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This thesis is a study of inquiry. Drawing upon the work of American pragmatist John Dewey, this work seeks to contribute to our understanding of the construction of knowledge within the social system of communities of inquiry. The process of inquiry that is traced in this work is one effected in the course of architectural designing. An ethnographically informed study of an architectural masterplan project is used to illustrate Dewey's ideas and how they are played out in design practice. This thesis is understood to correspond with the growing interest of the students of organisational learning and knowledge management in knowledge creation and the underlying social processes. It is further seen as a response to the claim that the key processes of knowledge creation remain largely an enigma. Agreement has been established with Dewey that knowledge is not just an end in itself but a form of action, a medium of change and social transformation. The formation of knowledge, however, within the operation of inquiry is not a matter that “naturally” runs its course. The process of inquiry as studied both in theory and practice has shown just how much its results, which by definition constitute knowledge, are shaped by the institution and control of a problem. A problem is a social construct and the product of the purposeful selection and arrangement of pieces of information. Inquiry is therefore considered a process of controlled knowledge formation. That which counts as knowledge in the realm of social phenomena has been shown to be a matter not so much of agreement between actions and their consequences but agreement in terms of intellectual acceptance. What “satisfies” as a solution (such as the final masterplan) has therefore been shown to be not necessarily a question of its logical status.

This study examines the 1916 Report on Social Studies in order to determine how it has been interpreted and regarded over time. The underlying question involved is "Which interpretation, or interpretations, most embodies the intent, goals, and purpose of the 1916 Committee"? Key members of the 1916 committee have been identified for extended research and analysis. One additional individual frequently quoted throughout the Report, John Dewey, has been included in this research on the 1916 committee. The design, format, and content of the 1916 Report on Social Studies was closely examined. This study dissected the three individual reports by time, intent, topic, and authority. The wide variety of interpretations offered by the scholars identified for this study was examined within an organizational framework utilized to discuss and analyze the broad spectrum of interpretations that exist. This examination of the report encompassed the existing theories, the meaning and intent of the 1916 committee, as well as the social and political aspects and impacts of the era. The overarching intent of this study was to make sense of the various scholarly interpretations and offer insights as to whether or not a consensus of opinion among scholars existed. This study explored if, in fact, there was one dominant interpretation, or whether or not different interpretations were possible for the 1916 Report on Social Studies. That is, was there an opportunity for this study to employ a new lens through which to view the 1916 Report on Social Studies?

Who is responsible for youth policy implementation? This thesis attempts to deepen our understanding of Swedish and Nordic youth policy. Youth policy is cross-sectoral and includes all the decisions and measures affecting the conditions of young people. National youth policy therefore concerns young people's life situations in a number of different areas, such as work, housing, education, health, leisure and influence. The purpose of the study is to increase the knowledge of youth policy work the last century by understanding the impact of youth research concerning adults' role in youth policy implementation.   A mixed method approach has been applied to the study: interviews, documents and youth theory have been analysed. The results show that youth research had a major impact on the Swedish youth policy. It also shows that the state has an important role in the implementation of youth policies. To create a youth policy that meets the democratic mandate, it is necessary to create a systematic approach and guidelines for municipalities. The study has clearly shown that the state's role in the democratic mandate differ significantly over time and that adults' role in the implementation is of great importance. The study draws attention to the perception of adults over time and how adults are increasingly seen as a barrier to young people's democratic schooling, and on what grounds this opinion rests. It is proposed that views on the democratic mandate will be extended from a municipal focus to the state where youth policy have a broader focus that takes account of national welfare goals based on a policy all municipalities has to be involved in.

