The aim of this master’s thesis is to propose the steps leading to the improvement of the financial situation of a mid-sized manufacturing company. In order to achieve this aim, the financial analysis is performed. It defines the company’s weaknesses and it serves as a background for a suggestion for corrective actions leading to the improvement. Based on the measurability of the corrective actions, the comparison of the current and predicted situation is made in the final conclusion. It is realized with the Index IN05 bankruptcy model. The corrective actions proposed aim in particular at the operational and production management. They focus mainly on the weaknesses defined by the financial analysis – reduction of inventories and increase of marginal profit in order to strengthen liquidity, reduce debt ratio and improve financial health score in general.

This master´s thesis focuses on possible rationalization of the testing operations the door drive units of the rail vehicles. The aim is to propose solutions to increase productivity and reduce operating costs. The first section briefly describes the history and basic principles of lean manufacturing. The following is the description of the assembly and testing of the door drive units including the analysis of the current state of testing workplaces. The following section identifies critical areas and reserves that could be used to increase productivity. In next chapters are proposed kinds of rationalization, their evaluations according to the cost of implementation and the possible achieved effects. Chosen variant is elaborated in more details. The last part deals with the economic evaluation and verification of the proposed method in conditions of the real production.

The main aim of the thesis is to optimize the management of the production process with the focus on the material flows in the manufacturing company Jung in Brno. The thesis takes into consideration the analysis of the current state of the company. In addition, the thesis describes the production programs and processes with the focus on the material flow and material stocks. The work also aims to identify and minimize bottlenecks in the production process. Apart from the main directions along which the material goes, the process of supply, removal from storage and efficiency of working with material during production is analyzed. The findings of the thesis of the work are suggestions that would make the operational business management effective, reduce production costs and increase the dynamics of the transformation process of production.

The thesis focuses on the study of the effectiveness of selected machines in a company through indicators of overall equipment effectiveness. The aim of this work is to find bottlenecks in production and to provide solutions to increase the productivity of machinery monitoring the operation of machinery. On the selected machine is an analysis that is detected downtime limiting engine running. By entering the draft countermeasures against individual downtime. According to the lessons learned can then implement countermeasures in the company to avoid loss of productivity in production.

The aim of this thesis is the implementation of lean manufacturing principles according to the lean methodology in selected company to minimize waste and effectiveness of production. The theoretical part is focused on defining the terms lean manufacturing, waste and lean methods that serve as the foundation for the practical part. The practical part is divided into several parts. First step is to do a SWOT analysis of production in a particular company. Using the lean tools, we find the root cause of the problem and propose solutions to effectiveness the manufacturing process. Part of the proposals will also benefit the proposed solutions. It is necessary to note that according to the lean methodology, not every proposal must automatically have a financial impact.

En la presente investigación se trabajó escenarios de la productividad laboral de una empresa PYME dedicada a la fabricación de recubrimientos como lacas, resinas, emulsiones y barnices. El problema identificado son los altos tiempos improductivos que generan la baja productividad de este tipo de empresas, en comparación con otros sectores similares, lo cual es importante porque genera costos por tiempo improductivo por ineficiencia de recursos. Se encontró que el inadecuado método de trabajo generaba actividades con mucho tiempo improductivo y de igual forma se determinó que existían altos tiempos de set-up en el proceso de limpieza de máquina. El objetivo de esta investigación es incrementar la productividad de pymes de fabricación de recubrimientos. La variable en estudio es la productividad laboral y las técnicas encontradas en la literatura para llegar a su solución son las herramientas de Lean Manufacturing y planificación estratégica, como VSM, SMED y estandarización, se plantea la propuesta de incremento de la productividad. La propuesta se validó mediante simulación del sistema de producción con los tiempos y actividades filtradas para confirmar que se reducen tiempos improductivos y por ello se incrementa la productividad. Los resultados arrojan que luego de implementar la propuesta de Lean manufacturing y gestión estratégica incrementa la productividad. / In the present investigation, work productivity scenarios of an SME company dedicated to the manufacture of coatings such as lacquers, resins, emulsions and varnishes were worked on. The problem identified is the high downtimes that generate the low productivity of this type of companies, compared to other similar sectors, which is important because it generates costs for downtime due to inefficiency of resources. It was found that the inadequate working method generated activities with a lot of unproductive time and in the same way it was determined that there were high set-up times in the machine cleaning process. The objective of this research is to increase the productivity of SMEs of coatings manufacturing. The variable under study is labor productivity and the techniques found in the literature to reach its solution are the tools of Lean Manufacturing and strategic planning, such as VSM, SMED and standardization, the proposal to increase productivity is proposed. The proposal was validated by simulating the production system with the filtered times and activities to confirm that downtimes are reduced and therefore productivity is increased. The results show that after implementing the proposal of Lean manufacturing and strategic management increases productivity. / Trabajo de investigación

