Les systèmes complexes ferroviaires étant de plus en plus contraints par des autorités de décision placées à un haut niveau d'abstraction, il devient problématique d'imposer des critères à une autre échelle que fonctionnelle. Ainsi, dès lors que l'on descend plus bas, nous sommes confrontés à des spécificités des systèmes nationaux qui font perdre la généralité du travail des décisionnaires Européens. Le problème est qu'à chaque niveau d'abstraction, des méthodes d'évaluation du risque existent, mais sans être compatibles entre elles. Par ailleurs, la combinaison des couches et la vision fonctionnelle du système ne prennent pas en compte l'impact des fonctions les unes sur les autres, ni le lien entre le niveau global et les composants afin d'allouer la sécurité.Nous proposons donc une démarche harmonisée d'évaluation du risque, capable de répartir les contraintes définies au niveau fonctionnel abstrait sur les entités qui implémentent les systèmes avec leurs spécificités.Notre contribution est méthodologique. Elle part d'un modèle fonctionnel du système ferroviaire constitué en couches. Le but étant de représenter ce système sans dépendance entre les fonctions, il a fallu les traduire indépendamment des autres en faisant apparaître les entrées/sorties comme des places/transitions d'un réseau de Petri. A chaque couche de la décomposition correspond une classe de réseau de Petri. Ainsi, à la couche structurelle, nous associons les réseaux de Petri Temporels; à la couche fonctionnelle les réseaux de Petri stochastiques et à la couche logique les réseaux de Petri Prédicats Transitions / The railway systems are being more and more forced by decision authorities. As they are placed at a high level of abstraction, it becomes problematic to impose another criterion or scale. In fact, since we come down lower, we are confronted with specificities of the national systems which make lose the majority of the work of the European decision-makers. The issue is that, at every level of abstraction, risk assessment methods exist, but without being compatible. Besides, the combination of layers and the functional vision of the railway system do not take into account the impact of some functions on the others, nor the link between the global level of risk and the components to assign the safety.Thus, we propose a harmonized approach for risk assessment. This approach allows us to distribute the constraints defined at the abstract functional level on the entities which implement both the systems and their specificities.Our contribution is methodological. It leaves a functional model of the layered railway system. The purpose is to represent this system without any dependencies between the functions. For instance, it was necessary to translate them independently by creating entrances/exits as places/transitions of a Petri net. A Petri net class corresponds to each layer. To the structural layer, we associate the time Petri net; to the functional layer, the stochastic Petri nets and to the logical layer, the predicate transitions nets

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:47:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AndreGDA.pdf: 982503 bytes, checksum: 1c9c31b9670edd5ef9e3e725bb8f680b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-12 / This work presents a proposal of a multi-middleware environment to develop distributed applications, which abstracts different underlying middleware platforms. This work describes: (i) the reference architecture designed for the environment, (ii) an implementation which aims to validate the specified architecture integrating CORBA and EJB, (iii) a case study illustrating the use of the environment, (iv) a performance analysis. The proposed environment allows interoperability on middleware platforms, allowing the reuse of components of different kinds of middleware platforms in a transparency away to the developer and without major losses in performance. Also in the implementation we developed an Eclipse plugin which allows developers gain greater productivity at developing distributed applications using the proposed environment / Este trabalho apresenta a proposta de um ambiente multi-middleware para desenvolvimento de aplica??es distribu?das, o qual abstrai diferentes plataformas de middleware subjacentes. O trabalho descreve: (i) a arquitetura de refer?ncia especificada para o ambiente, (ii) uma implementa??o que valida tal arquitetura integrando CORBA e EJB, (iii) um estudo de caso ilustrando o uso do ambiente, (iv) a an?lise de desempenho. O ambiente proposto permite alcan?ar interoperabilidade de plataformas de middleware, promovendo o reuso de componentes de diferentes plataformas de forma transparente para o desenvolvedor e sem perdas expressivas em termos de desempenho. Na implementa??o desenvolvemos um plugin para IDE Eclipse que permite que os eventuais desenvolvedores obtenham maior produtividade ao desenvolver aplica??es usando o ambiente

The growth of Web technologies has benefited researchers and the academic community by supporting the access of electronic publications as soon as they have been finished and published. In this context, Digital Libraries emerges as complex information systems which are essential for disseminating and preserving data, information and knowledge. However, due to the high amount of content available on the Web, specially in Digital Libraries, users face many correlated options, what result in the phenomenon known as information overload. Aiming to decrease or even eliminate these diffculties, recommender systems for Digital Libraries have been proposed and developed. This work presents a personalized recommender system which presents alternative ways to achieve better query results. For this, the main existing approaches of automatic recommendation have been studied in order to identify extension points and points to be improved. The proposed recommender system follows a hybrid approach which combines