The main task of this diploma thesis is a possibility of using revenue yield management (RYM) techniques in small and medium-sized accommodation establishments (SMAE). This thesis includes an analysis of current situation in tourism and current using RYM techniques in Czech Republic. Next the data from the particular guest house are analyzed and its guest perception is found out. The particular guest house situation is used for demonstrating of application RYM techniques and for proposing a new trade policy. After that recommendations and generalization for all SMAE are given.

My diploma thesis was focused on the corn nutrition in practical conditions of the agricultural company. The evaluation was made with the help of an experiment, which was made at an altitude of 508 metres, the experimental land belongs to the agricultural company Jasanka s.r.o. The experiment is based on the nutrition of corn with different fertilization doses. Various parameters characterizing plant development were observed during the vegetation season. The final results of this experiment showed the overall differences between the fertilized variants. For all the evaluated indicators, a decreasing tendency with a decreasing amount of nitrogen was confirmed. It is clear that all parameters of the best results were obtained for fertilizer variant 1 (58.5 kg N*ha-1). Similarly, for all parameters, the gradual decrease of values decreasing the fertilizer dose is evident.

The diploma thesis deals in the first part with the importance and the characteristics of the most famous and the most cultivated clover crops in our country. Clover crops distinctly increase yield of fodder crops and production in temporary and permanent grasslands with a low fertilizer requirement. The production of high-quality bulky feed on the arable land and on permanent grasslands leads to a higher nutrients concentration for high-performance animals. The second part of this thesis is focused on the own monitoring of the Hare's-foot clover, where operating areas was chosen in the South Bohemian region. On operating areas, which were 1-year, 2-years, 3-years old, there was studied the manner of planting, the quantity of plants and stems per 1 m2 and the yield of fodder crops of one of the most important clovers cultivated in the Czech Republic were determined by a numerical method. In conclusion, the methods of regulation of yield of fodder crops and quality of crop production take into account agrotechnical and technological procedures, cultivated crops and, last but not least, agricultural machines affect the quality and condition of the growths. Because fodder is important not only for good forage, but also for non-production functions, environmental protection, landscape creation, revitalization and species diversity.

A república de Moçambique é um país localizado ao longo da costa Leste da África Austral, com a economia baseada essencialmente na prática da agricultura. A cultura do milho (Zea mays L.) é a mais importante, cultivada em regime de sequeiro, com rendimentos dependentes das condições meteorológicas. Modelos agrometeorológicos de estimativa de rendimentos de culturas alimentares são alternativas viáveis para tomada de decisão em medidas de segurança alimentar e abastecimento. O calendário agrícola e o sistema de produção tornam o uso de geotecnologias uma importante ferramenta para o monitoramento de culturas e o desenvolvimento de modelos de estimativa de rendimentos. Produtos de dados de sensoriamento remoto, como índices espectrais combinados com parâmetros agrometeorológicos podem melhorar as representações espaciais de rendimentos do milho em Moçambique. O ajuste de um modelo agrometeorológico espectral para estimativa de rendimentos do milho por regressão linear múltipla na província de Manica-Moçambique constituiu o objetivo do estudo. Foi realizado um mapeamento de áreas agrícolas por análise multitemporal do NDVI/MODIS e também foi avaliada a eficiência de variáveis agrometeorológicas e espectrais na estimativa de rendimentos do milho em uma área da província de Manica que envolve os distritos de Gondola, Manica, Mossurize e Sussundenga, responsáveis por mais de 80% da produção de