(English) Guided imagery is not so far frequently used method, also there is not existing more extensive research in this field. Nevertheless, some papers showing potential of this technique can be found. This thesis deals with the use of guided imagery to influence biological (immune) processes. So far there is only a very small number of studies dealing with this topic. This is a pilot study in this particular application. The study included 38 participants. The effect of guided imagery on immunological parameters was monitored, as well as other factors that can be related to the effectiveness of the intervention (ease of process visualization, level of stress). The study also dealt with the possible influence of the metaphor in visualization content on its effectiveness. Although there is not clear result of this study on global level, there is a number of interesting partial results. Particularly, interesting observations significant in view of further research direction in this field have emerged from this work. In particular, the influence of stress, or more precisely its association with the guided imagery effect could be a promising area for further research. Based on this work, it is not possible to comment on the possible effect on guided imagery effect, because probands were not...

Airborne multi-sensor imaging is increasingly used to examine vegetation properties. The advantage of using multiple types of sensor is that each detects a different feature of the vegetation, so that collectively they provide a detailed understanding of the ecological pattern. Specifically, Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) devices produce detailed point clouds of where laser pulses have been backscattered from surfaces, giving information on vegetation structure; hyperspectral sensors measure reflectances within narrow wavebands, providing spectrally detailed information about the optical properties of targets; while aerial photographs provide high spatial-resolution imagery so that they can provide more feature details which cannot be identified from hyperspectral or LiDAR intensity images. Using a combination of these sensors, effective techniques can be developed for mapping species and inferring leaf physiological processes at ITC-level. Although multi-sensor approaches have revolutionised ecological research, their application in mapping individual tree crowns is limited by two major technical issues: (a) Multi-sensor imaging requires all images taken from different sensors to be co-aligned, but different sensor characteristics result in scale, rotation or translation mismatches between the images, making correction a pre-requisite of individual tree crown mapping; (b) reconstructing individual tree crowns from unstructured raw data space requires an accurate tree delineation algorithm. This thesis develops a schematic way to resolve these technical issues using the-state-of-the-art computer vision algorithms. A variational method, called NGF-Curv, was developed to co-align hyperspectral imagery, LiDAR and aerial photographs. NGF-Curv algorithm can deal with very complex topographic and lens distortions efficiently, thus improving the accuracy of co-alignment compared to established image registration methods for airborne data. A graph cut method, named MCNCP-RNC was developed to reconstruct individual tree crowns from fully integrated multi-sensor imagery. MCNCP-RNC is not influenced by interpolation artefacts because it detects trees in 3D, and it detects individual tree crowns using both hyperspectral imagery and LiDAR. Based on these algorithms, we developed a new workflow to detect species at pixel and ITC levels in a temperate deciduous forest in the UK. In addition, we modified the workflow to monitor physiological responses of two oak species with respect to environmental gradients in a Mediterranean woodland in Spain. The results show that our scheme can detect individual tree crowns, find species and monitor physiological responses of canopy leaves.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T19:20:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Claudio Santana Pimentel.pdf: 950942 bytes, checksum: 1da1cb57d4e2531dd91f29becd17a668 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-10-08 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This dissertation analysis the theatrical works of Ariano Suassuna; focusing reinterpretations and re-significations from the popular religious imagery, to understand how religious representations allow the development of identity and meaning forms. For both, we based in an interdisciplinary analytical instrument own researches on Religious Studies. Initially, we investigated the author's assumptions about the relationship between art and religion, then to discuss his conception of the world and humanity. These ideas form the basis on which the author develops his religious vision. Considering this, we discussed the importance of the categories of tragedy and comedy to the development of religious themes by Suassuna. We conclude that the