filtering techniques, content-based recommendation and collaborative recommendation. A hybrid recommendation engine has been proposed, which uses standard technologies for content description (Dublin Core), for communication with Digital Libraries (OAI-PMH Protocol ), as well as the user profile extracted from the curriculum vitae Lattes. The proposed solution has been evaluated in the context of the CiteSeer database, which contains papers and articles in the Dublin Core format. The preliminary results has showed an improvement in the quality of recommendation, thus presenting a better precision and coverage, when compared with existing approaches based either on content-based recommendation or on collaborative recommendation / O crescimento acelerado das tecnologias Web tem beneficiado pesquisadores e acadêmicos, pois as publicações de pesquisa podem ser acessadas eletronicamente tão logo elas tenham sido finalizadas e publicadas. Nesse contexto, surgem as Bibliotecas Digitais como um sistema de informação complexo que possui uma série de atividades que integram coleções, serviços e pessoas em suporte ao completo ciclo de criação, disseminação, acesso e preservação de dados, informação e conhecimento. No entanto, devido a enorme quantidade de conteúdo presente na Web, em particular nas Bibliotecas Digitais, usuários acabam se deparando com uma diversidade muito grande de opções, o que leva ao fenômeno conhecido como sobrecarga de informação. Com o objetivo de contribuir para amenizar ou até mesmo eliminar essas dificuldades, sistemas de recomendação para Bibliotecas Digitais têm sido propostos e desenvolvidos. Este trabalho segue essa direção, investigando soluções alternativas para alcançar mais qualidade nas indicações geradas por um sistema de recomendação na sua tarefa de ajudar os seus usuários. Para isso estudou-se as abordagens tratadas na literatura especializada sobre tais sistemas, propondo-se em seguida, um sistema de recomendação personalizada de artigos científicos para Bibliotecas Digitais. Tal sistema seguiu uma abordagem híbrida, procurando tirar proveito das características interessantes identificadas nas técnicas de filtragem e recomendação baseadas em conteúdo e colaborativa. Nesse sentido desenvolveu-se um engenho de recomendação híbrido que se utiliza de tecnologias padrão para a descrição de conteúdo (Padrão Dublin Core), comunicação com Bibliotecas Digitais (Protocolo OAI-PMH) e perfil do pesquisador (Currículo Lattes). Finalmente, avaliou-se o sistema proposto sobre uma base de dados do CiteSeer contendo artigos no formato Dublin Core, tendo os resultados preliminares mostrado-se satisfatórios melhorando a precisão na recomendação e a cobertura quando comparado com sistemas que implementam abordagens baseada em conteúdo e colaborativa isoladamente

In today's highly competitive global economy, information resources representing enterprise-wide information are essential to the survival of an organization. The development of and increase in the use of personal computers and data communication networks are supporting or, in many cases, replacing the traditional computer mainstay of corporations. The client/server model incorporates mainframe programming with desktop applications on personal computers. The aim of the research is to compile a technology model for the development of client/server software. A comprehensive overview of the individual components of the client/server system is given. The different methodologies, tools and techniques that can be used are reviewed, as well as client/server-specific design issues. The research is intended to create a road map in the form of a Technology Reference Model for Client/Server Software Development. / Computing / M. Sc. (Information Systems)

A presente tese em por objetivo ilustrar como se dá o modelo conjunto - uma estrutura que compreende institucionalização, educação militar conjunta, assim como operações conjuntas, de modo a engajar as três forças singulares – por meio de uma abordagem híbrida, composta tanto pela discussão teórica e empírica quanto pela possibilidade de aplicação. Tomando por exemplo o caso britânico, o qual apresenta pioneirismo especialmente na educação militar conjunta, a construção da abordagem utilizada na presente tese perpassa por uma revisão compreensiva das abordagens sobre mudança organizacional e inovação militar, buscando demonstrar os limites das abordagens lineares e propondo uma abordagem sistêmica, demonstrando seu potencial de análise na visualização do processo de jointery e do modelo conjunto per se. Neste sentido, a teoria complexa e a estrutura de fractais são apresentadas como alternativa e, por meio de estudo de caso e process-tracing, buscou-se iluminar os parâmetros gerais para o estabelecimento do modelo conjunto dentro do espectro da Gestão de Defesa, tendo como produto um mecanismo de diagnóstico dos desafios nesta seara aplicável ao caso brasileiro. A tese de divide em cinco capítulos, os quais podem ser separados em ambientação, estudo de caso e aplicação da abordagem teórica inferida. Na ambientação, apresentam-se os antecedentes das operações conjuntas em termos de emprego, formação e suas respectivas intermitências, além de um quadro analítico prévio a respeito do Brasil em termos geopolíticos e de prospecção. No estudo de caso, aprofundam-se as análises acerca do caso britânico e dos fundamentos do jointery em sua raiz institucional, conduzindo às forças motrizes do processo e aos parâmetros gerais. Por fim, aplica-se o quadro diagnóstico ao caso brasileiro em termos de inferência de lições a serem aprendidas no recente laboratório de experiências instaurado nesta seara e, especialmente, como meio de condução ao princípio apregoado para esta modalidade de operações, o da interoperabilidade, demonstrando os desafios de gestão que se apresentam para este objetivo. Logo, visando agregar ao debate corrente de Estudos Estratégicos Internacionais e de Estudos de Segurança e