The Taiwan information industry by the high quality technical manpower and the superior investment environment attract international factories investment, released the high gross margin of labor order form, also enabled Taiwan become the international famous Original Equipment Manufacturing (OEM), but as a result of the industrial competition, the OEM customer greatly chopped the OEM product unit price, enabled the OEM merchant only obtain the meager profit. Moreover, mainland China, Eastern Europe, India and so on have the high comparative advantage country spring up, also causes the Taiwan information merchant lose many OEM order forms, some of the merchant continues to be engaged in the great quantity and low cost OEM service. Another part, like the empirical study merchant: BenQ, ASUS, Accton, Optoma, they continued in the OEM experience by the past, after accumulated own R&D and the manufacturing capacity, in order to obtain incompletely restrained from the OEM customer's controlling force in the produce market, they chose the Ordnance Bench Mark (OBM) strategy to strengthen the merchant homemade brand. The present thesis found that, when the industrial growth hastens, the technology slow tends to maturely, the low technical barrier phenomenon and so on, the OEM merchants in order to enhance the product competitive ability, they introduction advanced technology, emphatically to the new product technological innovation to take the competitive advantage. In order to continue the product technology superiority, grasps the new product design and development, invests the development emerging commodity and the new product technology, will positively develop the innate brand service in the new produce market domain. Merchant after the OEM times not only may obtain the OEM customer to provide the product specification design, the product quality stipulation, the system regulation standard as well as regarding the quality request, but also has help the merchant¡¦s change the resources ability. The merchant in order to conform to customer's requirement, the merchant must strengthen the original quality control concept, to promote the product manufacture quality. Also increases the buyer negotiations strength, becomes the international great merchant partner of the strategy alliance. Moreover, the OEM merchant also trades the OEM customer's product at the same time, enables the merchant have the ability to develop the market channel, in order to help reform to the Ordnance Bench Mark (OBM) merchant in the future. However, establishes the brand is the kind of processes which communicate with the consumer, therefore besides establishes the successful brand, and also must invest the high quota massive funds and the manpower. But the Taiwan OEM merchant core competitive ability is in the product manufacture productivity, not above product marketing ability. Even though, the present thesis merchant still chose the OBM service condition, the main difference came from the merchant¡¦s OBM strategic intent, even though present stage merchant in marketing ability insufficiency, but the merchant OBM high strategic intent, gradually increased the customer oriented activities and slowly accumulated resources variations from the process to enhance the brand management ability.

Nowadays, companies of emerging countries have started to compete with Taiwanese companies with the same OEM/ODM business model. This trend has made the advantages of manufacturing of Taiwanese companies disappeared. So the growth of Taiwanese economy that depends on exporting companies¡¦ products has suffered severe threats. Therefore, Taiwanese industries and government have struggled to transform into the field of OBM. They hope it can make more added values from OBM. This research studied on Taiwanese companies that have made some achievement in OBM field in the international base on resources-based view. This research studied on how they created and operated their own brands and how they planned their own international strategies of OBM, tried to find out the differences between OEM/ODM and OBM in nature, resources and abilities, and found out the main dimensions that how companies met the gap existing in resources and abilities. This study also tried to figure out the processes how companies with brands built up their OBM business in European markets, and then this study wanted to build a conceptual structure about how a business model transformed from OEM/ODM into OBM. Finally, the study found out another company that is a novice in building international OBM business, and did some analysis and suggestions for it based on the conceptual structure to verify the feasibility of the conceptual structure. The sources of the research data are from second-hand data and from interviewing with the studied companies. I hope the study can be a reference for any companies which want to build their business model of OBM. The results of this study showed that there is indeed a gap between OEM/ODM and OBM in respects of essence and the needed resources and capabilities. And the studied cases which have their own brands had an extent of similarity in building their OBM business in European markets. Therefore, this study tried to divide the processes of how the studied cases that built their OBM business in European markets into five stages, and every stage has different features and needed resources as well as capabilities. And then did some analysis and suggestions for the case which is a novice in building international OBM business. This study found out that the studied findings had an extent of feasibility and credibility.