milho na província nos anos de 2000 a 2009. Foi desenvolvido um modelo de início do ciclo do milho baseado em critérios de chuva, e estabelecendo um ciclo fixo do milho em 130 dias. A metodologia de mapeamento de áreas agrícolas consistiu em somatórios de imagens binárias geradas por diferença de NDVI máximo e mínimo ao longo do ciclo e estabelecimento de níveis de restrição com base em comparações com estatísticas oficiais por distrito. As variáveis agrometeorológicas testadas foram evapotranspiração relativa (ETr/ETm) e o índice de satisfação das necessidade de água (ISNA) calculados a partir de dados de estimativas de elementos meteorológicos do modelo do ECMWF. O conjunto de variáveis espectrais compreendiam composições de 16 dias de índices de vegetação EVI e NDVI provenientes do produto MOD13Q1 do sensor MODIS e o LSWI, gerado por diferença normalizada de bandas de refletância de superfície do infravermelho próximo e médio contidas no mesmo produto. O modelo agrometeorológico espectral envolveu as variáveis meteorológicas e espectrais como independentes sendo o rendimento médio e relativo, as variáveis dependentes ajustadas em um modelo de regressão múltipla. Todos os distritos, a exceção de Mossurize, geraram modelos com bom desempenho nas estimativas de rendimentos do milho e significado físico. O modelo regional, incluindo Gondola, Manica e Sussundenga e envolvendo o rendimento relativo foi o mais recomendado para estimativa de rendimentos do milho na região com r2 = 0,762 e RMSE de 9,46%. / Mozambique is a country located along the east coast of southern Africa, with an economy based primarily on agriculture. The Maize crop (Zea mays L.) is the most important crop, growing in rainfed conditions, with its yield dependent only on weather conditions. Agrometeorological models to forecast yields of food crops are viable alternatives for decision making on food safety measures and supply. The agricultural calendar and the production system make use of geotechnologies an important tool for crop monitoring and yield forecasting. Products from remote sensing data, combined with spectral indices and agrometeorological parameters can improve the spatial representations of maize yields in Mozambique. Setting an agrometeorological model to estimate the spectral yield of corn by multiple linear regression in Manica province, Mozambique was the objective of the study. Were conducted a mapping of agricultural areas by analyzing multitemporal NDVI / MODIS and also evaluated the effectiveness of spectral and meteorological variables in the estimated maize yield in an area of Manica province involving the districts of Gondola, Manica, Mossurize and Sussundenga responsible for more than 80% of corn production in the province in the years 2000 to 2009. A model was developed to estimate the beginnig of the corn cycle, using as a criteria the rainfall, and setting a fixed cycle of corn in 130 days. The methodology for mapping agricultural areas consisted of sums of binary images generated by the difference of maximum and minimum NDVI throughout the cycle and establishing levels of restriction based on comparisons with official statistics by district. Were tested the meteorological variables: the relative evapotranspiration (ETr / ETm) and the index of satisfaction of water needs (ISNA) calculated from data from meteorological model of ECMWF. The set of spectral variable were comprised of 16 days composition of vegetation indices NDVI and EVI from the MODIS product MOD13Q1 and LSWI generated from normalized difference of surface reflectance bands of near-infrared and medium infrared contained the same product. The meteorological and spectral variables was the set of independent variables and the average and relative yield were the set of dependent variables used to adjusted a multiple regression model, called agrometeorological-spectral model. To all districts, except for Mossurize were generated models with good performance in estimating the corn yield and with physical meaning. The regional model, including Gondola, Manica and Sussundenga and involving the relative yield was the most suitable for estimating corn yield in the region with r2 = 0.762 and RMSE of 9.46%.

