在傳統銀行放款的觀念中認為，借款人主導了還款的來源，關於貸款風險的研究大多集中在借款人行為因素的探討，但是房屋貸款的風險，除了借款人本身的特質外，應該還需要不同角度的探討，尤其是在擔保品方面。銀行在辦理放款時，對擔保品價值的評估僅以當時的市場價值作直接的判斷，並依判斷結果來決定貸款的成數，這樣的決策並未考慮擔保品本身所處的區域條件及其未來的發展性，因而產生了風險判斷的偏誤。 本研究將透過不動產的供需價量的關係，嘗試找出影響房屋貸款擔保品風險的因子，並對房屋貸款的風險因子給予適當的權重及評分，再運用劃分等級的模型，將研究區域依房屋貸款風險的大小劃分風險等級。最後利用不同的角度或方法檢驗各種模型對區域風險分類之異同及功能，以建立模型提供銀行於承做房屋貸款或制定放款政策時，作為決定貸款成數(LTV)的參考依據，避免銀行貸款日後遭受擔保品價格下跌所產生的風險。 本研究以分析層級程序法(AHP)及分析網路程序法(ANP)設計不同的問卷，在取得各風險因子的權重後，對各項風險因子時間序列的數據進行分析，最終取得台北縣市各區域的風險等級。實證結果AHP及ANP皆通過一致性分析，AHP與未權重化ANP間不具顯著差異；權重化ANP與極限化ANP間不具顯著差異。AHP權重與ANP未權重化矩陣兩種模型在區域房屋貸款風險等級的區分標準上較為寬鬆。ANP權重化矩陣及ANP極限化矩陣對區域房屋貸款風險等級的劃分較為嚴格。這兩類不同等級劃分標準的模型提供金融業者在制定房屋貸款政策時可以有多樣的選擇。 / People with traditional concept of bank lending believe that borrowers dominate the sources of repayment. Researches regarding to the credit risk of loan mainly focus on the behaviors of borrowers. Nevertheless, the risk of mortgage loan should be deliberated with different points of view, especially the collateral, besides considering the characteristics of borrowers. During the process of loan, banks evaluate the collateral with directly determine according to the prevailing market value and decide the proportion of loan. The decision is not considered with the regional factors and the future development of the collateral. A bias of risk determination therefore exists during the process. The research tries to find the factors that influence the collateral risk of mortgage loan through supply, demand, price and quantity of real estate. Also, it allocates the weight and evaluation of every risk factor of mortgage loan. The research then distinguishes the investigated areas into different risk levels according to the mortgage loan risk by applying appropriate model. The research stands at various points of view and utilizes different methods to determine whether the classification of area risk is appropriate or not and offering a banks model to be the reference basis of determining the loan to value(LTV) when executing mortgage loan or drawing up loan policy. Banks can avoid the risk of collateral depreciation in the future. The research designed various questionnaires with Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Analytic Network Process (ANP). After obtained the weights of different risk factors, an analysis was processed on time sequence data of every risk factor and results the risk level of every subarea of Taipei. The empirical results in consistency analysis by AHP and ANP are passed. The difference between AHP and un-weighted ANP is not significant. The difference between weighted ANP and limited ANP is also not significant. Both weighted AHP and un-weighted ANP matrix models are lenient on the classify criteria of area mortgage risk levels. In opposition, weighted ANP matrix models and ANP limited matrix are strict on the same criteria. The two models with different criteria offer financial corporations different choices when drawing up policies of mortgage loan

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政府入口網站含蓋了眾多提供公共服務的網站，讓民眾或企業進行相關業務的辦理、資訊的查詢以及進行交易等行為。全國或是全球需要使用到政府服務，例如政府採購等之使用者皆是政府入口網站之服務對象。因此政府網站在資料流量含量方面較之於一般商業網站更為可觀，亦包含了電子商務性質。在此狀況下，政府角色亦已逐漸從管制調適為服務。就政府體策略或執行計畫而言，實施知識管理除可使行政單位的工作效率提昇，行政流程時間縮短，更可避免重覆錯誤及誤判訊息之可能。 　　本研究主要以行政院公共工程委員會目前所推行之『政府採購電子化』計畫為研究對象，冀於對未來五年能達到政府採購作業全面電子化提出建議。本研究之目標係分析研擬「政府電子採購入口網站」之關鍵成功因素，從而由「政府採購電子化」計畫現行系統歸納出具綜效之整合型「政府電子採購入口網站」功能架構，其工作內容如下： 　　1. 歸納、分析現行各系統及政府採購法推動之問題。 　　2. 瞭解國內政府入口網站之推動情形，分析企業資訊入口網站解決方案現況。 　　3. 利用分析層級程序法（Analytic Hierarchy Process，簡稱ＡＨＰ）歸納出三分類專家，包括工程會內部專家、公部門專家、產業界及學界專家所認為的「政府電子採購入口網站」之關鍵成功因素，同時也分析資訊職務與非資訊職務專家觀點之相異點。 　　4. 根據歸納出來之關鍵成功因素與內部需求，提出具建設性之「政府電子採購入口網站」功能架構雛形，建議工程會推動「政府採購入口網站」提供之功能依據。 　　本研究AHP法研究結果如下： 　　1. 本研究中之各類專家一般認為內在因素比外在環境因素之權重大。 　　2. 第三層關鍵成功因素包括知識管理機制之健全化、政策及法制配合度、使用者服務機制、資訊系統與營運。整體而言，工程會內部專家與產業界及學界專家兩類專家較重視政策及法制配合度構面因素，而公部門專家比較重視資訊系統與營運構面因素。資訊職務專家較重視政策及法制配合度構面因素，非資訊職務專家比較重視資訊系統與營運構面因素。 　　3. 