Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T14:52:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 437118.pdf: 1810013 bytes, checksum: 80cf27556031120483224b5ecd4c1090 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-01-16 / In a context of growing Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in organizations, has grown the need for adoption of technology also on governments to improve administrative procedures, the provision of public services and the social participation through e-governance practices. The use of IT in public institutions enables the promotion of transparency in government actions, improving the relationship between citizens and government through a broader interaction between them, besides to expands and improves the quality in service delivery. The institutional perspective was used under theoretical lens. The present study seeks to answer the following research question: How do institutional factors influence the governance of IT organizations to implement e-governance practices? To answer it, a conceptual model that seeks to identify the influence of coercive pressures, mimetic and normative practices in implementing e-governance was proposed through research propositions. A qualitative research approach was used, with the method of single case study in a public e-service provider organization (CAPES Journals Portal). The finding results corroborate the propositions of the conceptual model of this research, suggesting that there is influence of institutional factors in the form of coercive, normative and mimetic mechanisms in the governance structure of the IT organization, characterized as a business monarchy regarding IT decisions to implementation of a public e-service. The work allowed to identified that the public organization is dependent on several factors of the field in which it is inserted, as dependence on resources, the need to supply a demand from the scientific community, the federal government encouragement, the need to expand the service`s reach and cost reduction and the existence of similar successful models, under isomorphic pressure from other organizations and the environment itself. Furthermore, the present study identifies that the environment, through institutional factors, determines the organizational behavior to implementing e-governance practices. / Em um contexto de crescimento das Tecnologias de Informa??o e Comunica??o (TIC) nas organiza??es surgiu a necessidade de ado??o de tecnologia tamb?m nos governos, para a melhoria dos processos administrativos, da presta??o de servi?os p?blicos e da participa??o social, atrav?s de pr?ticas de governan?a eletr?nica. O uso de TIC nas institui??es p?blicas permite a promo??o de transpar?ncia nas a??es do governo, a melhoria do relacionamento entre cidad?o e governo atrav?s de uma maior intera??o dos mesmos, al?m da amplia??o e aumento da qualidade na presta??o de servi?os. Como lente te?rica da investiga??o foi utilizada a perspectiva institucional. Este estudo busca responder a seguinte quest?o de pesquisa: Como os fatores institucionais influenciam na Governan?a de TI (Tecnologia de Informa??o) das organiza??es para implementa??o de pr?ticas de governan?a eletr?nica? Para respond?-la, foi proposto um modelo conceitual que busca identificar a influ?ncia de press?es coercitivas, normativas e mim?ticas na implementa??o de pr?ticas de governan?a eletr?nica, atrav?s de proposi??es de pesquisa. Utilizou-se uma abordagem qualitativa de pesquisa, tendo como m?todo o estudo de caso ?nico em uma organiza??o prestadora de um e-servi?o p?blico, sendo este o Portal de Peri?dicos da CAPES. Os resultados encontrados corroboram as proposi??es do modelo conceitual da pesquisa, sugerindo que existe influ?ncia de fatores institucionais, na forma de mecanismos coercitivos, normativos e mim?ticos, na estrutura de Governan?a de TI da organiza??o, caracterizada como uma monarquia de neg?cios com rela??o ?s decis?es de TI, para implementa??o do e-servi?o p?blico. O trabalho permitiu identificar que a organiza??o p?blica ? dependente de fatores do campo em que est? inserida como a depend?ncia de recursos, a necessidade de atendimento de uma demanda da comunidade cient?fica, o incentivo do governo federal, a necessidade de amplia??o do alcance do servi?o e da redu??o de custos e a exist?ncia de modelos semelhantes de sucesso, sofrendo press?es isom?rficas de outras organiza??es e do pr?prio ambiente. Al?m disso, permitiu identificar que o ambiente, atrav?s de fatores institucionais, condiciona o comportamento organizacional para implementa??o de pr?ticas de governan?a eletr?nica.

