Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-10-02T21:52:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CarolinaBorbaVilarGuimaraes_DISSERT.pdf: 2269999 bytes, checksum: 37cdfb401816cf39b2f4a7c7da61a615 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-10-05T20:45:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CarolinaBorbaVilarGuimaraes_DISSERT.pdf: 2269999 bytes, checksum: 37cdfb401816cf39b2f4a7c7da61a615 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-05T20:45:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CarolinaBorbaVilarGuimaraes_DISSERT.pdf: 2269999 bytes, checksum: 37cdfb401816cf39b2f4a7c7da61a615 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-14 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / O presente estudo objetivou ampliar a compreens?o acerca dos processos de insight no Transtorno de Asperger (TA). Entende-se por insight o conhecimento do pr?prio diagn?stico e os sentidos constru?dos a partir deste. O desenvolvimento do insight ? aqui compreendido n?o como fun??o da vida mental pessoal, mas como fen?meno intersubjetivo, forjado nas rela??es sociais. O arcabou?o te?rico que subsidia a presente pesquisa ? a perspectiva gen?tica de desenvolvimento avan?ada pela psicologia hist?rico-cultural. Nesta perspectiva, ressaltam-se os processos de constru??o de sentido, considerando para tanto a inser??o hist?rico-cultural do sujeito e suas viv?ncias. Assim, para o estudo defende-se que o entendimento sobre ?como ? ser Asperger? precisa ir al?m da considera??o dos aspectos cognitivos compartilhados socialmente sobre esta condi??o cl?nica. Torna-se indispens?vel o esfor?o de compreens?o dos sentidos e viv?ncias destes sujeitos sobre sua condi??o e do mundo que os cerca. Diante disso, t?m-se o construto de insight como fen?meno complexo que demanda investiga??o ampla e aprofundada. Buscando atingir os objetivos avan?ados pelo estudo, foram propostas atividades em tr?s etapas que investigaram aspectos relacionados ?s experi?ncias asperger. Primeiramente, foi realizada a produ??o de uma narrativa acerca da quest?o que norteia o estudo: ?Como ? ter TA??. Como estrat?gia facilitadora da produ??o narrativa, recorreu-se ? media??o de um personagem alien?gena para o qual eles deveriam produzir uma narrativa que possibilitasse o entendimento da experi?ncia asperger, pois este seria de outro planeta e n?o saberia nada sobre o TA. Ap?s essa etapa, foi realizada entrevista semi-estruturada objetivando investigar aspectos relacionados ao conhecimento formal que os sujeitos t?m do TA. Em sequ?ncia, foi proposta nova atividade com dois objetivos complementares, a saber, a capacidade de identifica??o de caracter?sticas do TA em terceiros, que por sua vez, serviu de facilitador para o segundo objetivo que foi a produ??o de sentidos para as pr?prias viv?ncias dos sujeitos em rela??o ao TA. Participaram do estudo tr?s sujeitos entre 15 e 20, selecionados por conveni?ncia, com diagn?stico pr?vio de TA e com conhecimento deste h? pelo menos cinco anos, tempo este considerado suficiente para a constru??o de significados e sentidos sob a condi??o do diagn?stico cl?nico. Tamb?m participaram seus respectivos pais, que realizaram tamb?m as mesmas etapas da pesquisa que seus filhos, mas foram convocados a respond?