The ʻaudiovisual objectʼ is a fusion of sound object and visual object to create an identifiable perceptual phenomenon, which can be treated as a ʻbuilding blockʼ in the creation of audiovisual work based primarily on electroacoustic composition practice and techniques. This thesis explores how the audiovisual object can be defined and identified in existing works, and offers an examination of how it can be used as a compositional tool. The historical development of the form and the effect of the performance venue on audience immersion is also explored. The audiovisual object concept builds upon theories of electroacoustic composition and film sound design. The audiovisual object is defined in relation to existing concepts of the sound object and visual object, while synaesthesia and cross-modal perception are examined to show how the relationship between sound and vision in the audiovisual object can be strengthened. Electroacoustic composition and animation both developed through technological advances, either the manipulation of recorded sounds, or the manipulation of drawn/photographed objects. The key stages in development of techniques and theories in both disciplines are examined and compared against each other, highlighting correlations and contrasts. The physical space where the audiovisual composition is performed also has a bearing on how the work is perceived and received. Current standard performance spaces include acousmatic concert systems, which emphasize the audio aspect over the visual, and the cinema, which focuses on the visual. Spaces which afford a much higher level of envelopment in the work include hemispheric projection, while individual experience through virtual reality systems could become a key platform. The key elements of the audiovisual object, interaction between objects and their successful use in audiovisual compositions are also investigated in a series of case studies. Specific audiovisual works are examined to highlight techniques to create successful audiovisual objects and interactions. As this research degree is in creative practice, a portfolio of 4 composed works is also included, with production notes explaining the inspiration behind and symbolism within each work, along with the practical techniques employed in their creation. The basis for each work is a short electroacoustic composition which has then been developed with abstract 3D CGI animation into an audiovisual composition, demonstrating the development of my own practice as well as exploring the concept of the audiovisual object. The concept of the audiovisual object draws together existing theories concerning the sound object, visual perception, and phenomenology. The concept, the associated investigation of how audiovisual compositions have evolved over time, and the analysis and critique of case studies based on this central concept contribute both theory and creative practice principles to this form of artistic creativity. This thesis forms a basis for approaching the creative process both as a creator and critic, and opens up a research pathway for further investigation.

A qualidade e a continuidade do fornecimento de energia elétrica aos consumidores são fatores muito importantes quando da avaliação da eficiência de um sistema elétrico de potência. Nesse contexto, os transformadores são equipamentos muito importantes e demandam especial atenção quando do projeto do esquema de proteção. Apesar do crescente desenvolvimento das metodologias de proteção de transformadores trifásicos, alguns aspectos ainda não foram totalmente solucionados. Um desses diz respeito à proteção diferencial de transformadores de potência, a qual apresenta vários problemas na discriminação de faltas internas ao transformador. A geração de correntes diferenciais provocada por fenômenos transitórios, como a energização do transformador, produz a incorreta operação do relé, ocasionando uma queda na eficiência do esquema de proteção diferencial. Assim sendo, o presente trabalho apresenta uma nova metodologia de proteção diferencial de transformadores trifásicos, a qual utiliza a transformada wavelet para extrair os sinais transitórios dominantes induzidos pelas faltas internas. A transformada wavelet é uma eficiente ferramenta utilizada no estudo de sinais não-estacionários e de rápida transição. De forma a atender os principais problemas do esquema convencional de proteção, a transformada wavelet discreta é utilizada para decompor os sinais de corrente diferencial em várias faixas de freqüências. Após essa decomposição, a variação de energia espectral dos coeficientes de detalhe wavelet é analisada pelo algoritmo proposto, e assim uma discriminação entre faltas internas e correntes de magnetização, ou correntes inrush, é feita. Usando um modelo elaborado de um sistema elétrico de transmissão são efetuadas rigorosas simulações computacionais para avaliar o desempenho do algoritmo proposto. Os resultados obtidos nessas simulações mostram que a metodologia de proteção diferencial de transformadores trifásicos baseada na variação de energia espectral dos coeficientes wavelets apresenta um ótimo desempenho quando comparada com a metodologia de proteção convencional. / Power supply quality and continuity are very important aspect when assessing the efficiency of an electric power system. In this context, the transformers are key equipments that require special attention during the protection scheme design. Despite the increasing development of methodologies for three-phase transformers protection, some aspects have not yet been fully studied. One of these aspects concerns to the differential protection of power transformers, which presents several restrictions regarding the characterization of internal faults. The observation of differential currents caused by transient phenomena such as transformer energization, produces an incorrect operation of protective relaying, causing a drop in the protection scheme efficiency. Therefore, this work presents a new methodology for differential protection of three-phase transformers using the wavelet transform to extract the transient signals induced by the dominant internal faults. The wavelet transform is an efficient tool in the study of non-stationary signals with fast transients. In order to overcome the main problems of the traditional protection scheme, the discrete wavelet transform is used to decompose the differential current signals into several bands of frequencies. After this decomposition, the spectral energy variation of the wavelet detail coefficients is analyzed by the proposed algorithm and, thus, classification between internal faults, external faults and inrush currents is performed. Using a transmission system model, accurate simulations are performed to evaluate the computational performance of the proposed protection algorithm. The results obtained in these simulations show that the proposed methodology has a great performance when compared with traditional protection philosophies.

Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Study program: Pharmacy Candidate: Jana Roubalová Consultant: RNDr. Klára Konečná, Ph.D. Title of thesis: Optimization of methods for sensitivity evaluation of biofilm-forming microbial agents towards substances with antimicrobial potential Background: The aim of this diploma thesis was to optimize the methodical approach to the production of yeast biofilms in vitro on the so-called pegs and the walls of the wells of the 96-well panel. This biofilm formation system should be an analogous approach to the commercially available Calgary Biofilm Device. 10 strains of Candida yeast and 4 different culture media (nutritionally poor / rich) were used to optimize the methodology. Both the reference strains and the clinical isolates were among the yeast strains tested. Methods: The ability to form yeast biofilms by different strains in different culture media was evaluated by the approach of fixation, staining of the formed biofilms by crystal violet and extraction and spectrophotometric measurement of the intensity of the extracted color. Results: Individual strains, after cultivation in different media, were categorized according to their ability to form biofilm. Larger yeast adherence occurs in the wells than on pegs where the yeast adhered very...

Title: The Recumbent bicycle as a World Phenomenon. Objectives: The main goal of this thesis is to map the situation of recumbent bicycles abroad and then to compare it with the situation in the Czech Republic. Furthermore, the key differences are discussed. Methods: The thesis uses the method of quantitative data collection. The collection of data was done primarily and through half-structured questionnaires. In addition, the method of interview was applied as a supportive one. The Results: According to a qualified estimate there are about 550 - 600 thousand of recumbent cyclists. The biggest differences of both groups lie in the following aspects. Cyclists abroad possess of 21,7 % of recumbent bicycles of their own construction less (2,5 %) than the Czech cyclists do. 70 % of foreign cyclists ride their recumbent bicycles from 2 to 3 times per week or every day, the Czechs like these are of 36,4 %. 59,5 % of foreign cyclists state as a reason to ride their recumbent the health prevention. The Czechs do that only in 33,3 %. Conclusion: The research shows interesting connections between the Czech and the foreign cyclists of recumbent bicycles and, at the same time, some differences. The most interesting is the perception of the recumbent bicycle as a mean to strengthen one's health. The future...

