in the criation of the infantile-juvenile rights in its relationship with the principals and purposes of the teenager\'s and child\'s rights. The political administrative decentralization and municipalization of the attending, as the deliberate character of the actions in all levels by the children?s /teenager\'s rights councils boards, are essential discussions that lock in the aim of the bigger discussion that seeks the priorization of the economical and political systems in their principals and actions in an absolute and effective way, for children and teenager\'s.
|
42 |
Análise fractal de formas urbanas: estudo sobre a dimensão fractal e o Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano Municipal (IDHM)Costa, Paulo Cesar da 18 February 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:37:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Paulo Cesar da Costa.pdf: 4253113 bytes, checksum: 8fe9dda35243a879336e5fa6037d55cb (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2014-02-18 / The concepts of fractal geometry, which were developed in 1975 by Mandelbrot, complement Euclidean geometry as they provide theoretical dimensional fundamentals for shapes whose
irregularities cannot be properly interpreted by classical topological definitions. The standards of this irregular morphology, found in abundance in nature, can be recognized in the construction processes of various fractals anthropic figures, mainly when combined with computational technology. Professionals and researchers from several knowledge fields are
exploring these concepts to simulate or create models of irregular shapes, with detail levels hitherto inconceivable. Earth sciences supported by geotechnologies have great potential for
applying Mandelbrot s theories as a conceptual reference for analyzing phenomena presenting fractal behaviors, belonging to different application areas as geomorphology, climatology and
urban and landscapes studies. In this approach, the fractal dimension of the territorial space occupied by cities is considered an indicator for understanding occupation patterns as one of
the factors to be considered in urban planning policies, e.g., to propose projects for more appropriate investments distribution and development of infrastructure. In this work, these
concepts were applied by using the box-counting method to calculate the fractal dimension of urban forms from eight Brazilian state capitals by using the Municipal Human Development
Index (MHDI) as the selection criteria: four cities ranked among the top of the list and four cities classified among the last positions of the state capitals. The results were analyzed in
order to identify possible relationships or trends among these indicators, namely, fractal dimension and MHDI, that may support future studies and urban planning. These relationships were not confirmed: the eight studied cities presented heterogeneous fractal dimension values and no trends were verified. However, it was concluded that the fractal dimension of urban form is related to its scattering pattern and occupation over the geographical territorial space and may be an indicator of the occupation density from the urban area. / Os conceitos da geometria fractal, desenvolvida em 1975 por Mandelbrot, complementam os da geometria euclidiana à medida que fornecem um arcabouço teórico de cálculo dimensional
para diversas formas cujas irregularidades apresentam características que não podem ser interpretadas adequadamente pelas definições topológicas clássicas. Os padrões dessa
morfologia irregular, encontrada em abundância na natureza, podem ser reproduzidos em processos de construção de figuras fractais desenvolvidas pelo homem, especialmente quando
combinadas com a tecnologia computacional. Profissionais e pesquisadores de diversas áreas de conhecimento passaram a explorar esses conceitos a fim de simular ou criar modelos de
formas irregulares, com níveis de detalhe até então inconcebíveis. As ciências da Terra, com o apoio de ferramentas de geotecnologia, apresentam grande potencial de se apropriar das teorias da geometria de Mandelbrot, como referência conceitual aos estudos de fenômenos que apresentam comportamento fractal, pertencentes a várias áreas de aplicação como a geomorfologia, climatologia e os estudos urbanos e de paisagens. Nessa abordagem, a dimensão fractal do espaço territorial ocupado pelas cidades vem sendo considerada indicador
importante para entendimento desse padrão de ocupação, contribuindo como um dos fatores a ser considerados nas políticas de planejamento urbano e, por exemplo, propor projetos de distribuição de investimentos e desenvolvimento de infraestrutura mais adequados. Neste trabalho, esses conceitos foram aplicados por meio da utilização do método da contagem de
quadrados para calcular a dimensão fractal das formas urbanas de oito capitais brasileiras, utilizando o Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano Municipal (IDHM) de 2010, publicado em
julho de 2013, como critério de seleção. Foram escolhidas quatro cidades classificadas entre as primeiras da lista e outras quatro que ocupam as últimas posições entre as capitais estaduais, com o objetivo de encontrar possíveis relações ou tendências entre esses indicadores dimensão fractal e IDHM que pudessem subsidiar futuros estudos e planejamentos urbanos. Os resultados obtidos não revelaram a existência de tais relações: as
oito cidades estudadas apresentaram valores dimensionais heterogêneos, sem registro de tendências. No entanto, foi possível concluir que a dimensão fractal de uma forma urbana está relacionada ao seu padrão de espalhamento e ocupação do espaço territorial geográfico e pode ser considerada um indicador da densidade de ocupação da área urbana.