redefinition of religious elements in the theatrical works of Suassuna explains the continuing efforts of humans to develop a meaning for life, from a dialogue between local and universal. We also believe that such representations provide elements for better understanding of the Brazilian religious imagery, even in this urban context / Esta dissertação analisa a obra teatral de Ariano Suassuna, enfocando as reinterpretações e ressignificações do imaginário religioso popular nordestino para compreender como as representações religiosas permitem a elaboração de formas de identidade e significação do mundo. Para tanto, fundamentamo-nos em um instrumental analítico interdisciplinar, próprio da pesquisa em Ciências da Religião. Inicialmente, investigamos os pressupostos do autor sobre a relação entre arte e religião, para em seguida discutirmos sua concepção do mundo e da humanidade. Essas idéias constituem a base sobre a qual o autor desenvolve sua visão religiosa. Considerando isto, discutimos a importância das categorias de tragédia e comédia para o desenvolvimento da temática religiosa por Suassuna. Dessa maneira, reunimos os subsídios necessários para a análise da representação das personagens religiosas encontradas no teatro suassuniano. Concluímos que a ressignificação de elementos religiosos na obra dramática de Suassuna explicita a tentativa permanente do ser humano de elaborar uma significação para a vida, a partir de um diálogo entre o local e o universal. Consideramos também que essas representações oferecem elementos que permitem melhor compreender o imaginário religioso brasileiro, inclusive no presente contexto urbano

L'objet de notre recherche est de clarifier les thèmes du réenchantement, de la théâtralisation et de l'expérience dans la distribution : ils correspondent à une réalité managériale diversifiée et répondent à l’impératif économique de se différencier dans un univers de plus en plus concurrentiel. Une étude menée auprès de professionnels de la distribution et de consommateurs de deux enseignes du secteur du jouet présentant des positionnements différents (expérientiel versus fonctionnel) nous permet de définir le concept de mise en scène d'un point de vente : création globale qui s'articuleautour des constituants suivants : décor ,scénario, acteurs, action, rebondissements et coup de théâtre. Cette vision holiste englobe la diversité des pratiques et dépasse l'équation théâtralisation = décor. Nous avons également établi que le consommateur vit une expérience spécifique lors de sa confrontation avec la mise en scène du point de vente. L'apport principal de cette thèse est de proposer le concept d’expérience de visite qui décrit l’interaction entre le consommateur et la mise en scène du point de vente. L’échelle de mesure développée comprend 5 dimensions : exploration, convivialité, exception, surprise et enchantement. Le prisme de l’expérience de visite représente graphiquement les scores atteints dans les 5 dimensions par une enseigne. Il permet ainsi de déterminer son degré de réenchantement et de procéder à des comparaisons avec ses concurrents. Nous avons eu recours au concept d'imagerie mentale, fondamentale dans la perspective expérientielle parmi les modalités sensorielles qui agissent dans la réception de l’expérience par le consommateur ; ce dernier interprétant la mise en scène grâce à la production d'images mentales. Une étude quantitative menée auprès des consommateurs des deux enseignes confirme :- qu'il existe des différences significatives entre enseignes pour chacune des dimensions de l’expérience ainsi que dans les caractéristiques des images mentales produites par le consommateur : nombre d’images, d’images congruentes suscitées par des techniques projectives, caractère agréable ;- que chacune des dimensions de l’expérience influence ces caractéristiques des images mentales ;- que chacune des dimensions de l’expérience influence le comportement d’achat : nombre d’articles achetés et nombre d’articles achetés non programmés.En effet, conscients de l’importance du critère de rentabilité des entreprises de distribution, nous avons mesuré l’impact de la production d’expérience sur le comportement d’achat. Le recueil des données dans les rayons s'est avéré d'une grande richesse et confirme la faisabilité technique pour les distributeurs de tester leur mise en scène in situ.Nos résultats montrent que l’expérience de visite est favorisée par la mise en scène du point de vente et exerce une influence sur le comportement d’achat. La mise en scène s’avère un levier stratégique que le distributeur doit s'appliquer à maîtriser et à rentabiliser afin d'améliorer ses résultats globaux. / The purpose of our research is to clarify the themes of reenchantment, dramatization and experience in retailing. They correspond to a diversified managerial reality and reveal the economic necessity to differentiate from competitors in ever increasing number. We have interviewed retailing specialists and consumers of two Toy retailers who have adopted opposite positioning : experiential versus functional. We