Submitted by Maria Aparecida (cidazen@gmail.com) on 2017-08-02T14:45:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Valmiene Florindo.pdf: 6566533 bytes, checksum: ae83e38f7bd992f4e50c9bb204fa8bcf (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-02T14:45:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Valmiene Florindo.pdf: 6566533 bytes, checksum: ae83e38f7bd992f4e50c9bb204fa8bcf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-05-22 / FAPEMA / The Plpt has been created to be a vector of development and articulating public policies for this purpose. In this sense, this work sought to identify the conditions and determinants of social impacts from the implementation of the Luz para Todos Program in the living conditions of the elderly in the Baixo-Amazonas Region. The purpose of the evaluation was to analyze the construction of the electrification policy in Brazil and Amazonas and verify dimensions that constitute the integrality of the living conditions of the elderly that could be impacted by the actions of rural electrification. The research followed the impact assessment methodology. A bibliographical, documentary and field research product had as its locus of study three rural communities: Santa Tereza do Matupiri, São Benedito and Maranhão Community, located in the municipalities of Barreirinha, Boa Vista do Ramos and Parintins, in the Amazonas State. The research pointed out that the Brazilian energy matrix is based on the conception of developmentalist ideology and that in the Amazon State, the expansion of the energy sector was identified with the process of modernization of cities and, later on, for productive and industrial use. As for the changes in the communities surveyed, education was a point of unanimity for the elderly, since electricity offered the opportunity of technological courses. Regarding production, there were no drastic changes to the increase. As for family and community coexistence, the rural electrification contributed to increase the nocturnal frequency activities. Regarding the level of consumption, access to electric power made it possible to purchase electrical and electronic appliances. Regarding the impacts of rural electrification on aging, we learn about that electricity: facilitates accessibility in spaces; Gives access to piped water; Brings well-being and comfort; Assists in food storage; The residential lighting favors the reduction of elderly falls (domestic accidents) and the acquisition of household appliances facilitates the daily activities. In this sense, rural electrification despite paradoxes has brought benefits to the elderly and changes in their living conditions have changed significantly. It was verified in the research that after the rural electrification in the communities surveyed, there was only the growth of the demand for electric energy and the energy supply per se, it did not only result in local development, because this depends an objective articulation with other policies. / O PLpT foi criado com o objetivo de ser vetor de desenvolvimento e articular políticas públicas para esse fim. Nesse sentido, este trabalho buscou identificar os condicionantes e determinantes dos impactos sociais a partir da implementação do Programa Luz para Todos nas condições de vida dos idosos da Região do Baixo-Amazonas. O propósito da avaliação foi analisar a construção da política de eletrificação no Brasil e Amazonas e verificar dimensões que constituem a integralidade das condições de vida dos idosos que poderiam ser impactadas pelas ações da eletrificação rural. A pesquisa foi orientada pela metodologia da avaliação de impacto. Produto de revisão bibliográfica e pesquisa de campo teve como locus de estudo três comunidades rurais: Santa Tereza do Matupiri, São Benedito e Comunidade do Maranhão, localizadas nos municípios de Barreirinha, Boa Vista do Ramos e Parintins, no estado do Amazonas. A pesquisa apontou que a matriz energética construída no país assenta-se na concepção da ideologia desenvolvimentista e que na Amazônia, a expansão do setor energético identifica-se com o processo de modernização das cidades e, posteriormente, para o uso produtivo e industrial. Quanto as mudanças nas comunidades pesquisadas, à educação foi um ponto de unanimidade para os idosos, visto que a energia elétrica oportunizou a oferta de cursos tecnológicos. No que tange a produção, não houve mudanças drásticas para o incremento desta. Quanto à convivência familiar e comunitária, a eletrificação rural, contribuiu para o aumento da frequência em atividades noturnas. Referente ao nível de consumo, o acesso à energia elétrica possibilitou a aquisição de eletroeletrônicos e eletrodomésticos. Quanto aos impactos da eletrificação rural para o envelhecimento, apreendemos que a energia elétrica: facilita a acessibilidade nos espaços; dá acesso à água encanada; traz bem-estar e conforto; auxilia na conservação de alimentos; a iluminação residencial favorece a diminuição de quedas e a aquisição de eletrodomésticos facilita as atividades cotidianas. Nesse sentido, a eletrificação rural apesar dos paradoxos, trouxe benefícios para os idosos e as mudanças em suas condições de vida foram alteradas de maneira significativa. Constatou-se na pesquisa que após a eletrificação rural nas comunidades pesquisadas, houve somente o crescimento da demanda por energia elétrica e o abastecimento energético por si, só não resultou em desenvolvimento local, pois disso depende uma articulação objetiva com outras políticas.

