My diploma thesis deals with the analysis of yields which are used for finding out the value of the estate by the income approach. In the theoretical part there is the description of the particular approach of the estate valuation and the definition of the basic points going together with the real estate market. There is even the comparison of the methods used in the valuation of the estate with the methods used in the valuation of the business. The practical part deals with the yield analysis, its relationship with another macroeconomic quantity. This work is focused on the development of the yields through the real estate market segments, too.

This thesis concerns the synthesis of cadmium based nanoparticles that emitted from 400 to the near infrared (NIR) region. Once synthesised they can be possibly used as biomarkers once encapsulated in microspheres. A brief introduction to the area of nanomaterials is also provided. The focus of this thesis is split into three main categories. Firstly core/shell nanoparticles were synthesised due to their ability to emit over a large range of wavelengths. Alloyed nanoparticles were then synthesised due to their ability of being very good photoemitters. Finally core/shell/shell nanoparticles were synthesised as they had the ability of emitting in the NIR region. This thesis is split into five main chapters. The first chapter is a brief introduction to the field of nanomaterials, analysis techniques and current and possible future applications. Chapters 2, 3, and 4 contain the main research carried out with brief synthetic methods and detailed analysis and characterization. Chapter 5 contains detailed synthetic methods with experimental conditions and specific equipment used for this research.

In a Holstein herd (125 cows) the influence of early and late breeding post partum on reproduction and production was investigated. At calving the cows were randomly assigned to two groups. The early bred group was scheduled to be bred at the first visible heat following 50 days post partum which resulted in an average interval of 73 ± 18 days from parturition to the first service. The average interval from parturition to conception was 88 ± 33 days. The cows in the early bred group conceived after an average of 1.50 (range: 1 to 3) services per conception. The late bred group was scheduled to be bred at the first visible heat following 80 days post partum which resulted in an average interval of 93 ± 17 days from parturition to the first service. The average interval from parturition to conception was 120 ± 40 days. The cows in the late bred group conceived after an average of 1.96 (range: 1 to 5) services per conception. The number of services per conception was significantly (P£.05) higher for the late bred group. The early post partum reproductive activity was monitored with milk progesterone analyses. A sample of milk strippings was analysed by a radioimmunoassay technique every second day from 6 days post partum until conception occurred or the animal was removed from the herd. Cows which did not conceive were excluded from the statistical analyses. The average length of the first estrous cycle was 17 ± 7.5 days. The first progesterone detected heat occurred 33 ± 10 days post partum compared to the first visible heat which occurred 48 ± 26 days post partum. Calving associated problems and the calving during the pasture season delayed conception in the late bred group but not in the early bred group. The late bred group produced more fat corrected milk (FCM) in the 305 day lactation and in the first 150 days of the subsequent lactation and also gained more (P≤.05) weight between calvings. Cows calving during the pasture season produced more FCM in the 305 day lactation but gained significantly (P≤.01) less weight between calvings than cows calving in the non-pasture season. There was no difference between early and late bred group, health status groups or groups according to the calving season in terms of average daily milk and FCM yield calculated over the entire period of this experiment (beginning of current lactation to day 150 of the subsequent lactation, including the dry period). Calving difficulties and early post partum reproductive problems were not related to production traits. / Land and Food Systems, Faculty of / Graduate

The focal point of the thesis is the valuation of IKEA Česká republika, s.r.o. estimated as of December 31, 2012. Resulting value is set both on equity and enterpise levels. Financial analysis of the company, analyses of the macroeconomic and microeconomic environment and firm's position on a given market are included in the valuation process. To determine the value of company yield methods are applied: discounted free cash flow to firm (FCFF), discounted free cash flow to equity (FCFE) and discounted economic value added (DEVA). The resulting value represents a sum of present free cash flows intended for the owner of the company.

The paper focuses on capital market integration at sovereign bond market in eleven selected euro zone countries (Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain). The first main objective is to test the degree of capital market integration before and after the crisis using Germany as a benchmark country and also among them as well. Secondly it evaluates and provides reasons of capital integration in time. The examination is applied through i) sigma convergence ii) yield spreads iii) correlation matrix iv) cointegration tests. I found almost zero yield differences before crisis. After 2008 results show segmentation in euro zone countries with certain special characteristic for countries with high credit ratings.