have specified the French concept of dramatization : it is a global creation combining decor, scenario, actors, action, developments and coup de théâtre. This holistic view enables to include the variety of practices and to go beyond the equation dramatization = decor. We have highlighted that the consumer has a specific experience during the confrontation with the store dramatization. The main contribution of this design is to propose a new concept : the experience of visit, which describes the interaction between the consumer and the store dramatization. We have conceived a scale of measurement including five dimensions : exploration, conviviality,exception, surprise and enchantment. A prism shows graphically the scores reached by each of the five dimensions : for a retailer, it enables to measure his reenchantment level and to make comparison with competitors. The concept of mental imagery has been of great benefit for us. It is fundamental in the experiential perspective : among the sensorial modalities that act in the reception of experience, the consumer interprets the dramatization by the means of mental imagery.A quantitative study with consumers confirms that :- there exist significant differences between retailers for each dimension of the experience of visit, and for the characteristics of mental images produced by the consumer : number, number of congruent images and pleasantness ;- each dimension of the experience of visit has an influence on these characteristics of mental images ;- each dimension of the experience of visit has an influence on purchasing behavior : number ofpurchases and non planned purchases.Conscious that the return on investment is a main criterion for the managers, we have indeed measured the impact of experience production on purchasing behavior. Gathering the data in the store has revealed great interest and gives considerable support to the technical feasibility to test the store dramatization in situ. The results indicate that the experience of visit is favored by the store dramatization and has an influence on purchasing behavior. Managers should consider dramatization as a strategic means and try to control it and make it profitable.

Dans la plupart des environnements de vente, le consommateur peut facilement manipuler les produits et ainsi vivre des expériences tactiles. Cependant, cette liberté de toucher les produits n’est pas sans conséquences. En effet, si le consommateur aime toucher les produits, il est réticent à ce le produit qu’il touche ait été manipulé au préalable par d’autres personnes. Ce paradoxe est un enjeu pour les praticiens. Comment permettre aux clients de toucher les produits tout en garantissant qu’ils soient dépourvus de contacts antérieurs avec autrui ? Cette thèse s’intéresse au phénomène de contamination perçue des produits. Elle a pour objectif de mettre en évidence les variables agissant sur la contamination perçue et sur les réponses à l’égard des produits perçus comme contaminés. Une étude première qualitative explore la vision que les consommateurs ont de la contamination perçue des produits ; une seconde étude qualitative s’intéresse au point de vue des manageurs. Cette phase qualitative sert de base au développement d’une échelle de contamination perçue. Puis, trois collectes de données quantitatives sont menées afin de comparer l’impact de deux facteurs de contamination. Les résultats montrent que le consommateur est plus sensible lorsqu’un produit présente un résidu suggérant qu’il a été touché que lorsqu’il voit un contaminateur manipuler ce produit. Ils mettent également en évidence que l’imagerie mentale est un mécanisme sous-jacent explicatif de la contamination perçue mais que le besoin de toucher n’a pas d’effet sur le phénomène. / In most retail environments the customer is able to handle products, feel their weight and try them, in other words the customer has a tactile experience. However, this freedom to touch products has a downside. Indeed, even if the consumer likes to touch products, he refuses the same product if it has been handled by other customers. This ambivalence concerning touch is a major problem for managers in retail outlets. How is it possible to allow consumers to touch products while guaranteeing that they are devoid of previous contact with others? This dissertation focuses on the concept of product contamination. It aims to understand the variables that reflect the impact of perceived contamination on consumer responses. A first qualitative study examines the vision of consumers on product contamination. A second qualitative study focuses on managers’ point of view. These studies are then used as a basis for the development of a perceived contamination scale. Lastly, three quantitative studies compare the impact of two contamination’s cues. The results suggest that the consumer is more sensitive when a product contains a cue that it has been touched, as compared to their reaction to seeing someone touch a product. These findings show that mental imagery is an underlying mechanism contrary to need for touch.

