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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Transcendental idealism and direct realism in Kant

Sopuck, Forrest Adam 22 December 2009
Kant scholarship has a long, rich history of disagreement and interpretive reservations regarding the <i>Critique of Pure Reason</i>. One disagreement is over whether the first <i>Critique</i> contains a sufficient proof of the doctrine of <i>transcendental idealism</i>. Another disagreement revolves around the question of whether Kants doctrine of transcendental idealism and its associated metaphysical/epistemological terms conflict with <i>direct realism</i> a view that Kant also appears to be committed to. This thesis evaluates what Henry Allison, in his work entitled: <i>Kants Transcendental Idealism: an Interpretation and Defense</I> (1983), sets forth as the direct proof for transcendental idealism given in the first <i>Critique</i>. The inter-theoretical relation between transcendental idealism and direct realism is also evaluated, and argument is given for considering the two doctrines as consistent with one another after all.
2

Transcendental idealism and direct realism in Kant

Sopuck, Forrest Adam 22 December 2009 (has links)
Kant scholarship has a long, rich history of disagreement and interpretive reservations regarding the <i>Critique of Pure Reason</i>. One disagreement is over whether the first <i>Critique</i> contains a sufficient proof of the doctrine of <i>transcendental idealism</i>. Another disagreement revolves around the question of whether Kants doctrine of transcendental idealism and its associated metaphysical/epistemological terms conflict with <i>direct realism</i> a view that Kant also appears to be committed to. This thesis evaluates what Henry Allison, in his work entitled: <i>Kants Transcendental Idealism: an Interpretation and Defense</I> (1983), sets forth as the direct proof for transcendental idealism given in the first <i>Critique</i>. The inter-theoretical relation between transcendental idealism and direct realism is also evaluated, and argument is given for considering the two doctrines as consistent with one another after all.
3

The Free Spirit: A Critique of Things in Themselves as a Nihilistic Movement

Hoag, Trevor L. 24 August 2007 (has links)
No description available.
4

A compreensão de Schopenhauer da coisa em si / Schopenhauers comprehension of thing-in-itself

Dias, Sara Pereira 11 April 2016 (has links)
Durante o ano de 1781 Kant lança a obra Crítica da razão pura, a qual é exclusivamente voltada para o problema do conhecimento humano, mais precisamente, sua origem, seu limite, sua organização e sua validade perante a realidade empírica. Contudo, foi a questão quanto a origem do conhecimento que se tornou o foco das atenções e discussões durante todo o período do idealismo alemão, visto que tal questão trazia a luz o conceito de coisa em si. O problema deste conceito era saber qual deveria ser seu lugar em relação ao conhecimento, isto é, se a coisa em si era ou não a causa do conhecimento empírico e quais as consequências e soluções diante a escolha de alguma destas posições. Desse modo, durante o idealismo alemão surgiram vários sistemas que ora tentavam resolver ora atacar, com argumentos céticos, o problema da coisa em si kantiana. Dentre estes sistemas, como defensor da doutrina transcendental, destaca-se o de Arthur Schopenhauer, que tanto dá uma denominação metafísica-imanente para a coisa em si, Vontade, quanto soluciona o problema da origem do conhecimento empírico sem o uso de tal conceito problemático. Sendo assim, nossa dissertação tem como objetivo discutir a solução e o significado do conceito de coisa em si encontrado por Schopenhauer em seu livro O mundo como vontade e como representação. / During all the year of 1781, Kant releases his Critique of Pure Reason, which is exclusively devoted to the problem of human knowledge, more precisely his origins, his limits, his organization and his validity face off the empirical reality. Although, the question around the knowledge origins has become the focus of lectures and discussions during all the period of German idealism because it brings out the thing-in-itself concept. That concepts problem is to know which should be his role concerning knowledge, or if thin-in-itself was the cause of empirical knowledge or not, and which consequences and solutions were implicated in this positions. With that, during the period of German idealism several philosophical systems began to exist, attempting to solve or to attack, using skeptical argumentations, Kantians thing-in-itself problem. Among these systems, as a defender of transcendental philosophy doctrine, Arthur Schopenhauers system gains force, as an author of the denomination metaphysical-immanent to the thing-in-itself (the Will), and both as the proposer of a solution to the problem of the empirical knowledge without the using of this problematical concept. Therefore, our master thesis has, as her goal, to discuss solution and signification of thing-in-itself inner concept, founded by Schopenhauer in The World as Will and Representation.
5

A compreensão de Schopenhauer da coisa em si / Schopenhauers comprehension of thing-in-itself

