「自拍」是時下特有的社群文化，使用手持相機或自拍棒輔助拍照多有限制。然而搭載相機鏡頭的多軸飛行器（Camera-equipped drone）日漸普及，未來將有機會成為新的攝影器材。 本研究由初步訪談並分類「日常生活中操作相機」之心智模型：（1）以自身為中心，指揮攝影師移動之操控者模式（User Mode），適合近距操作，如自拍；（2）使用者透過相機視角，取得觀測角度之觀景窗模式（Viewfinder Mode），適合取得遠距影像，如災區探勘；（3）以第三人稱同時控制攝影者與被攝者的導演模式（Director Mode），擅於處理人與鏡頭相對空間關係，適合已預想好全局構圖與分鏡腳本。本研究依上述分類討論文獻與商品之優勢與限制，探索「操作空間中任務擺放之相機（多軸飛行器）」的理想互動方法後，將「操作空間中的相機」互動切分為兩階段流程設計：（1）Positioning階段：以User Mode直視飛行器，指揮相機位置；（2）Fine Tuning階段：以Viewfinder Mode透過觀景窗取得影像並微調拍攝參數。 本研究將著重於Positioning階段之飛行器控制互動方法，透過探討使用者的空間認知，提出三種符合使用者心智模型之飛行器運動座標系（球狀、柱狀與修正之三維座標），結合智慧型手機操作的類指向輸入方法（Semi-Direct Pointing），並實作沉浸式VR多軸飛行器體驗模擬器「Skyfie」，並進行兩次使用者測試，模擬使用者在3D空間中指揮飛行器移動至指定位置進行拍攝，實驗結果證明本研究提出之三種座標系統皆比傳統三維座標容易操作，並於最後討論各運動座標系適用之情境。 / Taking Selfie is a brand new type of photographic behavior and has become a phenomenon on social medias. In Asia, many people love taking and sharing selfies in their daily life and have create several tools to take good selfies suck as a selfie stick or a portable tripod. In the meantime, camera-equipped drones are getting more and more popular today. We can envision a future where personal flying selfie bots are always with us. Among the previous works and commercial products, the interaction techniques for controlling drone are mostly designed in drone-centric mode that require a longer training and are not easy for taking an anticipated shot. We investigate the user needs in taking selfies and propose an interaction technique that contains Positioning state and Fine Tuning state which are designed with user and viewfinder mode. Users can place a drone in a specified coordinate system by our semi-direct pointing technique and then compose the framing on the smartphone screen. We propose 3 coordinate systems for positioning stage and conduct two user studies in a simulated VR environment to validate the performance and user acceptances. In conclusion, we find that all three coordinate systems are more user friendly compare to traditional Cartesian coordinate system considering the test results and implementation cost.

[pt] A linguagem Java foi definida tendo como foco a portabilidade. O código gerado pela compilação é interpretado por uma máquina virtual, e não diretamente pelo processador destino, como um programa em C. Este código intermediário, também conhecido como bytecode, é a chave da portabilidade de Java. Os Bytecodes Java usam uma pilha para manipular os operandos das instruções. O uso de pilha tem suas vantagens e desvantagens. Dentre as vantagens, podemos citar a simplicidade da implementação do compilador e da máquina virtual. A principal desvantagem é a redução na velocidade de execução dos programas, devido à necessidade de se mover os operandos para a pilha e retirar dela o resultado, gerando um aumento no número de instruções que devem ser processadas. Diversos estudos indicam que máquinas virtuais baseadas em registradores podem ser mais rápidas que as baseadas em pilha. Decidimos criar uma nova especificação de bytecodes, específicos para máquinas virtuais baseadas em registradores. Esperamos com isso obter um aumento no desempenho das aplicações. / [en] The Java language was created with a focus on portability. The code generated by the compiler is interpreted by a virtual machine, and not directly by the target processor, like programs written in C. This intermediate code, also known as bytecode, is the key to Java's portability. The Java Bytecodes use a stack to manipulate the instruction operands. The use of stack has its their pros and cons. Among the advantages, we can cite the simplicity of implementation of the compiler and virtual machine. On the other hand, there is a speed reduction in the program's execution, due to the need to move the operands to and from the stack, and retrieve results from it, increasing the number of instructions that are processed. Much study has been done that indicating that register-based virtual machines can be faster than the ones based on stacks. Based on this, we decided to create a new bytecode specification, proper for a virtual machine based on registers. By doing this, we hope to obtain an increase in an application's performance.

