This paper presents a case study of the strategies used for vocabulary teaching and learning in a multilingual adult education English classroom with recently arrived students in Sweden. Through classroom observations, an analysis of the textbook used, an interview with the teacher, and interviews with recently arrived students, several strategies and approaches to teaching or learning English vocabulary were found. The most common strategies for teaching vocabulary were to explain the word in the target language and to put it in context, although Swedish translations were also frequently used. Among the students’ strategies found were the use of dictionaries, flash cards, wordlists, and guessing from similar words in other languages. The students reported some difficulties with Swedish translations of English words and the use of Swedish in the classroom, albeit some also appreciated the opportunity to learn more Swedish. From these findings, some potential challenges for a multilingual classroom with recently arrived students were drawn.

<p>This research paper has examined how three teachers in a Swedish state secondary school adapt their teaching to immigrant pupils aged 13 to16 who have recently arrived in the country. The study is based on observation in the classroom and interviews with the teachers. The study showed that all the teachers adapted their teaching methods in the different subjects by actively working with language development during their lessons. The methods employed included explaining words and definitions, using visual methods of teaching and setting frequent written exercises. In this way the pupils developed their language skills whilst covering the subject coursework. The result also showed that the interviewed teachers agreed that all teachers in the school with immigrant pupils required a basic knowledge of how teaching methods should be adapted to pupils studying a second language. Finally the study showed that there is a limit of time, personnel, finances and the ignorance of recently arrived pupils’ previous school records meant their chances of positively adapting their teaching methods were further restricted. .</p>

This research paper has examined how three teachers in a Swedish state secondary school adapt their teaching to immigrant pupils aged 13 to16 who have recently arrived in the country. The study is based on observation in the classroom and interviews with the teachers. The study showed that all the teachers adapted their teaching methods in the different subjects by actively working with language development during their lessons. The methods employed included explaining words and definitions, using visual methods of teaching and setting frequent written exercises. In this way the pupils developed their language skills whilst covering the subject coursework. The result also showed that the interviewed teachers agreed that all teachers in the school with immigrant pupils required a basic knowledge of how teaching methods should be adapted to pupils studying a second language. Finally the study showed that there is a limit of time, personnel, finances and the ignorance of recently arrived pupils’ previous school records meant their chances of positively adapting their teaching methods were further restricted. .

Abstract AbstractThe aim of this essay was to investigate the level of the organizational state of readiness for receiving students with learning disabilities in classes specialized in working with students recently arrived in Sweden, called förberedelseklasser, which could be translated as preparational classes. I tried to do so by answering two questions:*What routines do principals believe that the particular School has for dealing with cases in which a student in a preparational class is suspected to have some form of learning disability?*What perception do teachers have in regards to whether or not the system at their School is well prepared for discovering and aiding students in preparational classes suspected to have learning disabilities?The first question was directed to principals currently working in schools where a large part of the students are bilingual, and many of those recently arrived in Sweden. The second question was aimed at teachers that work in preparational classes.By interviewing two principals and three teachers I came to the conclusion that the teachers believe that their students are often misplaced in preparational classes when in deed they should be placed in a special educations group. My essay also shows that both principals and teachers are dissatisfied with the amount of time the process of discovering, investigating and diagnosing a student with learning disabilities takes. They also seem to believe that it’s largely due to cultural differences resulting in the parents’ unwillingness to participate in interacting with psychologists.Key words,

Cette recherche a pour objet l’étude des interactions verbales dans les classes de collège pour les élèves nouvellement arrivés en France. Les élèves qui ne possèdent pas une maîtrise suffisante du français bénéficient à leur arrivée d’heures de français tout en suivant quelques cours dans une classe ordinaire de collège. Mais l’échec scolaire des élèves migrants reste trop fréquent et les chercheurs s’accordent pour dire que l’inadaptation se joue dès le passage en classe ordinaire.Nos observations corroborent cet état de fait. Dans les enregistrements réalisés en français, mathématiques et histoire-géographie, les EANA participent normalement aux échanges en structure d’accueil mais ne prennent jamais la parole sans sollicitation de l’enseignant en classe ordinaire. Les EANA sont mal préparés à la langue de l’école. Que proposent les méthodologies du FLS et du français langue de scolarisation ? Comment former les élèves aux compétences de compréhension et de production de l’oral scolaire compte tenu du contexte particulier de la classe ?Nous avons analysé les interactions verbales d’un corpus de dix-huit séances afin d’observer comment s’organisent les échanges didactiques au collège à la fois en structure d’accueil et en classe ordinaire. Nous cherchons ainsi à déterminer quel contexte interactif peut favoriser l’apparition de cette prise de parole des débutants, afin de proposer quelques pistes didactiques pour préparer les élèves à se rendre acteurs dans la construction interactive des cours auxquels ils participent. / This research deals with the study of verbal interactions in middle school classrooms for pupils who have recently arrived in France. Pupils who do not sufficiently master the French language get French lessons upon their arrival while attending other lessons in a regular middle school classroom. Nevertheless the academic failure of migrant pupils remains too frequent and researchers agree to say that the unsuitability emerges as soon as the pupils integrate regular classes.Our observations support this established fact. On the recordings we have made during French, mathematics, history and geography lessons, the allophone pupils participate normally in the exchanges when they are in the integration structure but never intervene without being invited to by the teacher in the regular classes. The EANA are not well prepared to schooling language. What do the methodologies of the FLS (French as a secondary language) and of the French language of the schooling propose? How can the pupils be trained to oral production and comprehension skills taking into account the particular context of the classroom?We have analysed the verbal interactions of a corpus of eighteen lessons in order to study the organisation of didactic exchanges in middle-schools, both in integration structures and regular classes. We are thus trying to determine which interactive context can help the beginner to start speaking, in order to propose some didactic ideas to prepare pupils to become actors in the interactive construction of the lessons to which they participate in.

