航太工業向來屬於資本密集、技術密集與勞力密集的產業，尤其在軍用機與商用客機兩者間基本差異相去有限之前提下，基於軍事機密保護的顧慮，航太製造業也就往往成為歐美各國積極保護且亟欲保留於本土發展的產業。 然而美國911事件與SARS等一連串事件的爆發，致使航空業業績大幅滑落，各航空業者為了維持營運，只能要求飛機製造商降價，以降低採購成本。但因為這段期間，歐洲原有的零件製造技術工人皆已年屆退休，在年輕一輩又紛紛投入尖端資訊產業的風潮下，沒有人願意進入類似所謂「黑手」的航太製造業，再加之各項原物料價格飛漲，在在使歐美各國的航太製造業面臨了無以為繼的斷層危機與虧損風險。積極的尋求外援，也就成為當下不得不之選擇，連帶也使歐美航太產業的保護政策出現了方向上的改變。而台灣過去IDF的成功製造經驗，自然也就成為歐美航太製造業從事外包，以彌補斷層與降低成本上之首選。研究個案所提及之寶一科技股份有限公司，即是在如此的時空背景下，開啟了一系列「知識創新管理」之課題。 以個案公司不具財團背景與國家資源挹注之有限資源下，欲跨足此一技術密集、資金密集之產業，無疑有其先天不足之嚴重限制，本論文透過個案公司之研究，詳細剖析其如何以低廉的設備及有限的資源，加入創意的設計與科學的方法，透過知識上創新管理的功能，製造出符合客戶品質要求之高附加價值產品，並進一步使公司由虧轉營之過程，藉以發揮「小兵立大功」的管理綜效。期待經由本研究能為知識創新管理的成功模式，提出可供辨識之特性與變項。 有關本研究之結論，詳列如下： (一) 技術知識特質雖然會影響組織創新活動的發展，產業結構與產品特質也扮演相當重要的角色。 (二) 資源有限也是促進公司進行知識創新的原因之一 (三) 員工同質性高的公司，在進行重大創新活動時，多會尋求外部知識的援助。

近年來隨著國內資訊產業及網際網路的蓬勃發展，資訊產品市場競爭白熱化。本研究的主要目的是想探討，在瞬息萬變動態競爭的環境中，為滿足客戶需求，新進加值產品市場的資訊配銷商如何為代理權的爭奪絞盡腦汁，一方面掌握察覺資訊，發動攻擊行動，另一方面在戰火中的鍛鍊中自我轉型，而領導廠商又採取何種防禦策略來防禦競爭對手的攻擊，強化競爭力，希望提供學術界對於資訊產品配銷產業在動態競爭下，對此二配銷商間的競爭對抗與組織能耐，以及其具體表現於回應與行動作驗證與參考。 本研究採取比較性個案研究方法，以資訊產業兩大配銷商為研究對象，並透過直接與次級資料收集，依時間順序來整理分析個案資料，針對以下兩問題做分析： 1. 在相同的競爭環境下，不同的競爭對手如何察覺、回應與行動？ 2. 組織能耐是否影響組織的察覺、回應與行動？

台灣化工業中有一個非常小的一支系，那就是紡織行業供應鍊上游中的染顏料業；建築業、印刷業、塑膠業供應鍊中的顏料業。在1970 年代亞洲四小龍開始活躍於輕工業界為全世界提供產品，台灣的紡織業、建築業、印刷業、塑膠業蓬勃發展，伴隨著以上行業的需求，大量自德、瑞士、英、美、日高價進口染顏料，讓台灣化工業者嗅覺到了商機，紛紛跳進染顏料業。這行業一直興旺到1990年代。中國大陸在1982年開始改革開放，開始時候對於生活基本物資飢渴般的需求，造成亞洲四小龍景氣到最高峰。台灣的染顏料業者此時以多年獲利紛紛尋求上市上櫃擴大獲利。在1990年代後期，中國大陸各地在紡織業、建築業、塑膠業投入大筆資金分別加入競爭是典型的競爭合流。 台灣染顏料業者A公司此時已感受到競爭，尋求走出競爭漩渦。本研究以個案探討的方式，深入研究台灣染顏料業者A公司如何走經由更新策略多角化經營、組織變革、開展新行業研發、產品技術紮根，建立技術團隊，由無到有建立生產工廠，以新產品進入新領域，銷售團隊建立，新品牌、市場行銷通路建置，由染顏料業者踏入生化醫藥產品領域，藉此討論以下三個問題： 1. A公司如何找出自己的組織能耐？ 2. A公司如何進入新領域？ 3. A公司從研發到商業化途徑中組織有何變化？ 研究發現與顯示，A公司發現了原公司技術已經擴散，本身從事的行業面臨同業突破技術障礙，以相同產品競爭，產品削價競爭，從而由此發起內部策略會議，找出自己的組織能耐為製造技術、世界四十餘國行銷通路、檢測能力、設計工廠能力、研發能力、技術與管理人力資源、高階管理人員願景與決策執行能力等，積極訂出新領域目標，集中資源包括公司財力、人員、尋求政府支持，與外部協同研發、尋找行業資深專家等進一步加強組織能耐。以行為變革、結構變革、技術變革等方針進入新的領域，因應新公司活動，變更組織成立新研發專職部門，以專案組織變動模式執行技術突破與市場滲透，而此活動帶來了新的目標，將公司資源配置移轉至研發活動，成功克服各項進入障礙後，進而公司組織再造改組，獨立出新部門成立新公開發行公司。 從研發到展開商業化的過程中面臨到企業文化的改變，組織成員對於新產品領域的不同文化與管理帶來的衝擊，新領域中由內部工作流程、組織功能、作業管理的不同，延伸到外部供應鏈管理、多國通路建立、不同政府法規要求的不同的衝擊。組織拆解出新公司重組後，與原公司各有不同內部文化組織功能。 本研究對L公司後續發展的建議： 建立學習型組織充分傳承組織能耐進一步再突破創新，並將新進入行業的類胡蘿蔔素產品應用創新橫向切入飼料、醫藥領域。 研究對於A公司染顏料部門的後續發展的建議: 一、 針對能縮短製程時間節能、降低排汙的環保製程或產品必是未來行業趨勢，如何以專利保障研究成果，需要設定好策略與規劃步驟。 二、 對於染料消費者其中一群體：汽車用椅套墊染色業的後續發展的建議；傳統配方為了求高日曬牢度，所使用的染料多為舊型化學結構，較高汙染排放品項，技術創新上可應用綠色化學製程、篩選開發新結構、新配方、使用新助劑、新後段加工製程，把上游的生產供應鏈污染排放量降低下來，成為對環境更友善產品。所作市場通路策略上改變以如「XX環保綠色標章」標示於產品及下游紡織產品吊牌上，如「Intel Inside」一樣的光榮貼上。 三、 價值鏈活動上投入更多資源發展品牌與擴大原有通路規模。 / Chemical industry in Taiwan has a tiny sub stream, that is Dyestuff and pigment business, It is located in the upper tiers of the Textile business supply chain. Four of Asia countries in 1970s became most active roles in the world’s light industry. Meanwhile the Textile and related industries in Taiwan began to flourish, Accompanied by the huge needs of this industries, a large number dyestuff and pigment imported at high prices from the Germany, the Switzerland, the Great Britain (U.K.), the United States, Japan. At this moment, the chemical industry companies in Taiwan found these was very good opportunity to produce the products, Some company they Jumped into the dyestuff and pigment business. On the another side of Taiwan strait, China begun to open domestic market in 1982,At the beginning, The basic materials for living needs hungrily, Causing the the four Asian 4 countries economy went to the peak of the records. Thus the industry has been continuing thriving through the 1990s. In China, some of industry invested a large quantities of resources as a follower, it was typical of the competition convergence. Case “A “ (“A”)company in Taiwan at that moment felt the competition, seeking a way goes out of the competition. This study will discuss a case study, Which will have a in-depth study of dyestuff and pigment industry in Taiwan ，This company how to update their strategy into the diversification strategy, organizational change, new industry research and development, deep in product technology research and, the establishment of technical team. From none to new plant facilitating, Invented new products into new business, sales team, building, new branding, and set up marketing channels. By the case of dyestuff and pigment industry company moved into the area of biochemical and pharmaceutical fields, Three questions will be addressed as followings : 1. How “A “company found out their organization capability? 2. How “A “company entered into new business territories? 3. From the R&D stage to the commercialization stage ；What was organization changed happened in the” A” company? In this study had found and showed that when” A “company faced of their competitors broke out their technical barriers; the same product competitiveness in the market, Low-price competition. “A “company held an internal strategy conference leaded to find out their owned organizational capabilities, Set up a project team in dynamic way to perform technical break through and market penetration. The company’s resources moved and allocated toward R&D activities, further to restructure of the company reorganization; then spun off a new independent company. From the R&D stage went to the commercialized stage , The company had cultural and administrative changes , which brought impact to the members . The differences came from internal factors; work flows, operation procedures, organization functions. To the external factors; multinational sales channels, different regulations from the different countries. When the new “L” company spun off form the “A” company, Both company keep their own regulations and company cultures . Accordance with the study