O objetivo desse estudo foi verificar possíveis alterações no cenário econômico da cidade de Volta Redonda situada no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, após a privatização da Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional, como consequência à saída do Estado do setor produtivo. Volta Redonda deve sua origem ao investimento feito pelo Estado em um esforço para tornar o Brasil um país com urbano-industrial, por meio da construção da sua primeira grande indústria de base: a Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional. O enfoque dado a essa pesquisa relaciona-se à exploração dos indicadores relativos ao mercado de trabalho local, disponibilizados de forma impressa ou on-line pelos órgãos oficiais, os quais propiciaram o seu diagnóstico e suas características após a privatização da CSN; assim como a contribuição da balança comercial municipal sobre essa dinâmica local. Trata-se de uma pesquisa cujo procedimento técnico é de cunho bibliográfico, com objetivo exploratório, de abordagem quantitativa e delineamento documental. Observa-se que após a privatização da CSN configurou-se a interrupção da participação da empresa na gestão pública local e o município viu-se obrigado a desenvolver políticas para atração de novos investimentos e incentivo ao empreendedorismo com vistas à geração de postos de trabalho para seus habitantes, uma vez que a estrutura setorial do emprego em Volta Redonda apresentou alteração em seu perfil, no qual o setor industrial deixou de ser o maior gerador de emprego, apresentando redução gradativa a partir de meados da década de 1980, enquanto o setor de serviços demonstrou outra realidade, apresentando acréscimo a partir o mesmo período. Em relação ao comércio internacional praticado pelo Município, verificou-se que além de subordinar-se ao cenário econômico mundial, seu resultado depende do desempenho da CSN. / The aim of this study was to investigate possible changes in the economic scenario of the city of Volta Redonda located in the State of Rio de Janeiro, after the privatization of the National Steel Company as a result of the withdrawal of the state from the productive sector. Volta Redonda owes its origin to the investment made by the state in an effort to make Brazil a country with urban-industrial, through the construction of its first major industrial base: the National Steel Company. The approach taken to this research relates to the operation of the indicators for the local labor market, available in print or online by official agencies, which led to the diagnosis and characteristics after the privatization of CSN, as well as contribution of the trade balance on this municipal local dynamics. This is a research whose technical procedure is bibliographical, with exploratory objective, quantitative approach and design documentation. It is observed that after the privatization of CSN configured to interrupt the companys participation in local public administration and the city was forced to develop policies to attract new investment and encouraging entrepreneurship aimed at generating jobs for their inhabitants, since the sectoral structure of employment in Volta Redonda showed a change on your profile, in which the industry is no longer the largest employment generator, with a gradual decrease from the mid-1980s, while the service sector showed another reality, presenting an increase from the same period. In relation to international trade practiced by the municipality, it was found that in addition to subordinate to the global economic scenario, the outcome depends on the performance of the CSN.

