abstract: On May 12, 2009, hundreds of Immigration Customs and Enforcement (ICE) raided Agriprocessors, a meat packing plant in the sleepy town of Postville, Iowa, and arrested 389 workers. These workers, primarily Spanish speaking immigrants from Guatemala and Mexico, were charged with felony aggravated identity theft. This criminalization of immigration is a critical point in immigration policy in the United States, representing a ritual performance of the exclusion of immigrants from American society. In stark juxtaposition to the raid itself, the community of Postville was working to welcome the very immigrants that were targeted by ICE. In attempts at inclusion, Postville had created an adult soccer league that provided a sense of community and identity for immigrants. Using the classic anthropological method of ethnography, this research draws on extensive time immersed in the community of Postville to conduct a qualitative case study of the day-to-day meanings of immigration in the United States. This dissertation examines the adult soccer league and the ICE raid as examples of cultural performances of inclusion and exclusion by using anthropological concepts of nation, sport, and performance. Performance is used to mark national identity in both instances--a shifting, hybrid `transnational' identity in the case of the immigrants playing in the soccer league--and a clearly delineated `American' identity in the case of the ICE raid. Moreover, national identity is tied to other aspects of identity, such as gender. As the performances create national `imagined communities,' they also gender their participants and nations themselves. Ultimately this reveals the way that immigration itself is gendered, and the way in which American immigration policy is designed to promote an American national identity. These efforts are not only to the detriment of immigrants in the United States as laborers but also to the communities with jobs that draw these workers. The case study of Postville provides a lens to examine the meanings of immigration policy from the ground up and in the lives of those it impacts most--immigrants and the communities in which they reside. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. Anthropology 2010

Chan, Sheung Tat. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 61-63). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 2 --- Literature review --- p.5 / Chapter 3 --- The model --- p.14 / Chapter 3.1 --- The maximization problem --- p.14 / Chapter 3.2 --- Steady state and balanced growth path --- p.19 / Chapter 4 --- The analysis of the migration patterns and growth --- p.25 / Chapter 4.1 --- Case when education efficiency is proportional to the technological effi- ciency --- p.29 / Chapter 4.2 --- Case when foreign country has sufficiently large comparative advantage in technology --- p.34 / Chapter 4.3 --- Case when bilateral migration occurs --- p.40 / Chapter 5 --- Effect of the exogenous factors --- p.43 / Chapter 6 --- Conclusion --- p.49 / Chapter A --- Appendix: solving the endogenous growth model --- p.52 / Chapter A.l --- Solving the endogenous growth model in general form --- p.52 / Chapter A.2 --- Decision of the agents in the model --- p.54 / Chapter A.3 --- Properties of the general form --- p.55 / Chapter B --- Appendix: the steady state and balanced growth path --- p.57 / List of Tables / Chapter 1 --- Pattern of migration --- p.64 / Chapter 2 --- "The initial parameters for the first, second and third simulations" --- p.65 / Chapter 3 --- Comparative statics for proposition 12 --- p.65 / Chapter 4 --- Comparative statics for proposition 13 --- p.66 / List of Figures / Chapter 1 --- Four migration patterns --- p.64 / Chapter 2 --- Variables in the simulations --- p.66 / Chapter 3 --- The home country in first simulation --- p.67 / Chapter 4 --- The foreign country in first simulation --- p.68 / Chapter 5 --- The growth analysis in first simulation --- p.69 / Chapter 6 --- The home country in second simulation --- p.70 / Chapter 7 --- The foreign country in second simulation --- p.71 / Chapter 8 --- The growth analysis in second simulation --- p.72 / Chapter 9 --- The home country in third simulation --- p.73 / Chapter 10 --- The foreign country in third simulation --- p.74 / Chapter 11 --- The growth analysis in third simulation --- p.75