The purpose of the thesis is to study how Umeå municipality explicitly approaches what constitutes quality and problems in school activities and how it can be understood in relation to segregation andequality. Using Bacchis ``What's the problem represented to be´´-approach we seek to analyse what problems are presented, how the municipality aims to handle the problem and what the discursive effects of these representations are. The analysis is based on the Municipality's quality report 2019/20.The main problem discussed lies with school staff who partly do not understand their assignment and partly prioritize certain parts of the curriculum over others. Non-ethnic Swedish students (“recently arrived”, “multi lingual students” and “students born abroad”) are described as a monolithic and especially problematic category due to parents’ cultural views and lacking language skills. In both these representations the wider social context of e g segregation, is disregarded, and power of the municipality to deal with the described problems are minimized.

The overall aim of this licentiate thesis is to increase knowledge of the special educators’ professional role and work in relation to special educational support for recently arrived immigrant pupils. The need for the study is motivated by the immigrant pupils’ low achievement of goals and schools responsibility to adapt education to each pupil’s needs in a school for all. The first study examines special educators’ role and work in relation to special educational support for recently arrived immigrant pupils and the professional group's view of the reasons for special educational support for these pupils. The results are based on responses in a questionnaire directed to 483 special educators. The results show that the special educators state that the reasons why recently arrived immigrant pupils are in need of special educational support are that the knowledge requirements are too difficult for the pupils to achieve or that the pupils have individual shortcomings. The occupational group's tasks consist of administrative work and the development of learning environments. According to the special educators, most often class and subject teachers and mother tongue tutors provide special educational support. The special educators collaborate to the greatest extent with class and subject teachers and with the pupils, while they want more collaboration with mother tongue tutors. The results of the study are interpreted and discussed based on Abbott's theory (1988) reasoning about professional groups’ claims of jurisdiction, Persson's (1998) categorical and relational perspectives and Hughes' (1958) concept of dirty work. In the second study, free text answers (n = 451) from the questionnaire are examined, where the special educators describe how they and their schools have developed learning environments for recently arrived immigrant pupils in need of special educational support. The free text answers are analyzed using a qualitative content analysis (Hsieh &amp; Shannon, 2005). This analysis is then theorized based on Skrtics´ (1991; 2005) concepts of the school system to interpret obstacles and opportunities in the development of the learning environments. The results show that the development have mainly taken place through general adaptations (one size fits all solutions), language-adapted solutions and special solutions. The analysis based on Skrtics’ concepts shows how the machine and professional bureaucracy can act as an obstacle to the development of learning environments for recently arrived immigrant pupils in need of special educational support. The thesis helps to bring together the results from the two studies. A developed contextualization is made, and the results from the two studies are discussed in relation to previous research and theoretical points of departure. Abbott's (1988) reasoning on claims of jurisdiction and Skrtics’ conceptions of the school system (1991; 2005) are combined to get a deeper understanding of the deadlocks that may exist in the bureaucratic system.

Cette thèse a pour objet l’étude des représentations des professeurs des écoles relatives aux spécificités du français en usage à l’école afin d’orienter et d’optimiser l’outillage pédagogique nécessaire à l’accueil, en classe ordinaire, d’élèves allophones nouvellement arrivés en France. La première partie de la thèse dresse un état des lieux de l’enseignement du français aux nouveaux arrivants allophones scolarisés à l’école élémentaire sans soutien spécifique. Puis, une clarification des concepts de français langue seconde (FLS) et de français langue de scolarisation (FLSco) est effectuée. Cet éclairage vise à fournir l’appui théorique nécessaire à l’analyse des enquêtes menées auprès des professeurs des écoles, interrogés sur les spécificités du français en usage à l’école, à la fois, langue de communication particulière, matière enseignée et langue des matières enseignées. Le recueil et l’analyse de leurs réponses composent la seconde partie de cette thèse. Les résultats générés servent de point d’ancrage aux diverses propositions didactiques et pédagogiques élaborées pour faciliter la prise en charge des nouveaux arrivants allophones, mais également de tous les élèves qui connaissent des difficultés avec la maitrise du français de / à l’école. / This research aims at studying the representations of elementary school teachers about the specificities of the French language used at school, in order to guide and optimize the educational materials needed by allophone pupils recently arrived in France, included into ordinary classes. The first part of the thesis proposes an inventory of French teaching at allophone pupils immersed in an elementary school without any support. Next, some clarification of the concepts of French as a second language (FSL) and French as the language of schooling is done. It will help enlightening the analysis of the surveys of school teachers questioned about the specificities of French used at school, such as a specific communication language, a language as subject and a language of the other subjects. The collection and the analysis of the answers compose the second part of this thesis. The results obtained serve as a support to make didactic and pedagogical proposals to facilitate school inclusion of newly arrived allophone children, and also, of all pupils who have difficulties with French of / at school.