As empresas cooperativas são organizações que oferecem uma importante contribuição na geração e repartição de renda, na criação de empregos, e como indutoras da modernização agropecuária, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento socioeconômico, cultural e político de um município. Nesse cenário buscou-se esclarecer a influência da Cooperativa Agroindustrial dos Produtores Rurais do Sudoeste Goiano (COMIGO) no desenvolvimento do município de Rio Verde (GO), em especial, identificar como a COMIGO contribui socialmente na geração de emprego, sustentabilidade e inovação, e como se relaciona com os impactos de suas atividades e as políticas públicas do município. De acordo com os objetivos propostos esta pesquisa é exploratória com abordagem qualitativa. É básica quanto à natureza, e documental em relação aos procedimentos adotados. As conclusões apontam, a partir da análise comparativa do Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano Municipal (IDHM) de Rio Verde, que há uma relação entre taxa de crescimento e hiato de desenvolvimento, o que demonstra um desequilíbrio entre os resultados. Nas últimas décadas houve uma taxa de crescimento de 54,51% versus um hiato de desenvolvimento de 51,95%, levando à conclusão que todas as ações empreendedoras da COMIGO e o perceptível impacto dessas ações em diferentes níveis no município não foram suficientes para promover o aumento da taxa de desenvolvimento na mesma proporção do incremento da taxa de crescimento, resultando assim em um hiato de desenvolvimento inferior a taxa de crescimento. / Cooperative enterprises are organizations that offer an important contribution to the development, embedded generation and distribution of wealth and job creation. Besides being an inductive element in agricultural modernization, in that it contributes to the socioeconomic, cultural and political development. Of this scenario was searched clarify the influence of Agroindustrial Cooperative of Rural Producers of Southwest Goiás - COMIGO in the development of the municipality of Rio Verde (GO), specifically, identify how the COMIGO contribute socially, employment generation, sustainability, innovation and how it relates to the impacts of their activities and policies of the municipality of Rio Verde - GO. Considering the proposed objectives, this research is classified as exploratory, qualitative approach, and the nature of this study is classified as basic research and in relation to the procedures adopted this research is classified as documental. In order, to make a last comparative analysis of the last Municipal Human Development Index IDHM of Rio Verde - GO was observed the relationship between growth rate and Hiatus Development, which shows an imbalance between their results, in recent decades was observed the growth rate of 54.51% verses a Hiatus development of 51.95%, and concludes that even with all the entrepreneurial activities of COMIGO and the perceived impact of these influences at different levels in the municipality of Rio Verde - GO, was not sufficient to promote an increase in the rate of development in proportion to the increase of the growth rate, thus resulting in hiatus development lower to the growth rate.

Devido a participação cada vez maior das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TICs) em diversas áreas do conhecimento, estabelecendo fluxos de comunicação em escala global, percebe-se que sua aplicação pode favorecer a sociedade como um todo, em razão da diversidade e do caráter de utilidade pública das ferramentas que são disponibilizadas na Cidade Digital, projeto regulamentado pelo Ministério das Comunicações com o objetivo de modernizar os municípios com a aplicação das TICs. Esta dissertação busca analisar quais as estruturas existentes e necessárias no âmbito da gestão pública municipal para efetivação da implantação da Cidade Digital em Mineiros no estado de Goiás. Como procedimento metodológico realizou-se uma pesquisa descritiva, qualitativa e documental. Foram entrevistados os gestores responsáveis pela área de TI do município e analisado documentos disponibilizados pela prefeitura, a fim de identificar leis e normas a respeito da implantação. O local da pesquisa foi o município de Mineiros, Estado de Goiás, especificamente na zona urbana, onde há maior abrangência da operação tecnológica que propicia a implantação da Cidade Digital. Este estudo comprova o potencial para a implantação da Cidade Digital e que o município possui instalado diversos dispositivos e recursos tecnológicos que favorecem a efetivação desta implantação. Conforme o relato dos gestores nas entrevistas, verifica-se interesse para a implantação da Cidade Digital, embora que nos documentos pesquisados não foram encontrados leis ou normas sobre o tema. / Due to increasing participation of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in various areas of knowledge, establishing communication flows on a global scale, it is clear that their application may favor the society as a whole, because of the diversity and character utility of the tools that are available in the Digital City project regulated by the Ministry of Communications in order to modernize the municipalities with the application of ICT. This research seeks to analyze which existing structures and necessary in the context of municipal public administration to execute the Digital City Deployment in Mineiros in State of Goiás. As methodological procedure carried out a descriptive, qualitative and desk research. It was conducted interviews with managers responsible for IT area of the municipality and analyzed documents provided by the city in order to identify laws and regulations regarding the deployment. The research site is the municipality of Mineiros, State of Goiás, specifically in urban areas, where there is greater scope of technological operation that provides the implementation of Digital City. This study demonstrates the potential for the deployment of Digital City and the municipality has installed various devices and technological resources that promote the realization of this deployment. As the account managers in interviews, there is interest for the implementation of Digital City, although we researched documents laws have not been found or regulations on the subject.

