Although considerable research has addressed effects of elevated ultraviolet-B (UV-8) radiation on vegetative plant structures and processes, the reproductive biology and patterns of inheritance of UV-B tolerance have received much less attention. I examined the effects of UV-B radiation on pollen of 34 taxa. I also addressed questions concerning the patterns of inheritance of UV-B tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana and examined potential cumulative carryover effects of UV-B exposure through multiple generations of this species. In the first study, a significant reduction in pollen germination occurred in only five species, but pollen tube growth in more than half of the species exhibited significant reductions . Proportionate to their numbers in this survey of 34 taxa: Monocotyledonous species were more sensitive to UV-8 than the dicotyledonous species, wild species were more sensitive than cultivated species, and pollen from plants growing in the field was somewhat more sensitive than pollen from plants grown in the greenhouse. The results also suggested a possible adaptation to UV-8 radiation during the course of the season. The second study probed patterns of inheritance of UV-8 tolerance. General combining ability and specific combining ability were both significant for several traits in Arabidopsis. This suggests that plant breeders may develop UV-8 tolerant strains of plant species both in the form of pure lines and hybrids. In the third experiment, I found that a significant carryover effect of UV-B exposure through multiple generations Arabidopsis thaliana was evident in a subsequent generation, in either the presence or absence of UV-B, once differences in the reactions of different ecotypes were taken into account. However, instead of an expected accumulation of UV-B effect as a greater number of generations were exposed to the radiation, there was an apparent reversion of the cumulative, carryover effect. This was evident in that plants exposed to seven generations of UV-B exhibited much less carryover effect than did plants exposed for only three generations.

Devolution of the decedent's estate to an heir The thesis deals with the current legal regulation of the devolution of the decedent's estate to an heir. It is divided into six parts, which are further divided into chapters and subchapters. In the first part, the thesis deals with the issue of the acquisition of inheritance, in particular the principle of universal succession, the prerequisites for the acquisition of inheritance and disputes over succession right. The second part deals with the reservation as to estate inventory, its purpose and scope, as well as its order and replacement and its payment. The third part deals with the administration of the decedent`s estate, its purpose and scope. It also deals with the persons who administer the decedent`s estate and their rights and obligations. The fourth part of this thesis is devoted to the closure of the decedent`s estate, its purpose and the prerequisites for the closure of the decedent`s estate. Furthermore, the thesis continues with an analysis of the legal regulation of the confirmation and division of the decedent`s estate. In this part, the thesis examines the prerequisites for the confirmation of the acquisition of inheritance, but in particular to the different ways of division of the estate. The last (sixth) part dealing with debts...