Avanços nas pesquisas em Veículos Agrícolas Autônomos (VAA\'s) e de Robôs Agrícolas Móveis (RAM\'s) têm sido conquistados nos últimos anos. Entretanto, um número limitado de trabalhos foca o desenvolvimento das estruturas destes veículos. O presente trabalho apresenta uma revisão de materiais encontrados na literatura e no mercado. Estudou-se modelagem cinemática de veículos autônomos que possuem configurações de suas estruturas projetadas para ter mobilidade melhorada. Estudaram-se estruturas mecânicas de máquinas que atuam em vários estádios de desenvolvimento de lavouras típicas brasileiras. Baseado no levantamento e esse estudo, foi projetado e construído um veículo com conceito modular e de pórtico para ser uma plataforma robótica no qual é utilizado para o sensoriamento em área agrícola. Uma modelagem cinemática simplificada do veículo foi realizada, fundamentada nos conceitos básicos de cinemáticas em robôs móveis. Por fim é apresentado o desenvolvimento da estrutura em pórtico do veículo. Pretende-se que o resultado auxilie no desenvolvimento de projeto de VAA\'s. / Advance on AAV (Autonomous Agriculture Vehicle) and MAR (Mobile Agriculture Robots) research are noticed in the recent years. However, a limited number of works focus in the structure development of such vehicles. This work introduces a review of the materials found in literature and market. Kinematics models of Autonomous Vehicles that have its structures designed to have mobility improved have been studied. It was studied mechanical structures of machines that act in various stages of typical brazilians crops. Based on this study and survey, a vehicle has been built with a modular concept and portal frame structure format to be used as a robotic platform in which it performs remote sensing in agricultural areas. A simplified Kinematic model have been done using basics concepts of mobile robots kinematics. At the end of this work is presented the portal frame structure development. The results obtained may assist in the design development of AAV\'s.