Les microscopes en champ proche micro-ondes sont des outils émergents pour la caractérisation des matériaux. Dans ce travail, une sonde de champ proche a été conçue, décrite et analysée en termes de performance et de résolution. Cette sonde a été associée à deux microscopes en champ proche micro-ondes. Le premier microscope est basé sur de la réflectométrie en intensité et a permis d'évaluer la qualité et la résolution latérale de la sonde. Cette résolution peut atteindre une dimension sub-longueur d'onde ouvrant la voie pour une caractérisation locale des matériaux. La seconde expérience présente la conception d'un banc de caractérisation des matériaux. Ce système met en œuvre un mélangeur I/Q afin d'extraire l'information en intensité et en phase de l'interaction en champ proche. Enfin, la dernière expérience concerne l'injection électromagnétique en champ proche d'un signal hors-bande sur un module de communication. L'ensemble des résultats montrent que l'expérience d'injection en champ proche a le potentiel pour devenir un outil de métrologie important pour l'étude de la susceptibilité. / Microwave near-field microscopes are emerging tools for material characterization. In this work, a near-field probe was designed, described and analyzed in terms of performance and resolution. This probe has been associated with two microscopes in the near microwave field. The first microscope is based on intensity reflectometry and evaluated the quality and lateral resolution of the probe. This resolution can reach a subwavelength dimension, opening the way to local characterization of materials. The second experiment presents the design of a materials characterization bench. This system uses an I/Q mixer to extract information in intensity and phase of near-field interaction. Finally, the last experiment concerns electromagnetic injection in the near field of an out-of-band signal on a communication module. The overall results show that the near-field injection experiment has the potential to become an important metrology tool for susceptibility studies.

A presente pesquisa analisou a acurácia posicional horizontal das bases do Bing Maps, Google Maps e da World Imagery da Esri quando utilizadas como referência espacial on-line em um Sistema de Informação Geográfica no Município de São Paulo (MSP). A metodologia adotada foi a baseada no Decreto Federal no 89.817/84 e na Análise Estatística proposta por Merchant (1982). A análise da acurácia foi desenvolvida a partir das diferenças entre as coordenadas de 240 pontos nas cartas 1:1.000 do Mapa Digital da Cidade de São Paulo (MDC) em relação às coordenadas homólogas nas três bases, considerando separadamente as coordenadas do eixo Norte e Este. A base do Google Maps para o MSP foi dividida em duas (mosaico de ortofotos na área central e mosaico de imagens de satélite nas regiões periféricas), devido à grande diferença de acurácia entre os dois produtos. Para classificar cada base a partir do Decreto 89.817 foi definida a escala na qual somente 10% das discrepâncias tivessem seu valor superior ao PEC, e a escala na qual o Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) da amostra das discrepâncias fosse igual a 60,8% do PEC. A escala final selecionada foi a menor (menos detalhada) entre as definidas em cada um dos processos. A Análise Estatística foi baseada nos testes de tendência e precisão. Como as três bases apresentaram tendência, a escala definida pelo teste de precisão não foi considerada no cômputo final das escalas, devido à dificuldade de se eliminar a tendência nessas bases quando utilizadas no SIG. As escalas finais obtidas, relativas à classe A, foram: Google Maps (imagens de satélite): 1:12.400; Google Maps (ortofotos): 1:3.588; Bing Maps: 1:10.881 e Word Imagery da ESRI: 1:8.420. Concluiu-se que os três produtos com escalas próximas a 1:10.000 apresentam acurácia para serem utilizados como bases em SIGs nos estudos para planejamento urbano e que o Google Maps (ortofotos, com escala próxima a 1:4.000) pode ser igualmente utilizada para planejamento, mas em função de sua acurácia maior, pode servir também para a gestão de serviços urbanos. A principal limitação encontrada para as bases no uso como referência espacial em SIGs foi a inclinação das feições distantes do nadir da imagem ou da ortofoto e o consequente recobrimento de áreas adjacentes a essas feições. Entretanto, essa limitação se mostrou quase desprezível para as escalas definidas para as bases na análise da acurácia. / This research has analyzed the horizontal positional