This study aimed to evaluate genotypes of sweet potato under different types of soil fertility in two experiments that were conducted in the area of the Center of Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas (ECSC / UFAL). The first conducted between June 2009 and October 2009 and the second between August 2010 and January 2011. Was used for both experiments, the randomized block design in 3 x 7 factorial with three replications. The experimental plots consisted of three plots of 6.0 m long with 0.30 m in height each, consisting of 15 plants per swath in the spacing of 0.80 mx 0.40 m, considering how useful area row core. These sweet potato genotypes were submitted to the following types of fertilization: 1 - No Application No Lime and Fertilizer Mineral 2 - With Application of Lime and Fertilizer Mineral No 3 - With Application of Mineral Fertilizer and Limestone. This work allowed the following conclusions: a) Clone 06 and witnesses Coquinho White and Sergipe had the highest amounts of commercial roots and yield of commercial roots per hectare in the experiment of 2010. b) There were influences of different types of soil fertility in genotypes of sweet potato for the variables RRNC, RTR and PPA in the experiment of 2010. c) Clone 06 witnesses and the Queen of Penedo and Sergipe had the highest amounts of commercial roots and yield of commercial roots per hectare in the experiment of 2011. d) There was influence of different types of soil fertility in genotypes of sweet potato for the variables DRC, RRC, RTR and PPA in the experiment of 2011. e) The type of soil fertility with lime and mineral fertilizers yielded better results in most of the variables in both experiments. f) Among the clones in both experiments, clone 06 showed the best performance. / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar genótipos de batata-doce submetidos a diferentes tipos de fertilidade de solo em dois experimentos que foram conduzidos na área experimental do Centro de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal de Alagoas (CECA/UFAL). O primeiro conduzido entre Junho de 2009 e Outubro de 2009 e o segundo entre Agosto de 2010 e Janeiro de 2011. Foi utilizado, para os dois experimentos, o delineamento em blocos casualizados no esquema fatorial 7 x 3 com três repetições. As parcelas experimentais foram constituídas por três leiras de 6,0 m de comprimento com 0,30 m de altura cada, compostas por 15 plantas por leira no espaçamento de 0,80 m x 0,40 m, considerando-se como área útil a fileira central. Os referidos genótipos de batata-doce foram submetidos aos seguintes tipos de fertilização: 1 - Sem Aplicação de Calcário e Sem Adubação Mineral; 2 Com Aplicação de Calcário e Sem Adubação Mineral; 3 Com Aplicação de Calcário e com Adubação Mineral. O presente trabalho permitiu as seguintes conclusões: a) O clone 06 e as testemunhas Coquinho e Sergipana Branca apresentaram as maiores quantidades de raízes comerciais e no rendimento de raízes comerciais por hectare no experimento de 2010. b) Houve influencia dos diferentes tipos de fertilidade do solo nos genótipos de batata-doce para as variáveis RRNC, RTR e PPA no experimento de 2010. c) O clone 06 e as testemunhas Rainha de Penedo e Sergipana apresentaram as maiores quantidades de raízes comerciais e rendimento de raízes comerciais por hectare no experimento de 2011. d) Houve influencia dos diferentes tipos de fertilidade do solo nos genótipos de batata-doce para as variáveis DRC, RRC, RTR e PPA no experimento de 2011. e) O tipo de fertilidade do solo com calcário e adubação mineral apresentou melhores resultados na maioria das variáveis nos dois experimentos. f) Dentre os clones avaliados nos dois experimentos o clone 06 foi o que apresentou melhor desempenho.