<p>Gymnasieutbildningen i Sverige är en frivillig skolform där 98 procent av Sveriges ungdomar påbörjar ett program. Skolreformer och större klasser präglar gymnasieskolan och ställer nya krav på det pedagogiska arbetet. Studier har visat att stökig arbetsmiljö och hög frånvaro är några av de problem som förekommer inom gymnasieskolan. Forskning kring förebyggande metoder för beteendeproblem i grundskola har visat att ett uppmuntrande och strukturerat lärarledarskap är en viktig komponent för adekvat skolmiljö och goda studieresultat hos elever. Oganizational behavior management är en metod inom organisations- och ledarskapsutveckling baserad på inlärningspsykologi. Metoden ligger till grund för beteendeinterventionen i föreliggande undersökning. Syftet med undersökningen var att via OBM genomföra en beteendeintervention i en gymnasieklass under fyra veckor med målsättningen att minska frånvarotillfällen med minst 10 procent under kärnämneslektionerna. Utvärderingen visade att frånvaro sammanlagt hade minskat med 10,84 % samt att lärarna ansåg att kunskapen kring metoden varit givande för dem i deras lärarprofession. Frånvaro mellan första och sista mätperiod var signifikant (0.013).</p>

Gymnasieutbildningen i Sverige är en frivillig skolform där 98 procent av Sveriges ungdomar påbörjar ett program. Skolreformer och större klasser präglar gymnasieskolan och ställer nya krav på det pedagogiska arbetet. Studier har visat att stökig arbetsmiljö och hög frånvaro är några av de problem som förekommer inom gymnasieskolan. Forskning kring förebyggande metoder för beteendeproblem i grundskola har visat att ett uppmuntrande och strukturerat lärarledarskap är en viktig komponent för adekvat skolmiljö och goda studieresultat hos elever. Oganizational behavior management är en metod inom organisations- och ledarskapsutveckling baserad på inlärningspsykologi. Metoden ligger till grund för beteendeinterventionen i föreliggande undersökning. Syftet med undersökningen var att via OBM genomföra en beteendeintervention i en gymnasieklass under fyra veckor med målsättningen att minska frånvarotillfällen med minst 10 procent under kärnämneslektionerna. Utvärderingen visade att frånvaro sammanlagt hade minskat med 10,84 % samt att lärarna ansåg att kunskapen kring metoden varit givande för dem i deras lärarprofession. Frånvaro mellan första och sista mätperiod var signifikant (0.013).

Abstract In retrospect, Taiwanese manufacturers have outstanding abilities in production which attracted Western international branding companies to give their orders to Taiwan firms. However, with the emerging countries¡¦ arising made a huge impact toward Taiwan OEM industry. This research is aimed at exploring on the gap analysis and strategies of filling the gap on OEM firms trying to transforming to OBM, and together with exploring on the strategic human resource planning during transforming. This research is mainly through data analysis, case study Company¡¦s interview and the comparison with Benchmark Company to achieve the research purposes. This research selects design industry, and moreover, the case study A company is undergoing this OEM to OBM process, in addition to explore the competencies and together with strategic human resource planning dimensions, and as well as the difficulties they were facing. And then, this research used a benchmark firm, Franz, which is also in design industry to make comparison and to learn from Franz through a dynamic competency view. The main contribution of this study is to explore the issue of competency gap while OEM transformed into OBM firms, and used dynamic competency view to suggest the case studied A company to consider different developing stages while making human resource plan. As for those Taiwanese design and fashion companies who also pursue transforming, this research will bring them great benefits.

Since 2001 the top international Notebook PC brand firm, Dell, established their Research and Development Center (R&D Center), or called TDC (Taiwan Design Center), in Taiwan, other Notebook PC firms also set up R&D Centers in Taiwan to work closely with Taiwan Notebook PC ODMs. In 2006, Dell has already handed over all the consumer Notebook R&D teams to TDC in Taiwan. Hewlett-Packard (HP) established R&D center in Taiwan in 2002, it is called Product Development Center (PDC) and now has thousands of engineers. The major responsibility of R&D Centers in Taiwan is to cooperate with Notebook PC ODMs to develop and manufacture Notebook PCs. The purpose of this study is to understand how the R&D Center evaluates Notebook PC ODMs and what the key factors are for evaluation from the R&D perspective. This study is taken by the depth of literature review and expert interviews and used AHP to develop a model of the evaluation to select a Notebook PC ODM as the partner to develop a new Notebook PC and mass-produce the products after complete development and validation. On the other hand, it helps Notebook PC ODMs to understand the client's selection criteria and know what the weaknesses are to improve accordingly.

While group homes seemed to be the ideal solution for the deinstitutionalization movement started in the 1950s, many group homes face significant challenges regarding staffing, and staff training and performance. Organization behavior management (OBM) may offer some solutions to increasing staff performance. Additionally, choice is a topic rarely researched in OBM and applied behavior analytic (ABA) research. The purpose of this study is not only to create a treatment package that increases data collection among group home staff, but also to examine choice, and whether increased choices related to a behavioral intervention package impacts the efficacy of the treatment package. Participants were divided into two groups. The choice group was able to make four decisions regarding the procedures used in the treatment package, while the no choice group had those decisions imposed upon them in the treatment package. The results of the groups were compared. The four-component treatment package was successful in increasing average weekly data collection from 0% during baseline to over 50% in the four weeks of intervention. The choice group performed higher than the no choice group every week of intervention, showing that the minimal effort needed to take choice into consideration in an intervention would be worthwhile.