accuracy of basemaps Bing Maps, Google Maps and ESRIs World Imagery when used as an online spatial reference within a Geographic Information System for the municipality of São Paulo. The methodology was based on criteria defined by Brazil Federal Decree 89817/84 and in the analysis proposed by Merchant (1982). The accuracy analysis was developed observing the discrepancies between coordinates of selected 240 points from the 1:1000 digital map of São Paulo compared to corresponding points in the three basemaps, (coordinate directions North and East were considered separately). The Google Maps basemap for the city of São Paulo was divided in two (ortophoto mosaic for the central area and satellite images mosaic in the remainder peripheral areas), due to the considerable differences in their accuracy patterns. In order to classify each basemap as per Federal Decree 89.817, we have defined a scale in which only 10% of discrepancies were above the LMAS90 and the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of the discrepancies sample was equal to 60,8% of LMAS90. The final selected scale was the smallest (less detailed) of those obtained in each of the processes. The statistical analysis was based on the test of bias error and by a test of precision. Because the three basemaps have presented biases, the final scales defined by the precision test were not considered in the results, for it is difficult to eliminate biases in these basemaps when used in a GIS. We have obtained the following final scales to class A of the Brazilian Decree: Google Maps (area covered by satellite images): 1:12.400; Google Maps (area covered by ortophotos): 1:3.588; Bing Maps: 1:10.881 and ESRIs Word Imagery: 1:8.420. In conclusion, (a) the three products with scales around a 1:10.000 present accuracy to be used as basemap in GIS for urban planning studies and (b) Google Maps (area covered by ortophotos, scale around 1:4.000) can be equally used for planning studies, as well as urban services manager, due to its greater accuracy. The key limitations for the use of such basemaps as spatial references in GIS was the inclination of features which are distant from the image or ortophoto nadir (off-nadir effects) and the consequent shadowing of adjoining areas. However, this limitation is almost irrelevant to the scales defined for the basemaps in the accuracy analysis.

A obtenção de informações com qualidade sobre o nosso planeta vêm se tornando uma exigência cada vez maior. Tais informações devem apresentar um padrão mínimo de qualidade de acordo com as normas técnicas nacionais para que possam ser usadas para fins de: engenharia, cartografia, geoprocessamento e outros. Este trabalho traz subsídios para que os profissionais possam ter confiança na altimetria automática de sistemas fotogramétricos. Para isso, se realizou os modelos numéricos do terreno (MNTs) com pontos gerados automaticamente pelo sistema fotogramétrico digital SOCET SET, comparado com os dados levantados no campo com o uso do sistema GPS (Global Positioning System - Sistema de Posicionamento Global) em tempo real. Essa comparação foi realizada por método estatístico interno ao sistema fotogramétrico SOCET SET e o erro padrão obtido ficou na ordem de 26 cm. A partir desse resultado, gerou-se como produto final uma ortofoto da região em estudo. A utilização da ortofoto deve-se às características de imagens exclusivas deste tipo de produto que equivale a um mapa de linha e permite ver exatamente o objeto-imagem e não símbolos representativos. / Obtaining information with quality about our planet is becoming each time more necessary. These information must have at least the smallest standard quality according to the Brazilian rules about maps to that can be used in: engineering, cartography, data processing and others. This report deal with data to help profissionals giving them confidence in the automatic geometric height of pothogrammetrics systems. Therefore numeric terrain modeling were done with ponts generated automaticly by digital pothogrammetric system SOCET SET and compared with data collected in the field with the use of a GPS system (Global Positioning System) in real time. This comparison was realized by statistician method at SOCET SET pothogrammetric system and the standard error obtained stayed in twenty-six centimeters. As a result, the use of orthophoto, is due to its characteristics of exclusive image of this type of product what means a line map and allow to see exactly the image of the object and not representative symbols.

