Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich im Kern mit der Entstehung und Verhinderung von ETCS-Bremskurvensprüngen an Landesgrenzen und welchen Einfluss die nationalen Werte sowie Baselines auf diese haben. Anhand einer europaweiten Recherche ist eine interaktive Karte mit relevanten Informationen zur ETCS-Ausrüstung entstanden. Level 2 zu Level 2 Übergänge sind demnach am häufigsten verbreitet. Die unterschiedlichen Baselines wirken sich auf die Bremskurvenberechnung aus. Aufgrund der Einführung verbindlicher Berechnungsmethoden erst ab Baseline 3, können zu Baseline 2 nur wenige Aussagen getroffen werden. SRS 3.4.0 und SRS 3.6.0 unterscheiden sich nur marginal in der Pre-Indication bzw. Perturbation Location und der Ankündigungskurve (I). Die nationalen Werte haben hingegen einen großen Einfluss auf die Bremskurvenberechnung, wie die Simulation mit verschiedenen Musterzügen zeigt. Dementsprechend treten an Landesgrenzen Bremskurvensprünge am RBC-Grenzsignal auf, wo die neuen Paramater mittels Paket 3 übertragen werden. Für ein und denselben Grenzübergang können die Sprünge unterschiedlich ausfallen – entweder nach oben oder nach unten. Auch innerhalb einer Bremskurvenschar eines Zuges sind unterschiedliche Bremskurvensprünge möglich. Fallen die Bremskurvensprünge negativ, also nach unten aus, kommt es zu kritischen Situationen. Besonders ein negativer Sprung der Schnellbrems-Einsatzkurve (EBI) ist als sicherheitskritisch anzusehen, da in dem Fall das nationale Sicherheitsniveau verletzt wird. Abhängig vom zeitlichen Horizont werden regulatorische und bauliche Lösungsmöglichkeiten aufgezeigt, um Bremskurvensprünge zu verhindern. Während kurzfristig Lösungen, wie die Einrichtung einer ständigen Langsamfahrstelle oder einer betrieblichen Anordnung für Triebfahrzeugführer empfohlen wird, ist mittelfristig die Aufnahme eines Mindestabstands zwischen RBC-Grenzsignal und Folgesignal in die Planungsrichtlinie sinnvoll. Langfristig hingegen kann durch eine ETCS-Funktionserweiterung die Zwischenspeicherung der neuen nationalen Werte bis zur Änderung des Endes der Fahrterlaubnis oder die Festlegung gesamteuropäischer Werte als Lösung zielführend sein.:1 Einführung 1.1 Motivation 1.2 Zweck der Arbeit 1.3 Abgrenzung der Arbeit 2 Grundlagen 2.1 Erläuterung der ETCS-Brems- und Überwachungskurven 2.1.1 Pre-Indication Location 2.1.2 Perturbation Location 2.1.3 Ankündigungskurve (I) 2.1.4 Führungskurve (GUI) 2.1.5 Sollbremskurve (P) 2.1.6 Warnkurve (W) 2.1.7 Vollbrems-Einsatzkurve (SBI) 2.1.8 Vollbrems-Ablaufkurve (SBD) 2.1.9 Schnellbrems-Einsatzkurve (EBI) 2.1.10 Schnellbrems-Ablaufkurve (EBD) 2.2 Einflussfaktoren auf ETCS-Bremskurven 2.2.1 Allgemeine Zugdaten 2.2.2 Allgemeine Streckendaten 2.2.3 Bremsspezifische Zugdaten 2.2.4 Nationale Werte 2.2.5 Baselines 2.3 ETCS-Bremsmodelle 2.3.1 Lambda-Modell 2.3.2 Gamma-Modell 2.3.3 Vergleich der Bremsmodelle 3 Recherche der ETCS-Systemvarianten in Europa 3.1 Aufbereitung einer interaktiven Karte 3.2 Auswertung der Datenrecherche 4 Simulation von ETCS-Bremskurven 4.1 Methodik 4.1.1 Festlegung der Musterzüge 4.1.2 Festlegung der Musterstrecke 4.1.3 Berechnungsroutine 4.2 Randbedingungen 4.3 Simulation und Vergleich der ETCS-Bremskurven für europäische Länder 4.3.1 Simulation 135 Brh Musterzug 4.3.2 Simulation BTSF3 Güterzug 4.3.3 Simulation schlecht bremsender Güterzug 4.3.4 Simulation typisch bremsender Güterzug 4.3.5 Simulation IC 2 4.3.6 Simulation ICE 4 4.3.7 Vergleich und Auswertung weiterer Besonderheiten 4.4 Simulation der ETCS-Bremskurven an Landesgrenzen 5 Analyse simulierter ETCS-Bremskurven an Landesgrenzen 6 Maßnahmen und Anforderungen an europäische Grenzübergänge 6.1 Regulatorische Lösungsansätze 6.1.1 Zwischenspeicherung der nationalen Werte 6.1.2 Vorbedingung für die Belegung von