Maize is the most important cereal crop grown in areas of South Africa by both small-scale and commercial farmers. Maize monocropping without sufficient input and declining soil nitrogen content are some of the factors that limit yield. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of different cowpea cultivars and populations on growth, yield and yield components of succeeding maize. The effects of cropping systems on soil N content were also observed. Field experiments were conducted during the 2005/2006 and 2006/2007 growing seasons at Potchefstroom and Taung in North West province. The trial consisted of four cowpea cultivars: PAN 311 (short duration cowpea cultivar), CH 84, Bechuana white (medium duration cowpea cultivar) and TVU 1124 (long duration cowpea cultivar) and, four planting densities (10 000, 15 000, 20 000 and 40 000 plants ha-1). Maize was used as sequential test crop to determine the residual effect of previous cowpea treatments. Cowpea grain yield increased as planting density increased at both localities. TVU 1124 gave highest grain yield of all cowpea cultivars at both localities. Total dry matter yield also increased with increasing planting density. After cowpea soil NO3- and NH4+ content increased with increasing density. Similarly, soil NO3- content of maize following cowpea showed a considerable improvement, compared to maize monocropping. The highest soil NO3- and NH4+ content was observed when maize followed Bechuana White. Significant differences were also observed in soil microbial activities among the cultivars. Maize grain yields and plant height responded positively to the previous cowpea crop, compared with maize monocropping at both locations, but especially at Taung. Maize stover yield, cob length and KNC significantly responded to maize and cowpea rotation compared to maize monocropping at Taung. These results further confirm the potential of using cowpea to contribute soil N to subsequent maize crops in a rotational system. Copyright / Dissertation (MScAgric)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Plant Production and Soil Science / unrestricted

