Architectural heritage, as an important form of the past, has been attracted increasing awareness. Nowadays there is a shared common view in the world that to protect architectural heritage reasonably and based on scientific methods is a necessity of our age. This dissertation intends to analyze and compare the policies for the protection of the architectural heritage in East Asian and European countries. Japan, China, Singapore, Italy, Britain and Germany are selected as representative countries. This dissertation is a non-empirical study, the main method for research is the documentary analysis. The contents of relevant literature and documents were comparatively analyzed by focusing on three issues: legislation, administration, finance. Each issue within six representative countries is described respectively. Based on such descriptions, a comprehensive comparison of each issue is conducted. These descriptions and comparisons can form the results of study and provide a remarkable insight into such issues of architectural heritage conservation in East Asian and European countries. The conservation legislation of the representative countries is examined respectively in the process of reviewing their conservation movement. As a result of the review process, the main laws that apply to their present conservation practices are presented. Important provisions concerning architectural conservation of the main laws are described; some possible similarities and differences of these provisions are analyzed and compared. This can deliver a general understanding about the policy framework or institutions in these countries\' architectural conservation. The administrative structures of the representative countries are analyzed from four levels: national, regional or local, consultation commissions and civic organizations. This dissertation summarizes some main authorities or organizations responsible for architectural conservation and their duties. In reference to previous descriptions, this dissertation analyzes and compares the characteristics of administrative structures of architectural conservation in East Asian and European countries based on the national and regional/local authorities. It can be concluded that most countries have been moving towards decentralization with varying degrees since the last decades of the 20th century. This dissertation also explores some possible motives for decentralized administration, analyzes the status quo of decentralization in the field of architectural conservation in different East Asian and European countries. This dissertation also provides an overview of their different financial policies in the field of architectural conservation from two aspects: direct public finance and indirect finance. In their conservation practices, direct public funds invested in architectural conservation projects mainly come from central and local subsidies. Two proportions of central and local subsidies in conservation projects are summarized. This dissertation concludes that direct public finance is the main source of their conservation funds but the supply of direct public finance is often limited. In this context, this dissertation argues the important role of indirect finance in the field of architectural conservation, gives some possible ways to improve the efficiency of indirect financing.

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A thesis is concerned with the functioning of the State Castle and Chateau of Cesky Krumlov and with the impact of the UNESCO monument on the krumlov's tourist destination and region. A theoretical part is focused on area of the legal regulations of monument preservation and on possibilities of the financing of historical monuments in the Czech republic, as well as on economic contexts of the historical areas and on the theory of regional development and tourist trade. An applicative part focuses on the rich history of krumlov's region, as well as on the building and historical development of the town Český Krumlov. The basic part is dedicated to the economic analyze of functioning of the castle and to the effectiveness of functioning of krumlov's tourist destination. Krumlov should be apprehended in the wider regional context therefore is final part dedicated to the analyze of potential regional tourist corridors. The aim of this thesis is to make analyze of functioning of the State Castle and Chateau Český Krumlov in light of effectiveness and operating potential into the future and demonstrate basis functional absences and unimproved developing potentiality of krumlov's tourist destination in the wider context of regional development.

This thesis called Options of fundig heritage conservation with the example of the city Polná is focused on the explanation of the system of heritage preservation in the Czech Republic and significance of the historical monuments and care for the cultural heritage. The most important part deals with the determination of the various options for financing monument preservation. The first chapter defines the basic concepts. This section includes the functions and competences of organizations and institutions in preservation and care for historical monuments, legislature and the obligations of owners of cultural monuments. The second chapter is focused on defining the various options for financing of preservation of monuments. These options include the grant programs of Ministry of culture, budgets of the municipal and regional authorities, the European Union and other sources. The third chapter explains the financial system of territorial autonomies. Covering general information about incomes, expenditures and making the regional and municipal budgets. Because of this these budgets are an important source of funding for heritage conservation. The last chapter of the theoretical part is devoted to the economic importance of heritage. The practical part of this thesis is focused on the city Polná. In this part we can find the main information about this city, the system of the heritage preservation in the region Vysočina and its organizations and institutions. The practical part includes also the list of the main historical and cultural monuments, which are located in the city Polná. The last part of the thesis (chapter seven) evaluates the using of grants and founding sources for financing care for the cultural heritage in the previous eight years. This chapter also includes recommendations for further options available for this problem in the future.

