Submitted by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2017-04-18T14:56:00Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Jocelem_Fernandes_Ribeiro_Dissertação.pdf: 837511 bytes, checksum: 6ca4a8dd9a7fabe59e45f9f36a045aaa (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2017-04-20T20:02:12Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Jocelem_Fernandes_Ribeiro_Dissertação.pdf: 837511 bytes, checksum: 6ca4a8dd9a7fabe59e45f9f36a045aaa (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-20T20:02:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Jocelem_Fernandes_Ribeiro_Dissertação.pdf: 837511 bytes, checksum: 6ca4a8dd9a7fabe59e45f9f36a045aaa (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-11-12 / Sem bolsa / Investigar e analisar quais as estratégias e os recursos utilizados por indivíduos negros para sua inserção no mundo do trabalho e mobilidade social na cidade de Pelotas, no período pós-abolição e nos dias atuais é meta deste trabalho. Trata-se de um esforço para compreender quais os mecanismos e modalidades de reconversão de recursos sociais, educacionais e econômicos estes atores utilizaram visando a construção de uma carreira e os possíveis efeitos da discriminação racial ocorrida na trajetória deste grupo populacional. Entender de que forma a utilização de atributos socialmente adquiridos pela geração passada contribuiu para a ascensão das gerações atuais, através da herança inter e intrageracional. Como herança intergeracional, entendemos a ascensão ocorrida dentro do seio familiar e como herança intrageracional compreendemos o aproveitamento de oportunidades oferecidas pela sociedade através da expansão social e econômica do país. A medida básica e variáveis apresentadas para o entendimento da evolução na estrutura social e racial na sociedade pelotense é o status socioeconômico que combina educação, ocupação profissional e renda. / Investigate and analyze the strategies and resources used by blacks for their insertion in the labor and social mobility in the city of Pelotas, in the post-Civil War and today is the goal of this work. This is an effort to understand the mechanisms and modalities for the conversion of social resources, education and economic actors they used for the construction of a career and the possible effects of racial discrimination that occurs in the trajectory of this population group. Understand how the use of socially acquired attributes the past generation has contributed to the rise of the current generation, through the inheritance between and within generations. As intergenerational inheritance understand the rise occurred within the family heritage and how we understand intra seizing opportunities offered by society through social and economic expansion of the country. The basic measure and variables presented in understanding the evolution in social structure and racial society in Pelotas is the socioeconomic status that combines education, occupation and income.

A alface é a principal hortaliça folhosa do Brasil. A podridão negra das raízes causada pelo fungo Thielaviopsis basicola vem limitando o cultivo da alface americana ´Lucy Brown`. Os objetivos desta pesquisa foram: determinar a reação das cultivares comerciais de alface à T. basicola; elucidar a herança da resistência de alface ao patógeno e selecionar alface americana resistente ao patógeno a partir de variantes da ‘Lucy Brown`. Inocularam-se 37 cultivares de alface usando o isolado patogênico L1 de T. basicola, na fase juvenil. Para todos os ensaios a avaliação foi feita na fase juvenil através de uma escala de notas de acordo com a severidade da doença de 1 (ausência de sintomas) a 5 (mais de 90% das raízes severamente afetadas). A seleção de progênies resistentes ao patógeno foi feita a partir de variantes da ´Lucy Brown` pelo método genealógico usando um critério qualitativo para uniformidade, qualidade da cabeça e adaptação para o cultivo nas condições de verão. As cultivares do tipo crespa e batávia foram resistentes ao patógeno. As do tipo lisa e americana apresentaram variação inter-varietal quanto à reação a T. basicola. A herança da reação de alface a T. basicola foi devido a um gene dominante, designado de Tb. As progênies elites S4 derivadas da alface ´Lucy Brown` foram resistentes ao patógeno, uniformes e estáveis para o mérito hortícola no cultivo de verão. / Lettuce is the major leafy crop in Brazil. Lettuce black root rot (LBRR) caused by Thielaviopsis basicola is one the most limiting disease for the crisphead lettuce cv. Lucy Brown. Research focuses were: cultivars reaction to the pathogen; resistance inheritance elucidation and selections of LBRR resistant variants from cv. Lucy Brown. About 37 cultivars were screened using L1 pathogenic strain of T. basicola at juvenile stage. The reaction reading was made for all trials at juvenile stage using a severity disease scale from 1 (absence of symptoms) to 5 (with more than 90% of root rots). Selection of LBRR variants derived from Lucy Brown was made by pedigree selection and using selective criteria of line uniformity, heading qualities and adaptation for summer season slotting planting. Leaf lettuce Grand Rapids and Batavia types were resistant. There was inter-varietal occurrence of crisphead and butterhead resistance and other susceptible to LBRR. The inheritance to LBRR resistance in lettuce was due to a dominant gene designated as Tb. Elite LBRR resistant S4 lines derived from the crisphead cv. Lucy Brown were identified by their uniformity and stability for summer crop adaptation.