O anúncio das Metas do Desenvolvimento Sustentável pela Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) fortaleceu o movimento global de hibridização organizacional nas grandes empresas, no qual essas corporações estão incluindo objetivos sociais e ambientais nas suas agendas estratégicas. Diante desse contexto, a presente tese buscou responder à questão: como as grandes empresas desenvolvem capacidades híbridas com a base da pirâmide? Para responder essa questão de pesquisa, utilizou-se a lente teórica das Capacidades Dinâmicas. Esse conceito visa explicar como as organizações criam e mudam recursos e capacidades. A literatura de Capacidades Dinâmicas é extensa e robusta; no entanto, esse conceito ainda precisa ser aperfeiçoado para explicar satisfatoriamente como as organizações desenvolvem capacidades operacionais, como as capacidades híbridas. Desse modo, essa tese buscou desenvolver o conceito de Capacidades Dinâmicas no contexto incomum, no qual as grandes empresas enfrentam ao desenvolver capacidades híbridas com a base da pirâmide. Assim essa tese é uma pesquisa de construção teórica de natureza qualitativa, na qual adotou-se a abordagem de pesquisa processual. Selecionou-se três casos de grandes empresas que estão desenvolvendo iniciativas híbridas com a população de baixa renda no Brasil. Para a realização dessa tese, foi necessário desenvolver uma metodologia de pesquisa qualitativa que combina métodos de origem Positivista e Interpretativista. Em uma primeira etapa, realizou-se estudos de caso extensos para descrever o desenvolvimento das iniciativas híbridas das três empresas pesquisadas. Na segunda etapa, essa tese realizou a análise cruzada dos casos pesquisados e desenvolveu a proposição de dois modelos teóricos sobre como as grandes empresas desenvolvem capacidades híbridas com a base da pirâmide utilizando suas Capacidades Dinâmicas. O primeiro modelo teórico visou simplificar teorizações anteriores do conceito de Capacidades Dinâmicas para analisar o funcionamento das Capacidades Dinâmicas utilizando elementos comuns a qualquer organização: processos, aprendizagem organizacional e relações sociais. O segundo modelo teórico explicou os resultados encontrados nas análises anteriores. Como também explicou como funcionam as Capacidades Dinâmicas por meio da combinação de duas metateorias de mudança organizacional (Van de Ven & Poole, 1995; Weick & Quinn, 1999). Desse modo, a principal contribuição teórica dessa tese foi a descoberta de quatro motores geradores de mudança (Ciclo de Vida, Teleologia, Dialético e Evolucionário) e dois ritmos de mudança (Episódico e Contínuo) que explicam como as Capacidades Dinâmicas funcionam. Além disso, esse estudo também criou os conceitos de capacidades híbridas e virada na hibridização organizacional. Essa tese também propôs recomendações práticas para os gestores que trabalham em iniciativas híbridas de grandes empresas como negócios inclusivos e Valor Compartilhado. / The announcement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals has strengthened the global organizational hybridization movement in large corporations in which corporations are including social and environmental goals in their strategic agendas. In this context, this research intends to answer the question: how do large companies develop hybrid capabilities with the base of the pyramid? To answer this research question, I adopted the theoretical lens of the Dynamic Capabilities. This concept aims to explain how organizations create and change resources and capabilities. The Dynamic Capabilities literature is extensive and robust; however, this concept still needs to be refined to be able to satisfactorily explains how organizations develop operational capabilities, such as hybrid capabilities. Thus, I sought to develop the concept of Dynamic Capabilities in the unusual context in which large companies face when developing hybrid capabilities with the base of the pyramid. Thus this thesis is a theory building research. Also, I employed a qualitative process research design. I selected three cases of large companies that are developing hybrid initiatives with the low-income population in Brazil. To accomplish this thesis, it was necessary to develop a qualitative research methodology that combines methods of Positivist and Interpretative origin. In a first phase, I wrote three extensive case studies to describe the development of hybrid initiatives. In a second phase, I employed a cross case analysis. Then I proposed two theoretical models about how the large companies develop hybrid capacities with the base of the pyramid using their Dynamic Capacities. In the first theoretical model, I sought to simplify previous theorizations of the concept of Dynamic Capabilities to analyze the functioning of Dynamic Capabilities using common elements to any organization: processes, learning and social relations. In the second theoretical model, I explained the results found in previous analyzes. In addition, I explained how Dynamic Capabilities work by combining two metatheories of organizational change (Van de Ven & Poole, 1995; Weick & Quinn, 1999). Therefore, the main theoretical contribution of this thesis was the discovery of four change motors (Cycle of Life, Teleology, Dialectic and Evolutionary) and two rhythms of change (Episodic and Continuous) that explain how Dynamic Capabilities work. In addition to these theoretical contributions, I created the concepts of hybrid capabilities and turning point in organizational hybridization. I also proposed practical recommendations for managers working on hybrid initiatives of large companies such as Inclusive Business and Shared Value.