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[pt] Esta tese aborda a temática do direito da mulher à herança, através da análise exegética, social e teológica de Nm 27,1-11 e 36,1-12. A produção exegética recente tem envidado esforços na realização de análises literárias, formais e culturais numa perspectiva diacrônica desses textos, nem sempre aberta para a pesquisa na perspectiva sincrônica e da análise do substrato teológico subjacente às narrativas. A presente pesquisa reconhece esse desiderato na pesquisa e foca na exegese sincrônica e na análise teológica. Em Nm 27,1-11, narra-se o pedido das filhas de Salfaad de participação na herança do pai, após perceberem injustiças e lacunas na legislação vigente, que resultavam na extinção do nome, da memória e do patrimônio familiar. A narrativa destaca o acolhimento dessa reivindicação por YHWH através de uma inovação jurídica. Em Nm 36,1-12, os chefes das famílias, às quais as filhas de Salfaad pertenciam, registram, por sua vez, consequências jurídicas negativas da permissão à herança de mulheres, a saber, a desintegração e perda das posses tribais. Também essa reivindicação é atendida por YHWH mediante exigência do casamento endogâmico. Os dois textos chamam a atenção por registrarem o surgimento de inovações jurídicas a partir das decisões de YHWH que acolhem pleitos por justiça e que alteram práticas consuetudinárias aplicadas em todo o Antigo Oriente Próximo. A abordagem sociológica contemplou uma análise da prática do direito à herança para mulheres nas diversas sociedades do Antigo Oriente Próximo e nos textos bíblicos. Levou à conclusão de que o fator subjacente à permissão jurídica do direito à herança das mulheres era a preservação do patrimônio e garantia da continuidade da descendência agnática. Já a análise teológica resultou na conclusão de que a permissão de YHWH para a herança das mulheres tem como pano de fundo a lógica promessa-cumprimento da terra dada a todos os filhos de Israel e que está teologicamente ancorada nas declarações divinas da igualdade entre mulheres e homens registradas nos relatos da criação, em Gn 1,26-28 e 2,18-23, perspectiva presente em outras narrativas e na legislação do antigo Israel. / [en] This thesis approaches the issue of the woman s right to inheritance, through the exegetical, social and theological analysis of Nm 27,1-11 and 36,1-12. Recent exegetical production has made efforts to carry out literary, formal and cultural analyzes in a diachronic perspective of these texts, not always open to research in the synchronic perspective and the analysis of the theological substrate underlying the narratives.The present research recognizes this research desideratum and focuses on synchronic exegesis and theological analysis. In Num 27,1-11, the request of Salfaad s daughters to share in their father s inheritance is narrated, after realizing injustices and gaps in the current legislation, which resulted in the extinction of the name, memory and family heritage. The narrative highlights the acceptance of this claim by YHWH through a legal innovation. In Num 36:1-12, the heads of the families to which the daughters of Salfaad belonged, in turn, record the negative legal consequences of allowing women to inherit, namely, the disintegration and loss of women tribal possessions. This claim, too, is met by YHWH through the requirement of endogamous marriage. Both texts draw attention for registering the emergence of legal innovations from YHWH s decisions that welcome claims for justice and that change customary practices applied throughout the AOP. The sociological approach included an analysis of the practice of the right to inheritance for women in the different societies of the ANE and in the biblical texts. It led to the conclusion that the underlying factor in the juridical permission of women s right to inheritance was the preservation of the patrimony and guarantee of the continuity of agnatic descent. The theological analysis resulted in the conclusion that YHWH s permission for the inheritance of women has as a theological background the promise of the land given to all Israelites and which is theologically anchored in the divine declarations of equality between women and men recorded in the creation narratives, in Gn 1,26-28 and 2,18-23, perspective present in other narratives and in the legislation of the OT.

This paper explores how the formal aspects of streaming platforms create a female inheritance that helps foster multiple representations of femininity and womanhood which empowers women. Building off of Sandra Gilbert and Susan Gubar's Madwoman in the Attic, the paper argues that because streaming platforms produce original content, are a space for multiplicity and interconnection, and act as a type of archive, they can build a female inheritance. The combination of these attributes offer a widespread emergence of multiple stories that valorize women and what is socially coded as feminine, creating a creative network that improves the representation of women as well as their opportunity to work in the visual media industry. Three case studies are explored in connection to these ideas including Amazon Prime's The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel, and the Netflix original series, Followers, and The OA.

This thesis provides a critique of Nawal El Saadawi’s writings regarding the issue of women’s rights in Islam. The study’s goal is twofold: 1) to examine how Muslim women’s rights are viewed by Nawal El Saadawi, who is a prominent feminist scholar in the Middle East and is widely known for her fierce campaigns demanding equal gender rights in what she calls a male-dominated society, and 2) to discuss her arguments within an Islamic framework that includes two strands of interpretations of gender-specific verses of the Qur’an: traditional and modern. To this end, I use a content analysis approach to explore how the Arab feminist, Nawal El Saadawi, perceives five controversial issues -i.e., marriage, polygamy, and divorce, inheritance rights, and veiling- as opposed to the Islamic faith as presented by classical scholars (i.e., Muhammad ibn Jarir Al Tabari (839-923 CE) and Ismail ibn Umar Ibn Kathir (C 1300-1373) as well as contemporary Muslim feminists including Amina Wadud and Azizah Al Hibri. Findings display that Nawal El Saadawi's arguments contradict the classical readings of the Qur'an as demonstrated by Al Tabari and Ibn Kathir on the one hand, and the views of contemporary Muslim feminists on the other hand. While El Saadawi considers marriage in Islam, for example, as an oppressive institution that denies a woman's right to choose her partner and turns her life into a servant, traditional and modern scholars' interpretations of the Qur'an disagree with her and assert the opposite. Findings also show that El-Saadawi's claims not only contradict the views of classical and contemporary scholars, but also contradict each other. For instance, El Saadawi (2002) criticizes Islam for several issues such as marriage and divorce and accuses it of being behind the backwardness of Muslim women. However, she praises the era of the Prophet Muhammad and his early successors, which she described as the best era in which Muslim women were treated fairly.