Blockabschnitten 6.1.3 Anpassung der Bremskurvenberechnung über D_EOASVL 6.1.4 Standort Paket 3 vom RBC-Grenzsignal entkoppeln 6.1.5 Betriebliche Anordnung für Triebfahrzeugführer 6.2 Bauliche Lösungsansätze 6.2.1 Einrichtung einer Langsamfahrstelle 6.2.2 Mindestabstand RBC-Grenzsignal zu Folgesignal 6.3 Empfehlung 6.3.1 Vergleich 6.3.2 Kurzfristige Lösung 6.3.3 Mittelfristige Lösung 6.3.4 Langfristige Lösung 7 Fazit Abkürzungsverzeichnis Abbildungsverzeichnis Tabellenverzeichnis Literaturverzeichnis Erklärung Verzeichnis der Anlagen / This paper deals with the development and prevention of ETCS brake curve steps at national borders and what influence the national values and baselines have on them. Based on a Europe-wide research, an interactive map with relevant information on ETCS equipment has been created. Level 2 to Level 2 transitions are the most common. The different baselines influence the brake curve calculation. Due to the introduction of binding calculation methods only from baseline 3, only few statements can be made about baseline 2. SRS 3.4.0 and SRS 3.6.0 differ only marginally in the pre-indication or perturbation location and the indication curve (I). The national values, however, have a major influence on the brake curve calculation, as the simulation with different model trains shows. Accordingly, at national borders, braking curve jumps occur at the RBC border signal, where the new parameters are transmitted by means of packet 3. For the same border crossing, the jumps can be different - either upwards or downwards. Different brake curve steps are also possible within a train's brake curve group. If the brake curve steps are negative, i.e. downwards, critical situations arise. Especially a negative jump of the emergency brake intervention curve (EBI) is to be regarded as safety-critical, as in this case the national safety level is violated. Depending on the time horizon, regulatory and structural solution options are identified to prevent brake curve steps. While in the short term solutions such as the installation of a permanent slow speed section or an operational arrangement for train drivers are recommended, in the medium term the inclusion of a minimum distance between the RBC border signal and the following signal in the planning guideline makes sense. In the long term, on the alternative, the temporary storage of the new national values until the end of authority is changed due to an ETCS function extension or the definition of pan-European values as a solution may be expedient.:1 Einführung 1.1 Motivation 1.2 Zweck der Arbeit 1.3 Abgrenzung der Arbeit 2 Grundlagen 2.1 Erläuterung der ETCS-Brems- und Überwachungskurven 2.1.1 Pre-Indication Location 2.1.2 Perturbation Location 2.1.3 Ankündigungskurve (I) 2.1.4 Führungskurve (GUI) 2.1.5 Sollbremskurve (P) 2.1.6 Warnkurve (W) 2.1.7 Vollbrems-Einsatzkurve (SBI) 2.1.8 Vollbrems-Ablaufkurve (SBD) 2.1.9 Schnellbrems-Einsatzkurve (EBI) 2.1.10 Schnellbrems-Ablaufkurve (EBD) 2.2 Einflussfaktoren auf ETCS-Bremskurven 2.2.1 Allgemeine Zugdaten 2.2.2 Allgemeine Streckendaten 2.2.3 Bremsspezifische Zugdaten 2.2.4 Nationale Werte 2.2.5 Baselines 2.3 ETCS-Bremsmodelle 2.3.1 Lambda-Modell 2.3.2 Gamma-Modell 2.3.3 Vergleich der Bremsmodelle 3 Recherche der ETCS-Systemvarianten in Europa 3.1 Aufbereitung einer interaktiven Karte 3.2 Auswertung der Datenrecherche 4 Simulation von ETCS-Bremskurven 4.1 Methodik 4.1.1 Festlegung der Musterzüge 4.1.2 Festlegung der Musterstrecke 4.1.3 Berechnungsroutine 4.2 Randbedingungen 4.3 Simulation und Vergleich der ETCS-Bremskurven für europäische Länder 4.3.1 Simulation 135 Brh Musterzug 4.3.2 Simulation BTSF3 Güterzug 4.3.3 Simulation schlecht bremsender Güterzug 4.3.4 Simulation typisch bremsender Güterzug 4.3.5 Simulation IC 2 4.3.6 Simulation ICE 4 4.3.7 