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The innovation of technology and product has made uncertain highly of the beginnings of emerging industry. Smart phone industry belongs to emerging industry. The manufacturers in Taiwan of smart phone include HTC, Quanta, Innopac, Asus, and Arimacomm etc. and HTC is the maximum of shipment of smart phone with Microsoft platform. Therefore, it is necessary that we study the purchasing strategies of smart phone industry. The research methodologies applied to this study are literature review, case study and deep interview. It applies purchasing portfolio model to classify components come from different industries, and it is proposed different purchasing strategies. The conclusions of this study reveal as follows: 1. Early Purchasing Involvement (EPI) will help to get external advanced technology resource so that we can improve the competitive advantage of the corporate in emerging industry. 2. Different purchasing strategies and relationship management can be applied to different component industry and suppliers respectively. 3. The performance evaluation, remediation, and selection of suppliers can be adopted into the management cycle in A company, and the standards will depend on industry environment and the resource A company has.

[pt] A função de compras tem exercido um papel importante no desempenho financeiro das empresas, uma vez que o valor de compras e contratação de bens e serviços tem se apresentado como parcela significativa nos demonstrativos de resultados, e por isso vem merecendo, cada vez mais, a atenção dos gestores como atividade estratégica. Nesse contexto a atividade de compras tem ampliado a sua atuação no processo de aquisição ou contratação não apenas com foco no valor dos produtos e serviços, mas também no relacionamento com o mercado fornecedor desses. O modelo de portfólio de Kraljic, apresentado em 1983, traduz bem o tema estratégia de fornecimento, quando classifica todos os itens de compras e contratação em termos de impacto no lucro e risco de fornecimento gerando quatro grupos de itens associados aos seus mercados. Embora com aceitação cada vez maior, o modelo de portfólio de Kraljic tornou-se alvo de críticas, das quais destacamos a subjetividade na medição das dimensões da matriz na etapa de classificação dos itens de compras. Nesta dissertação foi enfatizada a classificação de itens de bens e serviços, primeira etapa do modelo de portfólio de Kraljic, onde procurou-se demonstrar de forma prática, através de estudo de caso em uma empresa da indústria de óleo e gás, a aplicação de um método de medição, chamado um-por-um, que define com rapidez e objetividade a medida alta e baixa para o risco de fornecimento e impacto no lucro, com vistas ao seu posicionamento em um dos quatro grupos de itens. Procurou-se ainda apresentar evidências da possibilidade de emprego do modelo de portfólio de compras em empresa cujas compras e contratações são regidas pelo Decreto 2745/98, Regulamento do Procedimento Licitatório Simplificado da Petróleo Brasileiro S.A. - PETROBRAS. / [en] The purchasing function has played an important part in the financial performance of a company, since the value of purchase and contracting of goods and services has emerged as a significant portion on their profit and loss statements, deserving, increasingly, management attention as a strategic activity. In this context the activity of supply has been expanded in the purchase or contracting of goods and services process not only focusing on the value of products and services, but also in the relationships within the supplier market. Kraljic s Portfolio Model, submitted in 1983, is a good way to translate the sourcing strategy theme as it sorts all purchasing and contracting items in terms of profit impact and risk of supply, developing four categories of items associated to their markets. Although Kraljic s portfolio model has become much more accepted, it has been the target of criticism as it can be seen in the literature, among which we highlight the matrix s dimensions measurement subjectivity, during the classification of Item s purchasing stage. In this dissertation it was emphasized the classification of items of goods and services, the first step of the Kraljic s Portfolio Model, which sought to demonstrate the practical application of a measurement method, called one-by-one, through an oil and gas industry s company case study, which sets quickly and objectively the measure high and low for the supply risk and profit impact, with a view to its placement in one of four groups of items. It was also sought to introduce evidences about the possibility of using purchases portfolio model in companies whose purchases and contracts are governed by Decree 2745/98, Simplified Regulation Bidding Process of Petróleo Brasileiro SA - PETROBRAS.