This study consists of an analysis of the artwork Conversazioni, by the artist Oliviero Rainaldi. It is a monumental bronze sculpture  situated in Rome, Italy, portraying the pope John Paul II. The initiative for the monument honouring the late pope was taken for the official celebrations of his beatification in 2011. This contemporary artwork is executed in a stylized form with very few details. The study aims to put in evidence the multiple layers of meaning which can be found, in opposition to the visible simplicity of its shape. The major narrative context emerges through an in- depth investigation of possible interpretations. This pope had a well known devotion to the Virgin Mary, a character strongly connected with the concept of mercy, being mercifulness a characteristics of Cristian faith. The artist has expressed this concept by focalizing on the opened cloak of the pope referring to the Virgin of Mercy, a Marian model of medieval origin. Furthermore it is possible to find and interpret other biblical quotations.  The theoretical framework consists in the one built around the art historian Erwin Panofsky’s iconographical three-step method. Referring to Panofsky this study could best be classified as an iconological analysis since  the intrinsic meanings of  rather vague and complicated  symbolisms have been sought. The method has consisted in field studies of the sculpture and its context as well as literature studies in order to create a background for major comprehension of the subject. An interview with the author of the artefact has also been made.  The work became immediately heavily critiziced in mass media both because of its supposedly unflattering shape and the  lack of resemblance with the portrayed person. The debate came to the point where the artist agreed to modify it. The study contains opinions from both people and institutions collected from  italian newspaper articles written after the unveiling of the statue.  An attempt has been done to try to better understand the negative reception it received. The answers can only be suppositions. Nevertheless, some valid hypothesis can be formulated: contemporary artworks easily seem out of context in Rome since they are quite unfrequent; The pope’s statue is out of context twice, being one of its kind in a profane and in modern history anticlerical environment; the iconography is not easily readable for an average beholder, a circumstance that could contribute to the initial low grade of comprehension;  The statue doesn’t live up to people’s expectations of likeness; John Paul II  is not immediately recognizable which is experienced by the viewer as disturbing as it is dealing with an homage to a famous person. It seems though, that the appreciation of it, after overcoming the initial disappointment, generally has grown. A plausible theory is that the sculpture Conversazioni however, manage to visualize universally valid religious concepts such as mercifulness and protection, a welcoming gesture readable and perceptible to everyone.

This thesis deals with the Influence of Renovation on the Market Value of a Real Estate Cultural Monument. The first part of the thesis explains the terms, which are specific for the issue. The second part contains information about the selected Real Estate Cultural Monument. The influence of the reconstruction was investigated by analytical and Saaty method. A situational analysis of the market was performed, then suitable methods for valuing the Real Estate Cultural Monument were selected, namely cost valuation according to the valuation decree and valuation in a comparative manner. It is necessary to mention that the valuation of the Real Estate Cultural Monument in the state before the reconstruction and in the state after the reconstruction was performed. Subsequently, the resulting values were compared. In the end, the investment spent on the reconstruction is also verbally evaluated.

The aim of the proposed changes are aimed at creating a vertical division of functionality. The basement will be used for public purposes, the 1st floor will keep it's use as commercial spaces for rent, with less exposed parts of the disposition being converted into administrative spaces. The 2nd floor will be converted into flats of different sizes to accommodate a broad range of social classes, which should help bring life back to the city center. Much consideration is given to budgetary concerns, since the private owners have limited resources, while the changes should affect the daily routines of the tenants as little as possible. Another goal is to remove some of the insensitive building interventions made during the communist era, to restore the historical values of the entire building.

Architectural heritage, as an important form of the past, has been attracted increasing awareness. Nowadays there is a shared common view in the world that to protect architectural heritage reasonably and based on scientific methods is a necessity of our age. This dissertation intends to analyze and compare the policies for the protection of the architectural heritage in East Asian and European countries. Japan, China, Singapore, Italy, Britain and Germany are selected as representative countries. This dissertation is a non-empirical study, the main method for research is the documentary analysis. The contents of relevant literature and documents were comparatively analyzed by focusing on three issues: legislation, administration, finance. Each issue within six representative countries is described respectively. Based on such descriptions, a comprehensive comparison of each issue is conducted. These descriptions and comparisons can form the results of study and provide a remarkable insight into such issues of architectural heritage conservation in East Asian and European countries. The conservation legislation of the representative countries is examined respectively in the process of reviewing their conservation movement. As a result of the review process, the main laws that apply to their present conservation practices are presented. Important provisions concerning architectural conservation of the main laws are described; some possible similarities and differences of these provisions are analyzed and compared. This can deliver a general understanding about the policy framework or institutions in these countries\' architectural conservation. The administrative structures of the representative countries are analyzed from four levels: national, regional or local, consultation commissions and civic organizations. This dissertation summarizes some main authorities or organizations responsible for architectural conservation and their duties. In reference to previous descriptions, this dissertation analyzes and compares the characteristics of administrative structures of architectural conservation in East Asian and European countries based on the national and regional/local authorities. It can be concluded that most countries have been moving towards decentralization with varying degrees since the last decades of the 20th century. This dissertation also explores some possible motives for decentralized administration, analyzes the status quo of decentralization in the field of architectural conservation in different East Asian and European countries. This dissertation also provides an overview of their different financial policies in the field of architectural conservation from two aspects: direct public finance and indirect finance. In their conservation practices, direct public funds invested in architectural conservation projects mainly come from central and local subsidies. Two proportions of central and local subsidies in conservation projects are summarized. This dissertation concludes that direct public finance is the main source of their conservation funds but the supply of direct public finance is often limited. In this context, this dissertation argues the important role of indirect finance in the field of architectural conservation, gives some possible ways to improve the efficiency of indirect financing.