整體最底層關鍵成功因素排名前七項分別為高階長官的參與和支持並訂定明確的目標、即時配合實際狀況，修正、鬆綁法規、充裕的資源配合、提昇法令約束力之效力、提供快速回應問題之機制、介面具親和力、操作流程循序簡單、提供高度的可靠性與穩定性。 　　本研究最後逐一對專家深入訪談、工程會需求訪談、企業資訊入口網站解決方案及關鍵成功因素AHP之分析等結果提出結論與建議。 / An e-Government Portal should integrates numerous websites that offer public service, and provides individuals or enterprises with a platform for trafficking, searching information, and conducting transactions. Thus, all the users, that need to access government service and government procurement information, are potential customers of the e-Government Portal website. Hence, the e-Government Portal website, with e-Commerce quality, has more enormous data flow and database contents in comparison with simple e-Commerce sites. Last but not least, the role of e-Government Portal website is turned gradually into a service provider from its simple transition role of inspection. 　　From government's strategic aspect, actions regarding knowledge management can not only improve the efficiency and streamline the administrative procedures, but also avoid the crisis of repeating failures and misleadings of messages. 　　The object of this research is the Electronic Procurement Plan, which was established and promoted by the Public Construction Commission (PCC) of The Executive Yuan, R.O.C. The goal of the Electronic Procurement Plan is to accomplish the electronic commerce of the government procurement entirely in five years. This study aims to find out the critical success factors (CSF) for the Government Electronic Procurement Portal Website, and to carry out a functional architecture for the synergic Government Electronic Procurement Portal Website via the following working packages : 　　1. to analyze and formulate the problems of promoting the electronic government procurement system and the government procurement law. 　　2. to discuss the ongoing domestic promotion programs of the e-Government Portal websites and analyze the status quo cases of the Enterprise Information Portal (EIP) solution. 　　3. to analyze and compare the critical success factors of the Government Electronic Procurement Portal Website of various expert viewpoints through Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. The experts come from the PCC internal public servants, public servants from other government agencies as well as industrialists and scholars. On the other hand, the different viewpoints between the IT background experts and non-IT background experts are also compared. 　　4. to summarize constitutive functional architecture for the Government Electronic Procurement Portal Website according to the resulted CSF and the PCC internal requirements. 　　The results of AHP analysis can be stated as following: 　　1. The internal factors outweigh external factors. 　　2. The third-level of factors of AHP architecture includes the solidity of knowledge management, the compatibility of policies and laws, the user service mechanism and the information systems and operations. Generally, the PCC internal public servants, industrialists and scholars pay more attention to the compatibility of policies and laws than the other public servants that put a lot of emphasis on the information systems and operations. The IT background experts value the compatibility of policies and laws, whereas the non-IT background experts emphasize the information systems and operations. 　　3. The top seven priority factors of the rock-bottom level factors include the involvements and endorsements of the top executives and establish the clear goals, the instantaneous emendation and relaxation of the laws, the compatibility of abundant resource, the effectiveness of promoting the law's constraint force, friendly interface and easily sequential operation flow and high reliability and stability. 　　At last, this research leads to the conclusions and suggestions in regard to in-depth experts interviews，PCC internal requirement investigations, EIP solutions and the AHP CSF analysis.