In the context of a changing political landscape, where shifts in state boundaries and socio-economic structures deeply affected the Italian peninsula and its people, this thesis analyses women and the law in action in the years from the Restoration up to the enactment of the Pisanelli code (1815-1865). It does so with particular reference to the Kingdom of Sardinia and the Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia. These years also saw a number of changes in the legal system with various new laws instituted. The quick succession of these legal acts testified to the new ideas, behaviours and perceptions that began to take form in the period in question, but which the patriarchal and hierarchical nineteenth century society - so reliant on strict class stratification to perpetuate its status quo - resisted fully accepting. Within this context, women began to redefine their sense of self and to think of themselves as having an identity which went beyond their traditional domestic roles of mother, wife or daughter. This work aims to describe this process by focusing on women's attitudes towards the law and their interactions with the legal system. The thesis is structured in the following way: the first part focuses on the Ottocento context, the ideals promulgated about women in public discourse and the legal framework of the Italian peninsula. In the second part attention turns to relevant case studies from the Kingdom of Sardinia and the Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia, brought to light by first-hand examination of archival documents and court proceedings preserved in legal journals of the time. Each part is subdivided into three chapters. After an examination of the social, political and economic context of the nineteenth-century Italian peninsula (Chapter one), the discussion presents a picture of contemporary views about women according to scientists, theorists, moralists and jurists (Chapter two). Chapter three is devoted to the law in force in the pre-unification states with regard to women, paying close attention to the institution of dowry. Chapter four deals with a selection of case studies concerning marriage promises, seduction, and extramarital relations. What emerges from the investigation is the intrusiveness of authorities and the reach they extended into people's private lives in an effort to maintain social order and exercise power within a society founded on hierarchy, immobility, and obedience. Chapter five examines lawsuits questioning dowries and wills. These acts show the families' choices to preserve their wealth, often inevitably paving the way to future discord, with women initiating lawsuits to obtain more money from their relatives. Finally, Chapter six analyses widowhood and separation, two possible moments in a woman's existence that had important implications in terms of both their intimate sphere and the devolution of wealth. In particular, the chapter traces widows' actual access to inheritance, and women's requests for separation, focusing on the reasons that drove them before a court to relate issues pertaining to their very intimate lives, such as contracting diseases. Through the analysis of the law in action and women's use of the law itself, this thesis will recover the forgotten voices and lives of those ordinary women, who, in their everyday life, reacted against the limitations and constraints imposed upon them by society and decided not to passively accept their status.

No description available.