Submitted by Vinicius Carmello (viniciuscarmello@gmail.com) on 2018-11-12T18:20:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 vinicius TESE22.pdf: 10046733 bytes, checksum: df982987806bc8683b36d7e456bb061d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by ALESSANDRA KUBA OSHIRO ASSUNÇÃO (alessandra@fct.unesp.br) on 2018-11-13T10:37:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 carmello_v_dr_prud.pdf: 10046733 bytes, checksum: df982987806bc8683b36d7e456bb061d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-13T10:37:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 carmello_v_dr_prud.pdf: 10046733 bytes, checksum: df982987806bc8683b36d7e456bb061d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-07-30 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar a variabilidade das chuvas e a produtividade da soja em regiões produtoras no Brasil, Estados Unidos e Índia. A partir de um estudo comparativo e amparado pelas análises climatológicas que envolvem técnicas estatísticas e cartográficas, buscou-se compreender os arranjos regionais particulares a cada realidade. Configurada e considerada sob as possibilidades e formas desiguais de acesso à técnica e ao manejo necessário para minimizar os efeitos adversos e negativos/positivos da variabilidade, considera-se que essa heterogeneidade dá o caráter de maior ou menor susceptibilidade as quebras ou déficits agrícolas. Espera-se contextualizar a realidade regional em função da observação dos diferentes arranjos regionais produzidos diferentemente conforme a história e da política internacional em conexões globais, para tanto, foi elaborada a parte de fundamentação teórica tratando temas contemporâneos da geopolítica, da globalização, do conceito de região e da importância de se realizar um estudo comparado. Foram coletados dados de produtividade de soja e de precipitação e temperatura de quatro regiões. A primeira delas localiza-se no sul do Brasil e é constituída pela região noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul, a segunda localiza-se no centro oeste do Brasil, mais especificamente o norte do Mato Grosso, a terceira é nos Estados Unidos e constitui o noroeste do Estado de Ohio, e a quarta situa-se na região central e mais agrícola da Índia, o oeste do estado de Madhya Pradesh. Cada região apresenta diferentes características e especificidades quanto a história, cultura, padrões, crenças, estruturas econômicas, etc., mas detém uma característica em comum, a presença da soja, fator determinante para realizar uma pesquisa comparativa. Os resultados mostraram maior variação dos totais anuais de produtividade de soja no noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul, Ohio e Madhya Pradesh e menor variação, indicando maior homogeneidade no norte do Mato Grosso. O Mato Grosso, juntamente com Ohio são os dois maiores produtores, com valores anuais alcançando, em alguns casos, 3,800 kg/ha. O Rio Grande do Sul, neste contexto, se torna intermediário, com marcada variação anual tanto entre os totais regionais, quanto entre os municípios. A região indiana mostra valores baixos se comparado às demais regiões, porém com certa homogeneidade dos dados – baixa variação. A variabilidade das chuvas também foi marcada no Rio Grande do Sul, Ohio e com menor intensidade em Madhya Pradesh e norte do Mato Grosso. Apesar das análises nas escalas anuais indicar bons resultados, foi a partir da redução para a escala mensal que foi possível medir com maior precisão os níveis de correlação entre a chuva e a produtividade de soja. Para o sul do Brasil, 90% dos resultados do total de 42 testes realizados mostraram uma correlação estatisticamente significativa (para valores de p entre 0,001 e 0,03), principalmente para os meses de janeiro e fevereiro. Nos Estados Unidos, os resultados apresentaram correlações positivas com valores de p entre 0,028 e 0,042 em julho e agosto e negativos em maio. Estes mesmos testes não foram significativos no norte do Mato Grosso e na região indiana. No sul do Brasil, os resultados estatisticamente positivos correspondem aos principais períodos de desenvolvimento da soja, onde as necessidades de água são maiores: os meses de janeiro e fevereiro correspondem à floração, ao desenvolvimento e ao enchimento das vagens, um período que requer uma boa distribuição de precipitação (o que explica o grande número de correlações positivas). Ao mesmo tempo, nos Estados Unidos, os resultados indicam uma maior dependência entre os rendimentos da soja e as chuvas que ocorrem em julho e agosto, o que corresponde também ao período mais importante para o desenvolvimento fenológico da cultura nesta região. Os resultados integram e contribuem para pesquisas relacionadas à climatologia numa escala global, e aos estudos dos impactos regionais das mudanças