-las como se fossem estes. Como resultados observou-se que eles produziram narrativas sobre o diagn?stico de TA e que em suas conceptualiza??es estiveram presentes diversos elementos reconhecidamente presentes em discursos cient?ficos e da m?dia sobre o diagn?stico. Quanto ao sentido do TA para eles, observou-se novamente a presen?a de discursos da m?dia, mas principalmente foram vistas diversas aproxima??es entre o discurso destes e de seus pais. Assim, foi observado que a constitui??o do discurso sobre o pr?prio diagn?stico para os indiv?duos com TA teve grande influ?ncia dos discursos sociais, principalmente de pessoas mais pr?ximas. Os resultados sugerem que uma caracter?stica dos processos de insight no TA pode ser descrita como disrup??o na transi??o de um modo monol?gico para um dial?gico de pensamento. Acredita-se que os resultados aqui encontrados contribuem para a compreens?o da singularidade da exist?ncia e da experi?ncia subjetiva. / The present study aimed expand the comprehension about the processes of insight in the Asperger?s Disorder (AD). Insight can be understood as the knowledge one has about his diagnosis and the meaning constructed from it. The development of insight is taken not as a personal mental function, but as a intersubjective phenomenon, forged in social relations. The study has its basis on the theoretical framework of Historical?cultural psychology with focus in the genetical development perspective. As a central feature of this perspective are the processes of meaning construction, considering the social-cultural insertion of the individual and his experiences. Thereby, the study advocates that the understanding of ?what it is like to be an Asperger? has to go beyond the socially shared idea of cognitive disruption as only features of this condition. The effort of comprehending meanings and experiences of these individuals becomes imperative. Therefore, the insight phenomena emerges as a complex construct, demanding a deep and broad research. In order to achieve the study goals, activities to investigate the Asperger experience were proposed in three steps. First, it was produced a narrative surrounding the central question that guides the study: ?what is it like to have asperger?s??. A mediation strategy was used as facilitating tool to the narrative production. It involved an alien character to whom the participants should talk to, explaining the asperger experience, since they came from a planet where there was no such thing. After the initial production, an semi-structured interview was used aiming to investigate aspects regarding the formal knowledge they had of the diagnosis. In sequence, another activity was proposed intending to investigate their ability to identify AD characteristics in others and, at the same time, facilitating the access and production os meaning to their own experiences towards the diagnosis. Three individuals with ages between 15 and 20 years old participated of the study, selected by convenience. They all had a previous diagnosis of AD and had knowledge of it since at least 5 years. That was considered enough time to the construction of meanings about the diagnosis. Also participated in the study their respective parents, who took part in the same investigation steps as their subjects and responded as if they were those. Results showed that they produced narratives about their AD diagnosis and that in their discourse there were many elements notedly present in the media and scientific material. As of the meanings surrounding the diagnosis, is was noted that media elements were also present, but specially approximations were seen between their and their parents perceptions. Therefore, it was noted that the discourse constitution about their own diagnosis for the AD individuals had many influences of the social discourses, notedly of closest people. The results sugest that a characteristic os the processes of insight in AD can be described as a disruption in the transition from a monologic to a dialogic way of thinking. It I believed that the results here exposed can contribute to the comprehension of the singularity of the existence and subjective experience of these individuals.