Recent geodynamic modeling studies suggest that the geometry of structural landforms in the Ouachita Mountains (OM) has been influenced by the reactivation of a weak scar in the mantle-lithosphere during intracontinental orogenesis. As deformation on one-plate planets such as Mars can be considered intracontinental, and impact cratering deeply scarred the Martian lithosphere, we hypothesize that structural geometries on Mars may also reflect heterogenous networks of lithospheric scarring. To investigate this hypothesis, we model the pre-erosional fold structure of the Maumelle Chaotic Zone in the OM to compare fault and fold geometries with that of the seismically-imaged mantle-lithosphere scar. We then numerically model deformation within the Martian crust and mantle-lithosphere in the presence of scarring to understand tectonic reactivation on one-plate planets. We find that structural geometries in the OM are consistent with a subsurface scar, and tectonic landforms on the surface of Mars may indeed reflect deformation generated by a network of lithospheric heterogeneity.

[pt] Esta pesquisa investiga as memórias e as trajetórias dos estudantes de Pedagogia da Universidade Estácio de Sá. A partir de vinte entrevistas semiestruturadas, procurou-se conhecer os fatores que contribuíram para que alcançassem o ensino superior, tendo em vista que a maior parte dos entrevistados é oriunda de segmentos populares. Para fazê-lo, trabalhou- se basicamente com os conceitos de Bourdieu de habitus e de capital social e cultural bem como com as noções de herdeiro e de herança. Observou-se que a caminhada dos estudantes vincula-se a uma multiplicidade de fatores, que se interpenetram favorecendo o avanço nos estudos, não sendo possível destacar apenas um. Entre estes fatores está a maneira complexa e ambivalente com que se apropriam das formas de pensar e agir aprendidas em família e socialmente. Refletindo uma sociedade e uma cultura em transformação, assinala-se que a chegada à universidade relaciona-se ao contraditório processo de aquisição da herança e formas de herdar, que se faz, amiúde, parcialmente. Herdar ou não a história e a memória paternas associam-se, pois, às próprias relações familiares, mas a elas não se reduzem, uma vez que as atuais transformações culturais contribuem para modificar as formas de pensar, representar e agir no mundo. Afastando-se e recuperando a história paterna, constroem os estudantes suas próprias trajetórias. / [en] This research investigates the memories and trajectories of students of Pedagogy in the Estácio de Sá University. Having twenty semi-structured interviews as starting points, we have tried to reveal the factors that have contributed to their ascent to a higher education, having in mind that most part of the interviewed ones come from popular sections of society. In order to do so, we have worked basically with the concepts of Bordieu of habitus and social capital as well as the notions of heir and inheritance. We have observed that the route taken by students is linked with a multiplicity of factors, that are intertwined in a way that makes it possible for them to advance in their studies. For that reason, it seems impossible to highlight only one. Among these factors is the complex and ambiguous way in which they assume the ways of thinking and acting learned in their families and in social contacts. Reflecting a society and a culture in a process of an accelerated transformation, we can affirm that getting into university is connected with the contradictory process of acquisition of inheritance and the ways of inheriting, which is frequently done partially. To inherit or not the history and fatherly memories is connected, therefore, to the familiar relationships themselves, but they are not reduced to them, since the cultural transformations that happen nowadays contribute to change the ways of thinking, representing and acting in the world. Getting away and recovering the parental histories is how the students build their own trajectories.