<p>У раду је анализирана вaријабилност, генски ефекти, наслеђивање компонената приноса у укрштању пет сорти хексаплоидне пшенице (Triticum aestivum L.). Резултати истраживања<br />iv<br />указују да између родитеља и генерација потомстaва постоје значајне разлике у средњим вредностима испитиваних својстава. Методом диалелног укрштања утврђена је комбинациона способност родитељских линија и добијене су информације о природи генских ефеката за важне агрономске особине. У наслеђивању компонената приноса (висина биљке, маса биљке, дужина класа, број зрна по класу, маса зрна по класу и маса зрна по биљци), применом адитивно-доминантног модела, уочено је присуство неалелне интеракције &ndash; епистазе. Aнализом међузависних односа установљене су значајне или високо значајне вредности коефицијената корелације између већине испитиваних својстава.</p> / <p>U radu je analizirana varijabilnost, genski efekti, nasleđivanje komponenata prinosa u ukrštanju pet sorti heksaploidne pšenice (Triticum aestivum L.). Rezultati istraživanja<br />iv<br />ukazuju da između roditelja i generacija potomstava postoje značajne razlike u srednjim vrednostima ispitivanih svojstava. Metodom dialelnog ukrštanja utvrđena je kombinaciona sposobnost roditeljskih linija i dobijene su informacije o prirodi genskih efekata za važne agronomske osobine. U nasleđivanju komponenata prinosa (visina biljke, masa biljke, dužina klasa, broj zrna po klasu, masa zrna po klasu i masa zrna po biljci), primenom aditivno-dominantnog modela, uočeno je prisustvo nealelne interakcije &ndash; epistaze. Analizom međuzavisnih odnosa ustanovljene su značajne ili visoko značajne vrednosti koeficijenata korelacije između većine ispitivanih svojstava.</p> / <p>A study has been conducted to assess variability, gene effect and inheritance of yield components in five crosses of hexaploid wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.). The results of the study have shown that the mean values of parents and their progenies were significantly different. In diallel<br />vii<br />crossing information about combining ability of parental lines and the nature of genetic effects for some important agronomic traits had been obtained. Non-allelic interactions, epistatic gene effect, were observed in the inheritance of yield components (stem height, biomass, spike length, kernel number per spike, kernel weight per spike and kernel weight per plant) using the additive-dominance model. Significant and highly significant values of correlation coefficients were calculated for the most of studied traits.<br />&nbsp;</p>

La déformation actuelle et la sismicité en domaine intraplaque sont des phénomènes mal compris. En particulier le rôle de l'héritage structural sur les variations spatiales de sismicité, et donc d'aléa sismique, reste une problématique majeure à la fois académique et sociétale. Plusieurs études semblent montrer que l'adoucissement rhéologique créé lors de la formation de grandes structures tectoniques aujourd'hui héritées, est un facteur indispensable pour expliquer la localisation et la magnitude de la déformation actuelle. Cependant, la quantification de l'impact de cet l’héritage structural sur la déformation de la croûte supérieure est toujours mal contrainte voir inconnue.Ces travaux de thèse ont pour but de quantifier l'impact de l'héritage structural sur la déformation actuelle des premiers kilomètres de la croûte. Il s’articule autour de deux axes de recherche. Le premier est la mesure précise des taux de déformations dans la vallée du Saint Laurent, à l’Est du Canada, à l’aide du Global Positioning System (GPS). Cette zone présente un fort héritage structural associé au paléo-rift Iapetus (~700 Ma) et une forte densité de station GPS permettant la mesure des taux de déformation tant à l’extérieur qu’à l’intérieur de la zone d’héritage structural. Une des nouveautés de cette étude est la combinaison de stations GPS continues et de campagnes (réseau de campagne dédié, pour la première fois utilisé pour contraindre les taux de déformation dans cette zone). L’analyse des taux de déformation obtenus à l’aide du GPS a montré qu’avec des taux de déformation de 2 à 11 fois supérieurs aux régions limitrophes, la zone d’héritage structural concentre significativement la déformation de surface. La comparaison des taux de déformation GPS avec ceux prédits par les modèles de réajustement isostatique glaciaire (GIA, processus majeur actif dans la région) a mis en évidence que l’héritage structural amplifie les taux de déformation générés par le GIA d’un facteur 6 à 28.Le deuxième axe de recherche consiste à développer des modèles numériques thermo-mécaniques 2D prenant en compte l’adoucissement rhéologique associé à l’héritage structural. La quantification de l’amplification des taux de déformation de la croûte supérieure est effectuée pour différentes localisations de l'adoucissement au sein de la lithosphère. Les modèles sont d’abord réalisés pour un cas intraplaque générique, puis appliqués à la vallée du St Laurent. Une des nouveautés de cette étude est d’analyser