Sara Pereira Dias 11 April 2016 (has links)
Durante o ano de 1781 Kant lança a obra Crítica da razão pura, a qual é exclusivamente voltada para o problema do conhecimento humano, mais precisamente, sua origem, seu limite, sua organização e sua validade perante a realidade empírica. Contudo, foi a questão quanto a origem do conhecimento que se tornou o foco das atenções e discussões durante todo o período do idealismo alemão, visto que tal questão trazia a luz o conceito de coisa em si. O problema deste conceito era saber qual deveria ser seu lugar em relação ao conhecimento, isto é, se a coisa em si era ou não a causa do conhecimento empírico e quais as consequências e soluções diante a escolha de alguma destas posições. Desse modo, durante o idealismo alemão surgiram vários sistemas que ora tentavam resolver ora atacar, com argumentos céticos, o problema da coisa em si kantiana. Dentre estes sistemas, como defensor da doutrina transcendental, destaca-se o de Arthur Schopenhauer, que tanto dá uma denominação metafísica-imanente para a coisa em si, Vontade, quanto soluciona o problema da origem do conhecimento empírico sem o uso de tal conceito problemático. Sendo assim, nossa dissertação tem como objetivo discutir a solução e o significado do conceito de coisa em si encontrado por Schopenhauer em seu livro O mundo como vontade e como representação. / During all the year of 1781, Kant releases his Critique of Pure Reason, which is exclusively devoted to the problem of human knowledge, more precisely his origins, his limits, his organization and his validity face off the empirical reality. Although, the question around the knowledge origins has become the focus of lectures and discussions during all the period of German idealism because it brings out the thing-in-itself concept. That concepts problem is to know which should be his role concerning knowledge, or if thin-in-itself was the cause of empirical knowledge or not, and which consequences and solutions were implicated in this positions. With that, during the period of German idealism several philosophical systems began to exist, attempting to solve or to attack, using skeptical argumentations, Kantians thing-in-itself problem. Among these systems, as a defender of transcendental philosophy doctrine, Arthur Schopenhauers system gains force, as an author of the denomination metaphysical-immanent to the thing-in-itself (the Will), and both as the proposer of a solution to the problem of the empirical knowledge without the using of this problematical concept. Therefore, our master thesis has, as her goal, to discuss solution and signification of thing-in-itself inner concept, founded by Schopenhauer in The World as Will and Representation.
6

Kantiškoji patyrimo samprata ir jos recepcija / Kantian conception of experience and its reception

Rimkus, Edvardas 27 October 2014 (has links)
Disertacija yra teorinis kantiškosios patyrimo sampratos tyrimas, kuriame nagrinėjamas Kanto epistemologinis apriorizmas, grindžiamas skirtimi tarp juslinės medžiagos ir konceptualinės pažinimo formos bei Kanto pažinimo teorijos metafizinė dalis. Tam tikrus metafizinius aspektus išreiškia kita svarbi kantiškoji skirtis tarp „daikto savaime“ ir „reiškinio“. Pastaroji skirtis yra integrali Kanto patyrimo teorijos dalis ir ji yra artimai susijusi su Kanto epistemologija. Disertacijoje pateikiamais argumentais siekiama parodyti abiejų pagrindinių kantiškųjų skirčių svarbius aspektus ir filosofines implikacijas, ir ypač svarbą daikto savaime idėjos, kuri išreiškia tam tikrų metafizinio ir empirinio pažinimo ribų supratimą Kanto patyrimo teorijoje. Disertacijoje kritikuojami įvairūs požiūriai į Kanto patyrimo teorijos dalis, taip pat remiamasi įvairių Kanto filosofijos interpretatorių ir tyrėjų veikalais. Istorinė kantiškosios patyrimo sampratos recepcijos apžvalga leido pateikti argumentus, kurie Kanto patyrimo sampratą supriešina su metafiziniu realizmu, su filosofija, grindžiama mąstymo ir būties vienove, ir su naiviuoju epistemologiniu realizmu. Taip pat tyrimas išryškina Kanto filosofinės patyrimo teorijos metafizinį nominalizmą ir epistemologinį realizmą. / The dissertation is a theoretical inquiry into Kantian conception of experience. It includes investigation of Kant’s epistemological apriorism, which is based on the difference between sensuous mater and conceptual form of cognition and the investigation of metaphysical part of Kantian theory of cognition. Certain metaphysical aspects are introduced by another significant distinction between “thing-in-itself” and “appearance”. The last difference is integral part of Kant’s theory of experience; it is closely combined with Kant’s epistemology. Polemics of the dissertation tends to show the significant aspects and philosophical implications of both main distinctions and especially the importance of idea of the thing-in-itself, which expresses certain understanding of the limits of metaphysical and empirical cognition in Kantian theory of experience. Present work not only criticizes various views on certain parts of Kant’s theory of experience, but at the same time uses the wide variety of other significant works of interpreters and investigators of Kant’s philosophy as well. The historical review of the reception of Kantian conception of experience enabled to present arguments contrasting Kant’s theory of experience with metaphysical realism and with the philosophy grounded on the postulate of unity of thinking and being and with naïve epistemological realism. Also research highlights metaphysical nominalism and epistemological realism apparent in Kant’s philosophical theory on... [to full text]
7