findings, there are some recommendations offered to the companies. To “L” company: 1. Building a learning organization; introduced new technologies products to the Carotenoids family product application, Invent innovative products goes into the feed and pharmaceutical field. To “A” company: 1. Follow the trend of needs, Optimized process times work flow, Low pollutive process and products will be the future trend, Set up a proper patent strategy to keep the value inside of “A” company. 2. To one of the dyestuff application sector – car seat textile sector ; The traditional recipe contains a lot of old, pollutive process products, It should be switched to green chemistry methods, newly selected structure, new auxillaries, new finishing process. Which can reduce the total pollution form the top of supply chain, become greener and more environmental friendly products . Place a honorable “Green environmental “tag, Like the well known” Intel inside “ tag as a market differentiation symbol

本文針對臺灣以技術創新作為策略發展主軸的企業案例，以五芒星模型（Five Star Model），分析其從代工轉為品牌經營商時，在組織設計上，所採取的措施和手段，作為後進者依循的組織設計原則。 五芒星模型，以策略、組織結構、流程、薪酬制度和人力資源五大組織設計的基本元素，分析各項元素中組織設計的原則。而本文以華碩電腦、宏達國際電子兩家分別在個人電腦及手機業內卓然有成的臺灣企業作為分析案例。觀察他們在從代工，轉型到品牌經營商時，在策略、組織結構、流程、薪酬制度以及人力資源上，所採取的行動，並將這五大組織設計元素分析出來的結果，作歸納整理，形成一套可資遵循的準則，俾使後續臺灣其他有心以技術創新作為發展品牌的廠商，能夠在進行組織變革時，依著此準則，降低失敗的風險，提高成功的可能。 / This thesis will focus on Taiwanese enterprises which run their business with innovative technologies. We try to analyze these cases with Five Star Model. Figure out what they have done during their organization changes for transition from OEM to OBM. Through the five basic elements in the model, we could easily observe their actions and build the rules for those who want to find organizational design guidance. The Five Star model list Strategies, Organization Structure, Process, People, and Reward System, as the five basic elements in organization design. Researchers could use this model to analyze the enterprise and identify the organization design principles. In this thesis, Asustek Computers, and HTC are the enterprise which we are interested in. They both are the outstanding Taiwanese companies in PC and Mobile phone categories. Both companies are famous on their innovation thinking and design. They also do the same thing to change their business model – from OEM to OBM (Own Brand Manufacturing). We observe their actions in the transition from OEM to OBM, and use Five Star Model to analyze their policy in strategies, organization structure, process, people, and reward systems. Try to identify what they have done and list their organization change thinking in these categories. We will build the guidance through Five Star Model, and provide them to those who want to use the same scheme to build their own brand. Lower the risk of failure and promote the chances to be successful.