In the light of the twofold mission of Swedish schools, that is to say enabling pupils to develop both subject knowledge and a democratic attitude, the purpose of this thesis is to investigate to what extent adult higher education students from different language and social backgrounds, studying Swedish as a second language, are able to carry out joint writing assignments with the aid of deliberative discourse, and to what extent they thereby also develop a deliberative attitude. The twofold mission of education applies to them too. While there already exists a certain amount of research into deliberative discourse relating to education in schools, the perspective of higher education didactics in this research is still lacking. The present study is to be viewed as a first contribution to this research. The theoretical starting point of this study includes previous research into deliberative discourse by further developing an existing model regarding criteria for deliberative discourse, for example that there is a striving towards agreement, although the consensus may be temporary, that diverging opinions can be set against each other, that tolerance and respect for views other than one’s own are shown, and that traditional outlooks can be questioned. This model is supplemented by designations for a number of disruptive behaviours, such as ridiculing, ignoring, interrupting people and engaging in private conversations. The thus further developed model will thereafter act as a lens in the analysis of students’ discussions when writing joint texts. Another theoretical starting point is the view of education as communication, and of the possibility of communication creating a third place, thereby developing democracy in the here and now-situation. For this study, comprising 18 hours of observation of nine students, that is to say the discussions of three groups in connection with writing texts on different occasions, various ethnographic data collection methods have been employed, for example video recordings, participant observations, field notes and interviews in conjunction with the discussions. The analysis clarifies that the three groups developed their deliberation as the discussions about the joint assignment proceeded, and that most of the nine students furthermore expressed at least an openness towards a deliberative attitude for further discussions in the future. The disruptive behaviours mentioned in connection with the analytical model that could be identified in the discussions, for example interruptions and private conversations, proved not to constitute real disturbances; on the contrary they actually contributed towards the discussions developing, enabling them to continue. On the other hand, other and not previously identified disturbances occurred, for example a focus on grades, the lack of time and lacking language ability, which all in different ways affected the students’ attitudes towards their work. For any future didactical work on deliberative discourse in Swedish as a second language within higher education, these disturbances would need to be highlighted and made aware of for both teachers and students. Keywords: higher education didactics, communication, deliberative discourse, deliberative attitude, John Dewey, Tomas Englund, heterogeneity, ethnographic data collection methods. / Mot bakgrund av den svenska skolans dubbla uppdrag, det vill säga att möjliggöra för elever att utveckla både ämneskunskaper och ett demokratiskt förhållningssätt, är syftet med denna avhandling att undersöka i vad mån vuxna högskolestudenter med olika språklig och kulturell bakgrund under sin utbildning i svenska som andraspråk förmår lösa gemensamma skrivuppgifter med hjälp av deliberativa samtal, och i vad mån de därigenom också utvecklar ett deliberativt förhållningssätt. Utbildningens dubbla uppdrag är giltigt också för dem. Samtidigt som det redan finns viss forskning om deliberativa samtal när det gäller undervisning i skolan, saknas fortfarande ett högskoledidaktiskt perspektiv i denna forskning. Föreliggande studie ska ses som ett första högskoledidaktiskt bidrag till denna forskning. Studien tar sin teoretiska utgångspunkt bland annat i tidigare forskning om deliberativa samtal genom att vidareutveckla en befintlig modell när det gäller kriterier för deliberativa samtal, till exempel att det föreligger en strävan efter att komma överens, även om konsensus är temporär, att skilda uppfattningar kan ställas mot varandra, att tolerans och respekt för andra åsikter än de egna kommer till uttryck, och att traditionella synsätt kan ifrågasättas. Studien omfattar 18 timmars observationer av nio studenters, det vill säga tre gruppers samtal i samband med gemensam textskrivning vid olika tillfällen. Olika etnografiska datainsamlingsmetoder har använts, till exempel videoinspelningar, deltagande observationer, fältanteckningar och intervjuer i anslutning till samtalen. Av analysen framgår att de tre grupperna utvecklade sin deliberation allteftersom samtalen kring den gemensamma uppgiften pågick, och att de flesta av de nio studenterna dessutom gav uttryck för en deliberativ beredskap inför fortsatta samtal. Studenternas fokus på sina betyg påverkade emellertid i viss utsträckning deras deliberation och kan betecknas som störningar i samtalen. Inför ett eventuellt framtida didaktiskt arbete med deliberativa samtal inom svenska som andraspråk på högskolan skulle dessa störningar behöva lyftas fram och medvetandegöras både för lärare och studenter.