climáticas, e temas da geopolítica no contexto atual (estratégicas), relacionado à produção de alimentos. Em síntese, a tese representou uma correlação entre a realidade climática geográfica (chuva e vulnerabilidade agrícola) a partir do contexto regional de cada ponto escolhido. / This research main goal is to analyze the rainfall variability and soybean yield in producing regions in Brazil, India and United States. The study sought to understand the specific regional arrangements based on a comparative study supported by climatological analyzes involving statistical and cartographic techniques. Configured and considered under different and unequal technique access forms and required management to minimize variability’ positive/negative adverse effects, the research considers this heterogeneity gives greater or lesser susceptibility to agricultural breaks or deficits. Different regional arrangements are produced differently according to history and global connection international politics. Theoretical basis was elaborated dealing with contemporary geopolitics issues such as globalization, concept of region and comparative study. 4-regions soybean yield, precipitation and temperature data were collected. The first region corresponds to Southern Brazil, specifically Rio Grande do Sul northwest, and the second is placed on Brazil’s Middle-West, at northern Mato Grosso state. The third region is located at United States, in northwest Ohio state, and the fourth one represents the most agricultural region of India: western Madhya Pradesh state. Strong annual soybean yield variability was found in Rio Grande do Sul, Ohio and Madhya Pradesh, with less variation and strong homogeneity in Mato Grosso. Also, Mato Grosso and Ohio are the largest producers, with annual values reaching 3,800kg/ha, followed by Rio Grande do Sul, affected by seasonality. The Indian region shows the lowest values although has a strong data homogeneity (less variation). Annual rainfall variability was well marked in Rio Grande do Sul and Ohio, with less intensity in Madhya Pradesh and northern Mato Grosso state. However, monthly data allows to reach better correlations between soybean yield and rainfall. 90% of 42 correlation tests showed statistical significance (p-value between 0.001 and 0.03) for southern Brazil, principally in January and February. For Ohio, positive correlations (p-value between 0,028 and 0.042) were found in July and August, and negative correlations were found in May. The first result corresponds to main soybean development period in Brazil, with more water needs: January and February correspond to flowering and pods’ filling and development period, that requires a satisfactory precipitation distribution (which explains the substantial number of positive correlations). At the same time, in United States the results indicate more dependence between soybean yield and July and August rainfall, most important months to phenological development at this region. The results increase climatological research related to climate at global scale, and the climate change regional impacts. Also contributes to geopolitics issues at current context (strategies), related to food production. The thesis presents correlation between the geographical-climatic reality (rainfall and agricultural vulnerability) from regional context of each selected point. / FAPESP: 2014/01071-1 / FAPESP: 2015/18063-4 / FAPESP: 2016/24271-1

Sediment and nutrient loss from agricultural landscapes contributes to water quality impairment and has the potential to impact crop yield. Best management practices (BMPs) such as riparian buffers have been designed to combat these issues; however, concentrated flow paths (CFPs) reduce their effectiveness and are often overlooked in agricultural fields. Conventional management of CFPs is to fill and grade them, however this provides only a short term solution leading to their reformation and increased sediment loss. The objectives of this project were: i) to determine if the filling of CFPs influence crop growth (yield and biomass), ii) determine a distance at which crop growth is no longer influenced by CFPs, iii) assess the impact that topography and CFPs have on crop growth, iv) analyze water quality in surface runoff leaving crop fields via CFPs, and v) develop an economic analysis for CFP’s influence on crop returns. Six small agricultural catchments, CFPs, and topographic positions (i.e., depositional, backslope, and shoulder) were delineated using ArcGIS and LiDAR data. In each catchment, six 4 m2 plots were established along CFPs where crop biomass and crop yield were measured. Additionally, six plots with no influence from CFPs were established as reference plots. Surface water quality was assessed by taking edge-of-field grab samples at the CFP