Le présent travail propose d’examiner le projet phénoménologique de Jean-Luc Marion en le caractérisant comme une herméneutique de l’amour. Il s’agit, ce faisant, de trouver au sein des possibles de la phénoménologie de la donation une réponse aux deux principales objections qu’elle a reçu : l’objection herméneutique (Greisch, Grondin et autres) et l’objection théologique (Janicaud, Benoist et autres). En suivant le modèle de la phénoménologie du jeune Heidegger, la phénoménologie de la donation opère comme une herméneutique en tant qu’elle doit déchiffrer le sens énigmatique du phénomène saturée et elle ne le fait qu’en s’appropriant philosophiquement d’une idée théologique : l’idée de l’amour. L’amour en tant que Grundstimmung fonctionne comme puissance de phénoménalisation de la donation. / The present work aims to examine Marion’s phenomenological project by characterizing it as a hermeneutics of love. In doing so, I will try to find within the possibilities of the phenomenology of donation an answer to the two main objections it has received: the hermeneutic objection (Greisch, Grondin, and others) and the theological objection (Janicaud, Benoist, and others). Following the young Heidegger’s phenomenology, the phenomenology of givenness operates as a hermeneutics insofar as it must decipher the enigmatic sense of the saturated phenomenon and it does so only by philosophically appropriating a theological

Le syndrome de l’imposteur peut être source d’une grande souffrance. Soixante-deux à 70% de la population peuvent être amenés à douter, ne serait-ce qu’une fois, de la légitimité de leur statut. Ces questionnements s’orientent sur l’impression de tromper les autres, sur les attributions de sa situation et sur la peur de voir son incompétence mise à jour. Malgré sa prévalence, peu d’études s’intéressent au caractère pathologique de ce syndrome, et encore moins à chercher des outils d’accompagnement adaptés. Les objectifs de ce travail étaient de valider un outil d’évaluation en français, et d’améliorer la compréhension de la dimension cognitive de ce syndrome.L’étude 1 est une étude quantitative menée auprès de 549 participants. Elle propose la validation du concept du syndrome de l’imposteur et la réalité d’un syndrome pouvant être pathologique. Les résultats démontrent différents profils d’imposteurs pour lesquels les comorbidités et leur vécu se révèlent différents.L’étude 2 est une étude quantitative menée auprès de 1597 participants. Elle a permis la validation de la Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale (CIPS) dans sa version francophone. Les résultats démontrent des bonnes qualités psychométriques du questionnaire. L’étude 3 est une étude quantitative menée auprès de 694 participants. Elle évalue les manifestations anxieuses inhérentes au syndrome de l’imposteur. Les analyses rendent compte de profils d’imposteurs différents. L’établissement d’un modèle d’émergence de ce syndrome a été suggéré afin d’interroger sa présence lors des périodes de grand stress de la vie. L’étude 4 est une étude quantitative menée auprès de 873 participants. Elle est axée sur l’intégration de l’acceptation inconditionnelle de soi comme outil pertinent de prise en charge des imposteurs. Elle propose de plus un profil cognitif de ces personnes au regard de la représentation de l’échec, des attitudes dysfonctionnelles et d’une faible acceptation inconditionnelle de soi. / The impostor phenomenon can represent a significant distress source. The literature suggests that 60-70% of the population questions their legitimacy at least once in their lives. These doubts focus on feelings of inadequacy or fraud, poor success attribution, and the fear of being exposed as an impostor. Few studies have explored the pathological aspects of the impostor phenomenon despite its prevalence. Moreover, to our knowledge too little research has been conducted to design adequate management tools. The research carried out for this thesis seeks to validate existing impostor phenomenon measures, the Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale (CIPS), as well as better understand cognitive dimensions related to this syndrome.Study 1 was a quantitative study carried out on a sample of 549 participants. This study deals with the validation of the independent concept of impostor phenomenon as well as potential pathological aspects related to it. Results showed different impostor profiles both in intensity and impacts of this syndrome.Study 2 was a quantitative study carried out on 1,597-strong sample. The main objective was to validate an existing impostor phenomenon scale (CIPS) in French. The results demonstrated good psychometric validity for the French version.Study 3 was a quantitative study carried out on a sample of 694 participants. This study examined anxiety manifestations linked to the impostor phenomenon. The results demonstrated different profiles of impostors. A model was developed to help understand the manifestation of this syndrome during periods of severe stress and change.Study 4 was a quantitative study carried out on a sample of 873 participants. This study focused on unconditional self-acceptance as a useful method of appropriate therapeutic management linked to the impostor phenomenon. A cognitive profile of impostors was developed that helps account for irrational beliefs about failure, dysfunctional attitudes, and low unconditional self-acceptance.