This dissertation investigates race as a determinant of health trajectories for immigrants to the United States. Previous research suggests that integration into U.S. society can be detrimental to the health and mortality outcomes of many minority immigrant groups. Popular explanations for post-migration health changes have focused on individual-level mechanisms, such as behavioral changes associated with acculturation. I use multiple sources of data and a variety of quantitative methods to situate these changes in a context of racial inequality for three migrant groups. In my first case, I draw on historical data collected from the Vital Statistics of the United States and the U.S. Census to analyze the changing health trajectories associated with European immigrants’ transition from marginalized minorities to members of the white majority in the early 20th century. My second case draws on restricted-use data from the National Survey of American Life to test how interpersonal and institutionalized racial discrimination influence health patterns of black immigrants from the Caribbean. In my third case, I use population-level birth data from New York City (2000-2010) to investigate changes in birth outcomes associated with elevated anti-Muslim sentiment after the attacks of September 11, 2001. Taken together, these cases demonstrate how racial formation in the United States shapes patterns of post-migration outcomes. I find that marginalized European immigrants exhibited patterns of worsening mortality trajectories, but the overall gap between European immigrants and native-born whites narrowed as racial categories were redefined in the early 20th century. This pattern of intergenerational health improvement contrasts with the segmented trajectories of contemporary Caribbean black immigrants, whose health is shaped by experiences of both interpersonal and institutionalized racism. Similarly, rates of low birth weight births increased for Middle Eastern and Asian Indian immigrants in the decade after the attacks of September 11, 2001, likely due to increased experiences of discrimination. By tying health trajectories and outcome disparities to the construction and stratification of racial boundaries, I advance theory about the "upstream" social causes of health and illness and develop a framework for analyzing the sociohistorical formation of health disparities.

Boston University. University Professors Program Senior theses. / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / 2031-01-02

Boston University. University Professors Program Senior theses. / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / 2031-01-02

182f. / Submitted by Oliveira Santos Dilzaná (dilznana@yahoo.com.br) on 2013-08-29T19:06:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação de Mestrado Evandro Rabello.pdf: 6110297 bytes, checksum: f79ae1acf7bf03fa641dbc7e387f6478 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Portela(anapoli@ufba.br) on 2013-09-02T17:05:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação de Mestrado Evandro Rabello.pdf: 6110297 bytes, checksum: f79ae1acf7bf03fa641dbc7e387f6478 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-02T17:05:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação de Mestrado Evandro Rabello.pdf: 6110297 bytes, checksum: f79ae1acf7bf03fa641dbc7e387f6478 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / O fenômeno da imigração alemã no estado da Bahia tem sido pouco investigado no âmbito acadêmico, a despeito da existência de registros diversos sobre este tema. No cenário nacional de desenvolvimento de pesquisas sobre a imigração, sobretudo a européia, a Bahia usualmente merece poucas e breves menções, especialmente em se tratando de imigrantes de etnia alemã. Este trabalho pretende, pois, somar-se à literatura já existente, contudo lançando luz sobre, mais especificamente, a denominada colônia alemã de Salvador, estabelecida nesta cidade desde as primeiras décadas do século XIX. A colônia é apresentada aqui sob as perspectivas histórica e etnográfica com o intuito de permitir compreender suas peculiaridades e inserção na cidade de Salvador. Os aspectos próprios da trajetória desta colônia, desde a sua organização, até a atualidade, são descritos neste trabalho, assim como as formas de manutenção dos hábitos, costumes e persistências culturais, caracterizando a manifestação da etnicidade deste grupo em si mesmo e em suas relações com a sociedade envolvente. The phenomenon of the German immigration in the state of Bahia has been little investigated in the academy, despite the existence of various records on this topic. On the national scene for the development of research on immigration, especially the European, Bahia usually deserves few and short terms, especially in the case of the ethnic German immigrants. This paper aims, therefore, add to the existing literature, however shed light on, more specifically, the here so-called Salvador German colony, established in this city since the first decades of the nineteenth century. The colony is presented here under the historical and ethnographic perspectives in order to understand its peculiarities and allow insertion in the city of Salvador. The aspects of the history of this colony, from its organization until the present, are described in this work, as well as ways of maintaining the habits, customs and cultural persistence, characterizing the expression of ethnicity in this group in itself and in its relations with their environment. / Salvador