les modèles pour une force fixée, représentative du bilan des forces agissant sur la lithosphère, et supposée être à l’équilibre avec la résistance intégrée de la lithosphère. Cela permet d’appréhender le comportement mécanique de la lithosphère pour un état non stationnaire. Pour les modèles intraplaques génériques, l’amplification des taux de déformation varie de 1 à 27 en fonction des paramètres testés (lithologie crustale, quantité de déformation héritée, géotherme et force). Ces amplifications modélisées sont en accord avec celles mesurées par le GPS ou la sismicité à grande échelle spatiale (100s km) dans l’est de l’Amérique du Nord. Les modèles numériques associés à la vallée du St Laurent intègrent l’impact de la géométrie de la zone adoucie et des variations latérales de la quantité d’adoucissement et du géotherme. Les amplifications associées vont de 1 à 11, en accord avec les amplifications GPS calculées dans cette zone. Un résultat majeur mis en évidence par cette étude est la présence d’un noyau élastique conservé dans le manteau lithosphérique supérieur malgré le fort adoucissement imposé, limitant les effets d’amplification.Nos résultats reflètent un comportement mécanique de la lithosphère et de la déformation associée, supposés long-terme (10^3 à 10^5 ans). Des travaux restent à entreprendre pour quantifier l’impact des processus transitoires pouvant être à l’origine de la réactivation des zones d’héritage structural. / Current deformation and seismicity are poorly understood phenomena in intraplate domains. In particular, the role of structural inheritance on spatial variations of seismicity, and hence seismic hazard, remains a major social and academic issue. Previous studies tend to show that rheology weakening created during the formation of large tectonic structures, currently inherited, is essential to explain the current deformation localization and magnitude. However, quantifying the structural inheritance impact on upper crustal deformation is still poorly constrained, if not unknown.The goal of this thesis is to quantify the impact of structural inheritance on present-day upper crustal deformation. It is performed through two research axes. The first one is the measure of precise strain rates in the Saint Lawrence Valley, eastern Canada, using the Global Positioning System (GPS). This region presents a strong structural inheritance related to the Iapetus paleo-rift (~700 Ma) and a dense GPS network, allowing a high resolution in the strain rate measurements both outside and inside the structural inheritance area. One of the novelties in this study is the combination of continues and campaign GPS stations (dedicated network, used for the first time to constrain strain rates in this region). GPS strain rate analysis show that structural inheritance significantly localizes the deformation, increasing 2-11 times the average surface strain rates in the structural inheritance area compared to surrounding regions. The comparison of GPS strain rates and glacial isostatic adjustment models (GIA, the main active process in the St Lawrence Valley) shows that GIA-induced strain rates are amplified inside the inheritance area about a factor of 6 to 28, whereas they are not amplified outside the inherited domain.The second research axe involves developing 2D thermo-mechanical numerical models including rheology weakening related to structural inheritance. Quantification of the upper crustal strain rate amplification is carried out following different weak zone localization in the lithosphere. Models are first produced for a generic intraplate domain and then, dedicated to the St Lawrence Valley. One of the novelties of this study is to analyze the models for a fixed net driving force (including the impact of regional and local forces) assumed to be at equilibrium with the lithospheric integrated strength. This approach allows studying the mechanical behavior of the lithosphere for a non-steady state. For a generic intraplate model, the strain rate amplification varies between 1 to 27 depending on the tested parameters (crustal strength, amount of inherited strain, geotherm and net driving force). These model amplification factors are in good agreement with observed GPS and seismic strain rates calculated on a large spatial scale (100s km) in Eastern North America. Representatives models of the St Lawrence Valley investigate the impact of the weak zone geometry and lateral variations of both the amount of weakening and the geotherm. The associated amplification range between 1-11 and is in good agreement with GPS amplifications calculated in this region. A major feature highlighted through this study is the presence of a preserved elastic core in the upper lithospheric mantle despite the high imposed weakening, limiting amplification effects.Our results reflect long-term behavior (10^3 to 10^5 yrs) of the lithosphere deformation and mechanical behavior. The next step is to include and quantify the impact of transient processes, which could be at the origin of structural inheritance reactivation.

