Le commentaire d’enregistrement à l’écrit mobilise de nombreuses compétences liées à la perception et à la rédaction. Ce travail, conçu avec la volonté d’un rapprochement interdisciplinaire, tente de montrer l’influence de la révision autonome de l’écrit ainsi que celle des œuvres écoutées sur des textes d’élèves de troisième. Les bases théoriques sont celles de la psychologie de l’audition et de la linguistique. L’effet dominant de la maîtrise de la langue s’estompe à la faveur d’une description systématique et globale du vocabulaire recueilli. Cette thèse rassemble des outils d’analyse de contenu originaux élaborés en fonction du corpus. Les apports sont donc essentiellement d’ordre méthodologique. Les indicateurs retenus permettent d’évaluer les écarts de densité informative selon l’œuvre écoutée et selon le rang d’écriture du commentaire. La synthèse des résultats montre les possibilités de détermination d’une typologie des écrits et révèle certains aspects stylistiques et formels des œuvres supports par l’observation raisonnée des zones d’intensification lexicale. / Writing a commentary after a listening exercise mobilizes several skills linked to perception and drafting. This thesis, aiming at an interdisciplinary approach, attempts to describe the influence of autonomous revision and of the piece of music heard on commentaries written by pupils in the fourth form. Its theoretical foundations are found in audition psychology and linguistics. The primary role attributed to language skills gives way to a systematic and holistic description of the compiled vocabulary. For this thesis, original content analysis tools have been designed, based on the corpus. Its contribution is thus essentially methodological. The selected indicators enable us to assess the disparities in informative density according to the piece heard and the drafting register of the commentary. Based on a synthesis of the results obtained, it is thus possible to establish a typology of written commentaries and bring to light some stylistic and formal aspects of the selected pieces of music through a reasoned analysis of lexical intensification areas.

L’objectif premier de cette recherche était de mettre en évidence, à partir des concepts de genèse et processus d’écriture, les poétiques, les réflexions créatives et les tendances esthétiques sous-jacentes aux travaux de Gabriel Aresti, Joseba Sarrionandia, Ramon Saizarbitoria et Bernardo Atxaga. La critique génétique prétend étudier les processus d’écriture-lecture et de réécriture-relecture, le processus d’écriture se trouvant au centre de ce courant de recherche : « l’objet étudié ne sera pas le texte produit, mais la production du texte » (Grésillon, 1985). Le texte étant le résultat de différents choix au cours de son développement, −« le texte, en principe, est un choix de texte » (Bellemin-Nöel, 1997)-, nous avons étudié les différentes phases de création du texte et les modifications provenant des variantes de la construction textuelle. En somme, par la relecture et la réinterprétation du parcours littéraire d’Aresti, Saizarbitoria, Atxaga et Sarrionandia, nous avons tenté, à travers le recueil des différents témoignages écrits, de présenter leur évolution, avec curiosité et minutie. Nous avons analysé la rédaction de nouvelles, de pièces de théâtre et de romans chez Aresti, pour suivre l’évolution de ses textes. De même, l’observation de nouvelles et poèmes de Sarrionandia nous a permis de mettre en évidence sa tendance à réécrire de façon récurrente ses nouvelles et ses poèmes pour des rééditions ou des éditions actualisées et de détailler l’évolution textuelle de ses nouvelles et poèmes. Au troisième chapitre, nous avons établi les dossiers génétiques des auteurs objets de l’étude. D’une part, nous avons analysé l’évolution et le développement de la narration de Ramon Saizarbitoria, par l’étude d’Egunero hasten delako. Une édition génétique plus complète de l’œuvre publiée pour la première fois en 1969 et réécrite et rééditée en 2007a révélé le processus de création sous-jacent à cette réécriture, par une étude approfondie des avant-textes, constitués de manuscrits, de tapuscrits et de témoignages des différentes périodes d’écriture. Puis, au quatrième chapitre, nous avons analysé avec précision l’importance des relectures et réécritures dans l’œuvre de Bernardo Atxaga, à partir de réécritures dans certains de ses travaux publiés. Puis, nous avons étudié les autres avant-textes que nous avons pu nous procurer. Cela nous a permis de démontrer que les réécritures et les reformulations ont toujours revêtu une importance capitale dans le processus créatif de l’auteur, dès ses débuts. / The chief concern of this study is to highlight the poetics, reflections on the creative process and aesthetics under Gabriel Aresti's, Joseba Sarrionandia's, Ramon Saizarbitoria's and Bernardo Atxaga's writings in the light of concepts such as genesis and writing process. Genetic criticism takes the writing-reading and the rewriting-rereading process as its object of analysis. This field doesn't focus on the final text, but rather on the writing process, “the object of anaysis is not the produced text but the production of the text” (Grésillon 1985). With this approach, genetic critics want to study the creative process by which the work came to