La sucesión intestada en el Perú es una de las fuentes del derecho sucesorio más usadas por los peruanos y su procedimiento de publicidad es regulado por el Código Procesal Civil y la Ley de Competencia Notarial en Asuntos no Contenciosos- Ley N°. 26662, que establece como medios de divulgación la sección de avisos del Diario Oficial El Peruano y otro de amplia circulación, canales de información poco adquiridos por los peruanos, toda vez que, la mayoría posee una ausencia de cultura lectora en medios impresos prefiriendo los tecnológicos, como las redes sociales. En consecuencia, el presente trabajo desarrolla los siguientes objetivos; i) Analizar la doctrina y norma comparada del empleo de las diversas formas de la publicidad de la sucesión intestada, ii) Identificar las redes sociales más usadas por el Colegio de Notarios de Lambayeque y su correcta regulación en la legislación peruana, y iii) Explicar las razones que fundamenta la necesidad de la publicidad de la sucesión intestada en las redes sociales más usadas por los peruanos; lo cual conllevará a la formulación de una propuesta de implementación de la publicidad de sucesión intestada en redes sociales, a través de la metodología cuantitativa, obteniendo como resultado que la publicidad de la sucesión intestada al proteger el derecho fundamental de la herencia debe ejecutarse a través de las redes sociales para que la información sea conocida por todo heredero legitimo interesado. / Intestate succession in Peru is one of the sources of inheritance law most used by Peruvians and its publicity procedure is regulated by the Civil Procedure Code and the Law of Notarial Competence in Non-Litigious Matters - Law No. 26662, which establishes as means of dissemination the notices section of the Official Gazette El Peruano and another widely circulated one, information channels little acquired by Peruvians, since the majority have an absence of reading culture in printed media, preferring technological ones. , like social networks. Consequently, this work develops the following objectives: i) Analyze the doctrine and comparative standard of the use of the various forms of publicity of intestate succession, ii) Identify the social networks most used by the College of Notaries of Lambayeque and their correct regulation in Peruvian legislation, and iii) Explain the reasons underlying the need to publicize the intestate succession on the social networks most used by Peruvians; which will lead to the formulation of a proposal for the implementation of advertising of intestate succession on social networks, through quantitative methodology, resulting in the advertising of intestate succession when protecting the fundamental right of inheritance must be executed through of social networks so that the information is known to all interested legitimate heirs.

[pt] A presente dissertação propõe investigar os elementos que compuseram a experiência de exílio de crianças brasileiras, durante o período da ditadura militar, a partir de depoimentos recolhidos em entrevistas realizadas. A discussão sobre a relação entre memória e história é, portanto fundamental para este trabalho. As entrevistas possibilitaram desenvolver as temáticas mais significativas sobre o episódio histórico estudado, assim como sobre aspectos que fazem parte de trabalhos baseados em relatos orais no universo das Ciências Sociais. Por serem identificados como Herdeiros do Exílio, indaga-se o que os meninos e meninas brasileiros herdaram deste período. A idéia de herança está baseada na característica singular que este caso apresenta, pois o exílio foi vivido em conseqüência da atuação política de seus pais. A partir de diferentes fontes e referências, esse estudo aborda igualmente as atribuições que podem ser encontradas em qualquer experiência de exílio, e de que forma esses elementos foram significativos para o caso brasileiro, e para a vivência dos filhos de exilados. A dissertação investiga também quais as influências que o exílio teve na formação da identidade dos filhos de exilados. A idéia de geração é significativa para esta questão, e somada a ela está a discussão sobre a relação entre memória coletiva e memória individual. O estudo permite pensar as especificidades desta geração, e seus principais referenciais. / [en] This dissertation aims to investigate the elements which were present at the exile experience of Brazilian children, during the period of the military dictatorship, based on testimonies and interviews. Therefore, the discussion about the connection between memory and history is essential to this analysis. Through out the testimonies it was possible to develop of the most significant themes about this historical episode, and also discuss aspects which are related with social studies based on oral history. Once identified as Heirs of Exile, it is important to question which heritages those boys and girls acquired from this experience. The idea of heritage is based on the specific characteristics of this case. The exile only repents for them because those children´s parents were involved with the political activities against the establishment. From different sources and references, this paper also discusses the characteristics that can be found in any exile experience, and how they were significant for the Brazilian case, and for the experience of theese children. This study also investigates which kind of influences the exile provoked in the process of identity formation of those children. The concept of generation is significant, and, also, the discussion about the connection between collective memory and individual memory. Therefore, it is possible to think about specifics aspects of this generation, has and its political references.