En période de ralentissement économique, les craintes d'un effet négatif de l'immigration sur les pays d'accueil resurgissent et les politiques migratoires se durcissent dans les pays développés, et notamment dans les pays européens. La justification des politiques restrictives en termes d'immigration s'appuie généralement sur l'idée d'un impact négatif de l'immigration pour l'économie du pays de destination. Est-ce que l'immigration a véritablement des conséquences économiques négatives sur la croissance économique et le marché du travail des pays développés ? Pour répondre à cette question, nous montrons tout d'abord que l'ampleur des flux migratoires est, notamment, dictée par les fluctuations économiques. Lorsque le pays s'inscrit dans une phase de croissance économique, le recours à l'immigration s'intensifie pour répondre aux besoins de main d'oeuvre de l'économie du pays d'accueil. A l'inverse, en période de conjoncture morose, les flux migratoires ont tendance à diminuer puisque l'offre et la demande sur le marché du travail se rigidifie, en raison de la montée du chômage et de la baisse de la demande globale. Ensuite, une revue de littérature théorique et empirique met l'accent sur certaines études qui visent à analyser les conséquences économiques de l'immigration sur la croissance économique, le chômage et les salaires dans le pays d'accueil. On en déduit que les hypothèses sous-jacentes aux analyses théoriques ont de véritables incidences sur les conclusions des modèles théoriques. En outre, la plupart des modèles théoriques ne prennent pas en compte l'aspect demande de travail, qui est pourtant un facteur primordial pour apprécier l'incidence de l'immigration. Nous montrons que le recours à un modèle d'équilibre général simultané permet de prendre en considération l'effet direct de l'offre de travail et l'effet de la demande de travail, afin d'étudier les interactions entre l'immigration, le marché du travail et l'économie du pays d'accueil. La revue de littérature empirique, qui présente synthétiquement les principales méthodologies de recherches et les résultats des travaux empiriques, montre que les études empiriques permettent d'obtenir des conclusions quant à l'impact de l'immigration. Quels que soient le pays, la période, la méthodologie et les données considérés, les conséquences économiques de l'immigration sont très limités. Enfin, nous proposons trois études empiriques pour examiner l'impact de l'immigration dans les pays développés et notamment en France. Elles sont menées dans des cadres d'analyse désagrégé et agrégé, avec une vision microéconomique et macroéconomique, à partir de données transversales, temporelles et de panel. La première analyse a permis d'examiner les interactions entre les travailleurs immigrés et natifs, en fonction du niveau de qualification, en mesurant le degré de substituabilité-complémentarité entre les travailleurs. Les estimations des fonctions de production translogarithmique multifactorielle, à cinq variables et à sept variables, pour le marché du travail français, ont abouti à des conclusions relativement similaires. L'estimation des élasticités de complémentarité et l'évaluation de l'impact de l'immigration sur l'emploi et les salaires des autochtones avec la prise en compte de rigidités sur le marché du travail montrent que les conséquences sur les salaires et l'emploi sont très limitées. Les deux autres études sont basées sur les tests de cointégration et les tests de causalité. Ces analyses empiriques, qui s'appuient sur un cadre théorique d'équilibre général simultané, examinent la relation entre l'immigration, le chômage, les salaires et la croissance économique dans les pays d?accueil, à long terme et à court terme. La première étude est menée à partir de séries temporelles pour plusieurs pays de l?OCDE et la deuxième étude estime une relation de cointégration et un modèle vectoriel à correction d?erreur à partir de données de panel. On conclut que les variations de l'immigration ont une incidence négative sur le taux de chômage à long terme (baisse du chômage) et une incidence positive à court terme (hausse du chômage). / Unavailable