O presente trabalho tem como premissa investigar diretrizes, técnicas, métodos e padrões de acessibilidade existentes no contexto do governo eletrônico, via desktop e dispositivos móveis, de forma a identificar e analisar o que pode ser aplicado no processo de desenvolvimento para tornar acessíveis suas aplicações. Diante do crescimento da tecnologia e da necessidade de inclusão digital, o foco do trabalho destina-se a pessoa com deficiência, visando algo que possa atingir a todos de forma mínima. Assim, o trabalho teve como objetivo elaborar um conjunto de 35 recomendações de acessibilidade para aplicações móveis, adaptado do Modelo de Acessibilidade em Governo Eletrônico (e-MAG), padrão que consiste em recomendações específicas para o desenvolvimento de sítios e portais web do governo brasileiro. Após a adaptação das recomendações, foi realizado uma avaliação de 12 aplicativos do governo eletrônico, a avaliação foi uma inspeção por revisão de guidelines feita por um especialista, no caso, o próprio autor. A avaliação teve como objetivo validar as recomendações propostas, verificando a forma como o conteúdo e a informação são disponibilizados, isto é, se os aplicativos são efetivamente acessíveis. Pelos resultados obtidos, foi possível identificar que todas as aplicações apresentaram problemas de acessibilidade, prejudicando assim, a interação do usuário com a aplicação móvel. Também foi elaborado um questionário de acessibilidade formado pelas mesmas recomendações adaptadas, onde foi solicitado que pessoas voluntárias com deficiência o respondessem. Desta forma, o usuário atribuía um nível de relevância para cada recomendação do questionário, identificando ser muito ou pouco relevante para ele. Ao todo obtivemos 103 respostas, e de acordo com as análises realizadas, foi identificada variações de relevância entre os grupos e subgrupos de usuários que responderam o questionário, principalmente de pessoas com deficiência visual, nosso grupo mais expressivo neste trabalho, variando de usuários com visão próximo do normal a total cegueira. Com isso, foi possível elaborar uma lista de prioridades de recomendações de acessibilidade. A lista de prioridades tem como objetivo garantir que os principais requisitos de acessibilidade sejam implementados nas primeiras versões do software, ou seja, as recomendações consideradas mais relevantes pelos usuários, são consideradas prioritárias para o processo de desenvolvimento de aplicações móveis do governo eletrônico / The present work has as premise to investigate guidelines, techniques, methods and standards of accessibility existing in the context of e-government, via desktop and mobile devices, in order to identify and analyze what can be applied in the development process to make its applications accessible. Faced with the growth of technology and the need for digital inclusion, the focus of the work is aimed at people with disabilities, aiming at something that can reach everyone in a minimal way. The purpose of this study was to elaborate a set of 35 accessibility recommendations for mobile applications, adapted from the Electronic Government Accessibility Model (e-MAG), a standard that consists of specific recommendations for the development of websites and web portals of the Brazilian government . After adapting the recommendations, an evaluation of 12 e-government applications was carried out, the evaluation was a revision review of guidelines made by a specialist, in this case, the author himself. The evaluation aimed to validate the proposed recommendations, verifying how content and information are made available, that is, whether applications are effectively accessible. From the results obtained, it was possible to identify that all the applications presented accessibility problems, thus impairing the user interaction with the mobile application. An accessibility questionnaire was also prepared, which was made up of the same adapted recommendations, where volunteers with disabilities were asked to respond. In this way, the user assigned a level of relevance to each recommendation of the questionnaire, identifying it to be very or slightly relevant to it. In all, we obtained 103 responses, and according to the analyzes, we identified variations of relevance among the groups and subgroups of users who answered the questionnaire, mainly of people with visual impairment, our most expressive group in this study, ranging from users with vision close to normal to total blindness. This has made it possible to draw up a list of priorities for accessibility recommendations. The list of priorities aims to ensure that the main accessibility requirements are implemented in the first versions of the software, that is, the recommendations considered most relevant by the users, are considered as priorities for the process of developing e-government mobile applications