Dans la pensée contemporaine (tous domaines confondus), le traditionnel problème du fondement a disparu. Et cela à juste titre : les plus importants résultats aujourd’hui ont été obtenus, en effet, sans passer par une hypostase méthodologique que le concept de « fondement » impose à la pensée. La phénoménologie, plus que toute autre approche, semble avoir accompli ce processus ; pour ce faire, cependant, elle a gardé un vocabulaire souvent ambigu ; voire, elle s’est réclamée expressément comme étant au fondement des sciences. Notre travail trouve son point de départ, dans la philosophie d’inspiration phénoménologique de Michel Henry. Elle permet de penser un fondement sans passer par la violence d’un maître-mot, et simultanément sans passer par le dogme d’une théorie où le fondement porterait à une réaffirmation des dualismes, lui-même hypostasié (comme « être » par exemple). Pour Henry, le fondement, comme ce qui est sans condition, est l’apparaître de quelque chose. À son tour, il se dit comme une condition absolue de tout ce qui se manifeste, comme une force de manifestation de l’être. Mais le chemin vers un fondement s’avère difficile, puisqu’il n’existe pas de thématisation de ce concept chez Henry, ni de possibilité de « concept » de fondement dans le « dire le phénomène », dans un langage qui doit, pour se dire fondamental, exprimer l’immédiateté de la manifestation en tant que telle, une manifestation qui se dise elle-même sans avoir recours à une référence externe. Peu importe la manière, le fondement doit lui-même bâtir sa propre problématique. Le phénomène du fondement représente, à travers un parcours aux limites de la philosophie, à la fois théorétique, empirico-transcendantale et expérimental, la tentative de penser le fondement comme ce qui se manifeste et, sans médiation, manifeste une altérité finalement comprise à partir d’une immanence irréductible. / In contemporary thinking (all fields included), the traditional problem of the foundation has disappeared. Rightfully: the most important results today have been obtained, in fact, without going through a methodological hypo-stasis that the concept of “foundation” imposes to the thought. Phenomenology, more than any other approach, seems to have been through this process ; for doing so, however, it kept a vocabulary often ambiguous ; it even claimed it specifically as the foundation of science. Our work finds its starting point, in the phenomenological philosophy of Michel Henry. It suggests a basis without going through the violence of a master word, and simultaneously bypassing the dogma of a theory in which the foundation would be a reaffirmation of dualism, itself an hypo-stasis (as the "being", for example). For Henry, the foundation, understood as what is unconditional, is the appearing of something. Thus he says as an absolute condition that manifests itself as a force of manifestation of being. But the path to one foundation is difficult, since there is no theming of this concept in Henry, and no possibility of “concept” basis in the “to say the The phenomenon of foundation. Essay on the philosophy of Michel Henry.In contemporary thinking (all fields included), the traditional problem of the foundation has disappeared. Rightfully: the most important results today have been obtained, in fact, without going through a methodological hypo-stasis that the concept of “foundation” imposes to the thought. Phenomenology, more than any other approach, seems to have been through this process ; for doing so, however, it kept a vocabulary often ambiguous ; it even claimed it specifically as the foundation of science. Our work finds its starting point, in the phenomenological philosophy of Michel Henry. It suggests a basis without going through the violence of a master word, and simultaneously bypassing the dogma of a theory in which the foundation would be a reaffirmation of dualism, itself an hypo-stasis (as the "being", for example). For Henry, the foundation, understood as what is unconditional, is the appearing of something. Thus he says as an absolute condition that manifests itself as a force of manifestation of being. But the path to one foundation is difficult, since there is no theming of this concept in Henry, and no possibility of “concept” basis in the “to say the phenomenon”, in a language that has, to say fundamental, to express the immediacy of the event as such, an event which tells itself without using an external reference. Anyway, the foundation itself must build its own problems. The phenomenon is the basis, through a journey to the limits of philosophy, theoretical, empirico-transcendental and experimental, trying to understand of the foundation as what is manifest and without mediation, manifest otherness finally understood from an irreducible immanence.