Vergleich und Auswertung weiterer Besonderheiten 4.4 Simulation der ETCS-Bremskurven an Landesgrenzen 5 Analyse simulierter ETCS-Bremskurven an Landesgrenzen 6 Maßnahmen und Anforderungen an europäische Grenzübergänge 6.1 Regulatorische Lösungsansätze 6.1.1 Zwischenspeicherung der nationalen Werte 6.1.2 Vorbedingung für die Belegung von Blockabschnitten 6.1.3 Anpassung der Bremskurvenberechnung über D_EOASVL 6.1.4 Standort Paket 3 vom RBC-Grenzsignal entkoppeln 6.1.5 Betriebliche Anordnung für Triebfahrzeugführer 6.2 Bauliche Lösungsansätze 6.2.1 Einrichtung einer Langsamfahrstelle 6.2.2 Mindestabstand RBC-Grenzsignal zu Folgesignal 6.3 Empfehlung 6.3.1 Vergleich 6.3.2 Kurzfristige Lösung 6.3.3 Mittelfristige Lösung 6.3.4 Langfristige Lösung 7 Fazit Abkürzungsverzeichnis Abbildungsverzeichnis Tabellenverzeichnis Literaturverzeichnis Erklärung Verzeichnis der Anlagen

E-government, electronic Public Administration, has led to streamlined work processes within and between government departments. As theories of administration and management seek to improve processes, electronic administration seeks to improve electronic processes in an effort to provide efficient services. The unique contribution of this study on Public Administration and the related e-government initiatives of the Government Employees Pension Fund is that none of this research has been documented before. Whilst e-government is not new, its application to the Government Employees Pension Fund is novel. E-government espouses integrated partnerships between governments and e-citizens by creating an understanding of electronic relationships between and within organisations. The thesis considers electronic Public Administrative service delivery in the Government Employees Pension Fund as it relates to civil pensions administration. Successful e-government needs a critical mass of users that is central to ensuring its sustainable and successful utilisation. If a critical mass of users is not ensured then e-government initiatives will not be successful. Attempts by the Government Employees Pension Fund to develop a customer relationship management approach are assessed. Sustainable and successful e-service delivery is about providing multi-nodal access to clients. An interactive web site, amongst others, will allow clients to access services remotely. Seamless government is developed around customers’ needs and is outward looking since it provides a single access point for all services offered by government. Gaining access to information and communications technologies is a challenge that many face, hence the digital divide is a stymieing factor in providing seamless, successful e-government services. Not all e-government initiatives are successful. Information and communications technology initiatives are not always implemented according to planned timelines and budgets. The case of the Government Employees Pension Fund proved to be no different given that not all the e-government initiatives embarked upon were successful. / Thesis (PhD (Public Affairs))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / School of Public Management and Administration (SPMA) / unrestricted

Orientador: Walter Moreira / Resumo: O controle de vocabulário em periódicos científicos eletrônicos tem como finalidade minimizar ou extinguir a ambiguidade da linguagem natural para proporcionar uma linguagem artificial com vista a organização, representação e recuperação da informação. Os vocabulários controlados originados nos periódicos científicos eletrônicos deste estudo de caso são disponibilizados por meio da ferramenta VCPC Tools, e constituídos independentes, o que instiga a necessidade de mapear e torná-los interoperáveis. A contribuição pretendida com a realização deste estudo é a ampliação das