O presente trabalho tem como premissa investigar diretrizes, técnicas, métodos e padrões de acessibilidade existentes no contexto do governo eletrônico, via desktop e dispositivos móveis, de forma a identificar e analisar o que pode ser aplicado no processo de desenvolvimento para tornar acessíveis suas aplicações. Diante do crescimento da tecnologia e da necessidade de inclusão digital, o foco do trabalho destina-se a pessoa com deficiência, visando algo que possa atingir a todos de forma mínima. Assim, o trabalho teve como objetivo elaborar um conjunto de 35 recomendações de acessibilidade para aplicações móveis, adaptado do Modelo de Acessibilidade em Governo Eletrônico (e-MAG), padrão que consiste em recomendações específicas para o desenvolvimento de sítios e portais web do governo brasileiro. Após a adaptação das recomendações, foi realizado uma avaliação de 12 aplicativos do governo eletrônico, a avaliação foi uma inspeção por revisão de guidelines feita por um especialista, no caso, o próprio autor. A avaliação teve como objetivo validar as recomendações propostas, verificando a forma como o conteúdo e a informação são disponibilizados, isto é, se os aplicativos são efetivamente acessíveis. Pelos resultados obtidos, foi possível identificar que todas as aplicações apresentaram problemas de acessibilidade, prejudicando assim, a interação do usuário com a aplicação móvel. Também foi elaborado um questionário de acessibilidade formado pelas mesmas recomendações adaptadas, onde foi solicitado que pessoas voluntárias com deficiência o respondessem. Desta forma, o usuário atribuía um nível de relevância para cada recomendação do questionário, identificando ser muito ou pouco relevante para ele. Ao todo obtivemos 103 respostas, e de acordo com as análises realizadas, foi identificada variações de relevância entre os grupos e subgrupos de usuários que responderam o questionário, principalmente de pessoas com deficiência visual, nosso grupo mais expressivo neste trabalho, variando de usuários com visão próximo do normal a total cegueira. Com isso, foi possível elaborar uma lista de prioridades de recomendações de acessibilidade. A lista de prioridades tem como objetivo garantir que os principais requisitos de acessibilidade sejam implementados nas primeiras versões do software, ou seja, as recomendações consideradas mais relevantes pelos usuários, são consideradas prioritárias para o processo de desenvolvimento de aplicações móveis do governo eletrônico / The present work has as premise to investigate guidelines, techniques, methods and standards of accessibility existing in the context of e-government, via desktop and mobile devices, in order to identify and analyze what can be applied in the development process to make its applications accessible. Faced with the growth of technology and the need for digital inclusion, the focus of the work is aimed at people with disabilities, aiming at something that can reach everyone in a minimal way. The purpose of this study was to elaborate a set of 35 accessibility recommendations for mobile applications, adapted from the Electronic Government Accessibility Model (e-MAG), a standard that consists of specific recommendations for the development of websites and web portals of the Brazilian government . After adapting the recommendations, an evaluation of 12 e-government applications was carried out, the evaluation was a revision review of guidelines made by a specialist, in this case, the author himself. The evaluation aimed to validate the proposed recommendations, verifying how content and information are made available, that is, whether applications are effectively accessible. From the results obtained, it was possible to identify that all the applications presented accessibility problems, thus impairing the user interaction with the mobile application. An accessibility questionnaire was also prepared, which was made up of the same adapted recommendations, where volunteers with disabilities were asked to respond. In this way, the user assigned a level of relevance to each recommendation of the questionnaire, identifying it to be very or slightly relevant to it. In all, we obtained 103 responses, and according to the analyzes, we identified variations of relevance among the groups and subgroups of users who answered the questionnaire, mainly of people with visual impairment, our most expressive group in this study, ranging from users with vision close to normal to total blindness. This has made it possible to draw up a list of priorities for accessibility recommendations. The list of priorities aims to ensure that the main accessibility requirements are implemented in the first versions of the software, that is, the recommendations considered most relevant by the users, are considered as priorities for the process of developing e-government mobile applications