Defesa uma perspectiva diferenciada em termos de abordagem teórica e análise ao elencar uma abordagem híbrida visando diagnosticar os desafios de gestão correntes e propondo uma agenda de pesquisas para as operações conjuntas no Brasil, questão recente e passível de amplo debate. / This thesis aims to offer illustrations about the joint model - a structure which abridges institutionalisation, joint military education, as well as joint operations, engaging all the single services – by means of a hybrid approach composed by the theoretical and empirical discussions as well as applicability. Taking the British case for study due to its pioneering spirit, particularly concerning joint professional military education, the approach built in this thesis includes a comprehensive review of organizational change and military innovation approaches aiming to demonstrate the limits of the linear approaches while proposing a systemic one, presenting its analysis potential to observe the jointery process and the joint model as a whole. In this sense, the complexity theory and the fractals structure posit as an alternative, as it was aimed to enlighten the ground parameters for the establishment of a joint model through case study and process-tracing within the scope of Defence Management. The product was a diagnosis mechanism capable to check the challenges in this area concerning the Brazilian case. This thesis was divided in five chapters, which by their turn can be separated in ambiance, case study and application of the inferred approach. The background of the joint operations regarding deployment, education and their intermittences are presented in the ambiance, besides a brief analytical framework presenting Brazil by means of geopolitical and prospective analyses. The analyses regarding United Kingdom and the institutional grounds of the jointery process are presented as the case study, also including the driving forces of the process and the ground parameters as well. As a final part, a diagnostic framework inferred from the proposed approach is applied to the Brazilian case. It was determined upon the case study and the process tracing, presenting lessons to be learned within the recent experiences lab installed in joint operations area, particularly regarding the much-vaunted principle of interoperability as management challenges are posited to reach such objective. Therefore, the present thesis aims to gather a different perspective to the current debate of International Strategic Studies and of Defence and Security Studies in Brazil by offering a hybrid approach aiming to present the current management challenges in the search of a joint model as well as proposing a research agenda for the joint operations in Brazil, a recent issue capable to instigate a broad discussion.

Due to the increasing number of threats, which daily affect and endanger human lives and health, is proportionally increasing the need for their protection. The society is characterized by its development, adjustment and by effort to improve all areas of life priorities are especially life and health. Cooperation and the need for it in fighting different events have resulted in urge for a collective legislative protection. Integrated rescue system cannot be understood as a firm institution, instead as an expression of rules of cooperation, and as a tool for cooperation and coordination of its bodies. Emergency events which stroked Czech Republic, whether it was a serious floods, windstorms, mass road accidents or disruption of public order, putted emergency preparedness of Integrated rescue service bodies to the test and brought the attention to the problematic areas in overcoming those events. Primary part in response to a request for assistance play Operational center of Integrated rescue service main bodies. Emergency call is one of the fundamental element of being notified of the emergency situation and requesting the assistance from IRS bodies. Through this service is provided protection of basic human rights: protection of life and health, acceptable environment and asset protection . In the beginning of the theoretical part of the thesis are specified IRS terms and operational management issues on a level of IRS operational centers. Further is mentioned system of receiving emergency calls and historical development of emergency call centers of 112. The next chapter describes how to ensure interoperability in the operational management of IRS. The main objective of the thesis is to show the importance and benefits of implementation of the Project of the IRS information systems and in the same time point out the resulting quality of services provided to the population. Also the evaluation was conducted of the environment in receiving the emergency call and communication of IRS before and after the implementation of the Project. The practical part is further supplemented by surveys of tables, graphs and photos that inform about the current technical state of operations centers and an overview of cooperation of the Integrated rescue system. The obtained results were processed in SWOT analysis, which clearly describing the status of operational management before and after the introduction of information centers of IRS. Surveyed group of operational centers of IRS main bodies was limited to the environment of the Integrated rescue system in the South Bohemian Region. The results show that the introduction of the Project of the IRS information systems within the IRS Integrated Operational Programe is to improve cooperation between operational centers of the IRS main bodies and at the same time increase the standard of services provided to the population. The results will be beneficial as information material for each body of the IRS, it can serve as a tool increasing awareness among the public about emergency calls. The thesis will be used as study material and also for internal use of Fire and Rescue Service of the Czech Republic.