An evaluation was undertaken of four selected social impacts of the Integrated Urban Infrastructure Development Program (IUIDP) on the community in three kelurahans in Western Java (Jamika, Warung Muncang, and Maleber), with particular emphasis on low income people, using Social Impact Assessment methods. The impacts studied were changes in employment, household income, land and rental values. The evaluation suggests that the execution of the IUIDP generated beneficial as well as adverse effects. The beneficial effects include that the program created employment for several residents in the study areas and generally improved the household income of the residents concerned. Also some benefits have accrued to a number of land owners as the value of their land increased. Other benefits identified include improved access, water supply, sewerage and garbage services. The adverse effects of the IUIDP include that the government did not provide either compensation (for those who had to sacrifice their land) or reconstruction assistance (for those who had to cut back their property for access routes). Another adverse effect was experienced by tenants who found their rent increased. There was a widely held perception among the residents surveyed that, on balance, the project had been beneficial.

Thesis (M.Mus.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2007.

Thesis (M.Com. (Tourism))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.

This research investigated the system by which the social effects of oil sands development on Fort McMurray, a city in northeastern Alberta, are assessed and managed. The research focused on Social Impact Assessment (SIA), Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA), and the work of an industry initiative, the Regional Issues Working Group (RIWG). The oil sands industry, which involves large, labour-intensive mining and drilling operations in a boom-bust cycle, places considerable pressure on Fort McMurray, a city of approximately 50,000 inhabitants and the only urban area within 350 km of the oil sands. The social effects experienced there include exorbitant housing prices, shortages in service industry labour, insufficient social services, at times, to assist individuals and families who can no longer cope with the difficult conditions in the area, and a variety of other negative effects. Sixteen key informant interviews were conducted with urban planners, municipal politicians, provincial employees, a spokesperson for one of the First Nations in the area, community NGOs, and oil sands industry representatives. Data from the interviews were combined with a literature review and a document analysis. A modified McKinsey 7S Integrated Management Framework was used as a structure for describing and analyzing the Social Effects Assessment and Management System (SEAMS) in Fort McMurray. The SEAMS was found to be weak in comparison to the needs of the community. Project-by-project assessment of oil sands development was found to downplay the cumulative nature of social effects. Furthermore, no legislation or regulation existed that demanded action based on the findings of SIA. As a result, mitigation and management of social effects was insufficient, often occurring only when it was directly in the interests of the oil sands industry. While government and industry have plans in place to resolve some of the negative social effects, their actions were criticized by informants as being uncoordinated, inconsistent and often ineffective. The findings indicate that a strategy for exploiting Alberta's oil sands is necessary. The project-by-project evaluation of oil sands development proposals is not addressing the important long-term and regional social issues that arise as a result of construction and operation of the mines and facilities. A tool recommended for incorporating resolutions to long-term, regional social effects into the development plan is SEA with an explicit Strategic Social Assessment component. This strategic assessment and planning process should be undertaken by a publicly-accountable government body empowered to rationalize the pace of oil sands development based on social, environmental and economic effects, and to coordinate long-term responses by government and industry.