Todo e qualquer empreendimento começa a se materializar na área suprimentos de uma empresa, sendo a principal função de esta área adquirir os materiais e serviços que compõem os empreendimentos. A gestão de suprimentos estabelecida para um determinado empreendimento pode fazer com que este tenha, ou não, um bom desempenho, bem como possibilitar que a execução seja mais eficiente e eficaz. Esta gestão, além de ser a mais adequada para a execução do empreendimento, deve também refletir a estratégia da organização, para que seja garantida a vantagem competitiva escolhida. Dada a sua importância, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar as principais diretrizes envolvidas para a implantação da gestão estratégica de suprimentos em empresas construtoras. Inicialmente, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica a respeito dos temas: gestão da cadeia de suprimentos, gestão de suprimentos e gestão estratégica de suprimentos. Em seguida, foi realizado um estudo das características do setor da construção e de suas respectivas gestão da cadeia de suprimentos e gestão de suprimentos. Para que fossem identificadas as diretrizes, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica a cerca dos processos envolvidos na gestão estratégica de suprimentos, em geral. As diretrizes foram então identificadas considerando as características do setor da construção, bem como os processos da gestão estratégica de suprimentos investigados. Ao final desta pesquisa são apresentadas as conclusões e sugestões para pesquisas futuras. Com a identificação destas diretrizes, espera-se contribuir para que a gestão de suprimentos em empresas construtoras seja tratada, cada vez mais, de forma estratégica, agregando valor ao processo construtivo e conseguindo tornar factíveis alguns conceitos da gestão da cadeia de suprimentos. / All and any project starts to turn real in the purchasing department, which has the main function of supplying the projects materials and services. The supply management established for a project can determine its performance as well as make the constructions more efficient and effective. This management must even be the most appropriated to the construction; either reflects the organization strategy to ensure the chosen competitive advantage. Due to its importance, this research objective is to identify the main guidelines involved at the strategic sourcing implementation in construction companies. At first, a bibliographical research was accomplished considering the themes: supply chain management, supply management and strategic sourcing. Afterwards, it was made a study about the characteristics of the construction industry and its supply chain management and supply management. In order to identify the guidelines, it was made a bibliographic research about the strategic sourcing processes. The guidelines were identified considering the construction industry characteristics and the strategic sourcing processes searched. At the end of this research, are presented the conclusions and the suggestions to orientate further researches. By the guidelines identification, it is expected to contribute to contractors supply management to be, more than ever, administered with a strategic view, adding value to the construction process and making feasible some supply chain management constructs.

O presente trabalho de pesquisa tem como proposta analisar as contribuições que os ERP\'s promovem no suporte às atividades gerenciais de uma área de compras em uma empresa de manufatura. Para alcançar este resultado o trabalho foi dividido em duas fases, sendo uma análise conceitual, onde o pesquisador estuda o modelo de referência para os processos de compras adotados em empresas proposto pela APICS (American Production and Inventory Control Society), comparando com relação ao modelo de referência do software de gestão empresarial (ERP) selecionado para a pesquisa. Nesta análise, são identificados os pontos de aderência e onde o ERP não cobre as atividades de compras (gerenciais). O resultado da análise conceitual é uma matriz (Matriz - Análise de Aderência - Análise das Atividades do Modelo de Referência - APICS versus Funcionalidades do sistema) e uma análise descritiva sobre a aplicabilidade das funcionalidades do sistema nos sub-processos do modelo de referência. Com a análise conceitual, parte-se então para uma análise prática, aonde através da aplicação de um estudo de caso é feita uma análise de como as empresas de manufatura estão utilizando os ERP\'s como suporte às atividades gerenciais relacionadas aos processos de compras. Na análise prática é feita uma análise descritiva sobre a aplicabilidade das funcionalidades do sistema nos sub-processos de compras da empresa. O resultado alcançado deste presente trabalho é uma análise detalhada das contribuições que os ERP\'s podem oferecer no suporte às atividades gerenciais nos processos de compras. / This research has a proposal to analyze the contributions that the ERP\'s promote in the support to the management activities of an purchasing organization in a manufacture company. To reach this result the work was divided in two phases, having been a conceptual analysis, where the researcher studies the reference model for the procurement process adopted in companies considered by the APICS (American Production and Inventory Control Society), comparing with relation with the reference model of the software of enterprise management (ERP) chosen for the research. In this analysis, the tack points are identified and where the ERP has not covered the activities of procurement (Management activities). The result of the conceptual analysis is a matrix (Matrix - Analysis of Tack - Analysis of the Activities of the Reference Model - APICS versus Functionalities of the System) and a descriptive analysis on the applicability of the functionalities of the system in the sub-processes of the reference model. With the conceptual analysis, it has been broken then for a practical analysis, where through the application of a case study is made an analysis of as the manufacture companies are using the ERP\'s as it has supported to the related management activities to the procurement processes. In the practical analysis a descriptive analysis on the applicability of the functionalities of the system in the sub-processes of procurement of the company is made. Thereached result of this research is a detailed analysis of the contributions that the ERPs can offer in the support to the management activities in the processes of procurement.

Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. / This publication is a work of the U.S. Government as defined in Title 17, United States Code, Section 101. As such, it is in the public domain, and under the provisions of Title 17, United States Code, Section 105, it may not be copyrighted. / MBA Professional Report / In an effort to align sources with requirements, the Department of Defense has implemented initiatives that mirror industry's strategic sourcing practices. These initiatives include Consolidated Purchasing, Commodity Councils and Regionalization. This project will examine a successful Commodity Council (CC), a failed CC, and one in the early stages of development. We will seek characteristics common to both successful and unsuccessful councils, as well as characteristics that differentiate the outcomes. We will include a brief history of strategic sourcing as a long-term supply-chain management solution in the private sector, the impetus behind AF implementation of strategic sourcing through CCs; associated transactions costs, and finally, the resource management practices necessary to move beyond theory to practical application. The results are illustrated in a case study which will provide a template for successful implementation.

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to explore green sourcing in supply chain management by the example of two large organisations. Design/methodology/approach – This study followed an iterative cycle of reviewing literature and empirics as well as conducting analysis and discussion. The literature gathered for this thesis was collected by reviewing ten academic journals as well as publications found through database search. Empirical data was collected from two case organisations, ABB Robotics and Vattenfall, through interviews, internal documents and public statements. The empirical data was analysed separately for each case organisation by use of an analytical model constructed from the literature findings. Thereafter, similarities and differences between the organisations were discussed as well as the thesis’ contributions to green sourcing literature. Findings – We found that although both ABB Robotics and Vattenfall incorporate environmental sustainability to some degree in their respective sourcing processes, their individual performance differed. The main difference between the organisations was found to be the visibility and managerial drive towards the realisation of environmental goals within the sourcing department. From our observations, it was found that Vattenfall to a large extent embraced their environmental goals and that these trickled down to the sourcing department. ABB Robotics on the other hand had numerous environmental goals on corporate level but these lacked visibility in the sourcing department. In comparison to our literature findings is was found that for environmental goals, Vattenfall was in more alignment with the suggestions by the scholars. For the other identified areas important for green sourcing, that being supplier assessment, supplier performance evaluation and supplier collaboration, both organisations were more aligned with our literature findings. Practical implications – In this thesis, four primary elements of green sourcing have been identified: environmental goals, supplier assessment, supplier performance evaluation, and supplier collaborations. Out of these, we found that the first element, environmental goals, is an enabler for the other elements of green sourcing to further evolve and is therefore essential for green sourcing. Originality/value – By looking beyond public statements and policies of environmental sustainability, this thesis has provided a unique insight in how two large organisations have implemented environmental sustainability in practice, from a sourcing perspective.