Kantiškoji patyrimo samprata ir jos recepcija / Kantian conception of experience and its reception

Rimkus, Edvardas 27 October 2014 (has links)
Disertacija yra teorinis kantiškosios patyrimo sampratos tyrimas, kuriame nagrinėjamas Kanto epistemologinis apriorizmas, grindžiamas skirtimi tarp juslinės medžiagos ir konceptualinės pažinimo formos bei Kanto pažinimo teorijos metafizinė dalis. Tam tikrus metafizinius aspektus išreiškia kita svarbi kantiškoji skirtis tarp „daikto savaime“ ir „reiškinio“. Pastaroji skirtis yra integrali Kanto patyrimo teorijos dalis ir ji yra artimai susijusi su Kanto epistemologija. Disertacijoje pateikiamais argumentais siekiama parodyti abiejų pagrindinių kantiškųjų skirčių svarbius aspektus ir filosofines implikacijas, ir ypač svarbą daikto savaime idėjos, kuri išreiškia tam tikrų metafizinio ir empirinio pažinimo ribų supratimą Kanto patyrimo teorijoje. Disertacijoje kritikuojami įvairūs požiūriai į Kanto patyrimo teorijos dalis, taip pat remiamasi įvairių Kanto filosofijos interpretatorių ir tyrėjų veikalais. Istorinė kantiškosios patyrimo sampratos recepcijos apžvalga leido pateikti argumentus, kurie Kanto patyrimo sampratą supriešina su metafiziniu realizmu, su filosofija, grindžiama mąstymo ir būties vienove, ir su naiviuoju epistemologiniu realizmu. Taip pat tyrimas išryškina Kanto filosofinės patyrimo teorijos metafizinį nominalizmą ir epistemologinį realizmą. / The dissertation is a theoretical inquiry into Kantian conception of experience. It includes investigation of Kant’s epistemological apriorism, which is based on the difference between sensuous mater and conceptual form of cognition and the investigation of metaphysical part of Kantian theory of cognition. Certain metaphysical aspects are introduced by another significant distinction between “thing-in-itself” and “appearance”. The last difference is integral part of Kant’s theory of experience; it is closely combined with Kant’s epistemology. Polemics of the dissertation tends to show the significant aspects and philosophical implications of both main distinctions and especially the importance of idea of the thing-in-itself, which expresses certain understanding of the limits of metaphysical and empirical cognition in Kantian theory of experience. Present work not only criticizes various views on certain parts of Kant’s theory of experience, but at the same time uses the wide variety of other significant works of interpreters and investigators of Kant’s philosophy as well. The historical review of the reception of Kantian conception of experience enabled to present arguments contrasting Kant’s theory of experience with metaphysical realism and with the philosophy grounded on the postulate of unity of thinking and being and with naïve epistemological realism. Also research highlights metaphysical nominalism and epistemological realism apparent in Kant’s philosophical theory on... [to full text]
8

As bases metafísicas do conhecimento sensível na crítica da razão pura de Immanuel Kant

Costa, Marcos de Holanda 17 October 2011 (has links)
Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2016-08-10T13:45:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquvo total.pdf: 1248500 bytes, checksum: de65e47cb8e64bca94a8b03e6af603bc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T13:45:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquvo total.pdf: 1248500 bytes, checksum: de65e47cb8e64bca94a8b03e6af603bc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-10-17 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / We analyze the sensible forms, namely, space and time, and their possible relationships with knowledge. We credit, as well, the following interrogative: as the fundamentals of sensibility, space and time, organize our knowledge since, only we can only consider the object of knowledge that which is intuited spatially and temporally? The issue raised by Immanuel Kant leads us immediately to another intriguing overlapping issue, that is, we can only have access to the phenomenon, but not the thing itself. By the facts, here our discussion. / Analisamos as formas sensíveis, a saber: espaço e tempo, e seus possíveis relacionamentos perante o conhecimento. Creditamos, pois bem, a seguinte interrogativa: como os fundamentos da sensibilidade, espaço e tempo, organizam nosso conhecimento já que, unicamente, só podemos considerar objeto de conhecimento aquilo que é intuído espacialmente e temporalmente? A problemática levantada por Immanuel Kant leva-nos, de imediato, a outra intrigante questão sobreposta, isto é, só podemos ter acesso ao fenômeno, mas nunca a coisa em si. Mediante os fatos, eis aqui nossa discussão.
9