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:12:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2153.pdf: 1061927 bytes, checksum: d375ec4ebfe571daaa867f73b5808e95 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-09-03 / It is well known by all those who study psychology that an undisguisable difficulty shows up whenever its object of study is called upon. Of all epistemological problems that a science may face, a fragmented definition of its object is certainly the hardest to deal with. This is the cornerstone of the statute of psychology. No matter what explanation shows up to justify such fragmented state, the fact is that the different research communities, known as schools , don t share the same basic notions to form a concept of what they re studying. We understand basic notions as models that precede the object s own definition. In the lack of a model for the psychological object that is wide enough to place the orbits of these schools around a cohesive axis, each one of them elects their own conception of their object of study, which will be consider as psychology s minor objects . If a science is capable of such diversity within its corpus, to the point of making any attempt of unity of its parts a difficult task, for sure there must be a characteristic that makes it sui generis. Such characteristic may only be understood within the nature of the object itself, whose phenomenology may be qualified as double-faced , sometimes describing physical properties (belonging to the field of the nature sciences ), sometimes circumscribing abstract properties (belonging to the field of the spirit sciences ). That s what we call imponderable , for such versatility, intrinsic to the psychological object, also translates its paradoxical character. Throughout this thesis, it will be demonstrated, based upon this character, the intimate dependency of psychology in respect to mind philosophy, for an epistemological solution of the first goes through the mind-body problem of the latter. Carefully examining certain lines of the works of four great thinkers, namely, R. Descartes, G. Ryle, S. Freud and C. G. Jung, this philosophical problem becomes evident under different expressions, something that, even though there are differences among them, points to a common link, that can also be pointing to a possible wider model to the psychological object, that coincides with what this thesis considers to be psychology s major object . To such a hypothetical model, the following work offers the term hybrid to elucidate it, using, for such, an intertwined historical and epistemological reflection, leading to a phenomenological hermeneutics. / É bem conhecido por todos os estudiosos do campo psicológico uma indisfarçável dificuldade que surge toda vez que o objeto de seus estudos é evocado. De todos os problemas epistemológicos que uma ciência possa enfrentar, certamente uma conceituação fragmentada de seu objeto é o mais comprometedor deles. Eis aí o ponto crucial do estatuto psicológico. Independente de qual explicação se apresente para justificar tal estado de fragmentação, o fato é que as diferentes comunidades de pesquisa, tidas por escolas , não comungam das mesmas noções de base para conceituarem aquilo que estão estudando. Por noções de base entenda-se modelos que antecedem a própria definição do objeto. Na falta de um modelo para o objeto psicológico que seja amplo o bastante para situar as órbitas das escolas em torno de um eixo coeso, cada uma delas elege sua própria concepção de objeto, o que passaremos a considerar como os objetos menores da psicologia. Se uma ciência é capaz de tanta diversidade em seu corpus, a ponto de tornar temerária qualquer tentativa de coesão de suas partes, por certo deve possuir alguma característica que a faça sui generis. Tal característica só pode ser entendida na própria natureza de seu objeto, cuja fenomenologia pode ser qualificada de dupla-face , ora circunscrevendo propriedades físicas (próprias do terreno das chamadas ciências da natureza ), ora circunscrevendo propriedades abstratas (próprias do terreno das chamadas ciências do espírito ). Isto é o que chamamos imponderável , pois esta versatilidade, intrínseca ao objeto psicológico, traduz também o seu caráter paradoxal. Ao longo desta tese, pretende-se demonstrar, com base neste caráter, a íntima dependência da psicologia com respeito à filosofia da mente, pois a solução epistemológica daquela passa pela dissolução do problema mente-corpo refletido por esta. Examinando minuciosamente certos traços das obras de quatro grandes pensadores, a saber, R. Descartes, G. Ryle, S. Freud e C. G. Jung, este problema filosófico se evidencia sob diferentes roupagens, algo que, não obstante as diferenças entre eles, aponta para um elo problemático comum, o qual também pode estar apontando para um possível modelo mais amplo para o objeto psicológico, que coincida com o que esta tese considera ser o objeto maior da psicologia. A este hipotético modelo, o trabalho a seguir oferece a terminologia do híbrido para elucidá-lo, empregando, para tal, um entrecruzamento de reflexões históricas e epistemológicas, desembocando em uma hermenêutica fenomenológica.