隨著全球電信自由化的趨勢，行動通訊市場的蓬勃發展在各國皆然。 我國交通部目前也積極規劃第三代行動通訊執照的釋出，意味著新技術與新的行動服務的誕生。第三代行動通訊主要結合機動性(Mobility)與網際網路 (Internet)，以創造高速資料無線傳輸 (high-speed data)環境，從而打破行動通訊使用上之侷限性。由於第三代行動通訊將持續出現更多不同的經營模式，本研究推導預料電信產業結構將可能重整，消費大眾的通訊使用習慣也有重大改變，行銷策略中的的服務與定價模式將成為行動系統業者成敗間非常重要的議題。 本研究以國內行動通訊系統業者與世界兩大行動通訊系統業者－日本NTT DoCoMo與Vodafone 作為研究對象，採文獻探討、個案資料蒐集與訪談為研究方法，探討行動通訊產業裡實務做法與國際化趨勢下，業者間合作模式之關連性。由文獻探討第二代行動通訊的發展，歸納出業者常採用的模式，包括新產品「滲透性定價法」、「捆綁式定價」。在第三代行動通訊的封包網路特性下，QoS機制進而影響、發展出更多樣的定價模式。新技術的出現，為第三代行動通訊誕生的重要關鍵詞，包括IPv6，對應出Mobile IP；串流的技術與MP4媒體的播放技術；WAP2.0將成為3G的新規範；GPS的技術與定位服務的關聯；語音辨識的技術與Voice Portal的發展；而藍芽更是終端發展的關鍵詞因素等等。 本研究之研究架構將影響第三代行動通訊服務形貌之關鍵詞因素定義為相關電信產業的新技術的出現與市場刺激對無線數據傳輸、多媒體服務需求的影響。業者會因本身條件的限制，如財力、技術能力、技術與市場經驗的取得、人才與企業多電信相關事業體間共同價值單元的共享等因素考量下，選擇多角化、垂直整合或進一步與其他企業合作等對自己最有利的策略模式。此外，根據本身的優勢或既成的事實，優先發展對自己比較有競爭力的客戶群。在服務設計與定價模式方面，則以爭取留住有價顧客為前提。 最後若要繼續保有經營上領先優勢，業者必須在服務上有所差異化，以CRM 機制提高服務品質，以符合顧客滿意的高附加價值服務。研究結果與結論包括： 1.在搶先時機以期快速滲透市場、取得領先地位、技術與專業分工、經濟規模、競爭力的考量下，行動通訊業者得採策略聯盟或其他合作方式，選擇國際或國內的主要結盟夥伴。對於目前競爭態勢落後的業者，則以發展關鍵詞少數地位，仍可在策略聯盟之時找到好的談判位置。內容與應用服務供應商的角色也愈形重要。 2.網路效應朝向「網內有網」與「網外有網」的趨勢發展。「網內有網」的現象為同地理區內相異品牌間的系統業者，以差異化定位自己網路服務的特色下，往「網內網」的定價與新服務包裝設計的趨勢，藉此以增加網路凝聚力與網路效應效果。「網外有網」的現象則是不同標準的網路競爭之結果。 3.第三代行動通訊的服務仍以語音為主，但數據服務為獲利的來源。除了數據服務會刺激語音市場的成長，同時ARPU的增加主要來自多樣化的數據加值服務、行動商務與Wireless Internet的新模式，以行動娛樂（Mobile Internet）的應用服務最被看好。系統業者以大型整合者(Large Bundler)角色經營行動系統網路，收益模式來自「客戶權」的經營，朝「系統經營權」與「加值服務的經營權」發展。成功的系統業者將主導各式新的行動服務的推出，刺激新需求，擴大市場。 4.在定價模式方面，由於全球WAP推出的失利與日本NTT DoCoMo成功經驗的兩個迥異結果下，全球系統業者的定價模式會朝「學習曲線定價法」，以平價模式(flat rate) 讓消費市場接受新服務，業者經營上以規模經濟尋求成本與客戶數的平衡。 同時在價格調整上仍跟隨領導品牌的價格，以逐漸下降(decline)的價格曲線配合新服務的推出。為能達到服務網路最佳利用率，以及服務內容不同，頻寬利用率不同的緣故，QoS 定價會是第三代行動通訊服務型態的新的定價模式。本研究也提出朝使用族群的偏好，搭售不同服務內容，再交叉配合使用者對不同服務方案的需求彈性，以配合「網內網」的凝聚。 5.最早採用行動通訊服務的使用者(Early adaptor)往往是對網路服務需求最膺切、使用量大且忠誠度最高的用戶，業者需早日建構CRM機制，發展以顧客為中心的工作流程，以留住有價顧客。CRM的範圍包括能整合前台與後台的企業運作機制，如客戶資料庫、客服中心、網站，動態互動的隨選平台服務終端客戶。行動通訊網路價值的提升，在於顧客ARPU的增加，同時CRM 須考慮到整合 Wireless Portal 的功能發揮，以建立單一的窗口面對消費者。建立品牌、整合具有關鍵詞性的服務、幫助使用者降低搜尋成本以及品管成本，且運用一對一行銷的技術來維持顧客關係並開發新的產品服務，使服務差異化，達套牢顧客的最終目的。 　6.第三代行動通訊的服務業者的成功關鍵詞因素在於扮演好的中介者機制，配合QoS的機制、不同方案的定價包裝以及網管技術來發揮頻寬的利用率，提升營運效率與更佳的顧客服務。新進業者會以語音服務為主，配套以數據、影像服務，行銷重點在爭取門號數；既有業者，可憑藉既有網路優勢，包裝網路外部性的行銷組合，行銷重點在發展加值服務，並以品牌擴大網路效應。掌握Access的業者比較有機會提供整合的語音多媒體通訊服務，顧客資料的擁有，與顧客在整合的平台上建立關係、各種管理的機制的發揮為業者價值所在。

This research is to probe the impacts of motives, time spent, and product knowledge on the brand evaluations from the perspective of Internet portal users. A comprehensive model is proposed to depict the multiple linkages among the constructs of interest. As students are the main market segment for the Internet business, undergraduate and graduate students from various faculties at Taiwan's universities were recruited as the research subjects. The survey was presented in a questionnaire format. The research results indicate that each type of motives has different effects on product knowledge and time spent on the Internet. Both general and self-training motives have positive influences on product knowledge. However, recreation motive has a negative impact on the product knowledge. For the time spent on the Internet, general and recreation motives have similar results. The stronger the general or recreation motive, the longer the time spent on the Internet. In contrast, the stronger the self-training motive, the less the time spent on the Internet. The tested model also shows that self-training motive has positive relationships with service quality and brand attitude. In addition, longer time spent will lead to increases in product knowledge and satisfaction level. Moreover, the findings indicate that product knowledge has a positive impact on service quality. High product knowledge people have a better idea how to compare the products by using functional attributes. Since service quality is considered one offactors for evaluating satisfaction level, there is a linkage between service quality and satisfaction. The relationship between these two variables is positive because consumers must be able to perceive positive service quality first in order to have high satisfaction level. Moreover, The relationship between satisfaction and brand attitude is positive. Consumers build their brand attitude through observation and experience. Overall satisfaction is definitely one of influential factors on brand attitude. To obtain trust from customers is one of the hardest thing for firms. Customers must be able to perceive good service quality before long-term commitment. The final construct of the conceptual framework is brand attitude, which is contingent on trust and satisfaction. Internet portal business in Taiwan may not be a new industry for many people. However, the recent collapses on the e-Commerce industry prove that people still have a lot to learn, especially the consumer behaviors of Internet users. The research concludes that brand evaluations from consumers are in a network of causal relationships with constructs such as motives, time spent, and product knowledge.