Nuestra investigación aborda el fenómeno de la eficiencia en el servicio de reparación de averías de vehículos ligeros en un concesionario automotriz dedicado a la venta y la postventa de este tipo de vehículos en Perú, de forma consistente con la aplicación de herramientas específicas de mejora; a saber, se usaron los presupuestos de la metodología Lean Manufacturing. El objetivo medular que cumple nuestro estudio es el planteamiento de procedimientos de mejora del cumplimiento de plazos de entrega en el servicio postventa de reparación de averías de vehículos a los clientes, mediante marco procedimental acorde con las exigencias del sector automotriz. La determinación del método se realizó en el marco de un diagnóstico situacional de la empresa automotriz en la que se efectuó el estudio con base en los lineamientos específicos del ciclo PDCA (Plan, Do, Check and Action), que se define como un modelo de resolución de problemas que utiliza insumos o herramientas de ingeniería como el Diagrama de Pareto, árbol de Problema y Objetivos, entre otras, de manera que la consecución de resultados se sustenta en la jerarquización cuantitativa de los problemas más apremiantes en el servicio, además de la medición de factores que posibilitan la determinación de causas-raíces de los diferentes problemas que se suscitan en la ejecución del servicio de reparación. En rigor, se trata de un trabajo con sustento empírico, dado que el análisis se realizó con información real derivada de la empresa, además de mediciones que se realizaron en el área de reparaciones, de las cuales se obtuvo como escollo principal la baja eficiencia en el servicio de reparación. La evaluación de la problemática derivó en la propuesta de un modelo acorde con las necesidades y exigencias del servicio de reparación, cuyo eje es el conjunto de herramientas Lean Manufacturing, el cual permitió generar procedimientos de mejora de los diferentes procesos. En cuanto a los instrumentos de solución asumidos, estos se sustentan en la determinación de las causas específicas que derivan del problema principal, esto es, la baja eficiencia en la ejecución de las reparaciones de la empresa. Así, en cuanto al procedimiento inadecuado usado en el servicio se planteó una herramienta de estandarización; en lo concerniente a la carencia de planificación de trabajos en el taller de servicios, se propuso un conjunto de herramientas como el Heijunka, Sistema Pull-Tack Time, Jidoka y Control Visual; entre otros. Estas fueron aplicadas como instrumentos de mejora de la eficiencia en el área de reparaciones. Producto de las evidentes mejoras, se presenta también una validación técnica y económica que orienta la toma de decisiones en cuanto a la ejecución de procedimientos idóneos para la consecución de un servicio eficaz; de esta manera, el costo de la implementación de las mejoras es de 101,843 soles y el valor actual neto (VAN) obtenido es de 129,488 soles, los cuales respaldan la rentabilidad como producto derivado de nuestra investigación. / Our research addresses the phenomenon of efficiency in the repair services of light vehicle breakdowns within an automotive dealership dedicated to the sale and after-sale services of this type of vehicles located in Peru, in a consistent way with the application of specific improvement techniques; namely, the Lean Manufacturing methodology budgets were used. The core objective achieved by our study is to set procedures for improving compliance with the delivery deadlines in the after-sales repair services of vehicles breakdowns to customers, within the procedural framework in accordance with the requirements of the automotive industry. The method was determined within the situational diagnosis framework of the automotive company, in which the study was carried out based in the specific guidelines of the PDCA cycle (Plan, Do, Check and Action), which its defined as a problem solving model that uses inputs or engineering tools and techniques such as Pareto Chart, Problem Tree and Objective Tree methods, among others, so that the achievement of results is based in the quantitative hierarchy of the most pressing problems within the service, in addition to the factors measurement that allows the identification of root causes of the different problems that appears in the execution of the repair services. Strictly speaking, it is an empirical work, since the analysis was done with real information derived from the company, in addition to the measurements that were taken within the repair service area, from which was obtain, as a the main obstacle, the low efficiency of the repair service. The evaluation of the problem resulted in the proposal of a model in accordance with the necessities and demands of the repair service, whose axis is the Lean Manufacturing tools set, which allowed the generation of improvement procedures in different processes. As for the solution instruments used in the study, these are based on the identification of the specific causes that result from the main problem, that is, the low efficiency in the execution of the repairs of the company. Thus, regarding the inadequate procedures used in the service, a standardization tool was proposed; regarding the lack of work planning within the services workshop, a set of tools such as Heijunka, Pull-Tack Time System, Jidoka and a visual control, among others, was proposed. These tools were used as efficiency improvement instruments within the repair service area. As a result of the evident improvements, there are also technical and economic proof that sets the decision-making regarding the execution of suitable procedures for the achievement of an effective service; So, the cost of implementing these improvements is 101,843 soles and the net present value (NPV) obtained is 129,488 soles, which supports the profitability, derived product of our research work. / Trabajo de Suficiencia Profesional