outlet during significant rain events (i.e., precipitation exceeding 2.5 cm). Water samples were analyzed for total suspended solids (TSS), total phosphorus (TP), dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP), ammonium-nitrogen (NH4+-N), and nitrate-N (NO3- -N). Through this study it was shown that CFPs served as a conduit for transporting nutrient and sediment laden runoff to receiving waters, that increasing/decreasing distance from CFPs had an impact on crop yields, and that there was no crop yield advantage from the filling of CFPs vs. leaving them unfilled. Median values for NO3-N (1.85 mg L-1) and TSS (140 mg L-1) in the Fill catchments were higher than the No-Fill catchments (0.77 mg L-1 and 35.5 mg L-1, respectively), while DRP and TP concentrations were higher in the No-Fill catchments (1.31 mg L-1 and 2.37 mg L-1, respectively) compared to the Fill catchments (0.91 mg L-1 and 1.83 mg L-1, respectively) over the growing season. Crop biomass and yield results between the depositional and backslope positions were similar regardless of treatment, but were lower than the reference plots and shoulder position. Results from the economic analysis on the cost of farming in/near CFPs indicated that the economic return was greatly dependent on precipitation. CFPs are generally concave positions on the landscapes and have been eroded to a clayey subsoil, both resulting in greater water accumulation and retention than elsewhere in the field. During wetter years, an economic loss was incurred nearest to the CFP and during drier years, sites nearest to CFPs saw positive returns. Farmers and land managers may consider implementing stabilization measures, such as grassed waterways, in CFPs since crop yields are typically lower in wetter years, there’s increased cost to maintain these areas, and accelerated sediment loss can exacerbate the crop yield losses and impact on water quality.

[pt] O elemento combustível de um reator do tipo LMFBR consiste em um feixe de barras de arranjo triangular com espaçadores helicoidais, contido em um duto hexagonal. Neste trabalho, desenvolve-se o programa ATHEL que incorpora um método determinístico para o cálculo da distribuição de temperatura, baseado em modelos para o cálculo do coeficiente de atrito e redistribuição do escoamento axial, para o escoamento transversal e a mistura térmica turbulenta. Os resultados obtidos foram comparados com dados experimentais disponíveis na literatura, apresentando precisão semelhante aos códigos de análise mais complexa, como é o caso do COBRA e THI3D. O modelo físico utilizado e o programa desenvolvido permitem a realização de análise termohidráulica de reatores de maneira rápida e econômica. / [en] The fuel elemento f na LMFBR consists of a bundle of rods wrapped with an helical wire as spacer, surrounded by an hexagonal duct. In the present work, the ATHEL code is developed a deterministic method to calculate the temperature distribution based on models for the prediction of the friction factor and flow redistribution, for the cross flow and for the turbulent eddy dyffusivity. The obtained results are compared to available experimental data in the literature, yielding equivalent accuracy to more complex analysis code, such as COBRA and THI3D. The developed physical methods and code allow thermalhydraulics analysis of reactors in a very fast and inexpensive way.

[pt] Neste trabalho é estudado o escoamento permanente laminar de um fluido newtoniano, incompreensível e de propriedades físicas constantes, ao longo de condutos porosos, com sucção ou injeção variável através das paredes. Tanto o problema hidrodinamico quanto o térmico são analisados. Duas geometrias são adotadas para o conduto: a de tubo cilíndrico circular reto, de extremidades abertas e de um canal formado por placas planas paralelas e infinitas. Em ambas as geometrias são admitidas duas condições de contorno para o problema térmico: I – fluxo uniforme de calor por condução, trocado entre o fluido e a superfície interna do conduto e II – fluxo uniforme de calor por condução, trocado entre o fluido e a superfície interna do duto. Para todos entes casos, é determinada a influencia do fluxo de massa transversal sobre ambos os coeficientes de transferência: o de quantidade de movimento e o de calor. Estes problemas vêm despertando interesse crescente em diversos pesquisadores, por suas numerosas aplicações na engenharia e na medicina. As múltiplas utilizações dos termodutos, ou a preocupação de obter informações mais pormenorizadas sobre a circulação de fluidos nos organismos dos seres vivos são exemplos destas aplicações. A maioria dos trabalhos existentes sobre o problema acima descrito emprega a hipótese de velocidade de sucção constante ao longo do conduto. Devido à pequena quantidade de dados