近年來，台灣許多採用OEM模式的中小企業，都尋求透過電子商務的幫助，往自有品牌的經營模式發展。並且，從許多公司都積極建立自己的公司網站，就不難看出，公司紛紛將資源投入在電子商務能力的發展中。 學術上，對於電子商務對中小企業的幫助，多有討論。有些學者認為，電子商務由於能夠降低公司與客戶的溝通成本，並且不受時空的限制，因此是中小企業追上大型競爭對手的絕佳機會。然而也有些學者認為，電子商務由於資訊更加透明，會加劇競爭，因此對於中小企業並不一定有利。除此之外，過去對於電子商務的研究，多集中在對於公司的利潤、成本管控、存貨管控或是顧客忠誠度的建立之上，少有對於自有品牌建立方面的研究。 因此，本研究目的主要希望透過量化實證研究的方式，分析公司電子商務能力，與自有品牌績效之間的關係，並且同時希望能夠探討，在何種情況之下，電子商務對於自有品牌的建立會有更大的幫助。 本研究結果發現，公司的電子商務能力，與自有品牌的績效存在著正向的關係。同時，公司的顧客導向，對於上述的關係，會產生正向的干擾。並且，傳統產業的公司，在使用電子商務建立自有品牌上，有較好的效果。 / In recent years, many OEM SMEs in Taiwan are striving to build their own brand through E-commerce. The fact that lots of these firms are building their own website, shows that they are engaging a huge amount of company resources in developing their E-commerce capability. In previous literatures, scholars have argued about whether E-commerce is a chance to SMEs. On the one hand, some proposed that E-commerce reduce the communication cost between firms and their customers, so it is a chance for SMEs to match up with their big competitors. On the other hand, however, some also concerned that E-commerce will make the competition more severe through providing information transparency, and thus E-commerce may not be that promising for SMEs. Previous studies on E-commerce focus mostly on its effect on profit generating, cost reducing, inventory managing and customer loyalty building for the firm. Researches on the effect of E-commerce to help building own brand manufacturing business model are still limited. Thus, the main purpose of this study is to assess the relationship between E-commerce capability, and own brand building performance through an empirical analysis. And also, try to identify the factors that modify this relationship. Our result shows that, a positive relationship exists between E-commerce capability of a firm and its own brand performance. Also, customer orientation of a firm positively modifies this relationship. Finally, E-commerce contribute more to own brand building in traditional manufacturing industry than in high-tech manufacturing industry.

<p>Att förmå medarbetare att följa säkerhetsföreskrifter och bete sig säkert har enligt forskning visat sig vara mycket viktigt för att minska mängden olyckor på arbetsplatser. En metod för att arbeta med människors beteende på arbetsplatsen är beteendebaserad säkerhet (BBS), vilken har visat på god effekt utomlands. Syftet med föreliggande arbete är att undersöka hur det går att applicera den metoden i Sverige. En nio veckors intervention baserad på BBS gjordes på pappersmassfabriken Stora Enso – Kvarnsveden för att praktiskt undersöka möjligheterna för beteendebaserat säkerhetsarbete. Mätningar av frekvensen av säkert respektive riskabelt beteende gjordes genom självrapportering från medarbetarna i brukets renseri. Resultaten visade inte på någon tydlig effekt av insatsen. Avslutningsvis diskuteras hur framtida interventioner kan utformas för att nå bättre resultat.</p>

Att förmå medarbetare att följa säkerhetsföreskrifter och bete sig säkert har enligt forskning visat sig vara mycket viktigt för att minska mängden olyckor på arbetsplatser. En metod för att arbeta med människors beteende på arbetsplatsen är beteendebaserad säkerhet (BBS), vilken har visat på god effekt utomlands. Syftet med föreliggande arbete är att undersöka hur det går att applicera den metoden i Sverige. En nio veckors intervention baserad på BBS gjordes på pappersmassfabriken Stora Enso – Kvarnsveden för att praktiskt undersöka möjligheterna för beteendebaserat säkerhetsarbete. Mätningar av frekvensen av säkert respektive riskabelt beteende gjordes genom självrapportering från medarbetarna i brukets renseri. Resultaten visade inte på någon tydlig effekt av insatsen. Avslutningsvis diskuteras hur framtida interventioner kan utformas för att nå bättre resultat.