Utilizando tecnologia móvel oferecemos um curso de atualização sobre medida indireta da pressão arterial para profissionais de enfermagem de três Unidades Básicas de Saúde do Distrito Oeste do município de Ribeirão Preto. Estudo descritivo exploratório que contou com a participação de 11 auxiliares de enfermagem. Avaliamos estes profissionais em quatro fases distintas: avaliação diagnóstica, processual, somativa e de uso da tecnologia móvel e avaliação teórico-prática. Os resultados indicam lacunas no conhecimento relativo a alguns aspectos que envolvem a medida indireta da pressão arterial, quando da avaliação das atividades pedagógicas na fase processual. A maioria dos profissionais obteve bom desempenho na realização do procedimento após o curso. Todos 11 (100,0%) avaliaram positivamente o uso do dispositivo móvel (Tablet) na educação permanente em serviço, indicando que gostariam de participar de outras experiências com o uso do recurso. Concluímos que o presente estudo apresenta limitações decorrentes do reduzido numero de participantes, além de imposições estabelecidas pelo serviço, quanto à guarda dos equipamentos. Neste sentido recomendamos a realização de novos estudos com vistas a dimensionar melhor os aspectos aqui identificados. / An updating course on indirect blood pressure measurement, using mobile technology, was offered to nursing professionals from three Basic Health Units of the Western District of the city of Ribeirão Preto. This exploratory and descriptive study had the participation of 11 nursing auxiliaries. These professionals were evaluated in four different phases: diagnostic, processual and summative assessments and use of mobile technology and theory and practice evaluation. Results indicate gaps in knowledge related to aspects that involve indirect blood pressure measurement, when evaluating the educational activities in the processual phase. Most professionals had a good performance on accomplishing the procedure after the course. All 11 (100.0%) positively evaluated the use of the mobile device (Tablet) in continuing education at service, indicating they would like to participate in other activities using the resource. It was concluded that this study has limitations due to the small number of participants and the rules established by the service as to the custody of equipments. Thus, further studies should be proposed in order to better scale the aspects identified by this study.

Submitted by Mariana Dornelles Vargas (marianadv) on 2015-05-25T14:44:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 eduadapt.pdf: 9932813 bytes, checksum: 4d3f643718fc7bc9a2c0bfe5c84611d6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-25T14:44:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 eduadapt.pdf: 9932813 bytes, checksum: 4d3f643718fc7bc9a2c0bfe5c84611d6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Nenhuma / O aumento da popularidade de tecnologias móveis para o acesso a informação possibilitou o alcance a conteúdos educacionais por qualquer pessoa, em qualquer momento e lugar. Contudo, a flexibilidade proporcionada por tal tecnologia exige esforços afim de manter versões do conteúdo para diversas configurações de dispositivo e adaptadas para as características de aprendizado dos alunos. Tendo em vista o crescimento do uso de dispositivos móveis e da educação a distância, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo de propor um modelo de arquitetura destinado a adaptação de objetos de aprendizagem considerando características do dispositivo, estilo de aprendizagem do aluno. O modelo proposto faz uso de ontologias e regras para assim adaptar da melhor forma os objetos de aprendizagem e proporcionar maior contato do aluno aos conteúdos educacionais. Afim de avaliar a aplicação do modelo proposto foram descritos cenários e aplicadas métricas avaliativas para a ontologia. Também foi desenvolvido um protótipo do modelo e submetido em uma turma de 20 alunos com a intenção de avaliar a usabilidade e aderência aos objetos adaptados, resultando em 78% de aceitação. / The increased popularity of mobile technologies to access information possible reach the educational content by anyone, anytime, anywhere. However, the flexibility offered by such technology requires efforts in order to maintain content versions for different device configurations and adapted to the characteristics of student learning. With the increased use of mobile devices and distance education, this paper aims to propose an architectural model, for the adaptation of learning objects considering device characteristics and learning style. The proposed model makes use of ontologies and rules as well as the use of context and learning style of the student and features of the mobile device, to adapt in the best way the learning objects and provide greater contact with the student’s educational content . In order to evaluate the implementation of the proposed model scenarios were described and evaluative metrics applied to the ontology. It has also developed a prototype of the model and submitted in a class of 20 students with the intention of evaluating the usability and adherence to objects adapted , resulting in 78% acceptance.