condições de realizar inferências sobre a interoperabilidade entre Sistemas de Organização do Conhecimento e aplicá-las em periódicos científicos eletrônicos gerenciados pelo OJS que já fazem uso de vocabulário controlado. Busca-se responder a questão: como recuperar a informação em periódicos científicos eletrônicos por meio de vocabulários controlados mapeados a partir das palavras-chave em um modelo de interoperabilidade? Partiu-se da hipótese inicial de que os vocabulários controlados aplicados a periódicos científicos eletrônicos, gerenciados pelo OJS, podem ser considerados um instrumento interoperável para melhorar os processos de busca e recuperação dos artigos, bem como subsidiar os autores (no momento de atribuir) e os usuários na operação de encontrar, na consulta por meio de termos que representem, de modo mais eficaz, a sua pesquisa. Defende-se a tese de que o controle de vocabulário interoperáve... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Vocabulary control in electronic scientific journals aims to minimize or extinguish the ambiguity of natural language, in order to provide an artificial language heading towards organizing, representing and retrieving information. The controlled vocabularies originated in the electronic scientific journals, in this case study, are made available through VCPC Tools, as independently set device, which instigates the need to map and make them interoperable. The intended contribution, with the accomplishment of this study, is to widely enable users to make inferences about the interoperability between SOCs – Knowledge Organization Systems, and to apply them in electronic scientific journals managed by the OJS – Open Journal Systems, that already utilize controlled vocabulary. The question to be answered is: how to retrieve information in electronic scientific journals through controlled vocabularies mapped from keywords in an interoperability model? The initial hypothesis is that the controlled vocabularies when applied to electronic scientific journals, managed by the OJS, can be considered as an interoperable instrument to improve the processes of searching and retrieving articles, and constitute the basis for the authors (when assigning keywords) and for users (in the operation of finding) to properly search, through more effective terms and refined access. The thesis being held is that interoperable controlled vocabulary, in a context of a huge amount of scientific production... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

El Gobierno Peruano con su labor de implementar una alta tecnología integrada a la Gestión Pública, crea oportunamente el Gobierno Digital o también llamado Gobierno Electrónico, que puede ser entendido como la innovación del Estado mediante el aprovechamiento de la Tecnología de la Información y la Comunicación. No se trata solamente de ofrecer un servicio gubernamental digital, sino que permita mejorar los procedimientos administrativos públicos, con el fin de otorgar un mejor servicio al ciudadano. El presente estudio tiene por finalidad analizar si la Tecnología de la Información y la Comunicación se ha implementado correctamente en la Administración Pública del OSINFOR, en el año 2019; teniendo en consideración la percepción de sus trabajadores. Esta tesis se realizó bajo el enfoque mixto con un tipo de investigación descriptiva y nivel correlacional. El diseño de investigación fue no experimental y el muestreo fue probabilístico. Para el enfoque cualitativo, se empleó entrevistas no estructuradas a expertos. Asimismo, en el enfoque cuantitativo, se elaboró una encuesta tipo escala de Likert para medir la percepción con respecto a sus variables. Finalmente, se presentaron las conclusiones y recomendaciones basadas en el análisis con respecto a la implementación