As usinas hidrelétricas são fundamentais na produção energética brasileira, sendo também responsáveis pela geração de importantes impactos ambientais negativos na escala local, os quais acabam tendo efeito no próprio desempenho dos municípios afetados. Com o objetivo de equacionar estes impactos de natureza física, biótica e socioeconômica, instituiu-se a Avaliação de Impacto Ambiental (AIA) por meio da Política Nacional de Meio Ambiente em 1981. A partir de então, este instrumento tem passado por alterações temporais no campo político, legal, institucional e técnico, as quais podem refletir-se na forma como o instrumento equaciona os impactos ambientais e, neste caso, nos próprios desempenhos de desenvolvimento dos locais afetados por hidrelétricas. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a relação entre o desempenho de desenvolvimento nos municípios brasileiros afetados por hidrelétricas e a trajetória da Avaliação de Impacto Ambiental. Nesse sentido, o resultado obtido neste trabalho, é um indicativo de que a AIA quando bem executada pode ser um meio eficaz para gestão de impactos e planejamento ambiental. / Brazilian hydropower plants are fundamental in Brazil\'s energy production, although they are also responsible for generating significant environmental impacts at the local scale, which having an effect on their own municipal development performances. Aiming to solve these physical, biotic and socio-economic impacts, was created the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) by the National Environmental Policy in 1981. Since then, this instrument was temporal changed by political, legal, institutional and technical contexts, which may be reflected in how the instrument solves environmental impacts and, in this case, the municipal development performances affected by hydropower plants. This project aimed to analysis the relationships between municipal development performances and the temporal course of Environmental Impact Assessment. In this sense, the result obtained in this project is an indication that the EIA when well executed can be an effective means for impact management and environmental planning.

There have been moves towards greater localization in our approaches to the economy and services we consume, especially within the sphere of food. In particular, self-sufficiency approaches have increased in interest to utilize and create a resilient local food system, as this shields an area from the uncertainty and fluctuation of global trades while securing local development. This qualitative study aims to develop an understanding of how two municipally owned food productions, promoting locally produced food, local development and self-sufficiency, can be seen and understood when balanced with national and regional strategic goals concerning food, procurement and regional development within a multi-level governance framework. A multiple combination of methods is used to triangulate understandings of the projects: interviews with municipal, regional and national governmental level was conducted as well as content analysis of strategic documents. The regional and national level could be seen to agree on the processes and several effects the municipally owned food productions entail. However, disagreements were raised concerning the economic aspects that the municipally owned food productions result in, such as costinefficiency and lost ability to use procurement to create societal change and development. It could be seen that the municipalities run these food productions because it secures food supply from a certain favorable production, while also generating several other benefits due to its production promoting local sustainable development through resilience.

Orientador: Paula Regina de Jesus Pinsetta Pavarina / Resumo: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo geral apresentar as contribuições para o desenvolvimento regional dado a implantação de um campus do Instituto Federal do Sul de Minas na cidade de Passos/MG, a partir da perspectiva de investimentos públicos em educação como ferramenta de desenvolvimento econômico e social, tendo na Rede Federal a materialização de política pública nesse campo, consumada pela Lei 11.892 de 29 de dezembro de 2008. O estudo foi realizado com base em levantamento bibliográfico e pesquisa documental. A pesquisa documental foi realizada junto à própria instituição em Passos e em sua Reitoria, no sentido de compreender os motivos que levam à escolha de uma localidade como recebedora de um campus da instituição e de como a comunidade a recebeu, com base em notícias veiculadas nos meios de comunicação locais à época e posteriormente à implantação, bem como estudo das medidas de ordem econômica que possam estar relacionadas ao campus. Além desse levantamento, o trabalho buscou conhecer os perfis tanto da instituição, por conta do aumento dos cursos ofertados, quanto de seus alunos, além de estudar como a cidade de Passos concebe investimentos, quer públicos, quer privados, em educação e quais os benefícios nascidos desses investimentos. Todo o levantamento realizado buscou ser confrontado com a literatura existente na área de investimentos em educação como forma de promoção de desenvolvimento econômico e social. Concluímos, com o trabalho realizado, que a socieda... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The main objective of this study, is to be presented contributions to the regional development to the implantation of a campus of Federal Institute of Southern of Minas Gerais, at the city of Passos, Minas Gerais, from the perspective of public investments in education as a tool for economic and social development, with the Federal Network materialization of public policy in this field, consumed by Law 11,892 of December 29, 2008. The study was carried out based on a bibliographic survey and research documentary. The documentary research was carried out with the institution itself in Passos and in its Rectory, in order to understand the reasons that lead to the choice of a locality recipient of an institution campus and how the community received it, based on news published in the local media at the time and after implementation, as well as the study of economic measures that may be related to campus. In addition to this survey, this study sought to know the profiles of both the institution, due to the increase in the courses offered, and of its students, in addition to studying how the city of Passos conceives investments, both public and private, in education and what are the benefits generates from these investments. All the survey carried out sought to be compared with the existing literature in the area of investments in education as a way of promoting economic and social development. We concluded, as a result of the research carried out, that the local society understan... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

D’une manière générale, les théories du développement ne constituent pas seulement des modèles explicatifs du changement social mais représentent avant tout des modèles théoriques fortement imprégnés d’idéologie justifiant les axes d’action des programmes politiques de développement. Dans un premier temps, les théories proposaient aux pays du « Sud » le rattrapage du retard ou le gommage de l’ordre historique de domination internationale comme solution à l’énigme du développement. Dans un second temps, à la fin des années 1970, elles constituaient le moyen de garantir une forte croissance économique pour les Etats aussi bien du « Nord » que du « Sud » par l’application des PAS. A partir des années 1990, un nouveau corpus de théories du développement propose une forme d’action politique se distinguant des ajustements structurels, le développement local. Celui-ci se décline en trois grands axes d’actions : - le retour du politique en tant qu’institution de régulation économique et sociale à travers les idées de gouvernance et de démocratie participative ;- l’optimisation de la croissance économique et des services sociaux par la régulation politique ;- le développement local en tant que niveau de production et de régulation du politique, du social et de l’économique.Ainsi, que cela soit à l’échelle des théories scientifiques ou des programmes politiques, ces trois axes constituent les conditions sine qua non du changement social. Mais le fait de suivre ces axes conduit-il au développement local ? C’est à cette question que nous nous sommes efforcé de répondre par la mise en perspective de pratiques de développement local au niveau d’une ville d’un pays dit « du Sud », Bamako au Mali, et au niveau d’une ville d’un pays dit « du Nord », Marseille en France. / Overall, development theories are not only explanatory models of social change but are primarily theoretical models strongly imbued with ideology justifying the action axes of program development policies. Initially, the theories proposed for the 'southern' countries to “take off” or to wipe the historical order of international dominance as a solution to the riddle of development. In a second step, in the late 1970s, they were the means of ensuring strong economic growth for “North” and “South” countries by the application of SAPs. From the 1990s, a new set of theories of development proposes a form of political action distinct from structural adjustment: local development. It comes in three main action axes:- the return of politics as an institution of economic and social regulation through the ideas of governance and participatory democracy ;- optimization of economic growth and social services by political regulation ;- local development as a production and a regulation level of the politic, the social and the economic.Thus, whether at the level of scientific theories or political agendas, these three axes are the prerequisites of social change. But must these prerequisites be followed to lead the Local Development? This is the question that we tried to address through the perspective of local development practices in a city of a “South” country, Bamako, Mali, and in a city of a “North” country, Marseille, France.