be, analysing and interpreting all of its writing stages. In order to carry out this reasearch, I have studied some selected author's published texts and avant-textes. The avant-text, “would be the reconstruction of the testimonies prior to the final text, analysed by a critical method” (Bellemin-Nöel 1977). This is the selected Basque author's corpus which has been studied: In Aresti's case, I have supplied documentary evidence of the evolution of his novel Mundu munduan, published in 1925 and based on the play Oilarganeko etxola batean. As I have found some significant rewriting traces in it, I also have referred to the author's other plays, short stories and letters. I have paid close attention to the constant re-reading and re-writing practice in Joseba Sarrionandia's short stories and poems. The writer changes and reconstructs his texts in new printed editions. I have also analysed the evolution of Saizarbitoria's narrative work, focusing on the writing stages of his novel Egunero hasten delako. Although it was first published in 1969, I presented not only his rewritten and republished version in 2007 but also drafts, sketches and manuscripts which lead to this work. As far as Atxaga is concerned, rewriting has been important in his work. I have compared his writings as well as analysed his avant-textes. Finally, I have drawn some conclusions and enclosed the avant-textes used for the analysis of the works.

Dans cette thèse, nous nous intéressons au problème de la confidentialité des données. Nous proposons une nouvelle approche pour faciliter l'administration des règles de contrôle d'accès pour assurer la confidentialité des données au niveau des vues matérialisées. Dans les bases de données relationnelles, une vue est une table virtuelle représentant le résultat d'une requête. À la différence d'une vue simple, une vue matérialisée stocke le résultat de la requête dans une table. Cette dernière peut être alors interrogée comme une table quelconque. Il est donc important d'y contrôler l'accès. Parmi les différents modèles proposés pour contrôler l'accès aux relations de base, nous nous basons dans notre approche sur l'utilisation des vues d'autorisations pour exprimer des règles de contrôle d'accès à grains fins. Nous proposons d'inférer, à partir des vues d'autorisations attachées aux tables de base, les vues d'autorisations qui doivent être attachées aux vues matérialisées. Répondre à ce problème revient à répondre à un problème fondamental dans les bases de données relationnelles : Comment caractériser les informations calculables à partir de deux ensembles de vues ? Nous répondons à cette question en nous appuyant sur la réécriture de requêtes. Nous adaptons l'algorithme de réécriture de requêtes M iniCon aux spécificités de notre problème et nous proposons l'algorithme 1-l M iniCon+ qui se base sur un enchainement de réécritures. Nous nous intéressons aux vues représentées par des requêtes conjonctives en autorisant les égalités. Nous nous sommes intéressés par la suite aux propriétés de cet algorithme. Nous démontrons que cet algorithme permet de calculer un ensemble de vues correctes, c.-à-d. toute information calculable à partir de l'ensemble de vues générées est cal­ culable à partir de chacun des deux ensembles de vues de départ / In this thesis, we address the problem of data confidentiality. We propose a new approach to facilitate the administration of access control policies to ensure confidentiality of data in materialized views. In relational databases, a view is a virtual table representing the result of a query. Unlike a simple view, a materialized view persistently stores the data in a table. The latter can be queried like any other database table. We then need to control the access to the materialized view. Among the various models proposed for controlling access to base relations, we choose to express fine-grained access control through authorization views. We propose to infer, from the basic authorization views attached to the base tables, authorization views that will be attached to the materialized views. Tackling this problem amounts to address a fundamental problem in relational databases : How to characterize computable information from two sets of views ? We handle this problem by resorting to query rewriting. We adapt the query rewriting algorithm MiniCon to the context of materialized views with access control and propose the H MiniCon+ algorithm which is based on successive rewritings. We mainly consider conjunctive queries with equalities. We study the properties of our approach. We show that our algorithm can calculate a correct set of views, i.e. any computable information from the generated views is calculable from the two sets of views. In order to prove the termination of our algorithm, we define rewriting trees generated by the application of 1-l MiniCon+ and we study their features. We characterize in which case a tree is finite and show that the approach is maximal, i.e., any derivable information from the two sets of views can be derived from the set of generated views. We characterize in which case the algorithm could not terminate i.e., infinite application of the query rewriting algorithm. In this case, it is impossible to determine the maximality of results and this remains an open problem. We implemented a prototype of the approach and we led some experiments by using synthetic data sets