de la Tecnología de la Información y la Comunicación en la Administración Pública del OSINFOR. Además, se identificaron las oportunidades de mejora de dicha entidad y la importancia de la gestión del cambio, de tal forma que se establezca un precedente que sea útil para otras organizaciones del sector público. / The Peruvian Government, with its work of implementing high technology integrated into Public Management, opportunely creates the Digital Government or also called Electronic Government, which can be understood as the innovation of the State through the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT). It is not only about offering a digital government service, but also that it improves public administrative procedures, in order to provide a better service to the citizen. The purpose of this study is analyze whether the Information and Communication Technology has been correctly implemented in the OSINFOR Public Administration, in 2019; taking into account the perception of its workers. This thesis was carried out under the mixed approach with a type of descriptive research and correlational level. The research design was non-experimental and the sampling was probabilistic. For the qualitative approach, unstructured interviews with experts were used. Likewise, in the quantitative approach, a Likert scale survey was developed to measure perception regarding its variables. Finally, the conclusions and recommendations based on the analysis regarding the implementation of Information and Communication Technology in OSINFOR Public Administration of OSINFOR were presented. In addition, the opportunities for improvement of said entity and the importance of change management were identified, so that a precedent is established that is useful for other public sector organizations. / Tesis

The thesis aims to explore and describe the relationships between scientific results and research projects, both in general and in three given sources: the National Repository of Grey Literature (NUSL) in the Czech Republic, the Czech Research, Development and Innovation Information System (IS VaVaI) and OpenAIRE. The theoretical part presents relationships between results and projects in the field of research information in the Czech Republic and the EU, as well as the Levels of Conceptual Interoperability Model (LCIM) and its application to the relationships between results and projects. Furthermore, the thesis examines the analyzed resources in terms of acquisition, technical processing and interoperability of links between results and projects. The research part quantifies the presence of these links in the given sources, examines the multiplicity of the links to projects, and a possible dependence of the occurrence and quantity of these links on language and type of the research results.

The interlinking of enriched BIM data to Building Energy Performance Simulation (BEPS) models facilitates the data flow throughout the building life cycle. This seamless data transfer from BIM to BEPS models increases design efficiency. To investigate the interoperability between these models, this paper analyses different data transfer methodologies along with input data requirements for the simulation process. Based on the analysed knowledge, a methodology is adopted and demonstrated to identify the quality of the data transfer process. Furthermore, discussions are provided on identified efficiency gaps and future work.:Abstract Introduction and background Methodology Methodology demonstration Creation and export of BIM data Verification of OpenBIM meta-data BEPS model generation and validation Import statics Model Geometry and Orientation Construction details Thermal Profile Results and discussion Summary and future work References

No description available.

