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Text in Afrikaans / Die eng definiering van kerkmusiek staan tans in die spervuur vanwee: 1. Ingrypende wendinge binne die praktiese teologie in die afgelope paar dekades, wat pleit om 'n hernieude ondersoek binne die handelingsveld van viering (waaronder himnologie); 2. 'n Verskuiwing in wereldbeskouing weg van modernisme na postmodernisme; 3. Die geboorte van 'n totaal nuwe geslag adolessente, bekend as die 'Verlore Generasie' of 'Generasie X' . Kerkmusiek, in die engere sin, soos dit steeds grootliks verstaan word, hou nie genoegsaam met hierdie tendense rekening nie. Vandaar verloor kerkmusiek sy impak en inspraak in die leefwereld van die hedendaagse tiener. Dit veroorsaak gevolglik 'n groterwordende kloof tussen adolessente en die erediens, gemeente en kerk. In hierdie studie word gepoog om genoegsaam op bostaande tendense ag te slaan, sodat 'n breer def iniering van kerkmusiek tot stand mag kom, wat ruimte vir grater verskeidenheid en aktualiteit tot gevolg sal he, en die spanning random kerkmusiek en die tiener kan probeer ontlont. / The narrow defining of church music today experiences a critical assault on account of: 1. Drastic turns within the development of Practical theology in the past few decades, which ask for a renewed investigation within the field of himnology; 2. a Shift in worldview away from modernism to post-modernism; 3. The birth of a total new generation of adolescents, known as the 'Lost Generation' or 'Generation X' . Church music in the narrow sense, as it is still understood to a great extent, does not take these tendencys serious enough. For this reason it's impact and influence in the life of today's teenagers declines. With this study a thorough acknowledgement of these shifts is attempted, which will result in a much broader defining of church music, and in turn will bring forth a scope for more variety and actuality, so that hopefully the growing gap between teenagers and church music can be bridged. / Philosophy, Practical and Systematic Theology / M.Diac. (Jeugwerk)

This thesis addresses the problem of the lack of a systematic approach to the modernisation of the indigenous languages of South Africa, with particular reference to Venda. Thus, a systematic approach is proposed in this study for the development of modem terminology in Venda. This approach is based on the canonical model for language planning. In this model, terminology development should follow the following four steps: (1) analysis of the terminological needs of the situation, (2) preparation of a plan and strategies for research, (3) implementation of terminology in practice by means of suitable policies, and lastly, (4) evaluation and constant updating of terminology. Within the canonical model for language planning, different models or frameworks are proposed. First is the theoretical model, which follows the pragmatic approach rather than a purist approach and takes into consideration other extralinguistic factors such as the nature of the special subject field, the needs of the target users and the socio-cultural context. The pragmatic approach is divided into two phases, namely the borrowing phase and the indigenisation phase. In the borrowing phase the borrowed terms are incorporated into the language with immediate effect and these terms may be replaced by indigenous terms in the indigenisation phase where less specialised communication is used. In the indigenisation phase, different language internal term formation strategies were identified, namely semantic shift, derivation, compounding, paraphrasing, initialisms, acronyms, clipping and new word manufacture. It was established that the use of these term formation strategies in Venda requires linguistic expertise, technical expertise and cultural expertise. Accordingly, a sociolinguistic approach is recommended rather than a purely linguistic approach. Lastly, a model of practical terminology work and a model for cooperation and coordination are proposed for terminology work in this language. With regard to the former, various steps that should be followed in terminology work are outlined. In the latter model various language agencies, such as government departments, parastatals and non-governmental organisations that may be involved in the modernisation of this language are identified. A framework in which these agencies could cooperate and coordinate their terminology work is proposed. / Linguistics and Modern Languages / D.Litt. et Phil. (Linguistics)

1 ABSTRACT The goal of this diploma thesis is a complex analysis of the translation of the novel stillborn written by Michael Stavarič, translated into Czech by Radka Denemarková as Mrtvorozená Eliška Frankensteinová. The theoretical part presents the concept of translation norms (a starting point for reconstructing the translation method chosen), Skopos theory, the theory of metatexts, phenomena pertaining to self-translation (the new concept of "self-non-translation", i.e. the decision of an author-translator not to translate their own work) and Popovič's (1975, 1983) "typology of stylistic shifts and changes in translation" as a basic tool for the subsequent micro-textual contrastive analysis of selected parts of the translation. In the empirical part, the author and his work are briefly introduced, the thesis then provides a narratological analysis of the original; in the following part the translator and her work are introduced. This is followed by a description of the translation's reception in the Czech cultural environment based on an analysis of the available literary reviews ("epitexts") of the translation; these results are compared with the results of the analysis of the German literary reviews of the original. Additional information came from interviews with the author and the translator. A...