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2017-08-01T14:57:13Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Dissertação com a Data.pdf: 5044606 bytes, checksum: c09a234cd8ad3e6e1590e833910723e3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-01T14:57:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Dissertação com a Data.pdf: 5044606 bytes, checksum: c09a234cd8ad3e6e1590e833910723e3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-28 / CNPQ / Inicialmente confirmamos a intensificação da luminescência em complexos de európio com ligantes não-iônicos mistos do tipo Eu(DBM)3(L, L’), onde DBM (1,3-difenilpropano-1,3diona) é o ligante iônico do tipo β-dicetonato e L são ligantes não-iônicos (DBSO (dibenzil sulfóxido), PTSO (ρ-toluil sulfóxido) e TPPO (óxido de trifenilfosfina)), quando comparados com complexos muito conhecidos do tipo Eu(DBM)3(L)2. A rota empregada no laboratório foi a partir da mesma metodologia de outros exemplos semelhantes de complexos mistos. Os rendimentos obtidos de cada etapa ficaram na faixa de 51-70%. Também, comprovamos experimentalmente que existe uma ordem ligantoquímica para os ligantes não-iônicos: TPPO>PTSO>DBSO>H2O. Esses dados foram corroborados a partir de cálculos teóricos do software MOPAC utilizando o modelo RM1 orbitais. As medidas de Arad obtidas para estes complexos fizeram a previsão da mesma conjectura usada anteriormente pelo nosso grupo de pesquisa: que o aumento da luminescência está relacionado com o aumento da assimetria dos complexos mistos sintetizados. Além disso, desenvolvemos uma nova metodologia de síntese, que denominamos síntese rápida (SR), para complexos do tipo Eu(β-dic)3(L)2 com diminuição no tempo de obtenção dos complexos puros (diminuição em 50% na média global) e aumento nos rendimentos globais de reação (aumento de 27% na média global). Este procedimento baseia-se na ordem de adição invertida dos ligantes (primeiramente não-iônicos e em seguida os iônicos) em relação à rota usualmente empregada na literatura. Sintetizamos também complexos de európio com ligantes iônicos mistos do tipo Eu(β’, β’’, β’’’)(TPPO)2 para comprovar que a assimetria de complexos com a utilização de ligantes iônicos também intensifica a luminescência. Os dados da luminescência obtidos comprovaram. Aperfeiçoamos a rota sintética anterior (SR) e aplicamos esta nova rota em complexos de európio que contêm ligantes iônicos mistos, realizando-a integralmente no balão de reação via One Pot. Isso proporcionou um menor tempo de reação, melhores rendimentos globais e redução na quantidade utilizada dos reagentes de partida. Foi possível também observar o efeito da triboluminescência em complexos mistos. Os complexos intermediários e finais obtidos foram caracterizados por Espectroscopia de Infravermelho, Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética Nuclear (RMN) de 1H, Espectroscopia de RMN de 19F, Espectroscopia de RMN de 31P, Espectrometria de Massas MALDI-TOF e Análise Elementar. Por fim, apresentamos rotas eficientes de sintetizar e de intensificar a luminescência em complexos de európio para várias aplicações em ciência dos materiais. / Initially we confirmed that the intensification of the luminescence of mixed europium complexes of the type Eu(DBM)3(L,L’), where DBM (1,3-diphenylpropane-1,3-dione) is the ionic ligand and L or L’ are the non-ionic ligands: DBSO (dibenzyl sulphoxide), PTSO (ptolyl sulphoxide) and TPPO (triphenylphosphine oxide) when compared with known complexes of the type Eu(DBM)3(L)2. They were all synthesized by the same synthetic route mostly used in the literature. The reaction yields obtained ranged from 51% to 70%. It is important to mention that it was experimentally proved that there is a chemical bond order for the non-ionic ligand to attach to the central atom, as follows: TPPO>PTSO>DBSO>H2O. In addition, theoretical calculations performed with the MOPAC software, using the RMI orbitals model comproved this same behavior. Another interesting result that we achieved was concerning the Arad data obtained from these mixed europium complexes, they were able to predict the same conjecture used previously and it was in agreement to the quantum yield data determined for the other mixed L,L’ complexes: luminescence increasesment can be directly related to the assymmetry of the ligands in the europium mixed complex. Furthermore, we developed a new synthetic route named Fast Synthesis (FS), to obtain complexes of the type Eu(β-dic)3(L)2. The application of this methodology brought great advantages: significant decrease in reaction time to obtain the pure complexes (in average 50% decrease in reaction time); increase the global reaction yield (in average 27% of reaction yield increase). This synthetic procedure is based on the inverted order of addition of the ligands to the coordination atom or else, firstly the non-ionic ligands are added, followed by the ionic ones when compared to the synthetic route commonly employed by the inorganic chemists. Using the FS methodology we prepared assymmetric europium complexes coordinated with different ionic ligands like, Eu(β’, β’’, β’’’)(TPPO)2, envisaging to comprove that structure assymmetry enhances luminescence. The data of quantum efficiency obtained were in accodance with previous luminescence results. Another important step was introduced to improve our FS route in obtaining europium complexes with mixed ionic ligands, this time performing the experiment via One Pot procedure. The results of the synthesis One Pot was astonishing: much less reaction time, much better yields and pronounced reduction on initial reagents quantities. Unexpectedly, it was possible to observe the triboluminencence phenomenon, when crystals of the complex Eu(DBM,BTFA,TTA)TPPO2 were frictioned with a spatula and luminescent glares of light appeared. All the complex intermediates and final ones had their structures characterized by IR Spectroscopy, NMR Spectroscopy of 1H, 19F and 31P; Mass Spectrometry MALDI-TOF and Elemental Analysis. To conclude, we have developed two new synthetic routes, synthesized 23 new complexes, including a new class of luminescente europium complexes of the type Eu(β’, β’’, β’’’)(TPPO)2 , opening a new branch for application on Science of Materials.

In this report we establish cyclohexasilane (CHS) as a reliable precursor for non-thermal plasma synthesis of high quality photoluminescent silicon nanocrystals (SiNCs). We demonstrate that this synthesis approach can produce high quality, size tunable silicon quantum dots with quantum yields exceeding 60% as synthesized (subsequent work in our group has measured over 70% quantum yield after density gradient ultracentrifugation size purification).After a brief background on non-thermal plasma synthesis, the characterization methods used in this study, and an overview of CHS, we report at length on our development of the apparatus used, and our exploration of the controllable processing parameters of the synthesis method. We describe our successes and challenges with size tuning, sample collection, and passivation. Finally, we discuss preliminary studies we performed to identify promising future research areas. Novel reactor designs, blue light passivation, and magnetic confinement of plasma are described briefly to entice future researchers.