El control de calidad representa un factor clave para la competitividad y la productividad de la totalidad de empresas. La gestión y aseguramiento de la calidad deben asumir la sostenibilidad y establecimiento de productos que cumplan con las especificaciones que requiere el cliente; en este sentido, se establece la importancia de un proceso productivo con procedimientos adecuados para obtener un rendimiento óptimo de la organización. El artículo se asienta en la implementación de herramientas de Lean Manufacturing en el sector dedicado a la manufactura de plásticos, en donde, se aplicarán métodos para reducir tiempos de preparación de maquinaría, para reducir las fallas de productos en proceso y reducir las paradas de máquina, los cuales son las metodologías 5’S, SMED y TPM. Además, se demuestra que la aplicación de estas influye de manera sustancial en la mejora de la productividad global de la empresa al atacar los procesos críticos que generan una mayor cantidad de contrariedades en la empresa. El objetivo es lograr la reducción de productos no conformes en las áreas críticas del proceso productivo que afectan la fiabilidad de los productos terminados que son distribuidos a los clientes. / Quality control is a key to competitiveness and productivity of all companies factor. Management and quality assurance must take sustainability and development of products that meet the specifications required by the customer; in this sense, the importance of establishing a production process with appropriate procedures for optimal performance of the organization. The article is based on the implementation of tools of Lean Manufacturing in the sector dedicated to the manufacture of plastics, where, methods will be applied to reduce make-ready times of machinery and to reduce failures in process, which are methodologies 5'S, SMED and TPM. In addition, it is shown that the application of these influences in substantially improving the overall productivity of the company by targeting critical processes that generate a greater number of setbacks in the company. The goal is to reduce nonconforming products in the critical areas of the production process that affect the reliability of the finished products that are distributed to customers. / Trabajo de Suficiencia Profesional

Este trabajo presenta la situación de una empresa que se dedica a la fabricación de bolsas plásticas, la cual actualmente tiene retrasos en su producción cuya consecuencia proviene de: faltante de materias primas, productos defectuosos y reprocesados. Es por ello que, al no contar con métodos estandarizados ni herramientas en el flujo de producción, lleva consigo el retraso de los tiempos de entrega del producto al cliente, el cual fue de 41.67% entregas impuntuales en el año 2016. Mediante la aplicación de las diferentes metodologías propuestas es posible resolver las diferentes causas, con el objetivo de reducir las entregas a destiempo. Para analizar el efecto de las metodologías propuestas en la empresa, se utilizó la técnica de simulación. De lo cual, se obtuvo una reducción del índice de productos defectuosos de 18% a 10%, índice de productos reprocesados de 7% a 3% y un aumento de la exactitud de reposición de materia prima de 65% a 90%, dando así un incremento del índice de cumplimiento de plazos entregas de 58% a 95%. Asimismo, con la finalidad de determinar si el proyecto es viable y rentable, se realizó un estudio financiero considerando los costos que se deben incurrir para la realización del proyecto. En este caso, el proyecto es viable de acuerdo con el análisis económico y financiero, ya que se obtiene el Valor Actual Neto de S/36,529, la Tasa Interna de Rendimiento de 31.45% y el Periodo de Retorno de la Inversión en el sexto mes de empezado el proyecto. / This thesis presents the situation of a company that is dedicated to the manufacture of plastic bags, which currently has delays in its production whose consequence comes from: missing raw materials, defective and reprocessed products. That is why, since there are no standardized methods or tools in the production flow, it entails the delay in the delivery times of the product to the customer, which was 41.67% unpunctual deliveries in 2016. Through the application of the different proposed methodologies it is possible to solve the different causes, with the aim of reducing the deliveries at the wrong time. To analyze the effect of the methodologies proposed in the company, the simulation technique was used. Of which, a reduction of the defective products index was obtained from 18% to 10%, reprocessed products index from 7% to 3% and an increase in the replacement accuracy of raw material from 65% to 90%, thus giving an increase in the delivery deadline index from 58% to 95%. Likewise, in order to determine if the project is viable and profitable, a financial study was carried out considering the costs that must be incurred to carry out the project. In this case, the project is viable according to the economic and financial analysis, since the Net Present Value of S / 36,529, the Internal Rate of Return of 31.45% and the Return on Investment Period in the sixth month are obtained the project started. / Trabajo de Suficiencia Profesional

Las pequeñas y medianas empresas del sector textil y de la confección encuentran un problema de exceso de desperdicios, lo que tiene un impacto negativo en la rentabilidad de estas empresas. Por ello, se realiza un análisis de diagnóstico en una pequeña empresa utilizando el diagrama de Ishikawa con la finalidad de identificar las causas raíz y medirlas mediante indicadores. En base a estos resultados, se propone un modelo de gestión de cambios, que consiste en la implementación de herramientas de Lean Manufacturing, componentes del sistema de producción durante la aplicación piloto de 30 días. Luego, cada indicador se vuelve a evaluar para verificar la viabilidad de la propuesta Umbrella Model. Los resultados muestran que este modelo redujo la cantidad de residuos en un 81,21%. / Excess waste problem is encountered by small and medium-sized companies in the textile and clothing sector, which has a negative impact on the profitability of these companies. Herein, a diagnosis analysis is performed in a small company using the Ishikawa diagram to identify the root causes and they are measured using indicators. Based on these results, a change management model is proposed, which supports the implementation of lean manufacturing tools and production system components during the 30-day pilot application. Then, each indicator is reassessed to verify the feasibility of the proposed umbrella model. Results show that this model reduced the amount of waste by 81.21%. / Tesis