Advancements in communication and transportation have facilitated migration processes and extended the possibility of migration to many people who couldn’t afford it in the past. This movement of people from one place to another and the attached flow of human capital are potentially the most potent political and economic forces that are changing the world by promising worldwide opportunities and challenges in the century ahead. Immigration and immigrants are altering the sociocultural and economic fabric of societies across the globe, affecting the majority/minority balance and inducing profound changes in host countries. Moreover, these changes are causing friction between immigrant ethnic groups and local populations. Manifestations of these frictions may present themselves in the form of ethnic discrimination against immigrants by the dominant group in the host society. Based on an extensive literature review, a model was developed to investigate the effects of immigrant-perceived ethnic discrimination on the relationship with national brands. A multi-group structural equation modeling approach is used to test this proposed model and its hypotheses. Study findings suggest that immigrant perceived ethnic discrimination does have an effect on the immigrants’ (dis)identification with national brands and ultimately their decision to purchase national brands. This relationship is mediated by immigrants’ (dis)identification with national consumers. Moreover, findings corroborate the notion that the more perceived difference in the desired acculturation orientations between immigrants and their host society influences immigrants’ perception of ethnic discrimination. From an academic standpoint, this study contributes to two under-researched areas in the marketing literature: (1) Immigrant consumers, and (2) Effects of ethnic discrimination on consumer behavior. This study contributes to better understanding of these two areas through incorporating novel conceptualizations of acculturation orientations discordance, perceived ethnic discrimination and stereotyping into a multigroup analysis to study the effects of these phenomena on the immigrant consumer’s relationship with national brands. From a marketing practice standpoint, in an era of increased cultural pluralism and anti-immigration climate, this study informs marketers of influences on immigrant market behaviors and their relations with national brands.

xiv, 354 p. : ill. A print copy of this title is available from the UO Libraries, under the call number: KNIGHT JV8222 .F75 2007 / In both Sweden and the United States immigration has increased, and public concern over immigration, integration, and social citizenship has become heightened. Across affluent Western countries, immigration and integration concerns have been molded into a consensus on the need to instill discipline, but conflict has emerged through public discussions of where discipline is to be applied. Analyzing media content and public documents, I find that in Sweden and in Europe more broadly, as in the United States, some disciplinary political narratives suggest that immigrants themselves are deviant and should be targeted for exclusion from the social rights of citizenship; other narratives hold that immigrants can best be incorporated by using the state to facilitate the expansion of the secondary labor market. It is popularly claimed that the expansion of secondary labor markets promotes economic inclusion, which is held to be the foundation for integration. While this has proven an effective wedge among voters, I probe the validity of this neoliberal claim by reviewing the integration of previous labor immigrants in Sweden through industrial-sector jobs, and by examining immigrant economic inclusion and social citizenship in the U.S. I use comparative data on inequality and immigration within the United States and across Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries to assess trends in relationships driving social citizenship politics. In interviews with policy makers and integration officials and reviewing the labor union confederation literature in Sweden, I find satisfaction with the operation of the Swedish social democratic division of labor in immigrant policy-setting and integration; as well I find on the national level a lack of concern with the wider, politically-transformative implications of prominent social citizenship politics. This allows me to demonstrate how state actors and even labor institutions can be steered into facilitating neoliberal wedge politics and reforms that undermine social citizenship in favor of concentrated accumulation. / Adviser: Linda Fuller

This dissertation addresses the central question- How are parenting methodologies across the sending and receiving nations shaped by larger macro forces embedded in economy and labor market forces? In order to answer this key question this project analyzes interviews with 59 middle-class mothers in Edison, New Jersey and Kolkata, India. This project contributes to the larger scope of immigration and transnational studies while placing them at the cross section of globalization of economy, labor market and education. The first chapter examines extensively the schooling systems in Edison and Kolkata and the ways it shapes parenting methods in these two locations. The key argument in this chapter focuses on the influence of the education system upon mothers in Edison and Kolkata and the ways they maneuver the schools. In the subsequent chapters I compare and contrast between support groups and community networks that help mothers in Edison and Kolkata navigate everyday child rearing challenges. The central puzzle that these chapters solve is: why immigrant mothers in an individualistic society resort to community and on the contrary mothers in Kolkata that belong to a more traditional society resort to commercial parenting schools instead of extended family to support everyday child rearing? The primary reason is embedded in the globalization of the labor market and economy. The immigrant mothers in Edison, who immigrated to the US as spouses of elite professionals in a globalized economy were confronted with the challenges of parenting in a foreign country. They resorted to community support to help them negotiate everyday parenting challenges. On the other hand in Kolkata the rapid changes in the field of employment an education had forced mothers to resort to commercial agencies for parenting support. Finally the dissertation concludes by returning to the central research questions and briefly states the central findings along with raising avenues for future research.