Cette thèse porte sur la mise en place d'un système de requêtage sur des flux sous contraintes de capacités. Ce système est porté par ses utilisateurs-trices et basé sur les similitudes entre requêtes. Les relations d'équivalences entre les différentes requêtes permettent de réunir les participants au sein de communautés d'intérêt. Celles-ci forment alors une abstraction permettant de séparer le problème d'organisation du système en plusieurs sous-problèmes plus simples et de taille réduite. Afin de garantir une généricité vis-à-vis du langage, l'organisation repose sur une API simple et modulable. Nous avons ainsi recours au mécanisme de réécritures de requêtes utilisant des vues matérialisées, connu en bases de données, pour déterminer les relations possibles entre les communautés. Le choix entre ces différentes possibilités est ensuite effectué à l'aide d'un modèle de coût paramétrable. Les relations entre communautés sont concrétisées par un échange de ressources entre elles, un participant de l'une venant contribuer à l'autre. Cela permet de s'affranchir des limitations de capacités au niveau abstrait, tout en en tenant hautement compte pour la mise en relation effective des participants. Au sein des communautés, un arbre de diffusion permet à l'ensemble des participants de récupérer les résultats requis. L'approche, mise en œuvre de manière incrémentale, permet une réduction efficace des coûts de calcul et de diffusion (l'optimalité est atteinte, notamment, dans le cas de l'inclusion de requête) pour un coût d'organisation limité et une latence raisonnable. Les expérimentations réalisées ont montré une grande adaptabilité aux variations concernant les requêtes exprimées et les capacités des participants. Le démonstrateur mis en place peut être utilisé à la fois pour des simulations (automatiques ou interactives) et pour un déploiement réel, par une implémentation commune générique vis-à-vis du langage. / This thesis addresses the problem of the organization of querying system on data streams under capacity constraints, such system being user-powered and based on the queries' similarity. Equivalence relations between queries allow to group the participants into communities. Those communities are then used as an abstraction to split the general organization problem into several easier and smaller subproblems. In order to stay language-independent, the organization is based on a simple and modular API, that rely on a query answering using views mechanism, well known in databases. Choice between the different rewritten queries is done using an adjustable cost model. Relations between communities are thus materialized by a spreading mechanism, a participant from one community joining the other(s) to contribute. This allows to avoid the capacities problem on the organization's abstract level, while efficiently taking care of it on the concrete one. Inside the communities, all the participants receive the common results they need using a spanning tree. The QTor approach, incrementally built, allows an efficient reduce of the processing and diffusion costs (processing cost being optimal in some cases, e.g. containment) with a reasonable latency, for a limited organization cost. Experiments have shown that the organization is flexible, regarding both the expressed queries and the participants' capacities. A demonstrator was built, allowing to both perform (automatic or interactive) simulations, and deploy the system over a real network, with a single.

A pontuação é parte integrante da língua escrita e sua aprendizagem significa uma importante construção cognitiva que favorece as práticas do ler, escrever e interpretar. Fazer uso de marcas pontuacionais em um texto pressupõe uma certa consciência linguística na composição discursiva e na organização textual. Tendo como pressupostos que a aprendizagem da leitura e da escrita é um direito de todo cidadão brasileiro e que essa habilidade deve ser desenvolvida em âmbitos escolares (incluindo a assimilação de recursos linguísticos como a pontuação), a presente pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar de que forma a pontuação aparece nas produções infantis de um grupo de alunos de Ensino Fundamental e como ocorre a progressão desse uso em um período-chave para o caso estudado, qual seja: do 2º semestre do 3º ano ao 1º semestre do 5º ano. Para isso, por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa longitudinal, foi realizado o estudo de caso que envolveu o acompanhamento de um grupo de 12 alunos de uma escola estadual, localizada na Região Leste da cidade de São Paulo. Nas quatro etapas da coleta (realizadas com intervalos de seis meses), foram propostas duas atividades para posterior análise: reescrita e correção textual. Ancorada nas concepções interacionistas e construtivistas de língua, ensino e aprendizagem, a análise dos dados permitiu verificar que o grupo de alunos estudado incorporou gradualmente as marcas de pontuação, evidenciando modos de apropriação relacionados à frequência e à convencionalidade das construções linguísticas mais usuais, havendo, no entanto, espaço para experimentações pessoais e hipóteses endógenas de formas mais ou menos sistematizadas. Esse dado corrobora a ideia de que, no esforço cognitivo