Dejando atrás la perspectiva en la que la prioridad de la extensión universitaria era trasladar o extender mecánicamente los conocimientos a la sociedad, la presente tesis doctoral se enfoca en la relación bidireccional que conecta a la Universidad, por medio de la extensión universitaria, con su entorno inmediato; en este caso se estudia la Universidad Técnica de Manabí y las parroquias rurales de Portoviejo, Ecuador. Así, el objetivo general del estudio fue determinar la incidencia de los procesos de extensión universitaria de la Universidad Técnica de Manabí en el desarrollo local de las parroquias rurales de Portoviejo entre los años 2017-2019. Para ello se empleó una metodología deductiva y técnicas de índole cuantitativa apoyada en técnicas de carácter cualitativas. Una de las particularidades del estudio es que se recabó información tanto de estudiantes como de docentes; por ello se aplicó un cuestionario a un total de 1065 estudiantes y 73 docentes, cuyas respuestas se recibieron entre los años 2020 y 2021. El mencionado cuestionario fue validado por seis expertos en extensión universitaria, pertenecientes a universidades de América Latina. Con el diseño metodológico se buscaba responder a la hipótesis general: la incidencia de los procesos de extensión universitaria de la Universidad Técnica de Manabí en el desarrollo local de las parroquias rurales de Portoviejo, entre los años 2017-2019 resulta escasa, debido a que las estrategias de intervención parten de un enfoque no sistémico y poco imbricado con las necesidades del territorio. Entre los principales hallazgos las teorías de extensión universitaria ratifican que los procesos extensionistas tienden a enriquecer el conocimiento y otorgan mayor visibilidad a la universidad en la medida que divulguen sus resultados a partir de su inserción en el territorio. La reversión del conocimiento es una actividad muy válida ya que se pone al servicio de la comunidad. Del estudio sobresale el diagnóstico de los problemas que se registran en las parroquias rurales de Portoviejo, que a través de una matriz FODA permitió identificar las fortalezas y las debilidades que tienen estos territorios para alcanzar la senda del desarrollo local, así como también los aspectos positivos y negativos de los procesos de vinculación con la sociedad de la UTM como mecanismo para responder a las necesidades del área de estudio. Los principales problemas detectados durante la investigación corresponden a una escasa intervención entre la Universidad Técnica de Manabí desde la vinculación con la sociedad en las parroquias rurales de Portoviejo. La intervención que se realiza desde esta tercera función sustantiva no parte de un estudio previo que ermita implementar proyectos que respondan favorablemente a las complejas carencias latentes en estos sectores. A pesar de estas debilidades, estudiantes y docentes resaltan las fortalezas de la vinculación y la consideran de vital importancia para la formación integral del futuro profesional, les permite integrar teoría – practica, fortalecer las competencias, prepararlos para inserción laboral. Asimismo, se identifican las disímiles respuestas que puede ofrecer la Universidad Técnica de Manabí a las parroquias rurales mediante la extensión universitaria en coordinación con el Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado de Portoviejo. Otra contribución de esta tesis doctoral radica en la elaboración de una propuesta de intervención de enfoque sistémico, que considera las entradas, los procesos y las salidas que pueden propiciar el fortalecimiento del nexo Universidad Técnica de Manabí-parroquias rurales de Portoviejo. De hecho, esta elaboración teórico-metodológica puede servir de guía para futuros estudios sobre la relación Universidad-sociedad o para evaluar aspectos como la satisfacción de la comunidad, el uso racional de los recursos y el impacto de las actividades extensionistas en el desarrollo local de los territorios rurales. / Leaving behind the perspective in which the priority of university extension was to mechanically transfer or extend knowledge to society, this doctoral thesis focuses on the bidirectional relationship that connects the University, through university extension, with its environment. right now; In this case, the Technical University of Manabí and the rural parishes of Portoviejo, Ecuador are studied. Thus, the general objective of the study was to determine the incidence of the university extension processes of the Technical University of Manabí in the local development of the rural parishes of Portoviejo between the years 2017-2019. For this, a deductive methodology and quantitative techniques supported by qualitative techniques were used. One of the particularities of the study is that information was collected from both students and teachers; For this reason, a questionnaire was applied to a total of 1065 students and 73 teachers, whose responses were received between 2020 and 2021. The aforementioned questionnaire was validated by six experts in university extension, belonging to Latin American universities. With the methodological design, we sought to respond to the general hypothesis: the incidence of the university extension processes of the Technical University of Manabí in the local development of the rural parishes of Portoviejo, between the years 2017-2019 is low, due to the fact that the Intervention strategies are based on a non-systemic approach and little overlap with the needs of the territory. Among the main findings, the theories of university extension confirm that extension processes tend to enrich knowledge and give greater visibility to the university to the extent that they disseminate their results from their insertion in the territory. The reversal of knowledge is a very valid activity since it is put at the service of the community. From the study, the diagnosis of the problems that are registered in the rural parishes of Portoviejo stands out, which