Annotation Švárová, M.: Leader literacy as a pedagogical koncept and the aim of literary teaching. Diploma dissertation, České Budějovice 2009. The goal of the thesis is to introduce the set of educational system supporting materials that have been proved in practice. The work is divided into two individual parts. In first theoretical unit are gathered several themes: a reader, reading with insight, reading literacy and the way how to recognize it and score it. There will be also done the comparison on research and tests already developed in this field. In the second unit, which is related to working reality are included works concerning practice as well as the instructions how to develop reading literacy on the literature education lessons so to increase children{\crq}s interest in reading and improve their insight into texts they read. The working application output of the thesis is the Set of Testing Exercises that can increase reading literacy in children which have been proved in author{\crq}s teaching experience.

Esta tese realiza uma aproximação ao tema dos observatórios e ouvidorias da mídia, que, situados em campos complementares, como a comunicação e a política, cada vez têm mais força e visibilidade. A partir do Observatório de Imprensa do Brasil, a Veeduria Ciudadana de Comunicación Social e o Compromiso por una Televisión de calidad na Colômbia, como estratégias selecionadas, se buscou indagar o papel que desenvolvem estes espaços no processo de democratização da informação na América Latina. Para isso, o percurso inicia com sua descrição como experiências de media criticism, ou de revisão crítica das tarefas da mídia, com cada vez mais presença no continente. Estabelecidas suas características relacionadas com o segmento das tarefas desenvolvidas pela mídia, apresentamos cada uma das experiências consideradas como objeto de estudo. Em um segundo momento, nos aproximamos do cenário político para descrever as mudanças que se sucedem em seu interior. Entre elas, se destacam um processo de ampliação da democracia e a presença da cidadania, considerada como ator fundamental. Descrito um breve percurso sobre sua história, se destaca a fluidez e autonomia como recursos que fazem possível sua presença em cenários como a mídia. A conexão entre estes dois conceitos vai se dar através do tema dos direitos, de modo específico, tanto o direito à comunicação como à informação. A partir deste panorama, utilizando o Estudo de Caso como estratégia metodológica, se realiza uma relação e o aprofundamento entre estas três experiências selecionadas. Nele se descrevem seus antecedentes, estratégias midiáticas utilizadas e, de modo particular, a presença da cidadania no seu interior. A tese fecha com uma reflexão sobre a relação entre mídia e democracia a partir dos observatórios e ouvidorias. / In this thesis, the author makes an approach toward Observatories and Media Insight Groups, both situated in complementary fields of media studies and politics and both increasingly strong and visible. The communication strategies selected were: Observatório de Imprensa from Brazil; Veeduría de Comunicación Social from Peru; and the Colombian‟s Compromiso por una Televisión de Calidad. The main purpose was to examine the role that these action fields have in the democratization of information process in Latin America.The dissertation begins by defining them as case of study and giving a description of these experiences as media criticism–or critical review of functions of the Media that has a growing presence in the continent.The second section describes the movements and changes experienced by the political arena, pointing out the expanding democracy and the growing presence of citizenship, which plays a key role. This section provides a brief historic overview of the concept of citizenship, highlighting its fluidity and autonomy. These features make its presence possible in the Media field.The connection between citizenship and Media is made possible by placing them in the field of rights of communication and information. From this standpoint, and using a Case Study as a methodological strategy, the thesis proposes a relationship and a profound study between the three selected experiences, describing its background, the use of media strategies and, in particular, the presence of citizens and citizenship.The dissertation concludes with reflections about the relationship between Media and Democracy from the perspective of Observatories and Media Insight Groups.

Previous attempts to alter client expectancy and behavior using brief therapy introduction documents have yielded mixed results. This paper reports on the clinical evaluation of such a document which presented individual therapy clients with suggested in-therapy behaviors and offered them a choice as to therapeutic framework. The document told clients that they would be allowed to choose between short term and long term therapy, but woven into the descriptions of these alternatives were repetitions of suggestions for in-therapy behaviors which were intended to positively alter the therapy process and the clients' attitudes toward it. A third choice, no therapy at all, provided the opportunity to present information about what therapy would not offer (medical treatment, direct advise, etc.). Twenty-nine adult subjects (14 experimental, 15 control) were given either the experimental document or a control document (offering no suggested behaviors and no choices) immediately following their initial intake appointment at the North Texas State University Community Psychology Clinic.

The thesis analyses the impact of Internet marketing tools on visits of the Lenovo Blog CZ, the official blog of the computer manufacturer Lenovo. It focuses evolution of visits of the blog over time, on the impact of social networks and Facebook posts paid promotion on visits. Finally, it observes to what extent the Internet marketing tools impact overall visits of the blog over the observed time.

The Emotiv Insight is a commercially available, low-cost, mobile EEG device that is commonly overshadowed by its costlier counterpart, the Emotiv EPOC. The purpose of this report is to investigate if the Emotiv Insight is a suitable headset to be used as a controlling factor in conjunction with an Arduino microcontroller and various electrical components that are used towards the development of an open-sourced, affordable electric wheelchair with the primary goal of providing those who either do not have the financial resources or the physical capability to operate a traditional wheelchair due to their disability a viable option to improve their quality of life. All of the C++ code, STL files used to fabricate the 3d-printed components are uploaded to a GitHub repository as open sourced files to allow individuals with access to a 3d-printer to either build the open sourced wheelchair for their personal use, or refine the design to suit their needs.