|
43 |
Analýza úrovně kvality života pomocí shlukové analýzy a porovnání s Human Development Indexem / Analysis of the Quality of life using cluster analysis and comparison with the Human Development IndexPánková, Barbara January 2015 (has links)
Nowadays quality of life is often discussed topic. In defining this term, there is considerable ambiguity and disunity, since there is no universally accepted definition, nor theoretically sophisticated model. However, despite this fact, the level of quality of life is currently one of the most discussed topic. Monitoring the quality of life by using a variety of indicators are engaged in several international organizations, one of them is the Development Programme of the United Nations. This organization annually publishes the Human Development Index, which divides the world´s countries into four groups according to their level of development: low, medium, high and very high development. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the quality of life in 125 countries by using cluster analysis, accurately the Ward's method. Quality of life in this thesis is evaluated based on 19 demographic and economic indicators, which include life expectancy, literacy rate, access to drinking water and infant mortality rate. The cluster analysis divided the country into individual clusters by their similarities. Six clusters were created by this analysis, which had been compared with the results of Human Development Index. The clusters very well reflect the division, which is commonly used in the characterization of developing and developed countries. Each of the six clusters can be very well described and characterized in terms of quality of life. It is also possible qualify those clusters as poorest developing, low developed, moderately developed, medium development, high and very high development countries. Based on the results it can be stated that this analysis is consistent with other indicators of quality of life and the resulting clusters are identical with the division of countries which is commonly used.
|
44 |
Softwarové pirátství v prostředí odlišných kultur / Software Piracy in the Environment of Different CulturesRyšavá, Iveta January 2012 (has links)
The aim of this thesis is to statistically determine the dependence rate of software piracy in the cultural foundation of the country and other factors. Data obtained from internet were the resources of my work. They were from the results of different surveys and case studies. The data contain values of individual indicators, each for a maximum number of countries. The nature of the collected data leads to the analysis of quantitative variables such were selected correct statistical methods. Dependence of the quantitative variables was measured by simple linear regression. The rate of this dependence determines the correlation analysis. In my case Spearman's correlation coefficient was used. Any dependence was investigated with a pair of indicators. In each of pairs was as the dependent variable rate of software piracy. For better understanding I have used the graphs. From my thesis, I expect evaluate past and current situation about software piracy in the Czech Republic and in the world, and that shows influences the amount of computer crime.
|
45 |
Parada cardíaca perioperatória e por fator anestésico em pacientes geriátricos revisão sistemática com meta-análise e análise de metarregressão /Braghiroli, Karen Santos January 2016 (has links)
Orientador: Leandro Gobbo Braz / Resumo: A população mundial está envelhecendo e o número de procedimentos anestésico-cirúrgicos está aumentando na faixa etária de 60 anos, comparando-se com outros grupos etários. Considerando essa realidade e a existência de diferenças na segurança do paciente entre países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento, a presente revisão comparou a incidência de Parada Cardíaca (PC) perioperatória e por fator anestésico em pacientes geriátricos em países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento de acordo com o IDH (Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano) e em dois períodos de tempo. Comparou-se também a literatura mundial da incidência de PC perioperatória e por fator anestésico ao longo do tempo (pré-1990s e 1990-2014) e em relação ao IDH. Métodos: Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática de estudos transversais da literatura mundial sobre a incidência de PC perioperatória e por fator anestésico em pacientes geriátricos. Foi realizada meta-análise da incidência de PC perioperatória e por fator anestésico em 10.000 anestesias, de acordo com o IDH dos países e o período de tempo (pré-1990s e 1990-2014). Utilizou-se a análise de metarregressão para analisar a incidência de PC perioperatória e por fator anestésico ao longo do tempo e do IDH dos países. A meta-análise e a metarregressão foram realizadas considerando um intervalo de confiança (IC) de 95%. Resultados: Foram incluídos 16 estudos de nove países diferentes, com um total de 1.758.153 pacientes geriátricos submetidos à anestesia. A meta-análise most... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The world population is ageing and the number of anesthesia and surgical procedures are increasing in the sixty-years-old compared to other age groups. Considering this and the differences in patient safety in low- and high-income countries, the current study compared the perioperative and anesthesia-related CA rates in geriatric patients in low- and high-income countries in two time periods. Additionally, we compared global data on anesthesia-related and perioperative cardiac arrest (CA) rates according to Human Development Index (HDI) status and by time. Methods: A systematic review was performed to identify worldwide observational studies in which geriatric patients were submitted to anesthesia with perioperative and/or anesthesia-related CA rates. Meta-analysis per 10,000 anesthetics and meta-regression were performed with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to compare the perioperative and anesthesia-related CA rates by country’s HDI status (low-HDI versus high-HDI) and by time period (pre-1990s versus 1990-2014), and to evaluate data on perioperative and anesthesia-related CA rates according to country’s HDI status and by time. Results: Sixteen studies from 9 countries assessing 1,758,153 anesthetic administrations in geriatric patients were included. The meta-analysis showed that the perioperative and anesthesia-related CA rates declined in high-HDI (38.6 [95% CI, 37.8-39.6] before the 1990s to 7.7 [95% CI, 7.6-7.8] in the 1990-2014, P<0.001; and 9.2 [95% CI, 8.9-9.5] befor... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre
|
46 |
A framework to minimize systemic indebtedness : a financialisation theoretical perspectiveMambona, Lehlohonolo Gabriel 10 1900 (has links)
The purpose of this study is to develop an indebtedness framework that explains the effects of financialisation and household indebtedness on economic development. For this purpose, the study empirically examines annual South African data covering the years 1990-2017 to look at the effect of financialisation before and after the 2007/08 financial crisis. South Africa adopted an inflation targeting monetary policy regime in the 1990s before the global economic crisis in response to the global financial crisis of 2007-08. Examining data from 1990-2017 made it possible to look at the effects of financial deregulation policies that were introduced post the 2007-08 financial meltdown.
The study addressed three objectives. The first objective sought to establish the extent of financialisation in the South African economy pre and post the 2008 financial crisis. To achieve this objective, annual time series data from 1990-2017 on financialisation variables was split into two, before and after the financial crisis. Graphical presentations of the four financialisation variables (financial deregulation, foreign financial inflows, asset price volatility, and shift to market-based finance) showed that there was a difference in financialisation before and after the 2008 financial crisis. Analysis of variance showed that there is a statistically significant difference between the foreign financial inflows’ series before and after the financial meltdown of 2008 (t-test value -6.527, p ≤ 0.0001). (1990-2008). The findings also showed that there was no statistically significant difference between asset price volatility before and after the financial meltdown of 2008. Interestingly, there is a statistically significant difference between stock market value traded in the period from 1990-2008 and 20092017 after the financial crisis (t = -4.295, p ≤0.001).
The second objective sought to examine the causal direction between financialisation and household indebtedness. Contrary to a priori expectations, the findings showed that financial deregulation, foreign financial inflows and shift to market-based finance do not Granger cause indebtedness. However, the findings showed that the null hypothesis that asset price does not Granger cause household indebtedness was rejected. This implies that there is a causal direction between asset price volatility and household indebtedness
Lastly, the third objective of this study was to explain the effects of financialisation and indebtedness on economic development to inform the indebtedness framework that this study set out to develop. Using annual data for the period of 1990 to 2017, the third objective was addressed by examining the effect of household indebtedness and financialisation on economic development. These effects were tested using OLS regression and error correction modelling technique (ECM) for each of the four financialisation variable: (1) financial deregulation measured using the financial reform index; (2) foreign financial inflows measured using stock of foreign liabilities as percentage of GDP; (3) asset price volatility; and (4) shift to market-based finance, measured using stock market value traded as percentage of GDP.
The findings showed that foreign financial inflows and asset price index when regressed with household indebtedness showed a statistically significant effect on economic development in a long-run model. The indebtedness framework was duly presented showing that economic development is likely to be negatively and strongly affected by financialisation as experienced in asset price volatility and foreign financial inflows. / Graduate School of Business Leadership / D.B.L.