para compreender a escrita, as crianças são capazes de levantar hipóteses sobre o uso da pontuação; é por meio desses usos singulares que vão, gradativamente, compreendendo a função de cada marca pontuacional e fazendo as sistematizações necessárias. Foi possível constatar, também, que, durante a sucessão dos anos escolares, a progressão do uso da pontuação manteve um certo paralelismo nos diferentes tipos de atividade, o que comprova a ideia de que a compreensão sobre o papel das marcas pontuacionais pode ser transposta para diferentes práticas de escrita. Em que pese o interesse pedagógico dessa aprendizagem, consubstanciada cada vez mais pelo uso sistemático e convencional da pontuação, questiona-se o quanto ela pode se contrapor à postura de um escritor que, conformando-se com as regras, deixa de se arriscar na produção textual. / The punctuation is an integral part of the written language and its learning means an important cognitive construction which favors the practices of reading, writing and interpreting. Making use of the punctuation marks in a text assumes a certain linguistic awareness in both the discursive composition and textual organization. Starting from the assumptions that learning reading and writing is a right of every Brazilian citizen and that these skills must be developed in the school spheres (including the assimilation of linguistic resources as the punctuation), the present research aimed to analyze how the punctuation appears in the children\'s productions of a group of elementary school students and how the progression of such use happens in a \"key-period\" for the case studied: from the 2nd semester of the 3rd grade/year to the 1st semester of the 5th grade. To do so, by means of a qualitative longitudinal research, it was conducted a case study which involved the monitoring of a 12student group from a state school, located in the East side of the São Paulo. n the four stages of collection (held every six months), two activities were proposed for further analysis: rewriting and textual correction. Anchored in the constructivist and interactionist concepts of the language, teaching and learning, data analysis has allowed us to see that the group of students which was studied, gradually incorporated the punctuation marks, revealing modes of incorporation related to frequency and the conventionality of the most usual language constructions, there is however, space for personal trials and endogenous hypothesis in more or less systematized ways. This information supports the idea that, in the cognitive effort to understand the writing, the children are able to raise hypothesis about the use of the punctuation; it is through these singular uses that they will gradually understand the function of each punctuation mark and do the necessary systematizations. It was also possible to conclude, that during the succession of the school years, the progression of the punctuation use kept a certain parallelism in the different activity types, which proves that the understanding about the role of punctuation marks can be transposed to different writing practices. Despite the pedagogical interest of this learning, increasingly substantiated by the regular and conventional use of punctuation, we wonder how it can contrast with the posture of an writer who, conform edwith the rules, stop taking chances on textual production.

Este trabalho descreve o formalismo das gramáticas livres de contexto adaptativas com verificação de aparência. Esses dispositivos gramaticais possuem como núcleo uma gramática livre de contexto subjacente e, como mecanismo de auto-modificação, uma ou várias funções adaptativas que determinam quais produções são aplicáveis em cada passo de uma derivação. A verificação de aparência se refere a uma forma especial de aplicar algumas produções, escolhidas pelo projetista da gramática, sem alterar a forma sentencial nessa aplicação. É provado que esse formalismo tem poder de máquina de Turing demonstrando, em forma construtiva, sua equivalência com quatro formalismos gramaticais baseados em gramáticas livres de contexto com mecanismos de controle, que tem esse poder. São desenvolvidos dois analisadorers para linguagens dependentes de contexto a partir de um desses outros quatro formalismos. Um deles, que é baseado em autômatos-pilha, opera em forma ascendente; o outro, baseado em autômatos finitos adaptativos, opera em forma descendente. / This work introduces and describes the formalism of the context-free adaptive grammar with appearance checking. Such gramatical devices have as its kernel a subjacent context-free grammar and, as mechanism of self-modification, one or several adaptive functions which determines the productions able to be applied at each step of a derivation. The appearance checking refers to a special way to apply some productions, choosen by the designer of the grammar, without changing the sentential form in this application. It is proved that this formalism has Turing Machine power, proving, by construction, its equivalence with four grammatical formalisms based on context-free grammars and with control mechanisms, with such power. Two parsers have been developed for context-dependent languages from one of these four formalisms. One of them is based on stack-automata, and operates in a bottom-up fashion.

