Cette thèse étudie les rapports sociaux de sexe, le capacitisme et les conditions d’accès à l’emploi pour les femmes en situation de handicap en Haïti. Elle se donne pour objectif d’analyser et de documenter les conditions d’accès à l’emploi des femmes en situation de handicap en Haïti. Elle tente de répondre aux questions suivantes : Quelles sont les expériences des femmes en situation de handicap en Haïti au regard de l’emploi ? Comment l’accès à l’emploi est-il influencé par des facteurs tels : l’éducation, les représentations sociales du handicap, l’accessibilité, la sécurité, l’état d’esprit des femmes handicapées et leur participation sociale ? Quelles sont les revendications des associations des femmes handicapées en Haïti, et quels sont des mécanismes mis en place par l’État pour faciliter l’inclusion ou l’accès à l’emploi des femmes en situation de handicap en Haïti ? Elle est réalisée à partir d’une enquête qualitative dont le terrain de recherche est constitué de 12 entretiens semi-dirigés avec : des femmes en situation de handicap, des militantes d’organisations de femmes handicapées et un représentant de l’État. Elle combine l’approche intersectionnelle et le féminisme matérialiste pour comprendre les obstacles que rencontrent les femmes en situation de handicap à Haïti en ce qui a trait à l’emploi.

The diploma thesis deals with the issue of operating aircrafts by people with physical disabi-lities. Firstly, it formulates medical eligibility requirements for pilots with mobility restricti-ons. Because there is a large number of movement restrictions and each of them is very indi-vidual, an adaptation for only one of these categories was chosen for the conceptual design of the aircraft in this diploma thesis: limitation of the lower half of the body. The aircraft is designed to best meet the needs of pilots with this limitation of movement, with emphasis on ergonomics, the possibility of independent use without any help of other people and espe-cially on the safety of the user. Furthermore, the work examines possibilities of adjusting the control of aircraft for the disabled, tries to choose the most suitable one which is then desci-bed. In the end, an examination of the UL2 regulation requirements for the designed aircraft is done.

The subject of graduation thesis is design of bathtube for people with disabilities. The machine belongs to the sanitary equipment. The main purpose is the user´s hygiene, in the specific case with an operator assistance. This machine can be used in retirement homes, hospices, nursing homes and hospitals. The thesis is focused on design and ergonomic solution. Solution of construction is more conceptual. Graphic design and brand placement is the part of the solution.

La présente thèse propose une analyse de l'application par un tribunal administratif québécois de l'obligation d'accommodement d'un employeur à l'égard d'un(e) salarié(e) ayant un problème de santé mentale. Cette étude en trois volets fait 1) une revue d'une sélection d'articles et rapports de la littérature en psychologie organisationnelle et gestion des incapacités portant sur le retour au travail des personnes ayant un problème de santé mentale, 2) un rappel des principales décisions de la Cour suprême du Canada portant sur l'obligation d'accommodement en contexte d'emploi pour des personnes handicapées et 3) une analyse approfondie des décisions rendues par les arbitres de grief québécois entre 2010 et 2018 qui se sont penchées sur l'obligation d'accommodement d'un employeur à l'égard d'un(e) salarié(e) ayant un problème de santé mentale. Notre analyse de ces décisions nous permet d'émettre certaines conclusions notamment quant a) à une judiciarisation plus élevée du recours à l'obligation d'accommodement chez les syndiqués que chez les non-syndiqués, b) aux possibilités restreintes d'accommodement lorsqu'il y a un absentéisme de longue durée ou fréquent, c) à l'influence de la taille du milieu de travail sur l'étendue de l'obligation, les grandes entreprises ayant des obligations plus étendues et d) à la nécessité d'une collaboration des parties au processus d'accommodement.

This thesis deals with the artistic expression of handicapped children. The first part is devoted to the theoretical background of the topic. Provides basic information about children's artistic expression. It deals with the use of creative expression for educational and therapeutic purposes. Describes some of the current knowledge about artistic expression of children with disabilities. A substantial part is devoted to research in the field of artistic expression of children with disabilities. The survey has a qualitative character and features of action research. It focuses on a specific group of children of primary school age. It seeks to describe and identify any specifics in their artistic process and outcome. Findings of fact submitted by the stories of children that reflects their individual expression (not only artistic). The work also showcases the contemporary art form of special education in the chosen institution. Based on interviews with teachers and personal experience with art education for children with disabilities writer looking for a suitable pedagogical approach. He is also the curricular document analysis and tries to formulate recommendations to improve the current practice of art education for children with disabilities. .

The subject of this diploma thesis was to elaborate an architectural study of sheltered workshops in Brno-Lesná city district. Part of the project was to design spaces of the Gemini high school for the disabled, create new functional units and increase the capacity of school facilities. The design is focused in the nearest proximity to the main building and uses its current state as much as possible. An essential part of the design was to design a new object with a mixed sports-therapeutic function, which is connected to the school by a bridge. On the other side, the former heat transfer station, used as screening hall, is also connected by a bridge. On the south side, a new dining room, kitchen and a restaurant under schools administration is being built, which serves to integrate pupils into society. The design consists of three buildings with separate functions. In the current school building aims on education and accommodation, the sports center serves as a swimming pool, gym and therapeutic areas, the heat transfer station serves as a screening hall.