The increasingly ubiquitous nature of mobile devices among K-12 students has led many to argue for and against the inclusion of mobile devices in K-12 classrooms. Some have conjectured that access to mobile devices may enable student self-directed learning. This research used a mixed-method approach to explore the relationships between mobile devices and student achievement and self-directed learning during a Science, Technology, Engineering, & Mathematics (STEM) activity in a middle school Technology and Engineering Education classroom. In this study, 706 students from 18 classes worked in groups of 2-3 to complete an open-ended engineering design challenge. Students completed design portfolios and constructed prototypes. Classes were randomly divided with some receiving access to mobile devices during the study while others did not. Additionally, randomly assigned classes completed the design portfolio electronically while others completed the portfolio on paper. Final student portfolios and products were assessed using adaptive comparative judgment (ACJ). In ACJ, judges view two artifacts (portfolios or products) electronically and choose the better of the two. Repeating this process, a number of times produced a rank-order for the artifacts. The rank order for student portfolios and products represented student achievement. Statistical analyses of student access, portfolio type, student self-directed learning, and student achievement were conducted. Thirty student interviews and five teacher interviews were conducted and interviewees were asked questions regarding mobile devices, self-directed learning, and their experience during the study. Responses from the interviews were transcribed and coded using causation and thematic coding techniques. The resulting themes from the interviews helped clarify the quantitative findings. Findings from both the quantitative and qualitative analyses showed that student access to mobile devices was significantly correlated with higher scores on student design portfolios while student achievement on design products was independent of mobile device access. This suggests that mobile devices may improve student achievement in certain types of scenarios but not in others. Student self-directed learning was independent of mobile device access. Students and teachers both commented that mobile devices may be effective at increasing student self-directed learning or achievement but only through proper instruction and demonstration.

Durch die zunehmende Anzahl mobiler Endgeräte wie Smartphones sowie der Digitalisierung des öffentlichen Raums stehen ubiquitäre Umgebungen verstärkt im Fokus der Forschung. Werden die Endgeräte und zugehörigen Dienste einer solchen Umgebung zu einer kompositen, ubiquitären Anwendung (kubi App) zusammengefasst, so kann der Anwender auf diese über eine komposite Benutzerschnittstelle zugreifen, z. B. von seinem persönlichen Smartphone aus. Aus der Übertragung des Mashup-Entwicklungsansatzes auf ubiquitäre Umgebungen ergeben sich Implikationen, die im vorliegenden Beitrag untersucht werden sollen. Anhand der Untersuchung verwandter Forschungsarbeiten lassen sich wichtige funktionale Anforderungen aus der Perspektive der ubiquitären Umgebung und der Endgeräte formulieren, die im Rahmen dieses Beitrages vorgestellt werden. Anhand der Anforderungen wird eine Referenzarchitektur zu einem Entwicklungsframework für kubi Apps vorgestellt, die als Grundlage zur Entwicklung zukünftiger Laufzeitumgebungen dienen soll.