Atualmente o Brasil conta com um volume imenso de dados sobre o território nacional. Entretanto, grande parte dos dados existentes encontra-se dispersa, fragmentada, sem compatibilização cartográfica e, em alguns casos, duplicada em vários locais. O grande desafio é compartilhar dados geograficamente dispersos e comunicar conceitos importantes entre departamentos dentro da organização ou entre organizações diferentes usando, para isso, tecnologias de informação. Assim, esse trabalho tem como objetivo geral contribuir para o desenvolvimento de uma infra-estrutura para informação geográfica, que possa ser amplamente disseminada via Internet através de Web Services e que atenda os requisitos de interoperabilidade, de modo que diversos usuários possam usufruir dos dados disponíveis, integrando-os quando necessários. Este trabalho incidirá inicialmente nas necessidades de informação geográfica para o Zoneamento Ecológico e Econômico do Brasil. Entretanto, como se trata de um sistema de infra-estrutura de dados espaciais poderá, então, agregar dados para qualquer trabalho que envolva a informação espacial. / Currently Brazil has available an immense volume of data on its domestic territory. However, great part of the existing data is dispersed, fragmented, without cartographic compatibility, and, in some cases, duplicated in several places. The great challenge is to share these geographically dispersed data and to provide communication of important concepts between departments of the same organization or even between different organizations. For reaching this, the use of information technologies becomes necessary. The present work has for objective to contribute to develop a infrastructure for geographic information, that can be widely disseminated by the Internet through Web Services and that meets the requirements for interoperability so that several users may have the data available, integrating them when necessary. This work will focus initially on the need for geographic information to the Ecological and Economical Zoning of Brazil. However, as it is a system of infrastructure for spatial data can then add data to any work involving the spatial information.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The Autodesk Revit software has been increasingly used in architecture due to the advantages brought about by the incorporation of BIM technology, which combines all the information representing a real building into a single virtual model. However, its capabilities have not yet been fully explored, such as in building simulations, for which Revit lacks detailed thermal analytical features. Thus, this study aims to examine the reliability of the interoperability between Autodesk Revit 2016 and EnergyPlus 8.4.0 by using Revit models for thermal simulations in EnergyPlus, one of the most commonly used tools for this purpose. The methodology consists of case studies targeting building models based on Case 600, from ASHRAE Standard 140, and Casa Eficiente Project, located in the city of Florianópolis, Brazil. The digital models of both buildings were produced in Revit with different modelling processes (conceptual mass or building elements with rooms or spaces) and software settings. All of these BIM models were exported in IFC, gbXML and IDF file formats and later converted through the use of additional tools in order to be opened in EnergyPlus. Such files were compared with the reference model of each building produced directly in EnergyPlus, using SketchUp containing the plug-in Legacy OpenStudio, in order to check for any distortions occurring in the process of data transfer when performing model exports and conversions. This comparison was based on parameters defined for geometry, simulation settings (materials thermal properties, building use and occupation etc.) and simulation results containing outputs of monthly internal temperatures for the thermal zones of each model. The results showed variations and similarities among the different types of modelling, export processes, and file formats used, revealing that distortions in data transfer become larger the more