現今企業在建置企業入口網站時，往往面臨到入口網站相關安全標準與技術眾多且繁雜，缺乏一個整合式安全機制建置解決方案來遵從，造成企業在規劃與佈署入口網站之安全性時，產生巨大成本及導入障礙。而服務導向架構概念的出現，其分散性、組合式、標準化之特色，使得企業入口網站安全機制可以在使用網路服務技術的服務導向架構環境中，被當成一種服務呈現，並透過網際網路來公布、發現與利用。 本研究的主要探討分析服務導向架構安全性與安全服務之相關文獻，針對企業入口網站之安全需求與現有安全性基礎結構做整合，提出一個服務導向企業入口網站安全服務架構，並利用二個企業入口網站個案來檢視此架構的安全涵蓋範圍，使企業能將服務導向式安全服務導入企業入口網站整合應用，拉高安全層級，建立一個備受使用者安全信賴的企業入口網站，進而提升企業競爭力。 本研究的成果及效益包括：(1)分析探討企業入口網站在服務導向架構應用下所衍生的不同安全需求(2)提出一個以服務導向企業入口網站為主的安全服務架構。(3)此架構可完整支援服務導向企業入口網站安全功能，並具有因應日後企業安全需求增加的擴充彈性，能持續強化企業入口網站安全性。 / To develop Enterprise Portal System, most enterprises always meet the problem of satisfying numerous security standards and dealing with complicated programming languages. It still lacks an integrated security solution which could provide enterprises an easy way to complete this task. Therefore, this technical problem leads to an entrance barrier and significant corresponding cost to enterprises when deploying their portal. Service-Oriented Architecture is a promising framework to improve the situation. Service-Oriented Architecture framework is distributed, combinable, standardized which and develop the security mechanisms security mechanisms in Service-Oriented Architecture environment. Considering the advantage of Service-Oriented Architecture, this study explores the possibility of building Security Services for Service-Oriented Enterprise Portal. This study analyzes Service-Oriented Architecture security and security services. In addition, the authors propose a Service-Oriented security service prototype architecture for enterprise portal to meet its security requirements. This architecture can integrate service-oriented security services into enterprise portal applications and improve security level. Accordingly, it could develop a highly reliable enterprise portal and create a better competitiveness. The work done by this study includes (1) analyzes the security requirements in a service-oriented enterprise portal, (2) proposes a new framework for enterprise portal service-oriented security services, and (3) demonstrate this framework can support complete security functions for enterprise portal, be flexibility to increase security functions for demands in the future and continue to strengthen the enterprise portal security. By considering this new framework, the design a Enterprise Portal System could be more convenient and secure and it will benefit the development of enterprise in the future.

Esophageal varices are expanded veins of the submucosa that develop in patients with portal hypertension. They develop as collaterals between the portal vein and the superior vena cava. Varices are seen when the HPVG rises >12mmHG and can lead to a life-threatening bleeding episode. Endoscopic band ligation (EBL) is the treatment of choice of acute variceal bleeding. It is also performed for primary and secondary prophylaxis of bleeding from esophageal varices. After EBL, patients are at risk of postinterventional bleeding. Therefore, patients are often hospitalized until endoscopy proves all applied ligation bands have dropped off. At present, there is no standardized algorithm for surveillance of patients after EBL. Furthermore, risk factors for bleeding complications after EBL are poorly evaluated. The available studies mostly investigated patient collectives .after endoscopic sclerotherapy. The aim of this study was to investigate bleeding behaviour after EBL, to make recommendations for in- and out-patient surveillance after EBL and to analyze independent risk factors for bleeding complications after EBL.