|
47 |
Entering new markets : A qualitative case study on the effective forms of Key Account Management in emerging marketsSchröder, Philip, Palusaar, Rachel January 2024 (has links)
During the past decades, since the phenomenal event of globalization, more businesses have expanded abroad as they continue to grow as an MNE. Which has led to them growing larger and with more people and relationships to manage, bringing us to the founding of the KAM system. A system with the purpose of guiding companies in how to manage both its internal and external relationships, though mainly those who are key accounts. As the system grows more popular amongst companies it has been found that the structure of it does differentiate between them. This has been in terms of how formalized it is. This brings the question of whether or not the level of formalization has an affect on how effective the system is in fulfilling its purpose in the company. Thus, that is what this research paper aims to examine in a few MNEs. By studying what level of formalization their system has, how it impacts their KA relationship management, and how effective the system is perceived to be by them in achieving this. By combining these three aspects a logical conclusion could be drawn. To achieve this, the study has been designed with an abductive and qualitative research approach, more specifically with case studies to allow for a more in-depth investigation on the topic. This would allow for a deeper understanding for how the system has functioned for and in the company, whilst considering its purpose. Thereafter, the findings are discussed in relation to relevant theories, concepts and framework. While the concepts have provided themes to the analysis, the findings have been used to validate or challenge the theories and frameworks. The discussion finally concludes that the level of formalization in a KAM system does have an impact on its effectiveness in fulfilling its purpose at the company.
|
48 |
The socio-economic impact assessment of Lower Gweru Irrigation Scheme in Gweru ZimbabweDube, Kaitano 11 1900 (has links)
M.Sc.(Geography) / This study aimed at examining the social and economic impact of rural irrigation schemes with a particular focus on the Lower Gweru Irrigation scheme. The general objective of this study was to assess if rural irrigation schemes can act as livelihood security assets in transforming rural livelihoods, reduce poverty and attain food security in light of climate change.
Results are based on findings from self-administered questionnaires directed at farmers and irrigation stakeholders, and face to face interviews involving farmers and stakeholders. Using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, Microsoft excel and Health 24 web BMI calculator it was concluded that; Lower Gweru schemes, is a source of livelihood security securing food security, reduce poverty and creates rural employment. Regardless of various challenges faced by rural irrigation farmers, irrigations act as poverty and climate change buffers, providing an opportunity for communities to raise their Human Development Index and attain sustainable development. / Department of Geography
|
49 |
Nerovnomoměrný rozvoj světové ekonomiky / Uneven Development of the World EconomyBílý, Boris January 2016 (has links)
This diploma thesis deals with inequalities within the Word economic development. The development is conceived in the context of world systems theory for the proper evaluation of this development. The question, whether there is a convergence or divergence across countries and groups of countries is an important question of contemporary studies of globalization. While proponents of modernization theory tend to say that countries converge, adherents of world systems theory mostly think the opposite. Another contribution of this work is the evaluation of economic development not based only on the production capabilities and growth. The approach is more complex and includes the development of the society as a whole. Therefore, Human development index was used for analysis and the researched period was set to 1980-2014 due to data availability. The analysis deals not only with inequalities between the parts of the world system, but partially also with inequalities within these parts. The theoretical part consists of discussion of the existing studies of world systems and economic development and explains the necessary terms and context. Practical part is made of own regionalization of the world into three parts of the world system (core, semiperiphery and periphery) based on criteria chosen according to...
|
50 |
A REALIDADE DA PEQUENA EMPRESA DE MÉDIO PORTE DO ENSINO SUPERIOR FACULDADE ALIANÇA NO MUNICÍPIO DE ITABERAÍ.Leles, Celia Alves de 10 December 2015 (has links)
Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2016-09-02T17:40:18Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
CELIA ALVES DE LELES.pdf: 1521803 bytes, checksum: cd3e757bb2130fa009ac8627748b5353 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-02T17:40:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
CELIA ALVES DE LELES.pdf: 1521803 bytes, checksum: cd3e757bb2130fa009ac8627748b5353 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2015-12-10 / The study aims to investigate questions that hinder the growth of small HEIs (Higher
Education Institutions). Through field research and institutional evaluation, we sought
to compare the results obtained in an evaluation process in the academic community
and local, interpreting the reality of small IES-private, located in the interior of Goiás,