complex the building model is. This study points out conceptual mass models from gbXML files regardless of the export mode out of Revit as a viable alternative to be used in conjunction with EnergyPlus, as they preserve the geometrical accuracy of the building, even as some Revit default settings may be transferred over, thus failing to reflect some of the aspects of the real built environment. However, it was found that Revit models in general are not recommended for these types of exports due to the resulting rework needed for correcting files. It was concluded that the interoperability between Autodesk Revit and EnergyPlus is not perfect, as their combined use allows for data transfers that make possible the thermal simulation of buildings, however, in this exchange there are distortions in the exported geometries and lack of the necessary data for correct simulation in all exported models. / O programa computacional Autodesk Revit tem seu uso crescente na prática de projetos de arquitetura devido às vantagens pela incorporação da tecnologia BIM, a qual reúne todas as informações que representam uma edificação real em um único modelo virtual. Contudo suas capacidades ainda não são totalmente exploradas, inclusive no âmbito de simulação computacional de edificações no qual o programa carece de ferramentas para análises térmicas detalhadas do ambiente construído. Portanto, este estudo objetivou analisar o grau de confiabilidade da interoperabilidade entre os programas Autodesk Revit 2016 e EnergyPlus 8.4.0, para verificar o uso de modelos digitais de edificações criados no Revit em simulações térmicas realizadas na ferramenta EnergyPlus, uma das mais difundidas para este fim. A metodologia consistiu em estudos de caso com modelos de edificações baseados no Case 600, da norma ASHRAE Standard 140, e no Projeto Casa Eficiente, localizado em Florianópolis. Os modelos digitais de ambas as edificações foram produzidos no Revit com diferentes processos de modelagem (massas conceituais ou elementos de construção com ambientes ou espaços inseridos) e configurações do programa. Todos estes modelos BIM foram exportados nos formatos de arquivo IFC, gbXML e IDF e posteriormente convertidos para a extensão suportada pelo EnergyPlus, com o auxílio de ferramentas adicionais, para serem abertos no programa. Tais arquivos foram comparados com o modelo de referência de cada edificação produzido diretamente no EnergyPlus, por meio do programa SketchUp com o plug-in Legacy OpenStudio, para verificar as distorções na transferência das informações quando foi realizada a exportação e conversão dos modelos. Esta comparação foi feita com base em parâmetros definidos para as geometrias, configurações de simulação (propriedades térmicas dos materiais, padrões de uso e ocupação, entre outros) e resultados das simulações com valores de saída para as temperaturas internas mensais das zonas térmicas de cada modelo. Os resultados demonstraram variações e similaridades entre os tipos de modelagem, de processo de exportação e de formato de arquivo utilizado, cujas distorções na transferência dos dados são maiores quanto mais complexo for o modelo da edificação. A pesquisa apontou que os modelos de massas conceituais provenientes de arquivos gbXML, independentemente do modo de exportação a partir do Revit, configuraram-se como alternativa mais viável para utilização no EnergyPlus, por se manterem mais próximos à geometria da edificação, ainda que sejam transferidas configurações padrão do Revit que podem não retratar a realidade do ambiente construído. Porém, foi verificado que, de maneira geral, os modelos digitais do Autodesk Revit não são recomendados para esse tipo de exportação devido ao retrabalho diante da necessidade de correções nos arquivos. Concluiu-se que não é perfeita a interoperabilidade entre os programas computacionais Autodesk Revit e EnergyPlus, pois existe a possibilidade de transferência de informações para simulações térmicas de edificações, entretanto nesta troca há distorções nas geometrias e falta de dados necessários para a correta execução da simulação em todos os modelos exportados.