La répétition, matrice essentielle de l’écriture de Robert Pinget, en informe tous les enjeux. Les reprises sous-tendent l’écriture et en font un lieu aporétique : entre désir de mimèsis et impossible figuration, cohésion textuelle et déstructuration narrative, reconstitution authentique de la parole et avancée tâtonnante, écriture romanesque et oralité toute théâtrale, foisonnement baroque et épure poétique. Ce retour linguistique de la répétition se fait chemin vers un retour mémoriel. Anamnèse qui s’avère impossible et à laquelle se substitue une complexe remontée vers le roman des origines familiales où la fable et la fiction prennent la place des souvenirs réels. Aucune restauration mémorielle n’étant possible dans le monde pingétien, les œuvres signent l’échec des mémoires familiale, historique et patrimoniale dans un monde où seules demeurent des histoires retranscrites dans des manuscrits qui les perpétuent – mémoire textuelle essentiellement. Dans ce travail mémoriel, qui se veut avant tout scriptural, émerge une figure essentielle bien que marginale au sein de l’œuvre de Robert Pinget : l’écrivain. En charge d’une œuvre fondamentalement inachevée, ce dernier est un être singulier qui hante les marges des textes et du monde. L’écrivain pingétien, en véritable anachorète, s’astreint à une difficile ascèse scripturale pour accéder au texte pur, lieu d’une parole vraie et authentique. Dans cette posture littéraire tout autant que morale peut se lire le parcours même de l’auteur Robert Pinget qui n’a eu de cesse d’occuper une place marginale au sein du champ littéraire de son époque, à la fois proche et en retrait du Nouveau Roman et du Nouveau nouveau roman. / Repetition, a founding pattern of Robert Pinget's writing, affects all its aspects. Repetitions underlie the writing, making it aporetical – between desire of mimesis and impossible representation, textual cohesion and narrative destructuration, authentic reproduction of speech and hesitant progression, novelistic writing and utterly dramatic orality, baroque profusion and poetic refining. This linguistic recurrence of repetition becomes the way back into memory all the characters are looking for. An anamnesis which turns out to be impossible and is replaced by a slow and complex return to the novel of family origins, in which fable and fiction substitute themselves for real memories. No restoration of memory being possible in Pinget's world, his works bear witness to the failure of family, historical and patrimonial memories in a world where the only stories left live on in manuscripts which retranscribe them – i.e. mostly textual memory. From this work on memory, which first of all aims at focusing on the writing, an essential figure – marginal as it may be in Robert Pinget's works – stands out : the writer. Responsible for basically uncompleted works, this one is a singular being haunting the margins of both the text and the world. The pingetian writer, a true anchorite, compels himself to a difficult asceticism of writing to reach pure text, and thus a true and authentic speech. Through this literary as well as moral position we can glimpse the very path followed by author Robert Pinget, who constantly endeavoured to play a marginal part in the literary world of his times, both close and standing back from the « Nouveau Roman » and the « Nouveau nouveau roman ».

Comme tous les ciliés, P. tetraurelia réarrange son génome à chaque génération sexuelle pendant le développement de son macronoyau somatique ¿ partir du micronoyau germinal. Les réarrangements incluent l’excision précise de courtes séquences dérivant de transposons et appelés IES (Internal Eliminated Sequences) dont la majorité sont intragéniques. L’excision d’une fraction d’entre elles dépend de petits ARN maternels (appelés scnARN) qui sont produits à partir de tout le génome germinal pendant la méiose. Ce mécanisme pose un problème lors d’une conjugaison entre deux souches présentant des polymorphismes d’insertion : une cellule sera théoriquement incapable d’exciser une IES portée par l’allèle paternel reçu si cette IES est absente de l’allèle maternel ou si la séquence est trop divergente. Mes résultats montrent cependant que les allèles paternels divergents sont correctement excisés en utilisant les scnARN produit par la cellule paternelle. Dans le cas d’un polymorphisme absence/présence, l’IES que j’ai étudié est excisée chez 70 % des hétérozygotes F1, également via les scnARN paternels. Nous avons exploré deux hypothèses pour expliquer comment ils pouvaient agir. Il pourrait s’agir d’une programmation précoce des noyaux gamétiques ou alors d’un échange cytoplasmique des scnARN. Finalement, j’ai montré qu’un défaut de scnARN maternels n’est pas une cause possible de dysgénésie hybride. Cependant, 30 % des hétérozygotes F1 présentent une rétention variable de l’IES étudié via un mécanisme inconnu. Si cela est généralisable à toutes les IES homozygotes, alors ce mécanisme aurait un effet délétère sérieux sur les F1 et pourrait contribuer à l’isolement reproductif. / Like all ciliates, P. tetraurelia entirely rearranges its genome during development of the somatic macronucleus from the germline micronucleus, in each sexual generation. Rearrangements include the precise excision of IESs (Internal Eliminated Sequences), single-copy intervening sequences likely