Historiska platser är något som kan användas i historieundervisning. Med tanke på detta har vi valt att undersöka hur man som lärare i sin yrkesprofession har möjlighet att använda sig av historiska platser i sin undervisning. Därutöver är det viktigt att förstå på vilket sätt historiska platser påverkar eleverna och vad man som lärare kan göra för att skapa den mest fördelaktiga undervisningen. I den första delen av arbetet har vi valt att fokusera på lärarens roll i undervisning med historiska platser och hur man som lärare kan tänka och vad syftet är med historiska platser i sin undervisning. Under rubriken Hur påverkar undervisning med historiska platser och minnesmärken eleverna har vi valt att lägga fokus på eleverna, deras upplevelser och lärdomar av undervisning med historiska platser. I texten behandlas även Förintelsen som kunskapsområde och dess anknutna historiska platser såsom koncentrationsläger. I vår kunskapsöversikt har vi använt oss av kunskapssökning som metod och vi har använt oss av databaserna ERC (Educational Research Centre), ERIC (Education Resources Information Center) och SwePub. Vår slutsats blev att användning av historiska platser i historieundervisningen ses som någonting positivt överlag hos både lärare och elever. Med hjälp av begreppet haptik kan man se att fysisk inlärning där eleverna vid olika studiebesök får se och röra historiska platser främjar lärandet hos eleverna då det ger en annan sorts inlärning än den i klassrummet som ofta sker med hjälp av läroböcker och genomgångar. Dock anser vissa lärare att det går lika bra att behandla historiska platser i klassrummet istället för ett fysiskt besök, dessutom tar vissa elever illa vid sig vid besök av platser som är väldigt negativt laddade, exempelvis platser som hör till Förintelsen.

Dinosaur National Monument, in northwestern Colorado and northeastern Utah, is comprised of 206,409 acres and contains several deer winter ranges. A need for deer studies developed because of winter deer mortality and deteriorating range conditions'on some parts of the Monument. Approximately 500 deer winter on the Yampa Bench and approximately 300 deer winter on the Island Park winter range. These are the two main winter ranges within the Monument. Deer on the Yampa Bench migrated an average of 7.3 air miles to the south and summered on the Blue Mountain Plateau during the summer of 1966. This Plateau is owned by the Bureau of Land Management and private individuals. Deer from the Island Park winter range migrated an average of 22.6 air miles to the northwest in 1967, onto the Diamond Mountain Plateau and the Ashley National Forest. Deer tagged on the Split Mountain winter range were found to travel to the south and west. These deer summered mainly upon private lands. Deer remain on Harpers Corner approximately 10 months of the year until deep snows force them to lower elevations on Yampa Bench in early February and from which they return in early April. Vegetation composition and density data gave evidence that the deer and sheep which use the west end of the Yampa Bench are competing for forage. Carrying capacity data suggest that sheep use of this area be reduced. Carrying capacity data for the Split Mountain range suggest that cattle use should be reduced. If grazing use was kept off this area until June, the grasses would have a better opportunity to put on good growth before utilization of them began. Other winter ranges within the Monument are well within their carrying capacity limits. Thus, a safeguard exists on most winter ranges against deer winter mortality. The physical condition of deer on the Monument's winter ranges was very good during the winters of 1966 and 1967. Consequently, deer winter mortality was found to be slight on the Monument's ranges during these two winters. A few does remain on winter range areas within the Monument to summer. They generally 'use the river islands and the relatively inaccessible canyon slopes as fawning grounds. Nearly all of the deer that winter within the Monument migrate to higher elevations off the Monument to summer. This makes them subject to reduction by hunting. Deer hunting pressure on the hunting units adjoining the Monument has in recent years been sufficient to keep deer numbers within their respective winter range carrying capacities.