A well-structured and coordinated information management practice is central to promoting efficiency in construction. Building information management encompasses authoring, interpretation, communication, coordination and storage of building information. The benefits envisioned by utilizing IT developments such as Building Information Modelling (BIM) in the facility management and operations (FM&amp;O) sector are estimated to be far greater than in other sectors. There is, however, a gap between the knowledge available in the field of building information management and the actual demands of the architectural, engineering, construction and operation (AECO) industry, especially the FM&amp;O sector. The overall aim of this qualitative research is to develop knowledge that conceptualizes the lifecycle supporting implementation of BIM in the AECO industry with a focus on its implications for a BIM-enabled FM&amp;O practice. This applied research comprises a number of summative and formative components: paper 1 investigates the existing and emerging information management systems for the FM&amp;O sector and their characteristics. The focus of paper 2 is narrowed down to the technical requirements on building information management systems; while its temporal scope spans the entire lifecycle of buildings. Paper 3 is a further elaboration on the findings of paper 1 and covers the technical requirements of BIM-implementation in the FM&amp;O sector. Paper 4 investigates workflows – another category of the issues identified in paper 1. Paper 1 aims to provide a general understanding of the importance and implications of implementing BIM-enabled systems in the FM&amp;O sector and also identifies the main categories of the issues associated with this approach. This literary paper reports on a basic research with a descriptive approach and builds upon the information from a non-exhaustive set of literature. In this paper, workflows, contracts and information technology have been identified as three categories of the issues associated with implementing BIM-enabled systems in the FM&amp;O sector. Paper 2 is also a literary research which draws on the notion of BIM repositories and aims to clarify the technical requirements for a more collaborative building industry as well as depicting the current status of building knowledge management technologies, recent trends and future prospects. Open format BIM repositories have been suggested as the cornerstones of an integrated information management system for AECO firms. The aim of paper 3 is twofold: firstly, to summarize the current status of the building information management technologies applied in the facility operation activities and identifying prevailing issues; secondly, to devise some technical solutions for those issues based on a case project. In the first part of this study, a summarized description of information management configurations in eleven projects were extracted from literature and the technical issues within those systems were identified. Moreover, five major categories of contemporary technical solutions for enhancing information transfer from BIM to FM&amp;O software were designated. Then, a narrative and illustrative representation and reconstruction of an IT-implementation project was developed. Paper 4 is another literary study which aims to provide the theoretical basis for more focused studies on existing and desired processes in the FM&amp;O sector and their associated information transactions. In this paper, firstly, the more common definitions of the key concepts have been revisited and discussed. Then, the generic types of the processes, activities and organizational roles common to FM&amp;O firms, the types of information required by each actor and how such information are acquired have been presented. / <p>QC 20150423</p>

Digitalization is changing most organizations and businesses in order to increase efficiency and improve safety. Within healthcare, different departments have specialized needs and therefore a myriad of different systems have been created, which has compromised interoperability. openEHR is a potential solution to this issue. It facilitates standardization of both data and clinical models which provides interoperability. This paper discusses the task of evaluating a new formbuilder based on openEHR, and the process of developing in this formbuilder. The perspectives of onboarding and information infrastructure are used in order to give insight into the challenges of such a new system. An autoethnographic method was conducted, which found three themes in the data: the formbuilder’s maturity, the uncertainties regarding the task and what sources of knowledge were used to complete the task. In the analysis, it was found that the formbuilder was in a deficiency of functionality, that the task’s objectives were often modified due to uncertainty and also the role of knowledge sources such as documentation and mentors was highlighted. In the discussion, a challenge found was having to gain users without functionality, but still provide enough functionality to show the formbuilder’s potential. A relationship between openEHR and the formbuilder was found, where the formbuilder has a potential to contribute with a positive network effect as new products adopt openEHR standards and gain users to their coherent solutions. The paper concludes that the onboarding process is resource-intense and it is important to facilitate learning as efficiently as possible in order to gain users. In the scope of the task, both onboarding and information infrastructure gave answers about the challenges of a system in a bootstrap phase, and worked well together in order to evaluate the formbuilder. / Digitaliseringen påverkar de flesta organisationer att öka sin effektivitet och förbättra dess säkerhet. Inom sjukvården har olika avdelningar specialiserade behov och därav har mängder av olika system skapats, vilket i sin tur påverkat deras interoperabilitet. openEHR är en potentiell lösning på det problemet. Det främjar standardisering av både data och kliniska modeller vilket leder till interoperabilitet. Denna uppsats diskuterar uppgiften av att utvärdera en ny formulärbyggare baserad på openEHR och processen av att utveckla inom formulärbyggaren. Onboarding och informations infrastruktur är två koncept som används för att ge insikter i utmaningarna som ett sådant system befinner sig i. En autoetnografisk metod användes, där tre teman identifierades i datan: formulärbyggarens mognad, osäkerheten kring uppgiften och kunskapskällorna som användes för att sluföra uppgiften. I analysen upptäcktes att formulärbyggaren saknade funktionalitet, att uppgiften ofta blev omskriven på grund av oklarheter och även kunskapskällor som dokumentation och mentorers roll belystes. I diskussionen påvisades att en utmaning var att få fler användare utan funktionalitet, men fortfarande ha tillräckligt för att påvisa systemets potential. En relation mellan openEHR och formulärbyggaren upptäcktes, där formulärbyggaren har en potential att bidra med positiva nätverkseffekter när nya produkter antar openEHR standarden och genererar användare till deras sammanhängande lösningar. Uppsatsen konstaterar att onboarding kräver mycket resurser och att det därför är viktigt att främja lärande så effektivt som möjligt för att locka användare. Inom ramen av uppgiften gav både onboarding och information infrastruktur svar om utmaningarna för ett nytt system i bootstrap fasen, och dessa koncept fungerade bra för att tillsammans utvärdera formulärbyggaren.