derived from transposon insertions. At least for a fraction of IESs, correct excision, which is required to reconstitute functional genes in the macronucleus, is thought to depend on their recognition by Piwi-bound small RNAs (called scnRNAs) produced from the maternal germline genome during meiosis. This raises a problem during conjugation between strains presenting insertion polymorphisms: a cell will be theoretically unable to excise an IES from the incoming (paternal) allele if that IES is absent from the maternal allele, or if its sequence is too divergent. Our results, however, indicate that divergent paternal alleles are correctly rearranged, using scnRNAs produced by the paternal cell. In the case of an absence/presence polymorphism, the IES we studied is excised in 70% of heterozygotes, also using paternal scnRNAs. We explored two hypotheses to explain how they can act. It could be either an early programming of the gametic nuclei or through cytoplasmic exchange of scnRNAs. My results seem to favor the latter. Overall, I showed that the lack of maternal scnRNAs is not a possible cause of hybrid dysgenesis. However, 30% of heterozygous F1 display a variable retention of the IES through an unknown mechanism. If this is true for all hemizygous IESs then it will have a strong deleterious effect on hybrid F1s and may contribute to reproductive isolation.

In today’s society it is not uncommon for people to move across borders. We are more likely to work and study in other countries, initiate cross-border relationships, acquire property in other states and change our residence. Therefore it is not uncommon for a per-son to leave inheritance in several states. The laws of succession differ between countries which creates an uncertainty among the devisors when planning their successions. This un-certainty, to which court has jurisdiction and to which country’s law is applicable, is con-sidered as incompatible with the free movement of people and capital within the EU. Therefore, the EU regulation No 650/2012 has been introduced to reduce the uncertainty and enable the EU citizens to govern their successions in advance.The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the regulation solves the current problems regarding the court of jurisdiction and applicable law in cross-border situations concerning succession within the EU and how this regulation in these matters relate to third state. To answer the purpose of this paper the applicable law is studied from a problem-based per-spective. The sources of law is systematized, interpreted and defined in the paper with a descriptive method.The regulation states that the principle of domicile is to be used as a harmonizing principle both regarding jurisdiction and applicable law. The regulation however, does not provide a clear definition of the term domicile. The authors of this paper consider this to be a problem in the enforcement of the principle. The regulation has universal application, wherefore the court may have to apply another state’s law when judging the succession. In such situations it may, for several reasons, be difficult to maintain a high level of legal certainty. The regu-lation only binds the Member States but may still be beneficial in successions related to a third State. / I dagens samhälle är det vanligt att människor rör sig över landsgränserna. Gränsöverskri-dandeförhållanden inleds, allt fler personer arbetar och studerar utanför medborgarskaps-landet, de byter hemvist och förvärvar egendom i andra stater, vilket gör att det vid en per-sons bortgång inte är ovanligt att denne efterlämnar kvarlåtenskap i flera stater. Staters arvsrättsliga regler skiljer sig åt vilket skapar en osäkerhet hos arvlåtaren då denne ska pla-nera för sin kvarlåtenskap. Denna oförutsägbarhet, avseende främst vilken domstol som är behörig samt vilken lag som är tillämplig, har ansetts strida mot den fria rörligheten av människor och kapital inom EU. Därför har en EU-förordning, nr 650/2012 av den 4 juli 2012 om behörighet, tillämplig lag, erkännande och verkställighet av domar samt godkän-nande och verkställighet av officiella handlingar i samband med arv och om inrättandet av ett europeiskt arvsintyg, förhandlats fram för att minska osäkerheten och underlätta för EU:s medborgare att utforma sina arvsrättsliga förhållanden i förväg.Syftet med denna uppsats är att utreda huruvida förordning nr 650/2012 löser nuvarande problematik avseende domsrätts- och lagvalsfrågorna i gränsöverskridanade arvsituationer inom EU samt hur denna förordning i dessa frågor förhåller sig till tredjestat. För att be-svara syftet utreds gällande rätt ur en problemorienterad synvinkel. Rättskällorna systemati-seras och tolkas för att sedan framställas i uppsatsen med en deskriptiv metod.I förordningen anges hemvistprincipen som harmoniserande anknytningsprincip både av-seende domsrätt och lagval. Det anges dock ingen klar och tydlig definition av hemvistbe-greppet, vilket uppsatsförfattarna anser utgör ett problem vid tillämpningen av principen. Förordningen är universell varför den behöriga domstolen kan tvingas tillämpa en annan stats lag. I sådana situationer kan det av flera anledningar vara svårt att upprätthålla en hög rättsäkerhet. Förordningen binder endast unionens medlemsstater men kan ändå vara till fördel i arvsmål med anknytning till tredjestat.