A qualidade e a continuidade do fornecimento de energia elétrica aos consumidores são fatores muito importantes quando da avaliação da eficiência de um sistema elétrico de potência. Nesse contexto, os transformadores são equipamentos muito importantes e demandam especial atenção quando do projeto do esquema de proteção. Apesar do crescente desenvolvimento das metodologias de proteção de transformadores trifásicos, alguns aspectos ainda não foram totalmente solucionados. Um desses diz respeito à proteção diferencial de transformadores de potência, a qual apresenta vários problemas na discriminação de faltas internas ao transformador. A geração de correntes diferenciais provocada por fenômenos transitórios, como a energização do transformador, produz a incorreta operação do relé, ocasionando uma queda na eficiência do esquema de proteção diferencial. Assim sendo, o presente trabalho apresenta uma nova metodologia de proteção diferencial de transformadores trifásicos, a qual utiliza a transformada wavelet para extrair os sinais transitórios dominantes induzidos pelas faltas internas. A transformada wavelet é uma eficiente ferramenta utilizada no estudo de sinais não-estacionários e de rápida transição. De forma a atender os principais problemas do esquema convencional de proteção, a transformada wavelet discreta é utilizada para decompor os sinais de corrente diferencial em várias faixas de freqüências. Após essa decomposição, a variação de energia espectral dos coeficientes de detalhe wavelet é analisada pelo algoritmo proposto, e assim uma discriminação entre faltas internas e correntes de magnetização, ou correntes inrush, é feita. Usando um modelo elaborado de um sistema elétrico de transmissão são efetuadas rigorosas simulações computacionais para avaliar o desempenho do algoritmo proposto. Os resultados obtidos nessas simulações mostram que a metodologia de proteção diferencial de transformadores trifásicos baseada na variação de energia espectral dos coeficientes wavelets apresenta um ótimo desempenho quando comparada com a metodologia de proteção convencional. / Power supply quality and continuity are very important aspect when assessing the efficiency of an electric power system. In this context, the transformers are key equipments that require special attention during the protection scheme design. Despite the increasing development of methodologies for three-phase transformers protection, some aspects have not yet been fully studied. One of these aspects concerns to the differential protection of power transformers, which presents several restrictions regarding the characterization of internal faults. The observation of differential currents caused by transient phenomena such as transformer energization, produces an incorrect operation of protective relaying, causing a drop in the protection scheme efficiency. Therefore, this work presents a new methodology for differential protection of three-phase transformers using the wavelet transform to extract the transient signals induced by the dominant internal faults. The wavelet transform is an efficient tool in the study of non-stationary signals with fast transients. In order to overcome the main problems of the traditional protection scheme, the discrete wavelet transform is used to decompose the differential current signals into several bands of frequencies. After this decomposition, the spectral energy variation of the wavelet detail coefficients is analyzed by the proposed algorithm and, thus, classification between internal faults, external faults and inrush currents is performed. Using a transmission system model, accurate simulations are performed to evaluate the computational performance of the proposed protection algorithm. The results obtained in these simulations show that the proposed methodology has a great performance when compared with traditional protection philosophies.

abstract: Before 1990s, the relationship between money supply and inflation was positively correlated, however, from 1990 onwards, the US and other major developed countries entered into a new financial era with a typical belief that hyper money supply coexisted with lower inflation. This phenomenon is called “the paradox of inflation”. Traditional theories cannot provide reasonable explanations of this new phenomenon. In my study, I have taken the linear filtering techniques which Lucas developed in 1980, and the recursive estimation method, as well as the chow test and F-test, and choose the data of the US, Britain, Japan, Germany, Euro area, BRICKs and some members of ASEAN, from 1960 to 2012, to study the relationship between annual rate of M2 growth and CPI inflation. The results show that in most sample developed and developing countries the positive correlation relationship between money supply and inflation began to weaken since the 1990s, and “the paradox of inflation” is now a common phenomenon. In my paper, I attempt to provide a new explanation of “the paradox of inflation”. I conjecture that, in the past two decades, some advanced countries were becoming a “relatively wealthy society”, which means that commodity supply as well as money supply is abundant. I state that the US is a “relatively wealthy society” and try to determine what features could mark a “relatively wealthy society”. I choose the credit growth rate of nonfinancial sectors and the ratio of dividends to investment to represent the production inclination of the business sector, and choose the income per capita and the GINI index to represent the consumption inclination of the resident sector. Then, through a semi parametric varying-coefficient regression model, I found that, in the US, when the credit growth of the business sector is under 5%, the ratio of dividends to investment is over 0.20, the per capita income is more than $30,000, and the GINI index is over 0.45, the country becomes a “relatively wealthy society”. Base on this new explanation, I can conclude “in the relatively wealthy society, inflation is no longer a monetary phenomenon; it is a wealth allocation phenomenon”. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Business Administration 2015