The present series of studies examine how jurors and public defenders evaluate different pieces of evidence and integrate them into a coherent conclusion within the context of a criminal case. Previous research has shown that in situations where both sides of the case are compelling, decision-makers nevertheless come to highly confident and polarized decisions, called coherence shifts (Simon, 2004). The present research sought to expand on coherence effects, improve upon the methodology of previous studies, and explore potential moderators of coherence. In Study 1, mock jurors (n = 306) read about a criminal case and evaluated multiple pieces of evidence at various points throughout the case. Results indicated that participants exhibited pronounced coherence shifts (i.e., their evaluations of the various pieces of evidence (a) became more consistent as the case progressed, and (b) were evaluated in line with their initial leanings) using an improved methodology that randomized evidence order and evidence valence. Furthermore, participants’ interim leanings of guilt or innocence biased their subsequent evaluations of ambiguous evidence. The direction and magnitude of participants’ coherence shifts were predicted by their pretrial dispositions towards prosecution and defense. Participants lacked awareness of how their perceptions of the evidence have shifted. Coherence shifts were not, however, moderated by asking mock jurors to justify their decisions, or by asking mock jurors to play devil’s advocate while considering each piece of evidence, underscoring the pervasiveness of this cognitive bias. Study 2 examined whether actual public defenders experience coherence shifts and how those shifts relate to the plea bargaining process; however, no coherence shifts were observed. Study 3 examined whether the timing of the defense’s presentation of their case could reduce coherence effects; results indicated that reading about the defense’s case immediately after the prosecution’s case (c.f. following a delay) marginally (p = .09) reduced coherence effects among jurors who acquitted the defendant, suggesting one potential strategy to mitigate this bias.

Tato práce popisuje metodu analýzy translačního pohybu užitím křížové korelace. Ukazujeme, jakým způsobem se chová funkce křížové korelace obrazů s navzájem posunutými objekty, a jak nám to umožňuje nacházet jejich vektory posunu. Pro následnou implementaci je nalezena efektivní metoda pro hledání pouze požadovaného počtu lokálních maxim funkce.

The masters thesis is about operational testing on selected constructions of a railway track „in situ“. There were selected two sections with and without under sleeper pads on a railway track for measurement. These measurements were evaluated then. The result is an assessment of the suitability or unsuitability for under sleeper pads for a rail transport.

This study shows that stress is one of the important issues which may have a negative impactboth in physical and mental effects on a nurse's working life. Poor ergonomics of the hospitaland a poor behavior approach of nurses can cause stress. To reduce these stress factors, thisstudy suggests solutions based on gamification that imply activities to create a good workingenvironment and to reduce the stress to ensure the good health and well-being of the nurseswho work different shifts especially in night shifts. To achieve the purpose, qualitative researchis used as a method. For this study, nurses who work in hospitals were interviewed in differentshifts especially in night shifts with some open-ended questions related to stress andgamification. Based on their answers, trying to evaluate and analyze the problem and findings.Based on the findings, a gamification concept was developed to provide recommendations tohandle the stress and to be motivated and engaged to develop the well-being of life. / Denna studie visar att stress är en av de viktigaste frågorna som kan ha en negativ inverkanbåde på fysiska och mentala effekter på sjuksköterskans arbetsliv. Dålig ergonomi på sjukhusetoch sjuksköterskors dåliga beteende kan orsaka stress. För att minska dessa stressfaktorerföreslår denna studie lösningar baserade på gamification som innebär aktiviteter för att skapaen bra arbetsmiljö och för att minska stressen för att säkerställa god hälsa och välbefinnandehos sjuksköterskor som arbetar olika skift, särskilt på nattskift. För att uppnå syftet användskvalitativ forskning som metod. För denna studie intervjuades sjuksköterskor som arbetar påsjukhus i olika skift, särskilt på nattskift med några öppna frågor relaterade till stress ochgamification. Baserat på deras svar, försöker utvärdera och analysera problemet och resultaten.Baserat på resultaten utvecklades ett spelkoncept för att ge rekommendationer för att hanterastress och för att vara motiverad och engagerad för att utveckla livets välbefinnande.