As mankind attempts to halt climate change and global warming, large-scale carbon dioxide (CO2) capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) technologies are viewed as an indispensable approach to curb CO2 emission. This thesis focused on better understanding CO2-amine interactions during adsorption, while developing in parallel covalently immobilized polyethylenimine (PEI) adsorbents for CO2 adsorption. In addition, catalyst reusability issues reported in the synthesis of cyclic carbonates (CCs) from CO2 and epoxides using metal-free supported immobilized quaternary ammonium salts are addressed, while developing new organosilicas for the synthesis of CCs. The reaction between CO2 and amine was investigated at the gas-solid interface in an attempt to provide a unified CO2-amine interaction both in adsorption and absorption. A combination of density functional theory calculations and experimental data (FTIR and 13C NMR) showed that the formation of the zwitterion intermediate often reported in the literature is highly unlikely, instead a six-atom centered zwitterion mechanism involving the “assisting” effect of water, amine or other functional groups was found to be more feasible due to its lower activation energy. Moreover, evidence was provided to suggest that under humid conditions, bicarbonate and carbonate are formed from the reaction between water and CO2, and not the widely reported carbamate hydrolysis. With a goal of minimizing the leaching of amines on PEI-impregnated adsorbents, PEI was covalently immobilized on mesoporous aluminosilica using 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane or 3-triethoxysilylpropyl isocyanate as linkers. The resultant materials were found to be more resistant to leaching (in ethanol) and degradation (air at 100 oC) compared to their impregnated counterparts. Further enhancement in oxidation stability was achieved by covalently grafting epoxide-functionalized PEI onto mesoporous aluminosilica. CO2 uptake over amine-containing adsorbents is widely reported to be enhanced in the presence of moisture. However, the same cannot be said for other adsorbents, such as, carbonaceous and zeolite-based materials, and most MOFs. In a soon to be submitted review manuscript, a comprehensive analysis on the role of water on CO2 uptake (equilibrium and kinetics), material structure and regeneration over a wide range of adsorbents is presented. As for CO2-epoxides fixation to cyclic carbonates, a quaternary ammonium salt supported on SBA-15 was used to investigate the observed literature trend between product yield and substrate type with catalyst reuse. Under mild reaction conditions (1.0 MPa CO2, 100 oC and 4 h), 1,2-butylene carbonate was obtained in high yields (> 95%) over 5 cycles as the substrate is easy to activate and the product can be completely removed from the catalyst surface due to its low boiling point. Nonetheless, using styrene oxide led to decrease in yield over reuse cycles, mainly because styrene carbonate crystals were trapped on the catalysts surface (13C MAS NMR and TGA data), thereby blocking access to active sites. By extensively washing all spent catalysts in acetone and using chromatographic grade SiO2 as support material, styrene carbonate was obtained in very good yield (> 93%) over five cycles. Finally, novel quaternary ammonium iodide-based organosilicas, grouped into disordered, ordered and periodic mesoporous organosilicas, were prepared and tested for the cycloaddition of CO2 to epoxide to yield cyclic carbonates. Under mild reaction conditions (0.5 MPa CO2, 50 oC and 10 – 15 h) catalysts with the ordered mesoporous organosilicas structure were found to be more active owing to their larger surface area and pore volume, enhancing the accessibility of active sites by epoxides.