Over the past few decades, remote sensing has emerged as a powerful tool for studying active faulting in continental regions. However, the commonly used remote sensing techniques, including radar interferometry, visual inspection of imagery, and image matching, cannot measure three-dimensional (3D) surface displacements in earthquakes, limiting our ability to investigate faulting. The improvement of very high-resolution (VHR) optical imaging systems (stereo in particular) in recent years has made it possible for earth scientists to measure 3D surface deformation remotely. In this thesis, I contribute to assessing the capability of VHR optical imagery, by determining earthquake deformation from four different types of earthquakes (different in sense of slip and date of the event). In the case of the 2010 M_w 7.2 El Mayor-Cucapah, Mexico earthquake, I show that digital elevation models (DEMs) derived from Pleiades stereo imagery are comparable to light detection and ranging (LiDAR) surveys, and differencing pre- and post-earthquake DEMs can measure 3D displacements, which will be very useful for studying future earthquakes. For the 2013 M_w 7.7 Balochistan, Pakistan earthquake, I determine the vertical motion from a post-earthquake Pleiades DEM and find constant fault kinematics throughout the Late Quaternary. This study has resolved a current controversy of the Balochistan earthquake, in which it has been argued that kinematics of the Hoshab fault switches between strike-slip and dip-slip. Applying historical aerial, KH-9 Hexagon spy satellite, SPOT-2 and modern SPOT-6 images to the 1978 M_w 7.3 Tabas-e-Golshan earthquake, I measure the coseismic and postseismic displacements, and show that the Tabas fold system in eastern Iran may exhibit characteristic slip behaviour. Combining Pleiades imagery, fieldwork and geological dating techniques, I determine slip in the 1556 Huaxian earthquake in China and the recurrence interval for similar events. These examples demonstrate the usefulness of high-resolution optical imagery in investigating past and present earthquakes.

L’objectif de ce travail de thèse était d’évaluer les bénéfices thérapeutiques d’un entraînement par imagerie motrice chez les patients ayant subi une prothèse totale de genou unilatérale. Combiner l’imagerie motrice avec la physiothérapie classique a permis de diminuer la douleur et d’augmenter la force du quadriceps durant la phase aiguë, au 1er mois postopératoire. Durant la phase chronique, au 6ème mois postopératoire, l’imagerie motrice permettrait de corriger l’asymétrie de la marche, d’une part en augmentant la force du quadriceps ipsilatéral et, par conséquent, en accentuant la charge sur le genou opéré, et d’autre part en augmentant la flexion maximale du genou durant la phase oscillante. L’imagerie motrice pourrait également aider les personnes âgées après la prothèse totale du genou à monter les escaliers plus rapidement, en toute sécurité. Cela peut atténuer le risque de chute dans les escaliers et, par conséquent, diminuer la fréquence des blessures graves. En conclusion, intégrer l’imagerie motrice dans les programmes de rééducation après prothèse totale du genou primaire unilatérale est pertinent et prometteur / The primary aim of the present work was to determine the therapeutic benefits of a specific motor imagery training. Combining motor imagery with classical physical therapy was found to be effective in reducing pain and increasing quadriceps strength after total knee arthroplasty during the acute phase at the first month postoperatively. During the chronic phase, at the 6th month postoperatively, motor imagery might contribute to correct the asymmetry of gait by increasing the strength of the ipsilateral quadriceps and, consequently accentuating the weight loading on the operated knee, as well as by improving knee proprioception through an increase in the maximum knee flexion during the swing phase. MI might also help elderly people after total knee arthroplasty to climb stairs more quickly, easily, and safely. This could attenuate the risk of falls on stairs, and consequently decrease the frequency of major injuries. In summary, the integration of motor imagery in clinical rehabilitation programs after primary unilateral total knee arthroplasty is relevant and promising