[pt] Esta dissertação examina a fronteira entre a prática do design e a da produção cenográfica, tendo como referência a produção cênica da ópera. Argumenta-se aqui que tanto a prática do design quanto a do produtor cenográfico são formas de trabalho, situando-as segundo a categoria fundamental de Marx em que o trabalho é a base da constituição da vida social na humanidade. Logo, significa dizer que ambas as atividades estão submetidas às transformações e o estranhamento a que o trabalho passou na consolidação da sociedade burguesa. Defende-se neste trabalho a noção da sociedade burguesa como uma sociedade espetacular, na qual a produção cultural é orientada por uma crescente submissão do capital cultural ao capital econômico. Percebe-se a prática do design como um resultado da divisão social do trabalho na sociedade burguesa, em que sua função é a de reorganizar a produção industrial e submetê-la às demandas dessa sociedade, através da gestão da produção estranhada e da configuração simbólica pautada pela diferenciação e produção de novos valores de troca. Situa-se a ópera como um produto social da cultura da Idade Moderna, cuja função social está na organização do teatro lírico, importante espaço social das elites ocidentais durante esse período, que, com a sociedade burguesa, passa por um processo de comodificação e transformação em mercadoria cultural. A produção cenográfica, originalmente, um saber fazer artesanal, logo não estranhando, passa a ser fragmentado e alienado na figura da direção cênica moderna, ou seja, do diretor de arte, voltando para gestão da cena e diferenciação da mesma. Conclui-se que ambas essas práticas culturais, mesmo que distintas, se aproximam historicamente devido à sua submissão ao estranhamento e aos impactos subsequentes do mesmo. / [en] In this work we examine the barriers between the design praxis and scenography production, based on the scenic production of opera. Both the design praxis and the scenography production are defended here as forms of labor, which means that these practices are analyzed on the lens of Marx fundamental category, where labor operates as the constitutional basis of social life and humankind. This also means that both these praxes are submitted to the transformations and contradictions that characterize the labor category in the bourgeois society. Especially that of the industrial division of labor and its consecutive estrangement, so as it s impacts on cultural production and social life. The concept of bourgeois society defended in this work is that of a spectacular society, where cultural production is the result of a constant growing domination of economic capital value over cultural capital value. Here, the praxis of design is comprehended as the result of such division of labor, as presented above, where its function resides in reorganizing the industrial production in order to subdue it, to this new social demands, by the managing of its estragemented production and by constantly configuring new forms of symbolic differentiation and exchange values. Opera is presented here as a social product of Modern Period culture, and its social function residing in the organization of the lyric theatre, an important social space for the occidental elites in that period, a space that was commodified and transformed into cultural merchandise with the bourgeois society. The scenographic production is also presented as an artisanal and not estragemented labor practice in its origin, and sees its transformation with the appearance of the modern cenic direction, and the set designer. A labour practice that also resides in symbolic differentiation and commodified configuration. It concludes that both praxis of design and scenography production, although distinct, shares a common moment in history due to both submission to the estrangement phenomenon and its social impacts.

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<p>En studie av teaterdekoratören, konstnären och arkitekten Louis Jean Desprez' betydelse för Gustaf III nationella projekt, att förena sitt folk och skapa en nationell identitet med hjälp av opera och teater.</p> / <p>A study in the importance of the theatre decorateur artist and architect Louis Jean Desprez' for the national project of Gustaf III, to unite his people and create a national identity by using theatre and opera</p>

En studie av teaterdekoratören, konstnären och arkitekten Louis Jean Desprez' betydelse för Gustaf III nationella projekt, att förena sitt folk och skapa en nationell identitet med hjälp av opera och teater. / A study in the importance of the theatre decorateur artist and architect Louis Jean Desprez' for the national project of Gustaf III, to unite his people and create a national identity by using theatre and opera

Doctorat en philosophie et lettres / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

The first opera by Bohuslav Martinů (from the total of 16) named Voják a tanečnice (The Soldier and the Dancer), H. 162 was created in the initial years of Martinů's stay in Paris (1926-1927), when the effort to reflect different contemporary music trends and influences can be traced in his compositions. Voják a tanečnice is an original example of absorbing such influences on the background of the three-act comic opera. Together with the librettist, Jan Löwenbach, they tried to create a "new opera buffa", which was however not understood by the contemporary reviewers. The opera was first performed in Brno in 1928. The frequency of the first performances of Martinů's stage works in the National Theatre in Brno indicates that the first performance of his first opera was not a coincidence but a part of targeted dramaturgy at the Brno stage. The opera follows both the tradition of an opera and tendencies in art of the 1920's, e. g. playing with humour in music, the epic theatre inspirations or using ancient theme. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

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In The Souls of Black Folk (1903), W.E.B. Du Bois theorized that black peoples were viewed behind a metaphorical “veil” that consisted of three interrelated aspects: the skin as an indication of African Americans’ difference from their white counterparts, white people’s lack of capacity to see African Americans as Americans, and African Americans’ lack of capacity to see themselves outside of the labels white America has given them. This, according to Du Bois, resulted in the gift and curse of “double consciousness,” the feeling that one’s identity is divided. As African Americans fought for socio-political equality, the reconciliation of these halves became essential in creating a new identity in America by creating a distinct voice in the age of modernity. Intellectuals and artists of the Harlem Renaissance began to create new art forms with progressive messages that strove to uplift the race and ultimately lift the veil. William Grant Still (1895–1978), an American composer of African descent, accomplished this goal in his opera Blue Steel (1934) by changing how blackness—defined here as characteristics attributed to and intended to indicate the otherness of people of African or African-American descent—was portrayed on the operatic stage. Still exemplifies what Houston A. Baker called “mastery of form” by presenting double consciousness in the interactions of three characters, Blue Steel, Venable, and Neola, in order to offer a new and complex reading of blackness.

Uppsatsen behandlar byxroller i operor av Händel och i kontemporär opera. Byxroller kan delas in i travestiroller, som ursprungligen komponerades för en kvinnlig sångare, och kastratroller som ursprungligen komponerades för manliga kastratsångare. Syftet var att genomföra jämförelser mellan travesti- och kastratroller i operor av Händel och även jämförelser mellan dessa och en byxroll i en kontemporär opera. Därtill kommer en undersökning kring en genusmedveten gestaltning av dessa byxroller. Forskning kring travesti- och kastratroller tas upp i samband med forskning kring genus. Intervjuer har genomförts med Ann Hallenberg, operasångare och Tove Dahlberg, operasångare och doktorand inom opera och genus. Studierna låg till grund för operaföreställningen Travesti i operans byxor, med scener ur Händels Giulio Cesare in Egitto och Radamisto samt Miklós Maros kontemporära opera Kastrater, som undersökte frågorna i uppsatsen. Sammanfattningsvis hittades både likheter och skillnader mellan undersökta byxroller samt verktyg för en genusmedveten gestaltning.

For most of the twentieth century, opera singers were not beholden to the ideal physical standard of women dictated by popular culture, but rather focused on serving the music and perfecting their artistry. Unprecedented sociocultural changes throughout the twentieth century exposed the shifting ideals of each generation and how they were promoted through mass media and advertising. This thesis surveys the time period of the 1890s to the present day for the purpose of analyzing cultural trends, philosophies and technologies that shaped the century. Societal pressure to make the body a project and the focus of one's own intense attention now reflects back onto the opera stage where audience members expect to see what society has dictated to be an acceptable female form. Artistic and stage directors are influenced by society's decree that only thin is beautiful, imbedding into the mindset of the art form notions that now affect how female professional opera singers are depicted and even employed.