Det militära samarbetet, FISE mellan Sverige och Finland påbörjades efter politiskt beslut 2014. Samarbetet har succesivt växt fram, dels genom politiska beslut och dels genom förslag från respektive lands försvarsmakter. Vi har i denna uppsats undersökt vad det är som påverkar den gemensamma planeringen av samarbetet på operativ nivå ur ett logistiskt perspektiv. Undersökningen har genomförts med induktiv ansats inspirerad av grounded theory i huvudsak genom intervjuer av deltagare som är delaktiga i planeringen av samarbetet. De faktorer som påverkar och har betydelse för hur den gemensamma planeringen av samarbetet ska fungera är organiseringen av det svenska högkvarteret, de tilldelade resurserna och att deltagarnas upplevelse av att målet för samarbetet är oklart. Författarna kan således konstatera att det, förvånande nog, inte är skillnader i materiel och system som har störst påverkan. Nyckelord: Finskt-svenskt samarbete, FISE, logistik, interoperabilitet, organisation. / The military cooperation, FISE between Sweden and Finland, commenced following the political decision in 2014. The cooperation has been progressively developed, partly through political decisions and partly by proposals from the respective national defense forces. In this paper we have investigated what is affecting the joint planning of the collaboration at the operational level from a logistical perspective. The survey has been conducted with an inductive approach inspired by grounded theory mainly through interviews of participants who are involved in the planning of the collaboration. The factors that influence and affect the way in which the joint planning of the cooperation will work is the organization of the Swedish headquarter, the allocated resources and the participants' experience that the goal of the cooperation is unclear. The authors can thus find that surprisingly, there are not differences in materials and systems that have the greatest impact. Key words: Finnish-Swedish cooperation, FISE, logistics, interoperability, organization. / Suomen ja Ruotsin sotilaallinen FISE-yhteistyö alkoi poliittisella päätöksellä vuonna 2014. Poliittiset päätökset ja puolustusvoimien omat aloitteet ovat laajentaneet yhteistyötä vaiheittain. Olemme tutkielmassamme käsitelleet tekijöitä, jotka vaikuttavat operatiivisen logistiikka yhteistyön suunnitteluun. Tutkielman lähestymistapa on ollut induktiivinen ja siinä on otettu vaikutteita ”grounded theory”-mallista. Tutkielma on toteutettu pääosin haastattelemalla henkilöitä, jotka osallistuvat yhteistyön suunnitteluun. Tekijät, jotka vaikuttavat merkittävästi yhteistyön suunnittelun onnistumiseen, ovat Ruotsin esikunnan organisointi, käytettävissä olevat resurssit sekä osallistujien kokemukset siitä, että yhteistyön päämäärä on epäselvä. Tutkielman päätelmä on, että materiaalien ja järjestelmien erilaisuus ei koeta tärkeämmäksi tekijäksi yhteistyössä. Avainsanat: Suomen ja Ruotsin puolustusyhteistyö, FISE, puolustuslogistiikka, yhteentoimivuus, organisaatio

Recent, and ongoing, research has been addressing the general problem of representing complex human activities for the purpose to provide intelligent software agents with a way to identify, reason, and evaluate human activities. Reliable evaluation of complex human activities requires the intelligent agent to obtain a representation that comprises distinguishing features of an activity. This is a challenging task, since a person´s activity is driven by goals, motives, and norms that may be conflicting in a situation. In order to provide knowledge about human activities to an intelligent software agent, we require tools that can allow us modeling human activities enabling knowledge elicitation. This study has evaluated a software prototype of a graphical modeling language with the overall research question to find the minimum language elements required to elicit the knowledge of activities from a domain expert. Eight participants tested the prototype through think aloud usability sessions were their understanding of the structure of the language was tested. Qualitative data analysis was conducted using a Grounded theory approach, which validity has been discussed. The findings indicated that characteristics of the hierarchical structure of Activity Theory are a supportive theoretical framework for the graphical language that resembles the way occupational therapists reason when analyzing human activities. The study proposes a set of minimum elements for the graphical language. A focus a for future study is to target the intelligent software system to further expand and tune the language by the systems requirements. / Pågående forskning har tagit upp det generella problemet med att representera komplexa mänskliga aktiviteter för att tillhandahålla intelligenta mjukvaruagenter med ett sätt att identifiera, resonera och utvärdera mänskliga aktiviteter. Tillförlitlig utvärdering av komplexa mänskliga aktiviteter kräver att den intelligenta agenten erhåller en representation med definierande särdrag hos aktiviteten. Det är en svår uppgift då en persons aktiviteter drivs av mål, motiv och normer som kan vara motstridiga i en situation. För att kunna ge kunskap om mänskliga aktiviteter till en intelligent mjukvaruagent behöver vi verktyg som kan tillåta oss att modellera mänskliga aktiviteter. Denna studie har utvärderat en prototyp av ett grafiskt modelleringsspråk där den övergripande forskningsfrågan var att hitta minsta antalet modelleringskomponenter som krävs för att representera kunskapen om aktiviteter från en domänexpert. Åtta deltagare testade prototypen genom användbarhetstester med tänka högt metodik där deras förståelse av språkets struktur testades. Grundad teori avändes för att analysera den kvalitativa datan. Validitet har diskuterats. Resultaten visade att den hierarkiska strukturen hos Activity theory är en stödjande teoretisk grund för det grafiska språket som liknar hur arbetsterapeuterna resonerar när de analyserar mänskliga aktiviteter. Studien föreslår minsta antalet modelleringskomponenter som krävs för det grafiska språket. Ett fokus för framtida studier är att rikta in sig på det intelligenta mjukvarusystemet för att ytterligare expandera och justera språket efter agentens krav och hitta en komplexitetsnivå i språket som båda parter kan förstå.