This research aims to examine if a negative relationship exists between the dividend yield and stock price volatility of firms listed on the Swedish Stock exchange market, which is of utter interest and intrinsic for investors and financial analyst in the process of valuing a security’s and a stock portfolio's risk and return. The data that was utilized for this study consists of 52 companies for the period of 2010 to 2019 which makes up for 520 observations. A pooled regression model and a multiple ordinary least squares model was applied to test the relationship. The results show a negative relationship between the dividend yield and stock price volatility. On the other hand, the results indicate that there is a significant positive relationship between earnings volatility and stock price volatility. However, there is a negative relationship for leverage, market value and asset growth with stock price volatility.

[pt] O presente trabalho, de natureza teórico-experimental, objetiva estudar a influencia de perturbações acústicas num escoamento turbulento e subsônico de ar, em desenvolvimento num duto de seção circular de 3000 mm de comprimento e 50,8 mm de diâmetro interno. Perturbações acústicas senoidais são introduzidas no escoamento nas frequências naturais de ressonâncias do duto (56 e 112 Hz), acoplado ao túnel de vento propulsor do escoamento. O trabalho experimental compreende medições dos campos de velocidade média, turbulência e pressão e de características da onda acústica utilizada como fonte de perturbação do escoamento. O campo de pressão induzido pelo escoamento não-perturbado foi medido por técnicas convencionais. Já na situação de escoamento perturbado acusticamente, uma análise da técnica de medição fez-se necessária devido às dificuldades intrínsecas à medição de pressão em escoamentos periódicos. Com base na resposta de diferentes sistemas de medição, desenvolveu-se uma modelagem via técnica de parâmetros concentrados, o que permitiu o estudo da resposta do transdutor de pressão sob o ponto de vista de sistemas não lineares. Para identificar os diversos fatores que distorcem o valor da pressão indicada pelos transdutores na situação de escoamento perturbado, uma intercomparação dos resultados obtidos via diferentes sistemas (micromanometro, sensor capacitivo de diafragma e microfone capacitivo) foi realizada, permitindo validar o modelo proposto. Conceitos de linhas de transmissão, fundamentados à luz da analogia elétrica, foram utilizados para explicar a origem dos erros sistemáticos, também reportados em outros trabalhos, e estabelecer uma base para modelagem via parâmetros distribuídos, permitindo estabelecer restrição para seleção do comprimento do tubo de conexão, que interliga o transdutor ao sistema de medição. Medições de velocidade média e de turbulência foram realizadas nos escoamentos perturbadas e não-perturbado pela técnica da anemometria de fio quente. Para algumas das situações investigadas, a excitação acústica induziu estímulos da ordem de 100 por cento nas flutuações de velocidade, decorrentes do acoplamento da turbulência e da onda perturbadora, relativamente ao escoamento não-perturbado, resultado que apresenta interesse em aplicações tecnológicas. Na busca dos efeitos introduzidos pela perturbação acústica no escoamento turbulento, foi estudada teórica e experimentalmente a mecânica da propagação da onda e os efeitos da dissipação viscosa na sua propagação. / [en] A theoretical and experimental study of acoustic pertubations interacting with a turbulent subsonic air flow inside a circular cross-section duct (length 3000 mm and diameter 50.8 mm) was performed. Sinusoidal acoustic perturbations are introduced in the flow at resonante frequencies of the pipe, namely 56 and 112 Hz. For the undisturbed flow, static pressure field was measured by means of standard techniques. Measurement of pressure field in the disturbed flow condition is a difficult task and requires more sophisticated methods. A concentrated parameter model based on system response was developed in order to study the response of a the pressure trasnducer under the non-linear point of view. As to estimate the influence of some parameters involved in the measurement, different types of transducers were used (micromanometer, capacitive sensor and a condenser michophone) to promote the intercomparison between available techniques and the esxperimental pressure a data obtained. The transmission line concepts, based upon the electrical analogy, were also used to explain the source of systematic errors present in the measuring technique. Technical recommendations, based on a distributed parameters modelling, are provided leading to restrictions of the length of the tube which connects the transducer to the wall pressure taps. Measurements of mean velocity and intensity of turbulence were made by means of a hot-wire anemometer. In some of the conditions investigated, in comparison with the undisturbed turbulent flow, acoustic perturbations indeced and increase of velocity fluctuations of the order of 100 per cent, due to the coupling of the turbulence and the excitation acoustic wave.