Cloud computing brought flexibility, scalability, and capital cost savings to the IT industry. As more companies turn to cloud solutions, securing cloud based services becomes increasingly important, because for many organizations, the final barrier to adopting cloud computing is whether it is sufficiently secure. More users rely on cloud storage as it is mainly because cloud storage is available to be used by multiple devices (e.g. smart phones, tablets, notebooks, etc.) at the same time. These services often offer adequate protection to user's private data. However, there were cases where user's private data was accessible to other users, since this data is stored in a multi-tenant environment. These incidents reduce the trust of cloud storage service providers, hence there is a need to securely migrate data from one cloud storage provider to another. This thesis proposes a design of a service for providing Security as a Service for cloud brokers in a federated cloud. This scheme allows customers to securely migrate from one provider to another. To enable the design of this scheme, possible security and privacy risks of a cloud storage service were analysed and identified. Moreover, in order to successfully protect private data, data protection requirements (for data retention, sanitization, and processing) were analysed. The proposed service scheme utilizes various encryption techniques and also includes identity and key management mechanisms, such as "federated identity management". While our proposed design meets most of the defined security and privacy requirements, it is still unknown how to properly handle data sanitization, to meet data protection requirements, and provide users data recovery capabilities (backups, versioning, etc.). / Cloud computing erbjuder flexibilitet, skalbarhet, och kapital kostnadsbesparingar till IT-industrin. Eftersom fler företag vänder sig till moln lösningar, trygga molntjänster blir allt viktigare, eftersom det för många organisationer, det slutliga hindret att anta cloud computing är om det är tillräckligt säkert. Fler användare förlita sig påmoln lagring som det är främst pågrund moln lagring är tillgängligt att användas av flera enheter (t.ex. smarta telefoner, tabletter, bärbara datorer, etc.) påsamtidigt. Dessa tjänster erbjuder ofta tillräckligt skydd för användarens privata data. Men det fanns fall där användarens privata uppgifter var tillgängliga för andra användare, eftersom denna data lagras i en flera hyresgäster miljö. Dessa händelser minskar förtroende molnleverantörer lagring tjänsteleverantörer, därför finns det ett behov av att säkert migrera data från en moln lagring till en annan. Denna avhandling föreslår en utformning av en tjänst för att erbjuda säkerhet som tjänst för molnmäklare i en federativ moln. Detta system gör det möjligt för kunderna att säkert flytta från en leverantör till en annan. För att möjliggöra utformningen av detta system, möjliga säkerhet och risker integritet av ett moln lagring tjänst har analyserats och identifierats. Dessutom att man framgångsrikt skydda privata uppgifter, dataskydd krav (för data retention, sanering och bearbetning) analyserades. Den föreslagna tjänsten systemet utnyttjar olika krypteringsteknik och även inkluderar identitet och nyckelhantering mekanismer, såsom "federerad identitetshantering". Även om vår föreslagna utformningen uppfyller de flesta av den definierade säkerhet och integritet krav, är det fortfarande okänt hur korrekt hantera data sanering, för att uppfyller kraven för dataskydd och ge användarna data recovery kapacitet (säkerhetskopior, versionshantering osv.)