This research investigated the system by which the social effects of oil sands development on Fort McMurray, a city in northeastern Alberta, are assessed and managed. The research focused on Social Impact Assessment (SIA), Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA), and the work of an industry initiative, the Regional Issues Working Group (RIWG). The oil sands industry, which involves large, labour-intensive mining and drilling operations in a boom-bust cycle, places considerable pressure on Fort McMurray, a city of approximately 50,000 inhabitants and the only urban area within 350 km of the oil sands. The social effects experienced there include exorbitant housing prices, shortages in service industry labour, insufficient social services, at times, to assist individuals and families who can no longer cope with the difficult conditions in the area, and a variety of other negative effects. Sixteen key informant interviews were conducted with urban planners, municipal politicians, provincial employees, a spokesperson for one of the First Nations in the area, community NGOs, and oil sands industry representatives. Data from the interviews were combined with a literature review and a document analysis. A modified McKinsey 7S Integrated Management Framework was used as a structure for describing and analyzing the Social Effects Assessment and Management System (SEAMS) in Fort McMurray. The SEAMS was found to be weak in comparison to the needs of the community. Project-by-project assessment of oil sands development was found to downplay the cumulative nature of social effects. Furthermore, no legislation or regulation existed that demanded action based on the findings of SIA. As a result, mitigation and management of social effects was insufficient, often occurring only when it was directly in the interests of the oil sands industry. While government and industry have plans in place to resolve some of the negative social effects, their actions were criticized by informants as being uncoordinated, inconsistent and often ineffective. The findings indicate that a strategy for exploiting Alberta's oil sands is necessary. The project-by-project evaluation of oil sands development proposals is not addressing the important long-term and regional social issues that arise as a result of construction and operation of the mines and facilities. A tool recommended for incorporating resolutions to long-term, regional social effects into the development plan is SEA with an explicit Strategic Social Assessment component. This strategic assessment and planning process should be undertaken by a publicly-accountable government body empowered to rationalize the pace of oil sands development based on social, environmental and economic effects, and to coordinate long-term responses by government and industry.

Sustainable development is becoming more and more essential in the way companies behave and perform. The concern regarding the environment and the society reflects a broader concept and perception on how business should be conducted. The continuous demand for all kind of resources makes it vital and almost inevitable for a company, government and even physical person to embrace and embed in their culture and strategic goals the sustainable development dimensions. In the perspective of project management, the integration of sustainability requires particular attention especially from the decision-makers involved in the field of project management and more precisely in the project selection process. This research aims to examine how this process is achieved by organizations in a sustainable manner, by proper integration in effective tools such as Environmental and Social Impact Assessment. The exploration of theories and models regarding project selection and ESIA helped me in building and elaborating further on a sustainable framework that enhances the need for proper integration and incorporation of environmental and social issues in projects. This paper concludes that the most efficient way to benefit from the opportunities that the surrounding environment brings in a project area is to assess such impacts and integrate them since the corporate strategy crafting and the initial phase of project selection process