La chose en soi comme concept «critique» : le problème de la limitation de la connaissance dans la Critique de la raison pure de Kant

Hotes, Maria 08 1900 (has links)
No description available.
10

A coisa em si entre teoria e prática: uma exigência crítica / The \"thing in itself\" between theoretical and practical reason: a critical claim

Hulshof, Monique 18 February 2011 (has links)
A presente tese tem como intuito inicial investigar as asserções aparentemente conflituosas que Kant faz sobre as coisas em si mesmas, ora em sentido estritamente negativo, como a representação problemática de algo completamente indeterminado, ora em sentido positivo como fundamento ou causa dos fenômenos. Partindo de interpretações que compreendem esse conflito entre asserções sobre as coisas em si mesmas como tendo sua origem nos dois problemas que a filosofia crítica procura solucionar a possibilidade do conhecimento especulativo e a fundamentação da moral , procura-se reconstruir, num primeiro momento, o vínculo entre a crítica da razão e os diferentes modos de representação das coisas em si mesmas. Argumentamos que a diferenciação da faculdade racional em duas atividades ou espontaneidades, entendimento e razão, que são expostas pela crítica como produtoras de conceitos e legislações distintas, exige duas maneiras de formular, criticamente, o conceito de númeno. A primeira formulação é feita pelo entendimento mediante a abstração das condições sensíveis de aplicação das categorias, dada sua originariedade em relação à sensibilidade. Este conceito tem de permanecer, contudo, em um sentido estritamente negativo e problemático, visto as categorias consistirem apenas em funções de síntese de representações sensíveis e estarem limitadas, por isso, a um uso empírico. A segunda formulação é feita, em contrapartida, pelas idéias da razão, que pressupõem um prolongamento da síntese pensada nas categorias até o incondicionado. Ainda que envolva uma aparência transcendental essas idéias se fazem necessárias, principalmente, em vista do uso prático da razão. Num segundo momento, porém, voltando nossa atenção ao esforço de Kant em articular sistematicamente esses diferentes modos de representação das coisas em si mesmas no interior da filosofia crítica, procuramos mostrar como a elaboração do conceito de autonomia na passagem para o uso prático, possibilita uma maneira de operar com a aparência transcendental presente nas ideias, sem violar a limitação das categorias ao uso empírico. Nesse sentido, explicitamos como a crítica da razão em seu uso prático desvela um novo caminho para a faculdade de julgar, em que lhe é permitido aplicar legitimamente a categoria de causalidade com referência aos númenos. / The initial aim of this thesis is to investigate the apparently conflicting claims that Kant makes about the things in themselves, sometimes in a strictly negative sense, as a problematic representation of something completely undetermined, sometimes in a positive sense as the ground or the cause of the appearances. Starting with interpretations that understand this conflict between the claims about things in themselves as having its origin in two problems that the critical philosophy aims to solve the possibility of speculative knowledge and the moral foundation our first task is to reconstruct the link between the critique of reason and the different ways of representing things in themselves. We argue that the differentiation of the rational faculty in two activities or spontaneities understanding and reason which are presented by the critical view as producers of distinct concepts and laws, requires two ways to critically formulate the concept of noumenon. The first formulation is made by the understanding by abstraction of sensible conditions of application of the categories, given its originality in relation to sensibility. This concept must remain, however, in a strictly negative and problematic sense, since the categories consist only in synthetic functions of sensible representations and thus are limited to the empirical use. The second formulation, on the other hand, is made by the ideas of reason, which require an extension of the synthesis thought in the categories up to the unconditioned. Those ideas are needed especially in view of the practical use of reason, despite the fact they involve a \"transcendental appearance\". Turning our attention to Kant\'s effort to systematically articulate these different modes of representation of things in themselves within the critical philosophy, the second task of the thesis is to show how the concept of autonomy elaborated in the transition to practical use, provides a way to work with the transcendental appearance present in the ideas, without violating the limitation of the categories to empirical use. In this sense, we elucidate how the critique of reason in its practical use reveals a new path for the faculty of judgment, in which it is legitimately allowed to apply the category of causality with reference to noumena.

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