FAIT (Alliance School), there are 07 (seven) years operates in the field of higher
education, as PMIES, with an approximate capacity of 300 students enrolled. This
paper compares the standards and guidelines of the National Assessment of Higher
Education Institutions System - SINAES / CONAES, from the data collected and
analysis by research conducted by ABMES, between the years 2013-2014, and by
analysis of research authors like Ristoff and Sobrinho. The analysis began with the
lifting of qualitative comparative profile, matching the CPA's (committee for
assessment) internal and external of the same HEI (2013), as well as bibliographic
data and documentaries, which provided the mapping references and the reality of
small private institution in the city of Itaberaí. Then made up his own field research
HEIs (Higher Education Institutions) in 2014, through a detailed, organized that
provided the search suggestions, projects as alternative to improve the
competitiveness of private small IES and midsize, research object. And, based on
field research, completed the CPA (internal) in March and April 2013, analyzed the
reality of small HEIs (Higher Education Institutions) and the observation of its
influence in the IDH (Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano) (Index Human
Development) site. The field research addressed together: the questionnaire,
application of complementary interviews by CATI methodology (by telephone) and
individually, the representatives of the local community, students and alumni of FAIT
(Alliance College); already Institutional Evaluation was carried out by the online
system through Web Survey, students and employees FAIT (Alliance College). At
first, we tried to understand the reality and the assessment of the scenario of
Brazilian higher education in relation to research and the actual phase is the
establishment of the small college, in the city and region, higher education institution
located in the Central region west Goiano. The results achieved in small IES-FAIT,
when comparing to research presented by ABMEIS (2013) suggest greater care and
support the permanence of small private HEIs in the municipalities, which are
installed in view of the importance of these in the IDH (Índice de Desenvolvimento
Humano) (Index Human development), despite the financial difficulties they face. For
it is clear the influence of PMIES (Small and Medium Higher Education Institution) to
local and regional development, with a tendency to increase per capita income and
economic of each region, where they are installed. / O estudo tem como propósito investigar quesitos que dificultam o crescimento das
pequenas IES (Instituições de Ensino Superior). Através de uma pesquisa de campo
e avaliação institucional, buscamos comparar os resultados apurados em um
processo avaliativo junto à comunidade acadêmica e local, interpretando a realidade
da pequena IES-privada, situada no interior de Goiás, FAIT (Faculdade Aliança), que
há 07 (sete) anos atua no ramo do Ensino Superior, como PMIES, com capacidade
aproximada para 300 alunos matriculados. O presente trabalho compara as normas
e diretrizes do Sistema Nacional de Avaliação das Instituições de Ensino Superior –
SINAES/CONAES, a partir dos dados e análises levantados, por pesquisa realizada
pela ABMES, entre os anos de 2013-2014, e mediante análise das pesquisas de
autores como Ristoff e Sobrinho. A análise iniciou com o levantamento do perfil
comparativo qualitativa, combinando com a CPA´s (Comissão Própria de Avaliação)
interna e externa da mesma IES (2013), assim como de dados bibliográficos e
documentários, que proporcionaram o mapeamento e referências da realidade da
pequena IES privada, no município de Itaberaí. Em seguida fez-se a pesquisa de
campo da própria IES (Instituições de Ensino Superior), em 2014, através de uma
análise detalhada, organizada que proporcionou a busca de sugestões, projetos
como alternativos para a melhoria da competitividade da IES privada de pequeno e
médio porte, objeto de pesquisa. E, com base na pesquisa de campo, completada
com a CPA (interna), em março e abril de 2013, analisou-se a realidade da pequena
IES (Instituições de Ensino Superior), bem como a observação de sua influência no
IDH (Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano) local. A pesquisa de campo abordou em
conjunto: à aplicação de questionário, aplicação de entrevistas complementares por
meio da metodologia CATI (por telefone) e individualmente, a representantes da
comunidade local, alunos e ex-alunos da FAIT (Faculdade Aliança); já a Avaliação
Institucional foi realizada pelo sistema on-line, através de Web Survey, aos alunos e
funcionários da FAIT (Faculdade Aliança). A princípio, buscou-se compreender a
realidade e o cenário da avaliação da Educação Superior brasileira no que se refere
à pesquisa e a real fase que constitui o estabelecimento da pequena Faculdade, no
município e região, instituição de ensino superior localizada na região do Centro
Oeste-Goiano. Os resultados realizados na pequena IES-FAIT, ao comparar com a
pesquisa apresentada pela ABMEIS (2013) sugerem maior cuidado e apoio a
permanência das pequenas IES privadas, nos municípios, que estão instaladas,
tendo em vista a importância dessas no IDH (Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano),
mesmo diante das dificuldades financeiras que enfrentam. Pois, é nítida a influência
das PMIES (Pequena e Média Instituição de Ensino Superior) ao desenvolvimento
local e regional, com tendência a aumentar a renda per capita e econômica de cada
região, a onde estão instaladas.
|
Page generated in 0.0422 seconds