Esta tese pretende analisar e problematizar a poesia de Joaquim Manuel Magalhães (JMM), comparando-a pontualmente com sua produção crítica e tradutória para discutir a temática surgida pelo verso voltar ao real, a esse desencanto. Tal proposta foi publicada pelo poeta em 1981, primeiro como ensaio, depois reformulado como poema, tornando-se preceptiva para a produção do poeta-crítico, bem como basilar para as mais variadas interpretações de seus poemas. A análise de sua obra passa, inicialmente, pelo poema Princípio, súmula poética de Magalhães. Em seguida, analisam-se os poemas publicados antes de 1981 que possam ter preparado a declaração de voltar ao real, para, ato contínuo, analisarem-se os poemas imediatamente posteriores ao ano de 1981, investigando-se traços que apontem para diálogos ou afastamentos, período mais maduro e reconhecido da obra de Magalhães. Por último, trata-se dos desdobramentos mais atuais, notadamente a substituição da obra proposta em 2010, quando há uma ampla mudança de perspectiva, acenando para novos contornos de sua escrita poética, diversos do itinerário poético construído de 1974 até 2010. O interesse dessa tese, portanto, é entender essa movimentação da obra, por meio das irradiações que a ideia de voltar ao real embasa. / This thesis aims to analyze and problematize the poetry of Joaquim Manuel Magalhães (JMM), comparing it punctually with his critical and translational production in order to discuss the topic of the verse \"to return to the real, to this disenchantment\". The poet published this proposal in 1981, first as an essay, later reformulated as a poem, becoming mandatory for the production of the poet-critic, as well as fundamental for the most varied interpretations of his poems. The analysis of his work passes, initially, by the poem \"Principle\", poetic synthesis of Magalhães. Then, we analyze the poems published before 1981 that may have prepared the declaration of \"to return to the real\", in order to analyze the poems immediately after the year 1981, investigating traits that point to dialogues or departures, the more mature and recognized period of Magalhãess work. Lastly, we discuss his most current developments, notably the replacement of the work proposed in 2010, when there is a wide change of perspective, waving to new contours of his poetic writing, different from the poetic itinerary constructed from 1974 to 2010. The interest of this thesis, therefore, is to understand this movement of the work, resorting to the irradiations that the idea of to return of the real bases.

Jules Laforgue (1860-1887) envisage les nouvelles des "Moralités légendaires" comme de « vieux canevas brodés d’âmes à la mode ». Il inscrit ainsi son œuvre au cœur même de la Bibliothèque. Toutefois, contrairement à ce que sa formule pourrait laisser penser, il ne se contente pas d’y écrire des variantes parodiques de "Hamlet", de l’"Histoire de sainte Élisabeth de Hongrie", de "Lohengrin", d’« Hérodias » et des "Métamorphoses" : non seulement il puise la matière de ses récits dans plusieurs dizaines de textes – et pas uniquement dans ces hypotextes –, mais ceux-ci, pour la plupart, ne font pas l’objet d’une mise à distance critique à visée comique. L’impression première qui se dégage du volume, celle d’un ouvrage léger dans lequel les héros sont ridiculisés, les références mêlées et les traditions soumises à un relativisme généralisé, n’est qu’une façade destinée à duper un certain type de lecteur et à dissimuler le sens profond du texte. Ce dernier ne se révèle qu’à l’issue d’une lecture intertextuelle érudite qui, en acquérant une connaissance précise des livres lus par Jules Laforgue, met au jour un principe de réécriture reposant sur la reconnaissance préalable d’analogies entre les différentes œuvres. L’auteur pratique une lecture imaginative – au sens où l’imagination est, pour Charles Baudelaire, l’art de saisir les rapports – et retient des textes-sources les éléments qui résonnent en lui. Leur mise en présence dans les "Moralités" s’avère alors cohérente et le volume apparaît comme une véritable broderie intertextuelle ; chaque fil – chaque œuvre – conserve sa singularité mais tous participent à l’élaboration d’un motif unique : l’expression, par le truchement de la fiction et de la voix des autres, du questionnement existentiel de Jules Laforgue. / Jules Laforgue (1860-1887) said that the novellas of "Moralités légendaires" were « old canvasses embroidered with fashionable souls », thus placing his work at the heart of the Library. But, contrary to what we may think when reading his definition, he does not merely write parodies of "Hamlet", of the "Histoire de sainte Élisabeth de Hongrie", "Lohengrin", « Hérodias » and the "Metamorphoses" : the tales’ material comes not exclusively from these hypotexts, but from dozens of other texts, which are seldom rewritten from a critical and comical point of view. The reader’s first impression of a light work where heroes are ridiculed, references blended and traditions relativized is that of a mere charade intended to dupe a certain kind of reader and to prevent him from understanding the text thoroughly. However, the true meaning of such works only reveals itself through an intertextual reading, which requires precise knowledge of the books that Jules Laforgue read. Only then does one realise that he is rewriting texts amongst which he has seen various links. His own reading is an imaginative one – insofar as, according to Charles Baudelaire, imagination is the art of detecting connections that are not obvious – and he borrows from the intertexts the elements that call forth echoes in his mind. He then assembles them in the "Moralités" in a coherent way. Thus, the book can be seen as a true intertextual embroidery ; each thread – each work – retains its idiosyncrasy but they all contribute to a single design : the expression, through the art of fiction and the voices of others, of Jules Laforgue’s existential questioning.