through a FODA matrix allowed to identify the strengths and weaknesses that these territories have to achieve the path of local development, as well as the positive aspects and negative of the processes of linking with the society of the UTM as a mechanism to respond to the needs of the study area. The main problems detected during the investigation correspond to a scarce intervention between the Technical University of Manabí from the link with society in the rural parishes of Portoviejo. The intervention that is carried out from this third substantive function does not start from a previous study that allows the implementation of projects that respond favorably to the complex latent deficiencies in these sectors. Despite these weaknesses, students and teachers highlight the strengths of the relationship and consider it of vital importance for the comprehensive training of the future professional, it allows them to integrate theory - practice, strengthen skills, prepare them for job placement. Likewise, the dissimilar responses that the Technical University of Manabí can offer to rural parishes through university extension in coordination with the Decentralized Autonomous Government of Portoviejo are identified.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T13:24:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1487573 bytes, checksum: a347feb678b175dbda01504d0b8c9e59 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-10-25 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The Local Development Integrated and Sustainable - DLIS represented in the 1990s in Brazil, a strategic investment in the design and operation of public policies to combat poverty and social exclusion, sought to promote involvement and participation of civil society, building partnerships, establishing a vision of development more inclusive and integrated, surveillance and social control in the process of setting priorities in allocation of public resources in order to initiate a nationwide process of development more sustainable. This study focused on the theoretical debate, historical facts and conceptual categories relevant to understanding the new meaning that space takes place before an international context of economic globalization of capital and strong influence of neoliberalism in the planning of public policies of the Brazilian state. We attempted to ascertain the perceptions of implementing agents (governmental and non governmental organizations) the methodological strategy concerned about the efficiency of the process of community organization through the political role of civil society in local space. This was an analytical research of a qualitative approach, carried out through field study. As procedures, cite the literature, analysis of official documents, specific legislation. As a tool for data collection was used semi-structured interviews, participant observation and oral history. The interviews were conducted between November 2005 and January 2006, together with research subjects in the municipalities of Pedro Régis (forest area) and Nova Olinda (interior). The sample (n = 14) was intentional because it encompassed only professionals who have direct or indirect link with the municipalities that joined the expansion of the Active Community Program, the state of Paraíba. It was concluded that there was a dissociation between the principles and objectives of the strategy of the DLIS government with the intention of effecting an articulated process and sustainable development, which is useful in principle the rationalization of public resources and strengthening of visions of hegemonic power which showed a fragmented conception of development. / O Desenvolvimento Local Integrado e Sustentável DLIS, representou no Brasil dos anos 90 uma inversão estratégica na concepção e operacionalização de Políticas Públicas voltadas ao enfrentamento da pobreza e exclusão social. Buscou promover envolvimento e participação da sociedade civil, constituir parcerias, instituir uma visão de desenvolvimento mais abrangente e integradora e promover a fiscalização e controle social no processo de definição de prioridades na alocação de recursos públicos desencadeando em âmbito nacional um processo de desenvolvimento mais sustentável. O foco do presente estudo foi o debate teórico, fatos históricos e categorias conceituais relevantes para a compreensão da ressignificação que o espaço local adquire diante de um contexto internacional de globalização econômica do capital e forte influência do neoliberalismo no planejamento das políticas públicas do Estado brasileiro. Buscou conhecer as percepções dos agentes implementadores (governamentais e não governamentais) da metodologia em questão sobre sua eficácia no processo de organização comunitária, por meio da atuação política da sociedade civil, no espaço local. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa analítica, de cunho qualitativo, realizada através de estudo de campo. Como procedimentos aplicados citam-se a pesquisa bibliográfica, análise de documentos oficiais e legislação específica. Como instrumento de coleta de dados foram utilizadas entrevista semi-estruturada, observação de participante e história oral. As entrevistas foram realizadas entre os meses de novembro de 2005 a janeiro de 2006, junto aos sujeitos da pesquisa nos municípios de Pedro Régis (zona da mata) e Nova Olinda (sertão). A amostra (n=14) foi intencional porque englobou apenas profissionais que tiveram vinculação direta ou indireta com os municípios que aderiram à expansão do Programa Comunidade Ativa, no Estado da Paraíba. Concluiu-se que existiu uma dissociação entre os princípios e objetivos da metodologia do DLIS com a intenção governamental de efetivar um processo articulado e sustentável de desenvolvimento, sendo útil a princípio a racionalização dos recursos públicos e reforço de visões hegemônicas de poder, o que evidenciou uma concepção fragmentária de desenvolvimento.