This study examined the integration of Small Basic as a new technology in computer courses of elementary schools in Turkey and investigated the perceptions of students and teachers of elementary school about the use of Small Basic in their computer courses in terms of its effects on their perceived motivation, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. Also, information from teachers about advantages and disadvantages of this technology, and the suggestions of teachers about the use of this technology and the content was gathered. A case study was conducted in the form of an action research / that is, this study used components of case study by action research. The data were collected from 4th and 5th grade students of Plevene Elementary School by using a questionnaire. Also, interviews were conducted with the teachers. Descriptive statistics, frequency distributions and descriptive analysis methods were used to analyze the results. The findings of the study showed that Small Basic is accepted by students and all teachers as a new technology. Also, students and teachers stated that using this technology affected students&#039 / perceived motivation towards computer courses positively. Moreover, the students and the teachers perceived that Small Basic is a useful and easy to use technology. Moreover, it was stated that the students and the teachers are satisfied with advantages of the use of this new technology in their learning environment.

In the event of a nuclear power plant accident, fission products could be released into the atmosphere potentially affecting the health of local citizens. In order to triage the possibly large number of people impacted, a detection device is needed that can acquire data quickly and that is sensitive to internal contamination. The portal monitor TPM-903B was investigated for use in the event of a fission product release. A list of fission products released from a Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) was generated and separated into two groups--Group 1 (gamma- and beta-emitting fission products) and Group 2 (strictly beta-emitting fission products.) Group one fission products were used in the previously validated Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport Code (MCNP) model of the portal monitor. Two MIRD anthropomorphic phantom types were implemented in the MCNP model--the Adipose Male and Child phantoms. Dose and Risk Calculation software (DCAL) provided inhalation biokinetic data that were applied to the output of the MCNP modeling to determine the radionuclide concentrations in each organ as a function of time. For each phantom type, these data were used to determine the total body counts associated with each individual gamma-emitting fission product. Corresponding adult and child dose coefficients were implemented to determine the total body counts per 250 mSv. A weighted sum of all of the isotopes involved was performed. The ratio of dose associated with gamma-emitting fission products to the total of all fission products was determined based on corresponding dose coefficients and relative abundance. This ratio was used to project the total body counts corresponding to 250mSv for the entire fission product release inhalation--including all types of radiation. The developed procedure sheets will be used by first response personnel in the event of a fission product release.

Beginnend mit dem Jahr 2005 haben die sächsischen Hochschulbibliotheken ein gemeinsames Projekt begonnen, dessen Ziel die Bereitstellung eines Bibliotheksportals im Internet für den Zugriff auf Bestände ....

The 8 Lectures were part of the 27th annual conference of the German Classification Society held March 12-14th 2003 at the University of Cottbus, Germany. In the branch "Subject indexing und librarian science" the main topic read controlling and costs. Main speaker was Dr. Klaus Ceynowa, Göttingen, who introduced his listeners to controlling procedures at subject indexing in libraries. The key-question was "Can we afford the costs for classification and/or verbal indexing any longer"? The ensuing lectures concentrated on various aspects of Dr. Ceynowa's issue such as cutting costs, rising efficiency within the indexing procedures, widening the indexed fields in the online catalogs, increasing the automated (computer aided) contributions to the indexing processes.. / Die 8 Vorträge waren Teil der 27. Tagung der Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Klassifikation an der Universität Cottbus, 11-14. März 2003. Im bibliothekarischen Zweig "Sacherschließung und Bibliothekswissenschaft" ging es diesmal um Inhaltserschließung und Controlling. Das Leitreferat hielt Dr. Klaus Ceynowa, Göttingen, der die Zuhörer in das bibliothekarische Controlling insbesondere bei der Bestandserschließung einführte. Die Kernfrage lautete: " Können wir uns die Sacherschließung noch leisten ?" Die nachfolgenden Referate konzentrierten sich auf Kostenreduzierung, Effizienzerhöhung bei den Erschließungsprozeduren, Erweiterung der inhaltserschlossenen Anteile in den OPAC-Angeboten sowie Erhöhung der automatisierten Anteile bei der Erschließungsarbeit.