La thèse se propose de documenter les domaines du développement de la compréhension écrite en L2 chez des publics de non-spécialistes et de l’intégration des technologies de l’information et de la communication pour l’enseignement en contexte vénézuélien. Pour ce faire, la recherche s’appuie sur la conception, la mise en œuvre et l’analyse de deux dispositifs d’apprentissage de l’anglais comme langue étrangère, distanciels, intégrant des outils collaboratifs dans le contexte de la faculté d’ingénierie de l’université de Carabobo au Vénézuéla. Ces deux dispositifs permettent le recueil de données de recherche et de données écologiques, qui sont structurées en corpus puis traitées. A partir de ces données hétérogènes, sont étudiés particulièrement les processus de collaboration entre élèves-ingénieurs dans des tâches de lecture en anglais L2, le développement des compétences en compréhension écrite et l’utilisation des dispositifs électroniques mobiles pendant ces tâches collaboratives. / This thesis proposes to document the fields of the development of the writing comprehension in L2 among non-specialist publics and the integration of the information and communication technologies for the teaching in Venezuelan context. In order to do this, this research is based on the design, implementation and analysis of two devices of learning English as a foreign language, distant, integrating collaborative tools in the context of the faculty of engineering of the University of Carabobo in Venezuela. These two devices allow the collection of researching data and ecological data, which are structured in corpus and then processed. From these heterogeneous data, the collaborative processes between student-engineers in L2 reading tasks, the development of written comprehension skills and the use of mobile electronic devices during these collaborative tasks

Historically, progress in technology development has continually created new opportunities for criminal activities which, in turn, have triggered the need for the development of new security-sensitive systems. Organisations are now adopting mobile technologies for numerous applications to capitalise on the mobile revolution. They are now able to increase their operational efficiency as well as responsiveness and competitiveness and, most importantly, can now meet new, growing customers’ demands. However, although mobile technologies and applications present many new opportunities, they also present challenges. Threats to mobile phone applications are always on the rise and, therefore, compel organisations to invest money and time, among other technical controls, in an attempt to protect them from incurring losses. The computerisation of core activities (such as mobile banking in the banking industry, for example) has effectively exposed organisations to a host of complex fraud challenges that they have to deal with in addition to their core business of providing services to their end consumers. Fraudsters are able to use mobile devices to remotely access enterprise applications and subsequently perform fraudulent transactions. When this occurs, it is important to effectively investigate and manage the cause and findings, as well as to prevent any future similar attacks. Unfortunately, clients and consumers of these organisations are often ignorant of the risks to their assets and the consequences of the compromises that might occur. Organisations are therefore obliged, at least, to put in place measures that will not only minimise fraud but also be capable of detecting and preventing further similar incidents. The goal of this research was to develop a unified fraud management and digital forensic framework to improve the security of Information Technology (IT) processes and operations in organisations that make available mobile phone applications to their clients for business purposes. The research was motivated not only by the increasing reliance of organisations on mobile applications to service their customers but also by the fact that digital forensics and fraud management are often considered to be separate entities at an organisational level. This study proposes a unified approach to fraud management and digital forensic analysis to simultaneously manage and investigate fraud that occurs through the use of mobile phone applications. The unified Fraud Management and Digital Forensic (FMDF) framework is designed to (a) determine the suspicious degree of fraudulent transactions and (b) at the same time, to feed into a process that facilitates the investigation of incidents. A survey was conducted with subject matter experts in the banking environment. Data was generated through a participatory self-administered online questionnaire. Collected data was then presented, analysed and interpreted quantitatively and qualitatively. The study found that there was a general understanding of the common fraud management methodologies and approaches throughout the banking industry and the use thereof. However, while many of the respondents indicated that fraud detection was an integral part of their processes, they take a rather reactive approach when it comes to fraud management and digital forensics. Part of the reason for the reactive approach is that many investigations are conducted in silos, with no central knowledge repository where previous cases can be retrieved for comparative purposes. Therefore, confidentiality, integrity and availability of data are critical for continued business operations. To mitigate the pending risks, the study proposed a new way of thinking that combines both components of fraud management and digital forensics for an optimised approach to managing security in mobile applications. The research concluded that the unified FMDF approach was considered to be helpful and valuable to professionals who participated in the survey. Although the case study focused on the banking industry, the study appears to be instrumental in informing other types of organisations that make available the use of mobile applications for their clients in fraud risk awareness and risk management in general. / Computing / M. Sc. (Computing)