La plupart des processus informatiques mettent en jeu la notion de transformation, en particulier la compilation. Nous nous intéressons dans cette thèse à fournir des outils et des méthodes, utilisant la réécriture, permettant d'accroître la confiance que l'on peut placer dans ces processus. Nous développons dans un premier temps un cadre permettant de valider la compilation de constructions de filtrage, produisant une preuve formelle de la validité de la compilation, ainsi qu'un témoin de cette preuve, à chaque exécution du compilateur. Afin de permettre l'écriture sûre de transformations complexes, nous proposons un générateur de structures de données efficaces intégrant des invariants algébriques, et un langage de stratégies permettant de contrôler l'application des transformations. Ces résultats constituent donc une avancée vers la constitution de methodes génériques sûres pour le développement de transformations de confiance. / Most computer processes involve the notion of transformation, in particular the compilation processes. We interest in this thesis in providing tools and methods, based on rewriting, giving the opportunity to increase the confidence we can place into those processes. We develop first a framework used to validate the compilation of matching constructs, building a formal proof of the validity of the compilation process along with a witness of this proof, for each run of the compiler. Then, in order to allow one to write safely complex transformations, we propose a tool that generates an efficient data structure integrating algebraic invariants, as well as a strategy language that enables to control the application of transformations. Those results can be seen as a first step towards the constitution of generic and safe methods for the development of trustworthy transformations.

Esta tese pretende analisar e problematizar a poesia de Joaquim Manuel Magalhães (JMM), comparando-a pontualmente com sua produção crítica e tradutória para discutir a temática surgida pelo verso voltar ao real, a esse desencanto. Tal proposta foi publicada pelo poeta em 1981, primeiro como ensaio, depois reformulado como poema, tornando-se preceptiva para a produção do poeta-crítico, bem como basilar para as mais variadas interpretações de seus poemas. A análise de sua obra passa, inicialmente, pelo poema Princípio, súmula poética de Magalhães. Em seguida, analisam-se os poemas publicados antes de 1981 que possam ter preparado a declaração de voltar ao real, para, ato contínuo, analisarem-se os poemas imediatamente posteriores ao ano de 1981, investigando-se traços que apontem para diálogos ou afastamentos, período mais maduro e reconhecido da obra de Magalhães. Por último, trata-se dos desdobramentos mais atuais, notadamente a substituição da obra proposta em 2010, quando há uma ampla mudança de perspectiva, acenando para novos contornos de sua escrita poética, diversos do itinerário poético construído de 1974 até 2010. O interesse dessa tese, portanto, é entender essa movimentação da obra, por meio das irradiações que a ideia de voltar ao real embasa. / This thesis aims to analyze and problematize the poetry of Joaquim Manuel Magalhães (JMM), comparing it punctually with his critical and translational production in order to discuss the topic of the verse \"to return to the real, to this disenchantment\". The poet published this proposal in 1981, first as an essay, later reformulated as a poem, becoming mandatory for the production of the poet-critic, as well as fundamental for the most varied interpretations of his poems. The analysis of his work passes, initially, by the poem \"Principle\", poetic synthesis of Magalhães. Then, we analyze the poems published before 1981 that may have prepared the declaration of \"to return to the real\", in order to analyze the poems immediately after the year 1981, investigating traits that point to dialogues or departures, the more mature and recognized period of Magalhãess work. Lastly, we discuss his most current developments, notably the replacement of the work proposed in 2010, when there is a wide change of perspective, waving to new contours of his poetic writing, different from the poetic itinerary constructed from 1974 to 2010. The interest of this thesis, therefore, is to understand this movement of the work, resorting to the irradiations that the idea of to return of the real bases.