The subject of this diploma thesis is a project of a building for handicapped people. This building is set into the historic center of the urban conservation area in Lipník nad Bečvou. The site for the building has a rectangular plan in view and is situated on the edge of the southern row of houses on the T.G.M. square and the western row of houses of Křížkovského street. The conditions for the building of the house in a view of the conservation care: - the house has maximally two floors - the plan in view must respect the street line - the roof must be inclined - wooden windows and doors - lime plaster The mass solution is based on the concept of the ending of both present street faces, whose heights are very different. The part of the building which faces towards the square, fulfils the condition of two floors building and thus in the long distance view from the square it does not eclipse the skyline of the bell tower and St. Jacob´s church. The higher part of the house follows the currently standing house in Křížkovský street, it makes a second plan impression and it does not disturb the long distance view. The southern orientation of the taller part contributes to a good sunlit of the inner space and the taller height enables a better use of the building plot. Both masses are connected by a part with the eastern orientation which is sunk in the view of the base line and so it enables to make he space for placing the ramp and two stanby parking places. The building is partly two-floored and partly four-floored with one floor in the underground. In the grand floor there is placed six parking places, technical background and storage rooms. The vertical transport is provided by both personal and freight lifts, the inner staircase a set forth ramp and one direction ramp for cars, which is controlled by trafic lights. In the first floor there are: 2 commercially useful spaces with backgrounds, a freight ramp for materials and workshop products transport and a waste storage. In the second floor there are a workshop with backgrounds (office, storage room, daily room, cloakroom and bathroom) and a flat (103 m2). In the third floor there are two flats (79 m2) and (49 m2). In the fourth floor there is a flat (79 m2). The construction of the house is monolytic, made of steel and concrete. It is made of basal belts, footing, peripheral supporting walls, bearers and ceiling boards. The dividing walls are concrete. The concrete construction is like a view from the inner space and from the other space. It is warmed with mineral fiberglass, which is covered with a retaining hydroisolation and cement facing with a lime plaster. This everything is hung on an aluminium profiles grid. In the ground floor, the fillings of the slots are aluminium eloxed in an anthracite grey colour. In the other floors They are made of wood with a wooden facing. The roof construction is made of a wooden bond which is put on a steel and concrete construction. The roof case is ventilated and there are aluminium eloxed folded templates.

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Notre thèse s'inscrit dans une approche socio-constructiviste du fonctionnement et du développement du système cognitif. L'objectif poursuivi est double : 1°) expliquer les effets d'une situation asymétrique de tutorat dans laquelle un expert doit aider un novice dans l'accomplissement d'une tâche avec l'informatique comme outil de travail ; 2°) montrer le rôle bénéfique des sur l'acquisition de nouvelles connaissances et de nouvelles compétences cognitives chez les tutorés. L'hypothèse générale défendue dans cette thèse est que les activités de tutelle et de guidage dans la résolution d'une tâche utilisant l'outil informatique favorisent à la fois le développement des compétences dans la pratique informatique et des connaissances académiques scolaires. Trois dispositifs expérimentaux relevant d'une situation de communication référentielle ont mis en scène des dyades dissymétriques : un expert de classe ordinaire doit aider un novice dans la réalisation d'une tâche informatique sans accomplir la tâche lui-même. Les novices-tutorés sont en difficulté scolaire, suivis par le RASED, fréquentant une CLIS et/ou porteurs de handicap(s). Dans les trois expériences les résultats mettent en évidence des progrès chez les novices, validant nos hypothèses opérationnelles. On en déduit que l'activité de tutelle et de guidage ont favorisé chez les novices, via la transmission d'un savoir en savoir-faire, l'appropriation de nouvelles compétentes et ainsi la (ré)organisation de leur système cognitif. / The thesis is based on a socio-constructivist approach of the functioning and the development of the cognitive system. Two main aims are pursued: 1) to explain the effects of an asymmetric situation in which an expert must help a novice in performing a task with the computer as a work too l; 2) to show the beneficial role of cognitive-linguistic exchanges on the acquisition of new knowledge and new cognitive skills among tutees. Our main hypothesis is that the activities of supervision and guidance in solving a task using the computer as a work tool promote both the development of skills in practical computer and academic school knowledge. Three experimental devices have been organised. In each experiment, asymmetrical dyads were placed in a situational context of tutoring: an expert (pupil attending a regular classroom) should help a novice in performing a task with a computer, without solving the task himself. Tutored novices are children with learning difficulties in school, followed by RASED, attending a CLIS and/or carrying handicap(s). In all three experiments the results highlight of progress among novices, validating our assumptions. One can deduce that the activity of supervision and guidance have helped the novices, through the transmission of knowledge, the acquisition of new skills and so the (re) organisation of their cognitive system. Our explanatory hypothesis is that it is the cognitive-linguistic exchanges tutor-tutee that allowed both partners to build intersubjectivity through semiotic mediation achieved during the time of working together.