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Companies have limited human, financial and technical resources, which makes it crucial toallocate them in an efficient way in order to stay competitive in today's market. One way of doing this is to classify a company's suppliers into different categories, and differentiate the management of each supplier category. Previous studies within the field mostly focus on larger, manufacturing companies, and there is a lack of segmentation models suitable for retail firms. Further, existing literature on supplier relationship management fail on giving concrete actions on how to manage different types of suppliers. This study addresses this by extending the literature on supplier segmentation and supplier relationship management in the context of a medium sized retail company offering a diversified product portfolio. The study was performed as a case study on a Nordic retail company that produced both private label products and brand named products, where this study focused on its private label suppliers. The purpose of the study was to develop a supplier segmentation model for guidance in managing supplier relationships for retail companies with diversified product portfolios, and this was met by collecting both qualitative and quantitative data through interviews, workshops, structured questions and archival data. The main findings were a number of identified characteristics of the supplier base of the case company and the determination of different types of buyer-supplier relationships. This ultimately culminated into the empirical contributions of 1) a developed supplier segmentation model suitable for medium sized retail companies offering a diversified product portfolio, and 2) recommended actions on how to manage suppliers, corresponding to each segment in the model. / Företag har begränsade resurser vad gäller finansiellt, tekniskt och humant kapital, vilket gör det ytterst viktigt att fördela sina resurser på ett så effektivt sätt som möjligt för att hålla sig konkurrenskraftiga. Ett sätt att göra detta är att klassificera sina leverantörer i olika kategorier, samt differentiera hur varje kategori ska hanteras. Tidigare studier inom ämnet har mestadels fokuserat på större tillverkningsindustriföretag, och det saknas segmenteringsmodeller som är anpassade för retailföretag. Vidare är befintlig litteratur på supplier relationship management knapphändig i att ge konkreta rekommendationer för hur olika typer av leverantörer ska hanteras. Den här studien adresserar detta genom att utvidga litteraturen på supplier segmentation och supplier relationship management i kontexten av ett mellanstort retailföretag med en diversifierad produktportfölj. Studien genomfördes som en case-studie på ett nordiskt retailföretag som sålde både märkesprodukter och egna märkesvaror, där den här studien endast berörde leverantörer för egna märkesvaror. Syftet med studien var att utveckla ett övergripande ramverk för guidning av hur leverantörsrelationer i retailföretag med diversifierade produktportföljer ska hanteras, och detta uppfylldes genom att samla både kvalitativ och kvantitativ data genom intervjuer, strukturerade frågor, workshops samt arkivdata. De huvudsakliga resultaten var ett antal identifierade egenskaper hos leverantörsbasen av caseföretaget och en bestämd uppdelning av olika leverantörsrelationer. Detta mynnade tillslut ut i två empiriska bidrag i form av 1) en utvecklad leverantörssegmenteringsmodell för medelstora retailföretag som erbjuder en diversifierad produktportfölj, samt 2) rekommenderade handlingar för hur olika leverantörer ska hanteras, som svarar till varje segment i modellen.

Submitted by Fábio Silva de Andrade (fabioandrade1982@gmail.com) on 2016-12-13T14:04:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertação pós banca Fabio Andrade.pdf: 1135682 bytes, checksum: c8d843b6a43dc9fd5d460ce3a90cfa50 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by ÁUREA CORRÊA DA FONSECA CORRÊA DA FONSECA (aurea.fonseca@fgv.br) on 2016-12-13T14:34:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertação pós banca Fabio Andrade.pdf: 1135682 bytes, checksum: c8d843b6a43dc9fd5d460ce3a90cfa50 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-26T12:54:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertação pós banca Fabio Andrade.pdf: 1135682 bytes, checksum: c8d843b6a43dc9fd5d460ce3a90cfa50 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-29 / A atual pressão fiscal e as restrições orçamentárias têm aumentado a necessidade de cortar gastos e garantir que os contratos das esferas governamentais ofereçam o melhor valor para a sociedade. A gestão estratégica de suprimentos busca uma abordagem global para as contratações, obtendo uma melhor qualidade do gasto público. Por meio da metodologia, são verificados, não apenas os preços finais pagos pelos serviços ou aquisições, mas também se analisa o custo total em todas as etapas do ciclo de vida do produto ou serviço adquirido. Busca-se uma nova relação com o mercado fornecedor, com estratégias de longo prazo. Este trabalho concentra-se na iniciativa do governo do Estado do Rio de Janeiro na aplicação da metodologia de gestão estratégica de suprimentos. A análise mostra os desafios enfrentados na condução do projeto, identificando os fatores racionais, organizacionais e políticos presentes no processo decisório, além de sugerir alternativas para o melhor aproveitamento da metodologia, que já possuiu ampla utilização em organizações privadas, em organizações públicas. / The current fiscal pressure and budgetary constraints have increased the need to cut spending and ensuring that all levels of government contracts offer the best value to society. Strategic sourcing seeks a global approach to procurement, getting a better quality of public spending. Through the methodology are checked not only the final prices paid for services or purchases but also are analyzed the total costs at all stages of the product or service life cycle. It is sought a new relationship with the supplier market, with long-term strategies. This work focuses on the initiative of Rio de Janeiro government in the application of strategic sourcing methodology. The analysis shows the challenges faced in conducting the project, by identifying rational, organizational and political factors in decision making, and suggests alternatives through the lessons learned, for better utilization of the methodology, that has already an extensive use in private organizations, in public organizations.