The aim of this study was to explore the retrospective experience of self-forgiveness in psychotherapy, using a hermeneutically and existentially oriented research approach and using phenomenological principles in the data analysis (Giorgi, 1975). This research focused on the phenomenon of self-forgiveness, not only as a critical human experience in the individual’s everyday life’s experience, but also as an integral part of treatment and healing in the therapy process. Religious, cultural, moral and philosophical approaches to self-forgiveness were discussed with a focus on the cultural backdrop and the profound socio-political changes in South Africa, against which this research was conducted. In addition the relevant theories and approaches to the phenomenon were reviewed. Using a mixed research method, three questions were formulated in order to elicit the lived structure of the experience being researched. Two, in-depth interviews, were conducted with six of my own therapy clients whose therapy had ended with myself. This phenomenon had not been articulated in therapy and was considered from the point of view of the client who experienced this phenomenon and not from that of the therapist. Painful relational issues had left the participants feeling estranged from themselves and others and the experience of self-forgiveness had resulted in feeling reconnected with themselves and the world. The study of the phenomenon, included six, one monthly discussions with three fellow practising psychologists, whose reflections enhanced the understanding of this phenomenon. Significant findings of this research were that; the phenomena of self-forgiveness and forgiveness of others were interrelated and that self-acceptance was mandatory in the experience of self-forgiveness without a blanket condoning of one’s own actions or the actions of others. Non-forgiveness without vengeance and forgiving without condoning or forgetting the actions of others, could be emotionally and morally appropriate for the individual. Educative insight, a renewed identity and reinterpreted memory were important elements of the experience of self-forgiveness in psychotherapy. Experientially, the moment of recognition of this phenomenon had come as a ‘revelation’ for the participants after therapy had ended and self-forgiveness, formed an integral part of therapy although this experience was not directly articulated in psychotherapy. In this study the significance of the self of the client, the self of the therapist and the psychologists’ discussions relating to the phenomenon were addressed. Emotions pertaining to the experience of self-forgiveness; theoretical implications of this phenomenon for further research and for psychotherapy; limitations of this research and how the experience of self-forgiveness differed from other significant experiences in psychotherapy were critically discussed. / Thesis (PhD (Psychotherapy))--University of Pretoria, 2003. / Psychology / unrestricted

<p>Social functioning encompasses interactions with people across situations of varying complexity. Given the frequency of observed social impairments in individuals with schizophrenia, there is a need to identify mechanisms that influence social functioning impairments. One proposed mechanism is metacognition, a mental process that enables the integration and interpretation of mental states and experiences. Impaired metacognition can inhibit one’s ability to engage and navigate through our social world. In individuals with schizophrenia, both social functioning and metacognitive deficits are profound. This study examined three hypotheses. Following Metacognitive Reflection and Insight Therapy (MERIT), (1) individuals will show improvements in social functioning; (2) individuals will show improvements in metacognitive abilities; and (3) improvements in social functioning will be associated with improved metacognitive abilities. </p>

Thesis advisor: Ellen Winner / Cognitive control, the ability to limit attention to goal-relevant information, subserves higher-order cognitive functions such as reasoning, attention, planning and organization. Counterintuitively, deficits in these functions have proven advantageous in certain contexts: low cognitive control means less filtering of attention, and such unfiltered attention leads to novel solutions in insight problem solving contexts. Insight is the clear and often sudden discernment of a solution to a problem by means that are not obvious, and it plays an indispensable role in creative thinking. This study examined whether insight problem solving is a compensatory advantage for children of low socioeconomic status because of their known deficits in cognitive control. One hundred and forty-eight children ages 4 to 11 years old, each completed two insight problem solving tasks (the Box Problem and the Pencil Problem) and a cognitive control task (the Flanker/Reverse Flanker). In addition, their parents completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, which was used as a measure of their socioeconomic status and child rearing values of obedience versus independence. No association was found between children’s socioeconomic status and their ability to use insight to solve a problem. Results did show that older children exhibited less cognitive flexibility than did to younger children, and that diminished cognitive flexibility correlated with older children’s ability to solve the Box Problem; however, this effect did not hold when age, sex, race, socioeconomic status, and parental report of obedience versus independence, were accounted for. Ultimately, age was the only significant predictor of children’s insight problem solving ability, such that older children were significantly more likely to solve the Box Problem and to arrive at a solution more quickly for the Pencil Problem compared to younger children. Findings from this study are explained using evidence from research on children’s tool innovation showing that young children are poor at inventing tools, and that older children’s ability to use objects for atypical functions may be the result of their greater exposure to and experience with tools. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2021. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Psychology.