Presumtionsreglerna i 11 kap. ÄB får anses vara ett hjälpmedel vid tolkning av testamenten som i sig inte ger tillräcklig ledning för vad testatorn avsett ska hända med sin kvarlåtenskap. Dessa presumtionsregler är tänkta att ge uttryck för vad testatorer i allmänhet vill ska hända med sitt arv efter sin bortgång i specifika situationer. Att reglerna ska ge uttryck för vad den ”genomsnittlige” testatorn vill innebär att reglernas utformning måste vara av generell karaktär. I denna uppsats utreder vi presumtionsregeln i 11 kap. 5 § ÄB som behandlar panträttsbelastade saklegat. Arbetet är avgränsat till att enbart behandla det fall då en fastighet har pantsatts och belånats för att finansiera uppförandet av en byggnad på ofri grund. Uppsatsen framställer en kritisk syn på utformningen av nu nämnda presumtionsregel enligt gällande rätt. För att utreda och peka på brister i gällande rätt används en deskriptiv metod, vilket är en förutsättning för den kommande analysen som undersöker möjligheten till en förändring av presumtionsregeln i fråga. Rättsläget analyseras sedermera med hjälp av en analytisk och problemorienterad metod. I denna del av uppsatsen inventeras argument för och emot de framlagda förslagen till förändring, varefter argumenten vägs mot varandra. På grundval av argumentationen tar författarna ställning till huruvida varje enskilt förslag är möjligt att genomföra. Resultatet av analysen är att införandet av ett andra stycke till presumtionsregeln i 11 kap. 5 § ÄB är det mest lämpliga alternativet för att lösa den problematik som behandlas. Ett sådant stycke skulle tydligt stadga vem som ska bära panträttsbelastningen vid testatorns bortgång för det fall att testatorn har pantsatt en fastighet för att finansiera uppförandet av en byggnad på ofri grund. / The rules of presumption in chapter 11 of the Swedish Inheritance Code are to be considered as an aid in the interpretation of wills, if the will itself does not provide sufficient guidance for what the deviser intended to happen with his legacy. These rules of presumption are meant to express what a deceased person in general would want to happen with his legacy in specific situations. The rules of presumption have to be of a general nature in order to represent the average deceased persons intentions. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the rule of presumption given in chapter 11. 5 § of the Swedish Inheritance Code concerning estate with an attached mortgage lien which the deviser in his will has left to a specific legatee. This thesis is limited to only treat the case where a mortgage lien on property is deposited as security for a loan in order to finance the construction of a building on leasehold. The thesis presents a critical view of the design of the aforementioned rule of presumption according to current legislation. In order to investigate and identify shortcomings in current law, a descriptive method is used, which is a prerequisite for future analysis that examines the possibility of a change of the rule of presumption in question.The legal position is analyzed with an analytical approach. In this part of the thesis, arguments for and against the proposals of change are being evaluated. On the basis of these arguments, the authors consider whether each proposal is possible to implement or not. The result of the analysis is that the introduction of a subparagraph to the rule of presumption in chapter 11. 5 § of the Swedish Inheritance Code is the most suitable option to solve the issues being treated in the thesis. Such a subparagraph would clearly state which one of the legatees who is obligated to carry the burden of the mortgage lien attached to the property that has been deposited in order to finance the construction of a building on leasehold.