Die Dissertation setzt sich mit der Thematik der Arbeitssicherheit in produzierenden kleinen und mittelständischen Unternehmen der sächsischen Metall- und Feinmechanikindustrie auseinander. Dabei untersucht die Autorin mögliche Einflussfaktoren auf das Sicherheitsverhalten von Arbeitnehmer/innen, um Hinweise für verbesserte personalwirtschaftliche Methoden zu identifizieren. Dabei liegt der Schwerpunkt der Arbeit auf dem Einfluss, den direkte Kolleg/innen auf das individuelle Sicherheitsverhalten haben. Bisher standen in erster Linie die Aktivitäten von Manager/innen und Führungskräften im Fokus der Untersuchung. Jedoch liefern theoretische Grundlagen, wie die Theorie der sozialen Vergleichsprozesse, die Theorie der sozialen Identität, die Soziale Kategorisierungstheorie sowie Theorien des hilfreichen Verhaltens deutliche Hinweise, dass direkte und alltägliche Interaktionspartner/innen einen wesentlichen verhaltensbeeinflussenden Faktor darstellen. Dieser Aspekt wird mit dieser Dissertation aufgearbeitet. Es ist von Interesse, welchen Einfluss soziale Faktoren auf das individuelle Sicherheitsverhalten im Unternehmen haben. Neben Gruppenfaktoren werden deshalb auch Führungs- und Unternehmensfaktoren erfasst. Darüber hinaus sind individuelle Faktoren Gegenstand der Untersuchung. Dabei wird unter Sicherheitsverhalten einerseits das sicherheitsrelevante Verhalten, wie die Einhaltung von Sicherheitsregeln sowie das Auftreten von Beinahe-Unfällen, Verletzungen und Arbeitsunfällen verstanden. Ebenso zählt dazu das sicherheitsbezogene hilfreiche Verhalten zwischen Kolleg/innen in Form des gegenseitigen Hinweisens auf mögliche Gefahren bei der Arbeit sowie das Beseitigen von Gefahren. Die empirische Untersuchung erfolgt an einer Stichprobe von 358 Mitarbeiter/innen aus den produzierenden Bereichen sächsischer Industrieunternehmen, die mittels Fragebogen befragt werden (Rücklaufquote 67,2%). Zusätzlich kommt eine egozentrierte Netzwerkanalyse zum Einsatz, die insgesamt 328 Netzwerke von Arbeitnehmer/innen erfasst (Rücklaufquote 61,5%). Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass für das Entstehen von Verletzungen und Unfällen bei der Arbeit neben individuellen und Führungsvariablen vor allem Gruppenvariablen verantwortlich gemacht werden können. Dabei ist auch festzustellen, dass Beinahe-Unfälle sowie die Einhaltung von Sicherheitsregeln als zusätzliche Sicherheitsindikatoren genutzt werden können, um Ursachen für Verletzungen und Arbeitsunfälle frühzeitig aufzudecken. Darüber hinaus ergibt die Untersuchung, dass das sicherheitsbezogene hilfreiche Verhalten zwischen Arbeitnehmer/innen dazu beitragen kann, das Auftreten von Verletzungen und Arbeitsunfällen zu reduzieren. Dabei wird das sicherheitsbezogene hilfreiche Verhalten neben individuellen Variablen vor allem durch Gruppenvariablen bestimmt. Der Einsatz der egozentrierten Netzwerkanalyse gibt Hinweise dafür, dass direkte Kolleg/innen durch ihr Sicherheitsverhalten wesentlich dazu beitragen, ob sich Individuen sicherheitsgerecht verhalten. Somit liefert die Dissertation Hinweise dafür, dass Gruppenprozesse zwischen direkten Kolleg/innen für das Ausbilden von individuellem Sicherheitsverhalten relevant sind und für Führungsmethoden im Unternehmen beachtet und auch genutzt werden müssen. Durch die Festlegung von Arbeitssicherheit als ein wichtiges Teamziel können Führungskräfte dazu beitragen, dass sich Arbeitnehmer/innen damit identifizieren und zu ihrer Erreichung stetig beitragen. Dabei muss das Management besonders in kleinen und mittelständischen Unternehmen – wie sie in dieser Studie untersucht wurden – ihren Führungskräften die zeitlichen Ressourcen und Kompetenzen zur Verfügung stellen, um diesen Anforderungen der Personalführung gerecht werden zu können.

This paper is about the persistent failure of social scientists to bring into the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) process socially constructed environmental concerns held by potentially impacted communities. The failure to communicate perceived risks results from a two-communities divide based on both epistemological differences and obfuscation due to vernacular communication. The analysis provides robust modeling variables that can bridge this social-environmental divide. The case involves data collected from members of traditional communities regarding their perceptions of the potential impacts of proposed Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). The study is situated in the Bahamas where the government has approved setting aside 30 No-take MPAs to protect their sea. This analysis is based on 572 interviews conducted during eight field trips with members of six traditional settlements in the Exuma Islands and Cays in the central Bahamas. Confidence in the findings is high because the sample involves 34% of the census population of these settlements and the findings have repeatedly been returned for review and approval by the members of these settlements.