La région boréale arctique (RBA) couvre une vaste étendue qui lui confère un rôle important dans le système climatique mondial, par ses échanges d'énergie et de matière avec l'atmosphère. La température de l'air dans la région boréale arctique a augmenté à des taux disproportionnés par rapport à la moyenne mondiale, entraînant des changements dans la composition et la structure de la végétation. La RBA comprend l'écotone de la forêt boréale et de la toundra (EFT), qui s'étend sur plus de 10,000 km à travers l'hémisphère nord. La structure et la composition de la végétation varient considérablement à travers l’EFT. Du sud au nord, les arbres deviennent plus courts, plus dispersés et finalement absents. Ce gradient entraîne des variations dans la balance énergétique de surface. Ainsi, des changements dans la composition et la structure de la végétation dans l’EFT pourraient influencer le climat régional futur de ces régions. Ces changements régionaux pourraient se répercuter sur le climat mondial en interagissant avec le cycle du carbone par des changements dans les régimes de perturbations et la profondeur de la couche limite atmosphérique. L'objectif de cette étude était de développer un état des lieux de la variation latitudinale des interactions entre la surface et l’atmosphère et du climat régional à travers l’EFT dans le nord-ouest du Canada. Nous avons utilisé des mesures de covariance des turbulences provenant d’une forêt subarctique en marge de l’EFT et d’une toundra minérale caractérisant l’EFT du nord-ouest du Canada afin de quantifier les différences journalière et saisonnières des échanges d'énergie. Quatre paramètres de surface (albédo, conductance aérodynamique, conductance de surface et facteur de découplage) ont été examinés dans le but d’expliquer les différences dans la balance énergétique de surface. Des observations par radiosonde basées sur des campagnes de terrain et une expérience de modélisation de la couche limite atmosphérique ont été réalisées afin de discuter des conséquences potentielles des changements de végétation sur la dynamique de la couche limite atmosphérique (hauteur, température, humidité) et ses implications pour le climat régional. La forêt subarctique a démontré une meilleure capacité à transférer la chaleur vers l’atmosphère et une plus grande résistance à l'évapotranspiration, se traduisant par des conditions atmosphériques plus chaudes et sèches, spécialement au printemps. En été et automne, une conductance de surface plus élevée sur le site de la toundra s’est traduite par à une plus grande proportion de l'énergie utilisée pour humidifier l'atmosphère, résultant en une couche atmosphérique moins épaisse et un refroidissement régional du climat. La caractérisation des interactions entre la surface et l’atmosphère à travers l’EFT contribuera à améliorer les prédictions des effets des changements de végétation en cours sur le climat régional dans la région boréale arctique. / Considering its vast extent, the Arctic-boreal region (ABR) plays an important role in the global climate system through its exchange of energy and matter with the atmosphere. Air temperature across the ABR has been increasing at a higher rate compared to the global average and has led to changes in vegetation composition and structure across the ABR. The ABR includes the forest-tundra ecotone (FTE), spanning more than 10,000 km across the northern hemisphere. As the world’s longest transition zone, the FTE separates the boreal and Arctic biomes over a width of only a few tens to hundreds of kilometers. Vegetation composition and structure varies considerably across the FTE as trees become, from south to north, shorter and more stunted, sparser, and eventually, absent. The associated latitudinal gradient in surface properties results in corresponding latitudinal variations in the energy balance. Thus, changes in the latitudinal variation in surface properties and energy exchanges within the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) may affect future regional climate across the FTE. The goal of this study was to develop a baseline understanding of the latitudinal variation in surface-atmosphere interactions and atmospheric boundary layer dynamics across the FTE in northwestern Canada. We used paired eddy covariance measurements of surface energy fluxes and supporting environmental measurements at a subarctic woodland (‘woodland’) and a mineral upland tundra site (‘tundra’) to quantify differences in daily and seasonal differences in woodland and tundra properties and energy exchanges. Four bulk surface parameters (albedo, aerodynamic conductance, surface conductance, and decoupling factor) were examined to explain drivers of those differences. Campaign-based radiosonde observations and numerical experiments using an ABL model were used to examine the impacts of a sparse tree cover on ABL dynamics (height, temperature, humidity) and their implications for surface climate compared to treeless tundra. The sparse tree cover at the woodland site showed an enhanced ability to transfer heat into the atmosphere and a higher resistance to evapotranspiration compared to tundra, leading to warmer and drier conditions especially in late winter and spring. In summer and fall, higher bulk surface conductance at the tundra site led to more energy being used to moisten the atmosphere, resulting in a shallower ABL and regional cooling of the atmosphere. Refined characterization of land surface-atmosphere interactions across the FTE will help to project the effect of ongoing vegetation changes on regional climate in the circumpolar Arctic-boreal region.

<p dir="ltr">Neural operator learning is emerging as a prominent technique in scientific machine learn- ing for modeling complex nonlinear systems with multi-physics and multi-scale applications. A common drawback of such operators is that they are data-hungry and the results are highly dependent on the quality and quantity of the training data provided to the models. Moreover, obtaining high-quality data in sufficient quantity can be computationally prohibitive. Faster surrogate models are required to overcome this drawback which can be learned from datasets of variable fidelity and also quantify the uncertainty. In this work, we propose a Multi-Level Stacked Deep Operator Network (MLSDON) which can learn from datasets of different fidelity and is not dependent on the input function. Through various experiments, we demonstrate that the MLSDON can approximate the high-fidelity solution operator with better accuracy compared to a Vanilla DeepONet when sufficient high-fidelity data is unavailable. We also extend MLSDON to build robust confidence intervals by making conformalized predictions. This technique guarantees trajectory coverage of the predictions irrespective of the input distribution. Various numerical experiments are conducted to demonstrate the applicability of MLSDON to multi-fidelity, multi-scale, and multi-physics problems.</p>