Pendant près de deux siècles, les générations d'horlogers bisontins se sont transmis valeurs, savoirs,passion pour ce métier qui s'est ancré fortement dans le territoire bisontin. Lorsque l'innovationtechnique du quartz remet en question la production horlogère traditionnelle dans les années 1970,la fabrication de montres disparait. Lui succède alors une activité centrée sur les “microtechniques”,présentée communément comme l'héritière des savoirs horlogers. Quelle est la nature véritable decet héritage ? Dans le cadre de notre thèse, nous tentons de répondre à cette question, en analysantle processus de reconversion de l'industrie horlogère vers les microtechniques. Nous cherchons àcomprendre comment des catégories professionnelles autrefois réunies autour d'un projet communet réunies par une culture collective fortement cohésive se désolidarisent dans un contexte de crise.Les places occupées dans le système initial ont lentement façonné des identités spécifiques,masquées pourtant par la culture collective. Dans une période d'instabilité provoquée par desbouleversements environnementaux, ces identités s'affirment et les normes, représentations etvaleurs de chaque groupe produisent des logiques d'acteurs différentes. Le groupe capable de puiserdans ses ressources pour s'adapter aux transformations de l'environnement acquiert le pouvoir, qued'autres perdent en refusant le changement. L'orientation de l'activité vers le secteur desmicrotechniques peut donc être envisagée comme une stratégie favorable à la pérennisation dessavoirs d'une des catégories en présence. Plutôt qu'un simple phénomène d'ajustement à desnouvelles contraintes économiques et techniques, le changement peut donc être analysé – aussi –comme un phénomène microsocial, résultat de logiques d'acteurs et de luttes pour la maîtrise del'avenir d'une industrie territorialisée / For nearly two centuries, generations of clockmakers from Besançon have transmitted their values,knowledges and passion for this job that has deeply rooted into Besançon territory. In the 70's, thenew "quartz" technic questioned the traditional clock-making and the traditional watchmakingdisappeared. Then come the turn of an activity based on microtechnics, wich is seen as the legacy ofclock-making knowledge. What is the true nature of this legacy ? Throughout our Phd, we fried toanswer this question, analysing how the watchmaking industry evolved to microtechnics. We triedto anderstand how the professional categories, that used to be united around a common project andunited by a higly cohesive culture, set apart in a crisis time. The jobs wich were initially occupedcreated little by little some specific identities, hidden however by the global culture. In this periodof relative instability caused by environnemental changes, these identities assert and the normes,representations and values of each group create different logics. The group wich is abble to drowfrom it's own resources to adapt itself to the environnemental changes gets the power that otherslose when they refuse these changes. Thus, the orientation of this activity to the microtecnics sectorcan be conceived as a stratégy wich would help the knowledge of one of the present categoriesperpetuate. Rhater than a simple adjusting phenomenon to new economical and technical contraints,this change can therefore be also analysed as a microsocial phenomenon resulting from logics andfights to master the future of this territorialized industrie