experimentais para comparação com os resultados teóricos, a consistência da hipótese mencionada pode ser questionada. Uma investigação sobre a viabilidade da consideração de sucção constante é, por isto, desenvolvida no presente trabalho. A Lei de Darcy é utilizada na obtenção da distribuição das velocidades de sucção ou injeção e os resultados hidronamicos e térmicos são comparados com os da literatura pertinente. O método utilizado na integração das equações diferenciais parciais é o desenvolvimento da velocidade axial e da temperatura adimensionais em séries de potencias. Este método não restringe a aplicabilidade dos resultados a consideração de perfis similares de velocidade ou a regiões afastadas da entrada do conduto permeável. Entretanto, em ambas as geometrias estudadas, os perfis de velocidade e de temperatura são supostos serem plenamente para taxas moderadas de sucção ou injeção e para fluidos com números de Prandtl de ordem de grandeza da unidade, mas pode ser estendido, com algum esforço suplementar, para casos ainda mais gerais. / [en] The steady, laminar flow of newtonian, incompressible, consant property fluid along porous-walled conduits is analysed for contions of variable suction or blowing through the duct walls. Both hydrodynamic and thermal problems are solved. Two geometries are assumed for the conduit: an open-ended straight circular cylindrical tube, and a flat duct formed by infinite parallel plates. Two kinds of thermal boundary conditions are adopted for both geometries: I – constant wall temperature and II – uniform conducton heat flow exchanged between the fluid and the internal sufarce. In all cases, it is determined the influence of the transversal mass flow over the momentum abda heat transfer coefficients. Several investigators have dedicated and increasing interest to these problems, due to their applications in engineering and medicine. Heat pipe multiple utilizations, as well as the search of obtainning more detailed information about fluid circulation in aniaml and plant organs, such as lung and arteries, are examples of such applications. The majority of published works about these problem makes use of a constant suction velocity as a hypotesis of work. Owing to a small amount of experimental data for comparison with theoretical results, may be questioned if it is an acceptable hypotesis. An investigation over the validity of uniform whitdrawal or injection is developed in the present work. The law of darcy for flow in porous media is introduced to give the wall velocity distribution and the results can be confronted with those for uniform suction or injection. The method used to solve the system of partial differential equations is based on power series expansion for the velocity and temperature. This technique does not impose a restriction on the applicability of the results in the sense of using similar velocity profiles or regions far from the entrance of the permeable pipe or channel. In both geometries studied, the velocity and temperature profiles are supposed as being fully devoloped at the duct entrance. The method is adequated only for moderate rates of suction or blowing, and for fluids with prandtl numbers of order of one, but can be extended, with some supplementary effort, to more general situations.

level of cattle breeding is putting growing demands on milk production and it is closely related with fertility. The aim of this work was based on data analysis to determine fertility of dairy cows bred in modern technology in the context of the quality of nutrition, stabling and milk production and determine the level of the relationship between fertility and milk production. Monitoring herds proceeded in two breeds from May 2010 to December 2011. The data was obtained from the reports for monitoring performance, and the accompanying sheets cattle and T4C program (Time for Cows), which records detailed data on milking cows. Overall, more than 19,000 data entries on fertility and yield of cows were statistically evaluated. It was found that dairy cows kept in modern technology, which uses AMS (Automatic Milking Systems) the interval 368.97 days and 406.27 days, which is about 30 or 15.72 less compared with the average of Czech Republic. The value of service period in selected farms was 109.19 and 119.58 days. Compared to the national average is about 12.80 and 3.31 on shorter SP. Insemination interval of 62.63 and 81.06 days was again a 20.36 and 1.93 days shorter than the average insemination interval in Czech Republic in 2010. Correlation relationship between milk production and fertility was found to be statistically significant only for insemination interval rxy = - 0.302+ service period and rxy = 0.402+. The hypothesis, that using AMS does not have a negative effect on fertility was confirmed.