This thesis deals with terms like experience and experiential learning in publications by John Dewey. The aim of this thesis is to find out how John Dewey works with issues of experiential learning. The thesis is structured in six main chapters. Each chapter is relevant to one Dewey´s book, which is related to experiential learning theory. In the first chapter, there are general thoughts of experiential learning from Experience and Nature. In the second chapter, Art as Experience is analysed, in which Dewey researches experience connected with art and aesthetics. The third chapter presents an analysis of The Child and The Curriculum, focused on curriculum from the point of experimental learning. The fourth chapter is concerned with The School and Society, in which there are obvious thoughts of experiential learning from educational and social perspective. The fifth chapter is based on Democracy and Education, where John Dewey thinks about experiential learning and its consequences for an individual in democratic society. Last chapter analyses Experience and Education, which sums up and complements the previous publications.

Submitted by RODRIGO NERIS null (rodrigo-neris@uol.com.br ) on 2016-10-18T03:04:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Rodrigo Neris - Descaminhos da Experiencia - FINAL.pdf: 2387193 bytes, checksum: 9edb3bf8e2212b32af65b2a0e196cca5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-10-21T17:39:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 neris_r_me_ia.pdf: 2387193 bytes, checksum: 9edb3bf8e2212b32af65b2a0e196cca5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-21T17:39:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 neris_r_me_ia.pdf: 2387193 bytes, checksum: 9edb3bf8e2212b32af65b2a0e196cca5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Este trabalho relata a pesquisa de um professor sobre a experiência estética em sua pratica docente, a qual apresenta uma abordagem sobre experiência, educação e ensino de arte na perspectiva do par experiência/sentido proposto por Jorge Larrosa Bondía. No percurso de investigação, o professor criou um grupo de pesquisa com alguns de seus estudantes do Ensino Médio da Escola Estadual Professora Heloiza Therezinha Murbach Lacava, em Santa Bárbara d’Oeste/SP. Com apoio teórico de John Dewey, Jorge Larrosa Bondía e Jacques Rancière, o texto apresentado na dissertação articula três vozes: a dos pensadores e filósofos, a do professor de arte e pesquisador e a dos estudantes do grupo de pesquisa em seus processos de reflexão e investigação da temática, imbricando as principais ideias em desenvolvimento na narrativa aos textos A função da Arte 1 de Eduardo Galeano e Onda de Susy Lee, evocados como metáforas por sua força poética, a lhes conferir corpo e lhes alimentar de sentidos. Em meio a experiência vivenciada pelo professor e pelos estudantes no grupo de pesquisa, desenvolve-se condições que possibilitam tecer algumas considerações que contribuem para a compreensão das ideias de ignorância do mestre e emancipação, apresentados por Rancière. / This work reports a teacher’s research about the aesthetic experience in his professional practice, which presents an approach about experience, education and art education using the pair experience/sense suggested by Jorge Larrosa Bondía. On the investigation route, the teacher has created a research group with some of his High School students from the public school Professora Heloiza Therezinha Murbach Lacava, in Santa Bárbara d’Oeste, São Paulo state. With the theoretical support from John Dewey, Jorge Larrosa Bondía and Jacques Rancière, the text presented on this thesis articulates three voices: the one from the thinkers and philosophers, another one from the art teacher/researcher and a last one from the students taking part in the research group during their reflection processes and this theme’s investigation, interrelating the main ideas being developed in the texts A função da Arte 1 from Eduardo Galeano and A Onda from Susy Lee, mentioned as metaphors because of their poetic strength, vesting matter in them and feeding them with senses. Among the experience lived by the teacher and the students from the research group, conditions are developed to comment on some considerations which contribute to the understanding of the concepts of master’s ignorance and emancipation presented by Rancière.