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人身保險之複保險問題研究 / The problems of double insurance in the field of personal insurance葉勁之, Yeh, Chin-Chih Unknown Date (has links)
本論文探討我國保險法中人身保險適用複保險的問題。研究的方法是先釐清複保險的目的與功能,繼而檢討迄今學者與實務見解對複保險適用人身保險的觀點與主要的爭議所在。重點有四:一是複保險規定於保險法總則之中,應否及於人身保險?二是財產保險與人身保險之分類和國外以損失補償原則區分之損失補償保險和非損失補償保險的差別,三是人身保險商品,即,人壽保險、健康保險、傷害保險與年金保險個別適用複保險與否的問題,最後是人身保險中保險金額的問題。針對這四個重點研究的過程是探討包括我國以及美國、英國、法國、德國與日本之保險法的立法例,釐清我國複保險出現在總則的謬誤,進而分析損失補償保險與非損失補償保險的差別。按著再以損失補償保險的三個基礎要件,檢視四種人身保險,以釐清各種商品適用複保險的疑義。最後以結論歸納出人身保險中有定值保險性質的保險應不適用梗保險,而且建議修正法條,以及週邊行政規定,以期在金融服務業務整合的時代中,對導正保險的實質功能做出貢獻。
關鍵字:損失補償原則、複保險、人身保險、損失補償保險、非損失補償保險 / This paper explores the disputes of double insurance effective to personal insurance. The process, at first, is to clarify the purpose and functions of double insurance and, then, to introduce the viewpoints and stances of scholars as well as the judicial cases. In all, there are four points. Firstly, is double insurance, stipulated in the general provisions, effective to the personal insurance? Secondly, in comparison with the categorization of indemnity insurance and contingency insurance in many other countries, is the categorization of property insurance and personal insurance in our insurance law appropriate? Thirdly, how we verify four main personal insurance products in terms of the three factors of indemnity insurance? Finally, what is the reasonable face amount of a personal insurance contract? The approaches of this paper are exploring the history of insurance laws in the different countries and discriminating the differences of indemnity insurance and contingency insurance. Finally, for the purose of dedicating to the improvement of integrated financial services business in Taiwan, this paper not only makes suggestions with respect to legal amendments in Insurance Law, but also proposes five administrative means to support insurers business development in a constructive environment.
Key Words: The Principles of Indemnity, Double Insurance, Personal Insurance, Indemnity Insurance, Contingency Insurance
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船舶所有人防護及補償保險之研究 / Study on Protection and Indemnity (P&I) Insurance for Shipowner張培倫, Chang, Pei Lun Unknown Date (has links)
十九世紀英國經濟活動、社會結構及工藝技術發生重大變革,船舶所有人從事海上運送活動所面臨之責任風險,種類繁多且金額甚鉅,非其能獨自承擔而有轉嫁風險之必要,船舶所有人防護及補償保險遂應運而生,迄今已有一百五十餘年之歷史。
船舶所有人防護及補償保險,乃由船舶所有人組成非營利性之防護及補償協會,以相互保險之方式承保船舶所有人之責任風險,其承保範圍廣泛,包括船員及旅客傷病死亡責任、人命救助之費用及報酬、貨物責任、船舶碰撞責任、污染責任、船舶拖帶責任、船骸移除責任、共同海損分攤額、檢疫費用、罰金、損害防阻及法律費用等等。
船舶所有人透過船舶所有人防護及補償保險之安排,轉嫁龐大之責任風險,使海上運送活動得以存續,船舶所有人防護及補償保險之貢獻重大,已成為海上保險不可或缺之一環,其重要性並不亞於船體保險及貨物保險。惟目前我國學界關於船舶所有人防護及補償保險之文獻極為有限,且多數文獻因論著年代較為久遠,部分內容已與現況有所差異。
鑒於船舶所有人防護及補償保險之重要性,本文乃以英國不列顛防護及補償協會之2007年協會規則為主要研究對象,並以相關國際公約、英國法及我國法為研究範圍,自法律層面分析探討船舶所有人防護及補償保險之意義、功能、歷史沿革、法律架構、契約之成立與效力及其承保範圍,建立船舶所有人防護及補償保險之概念與體系論述,以期能達成協助船舶所有人瞭解並維護其關於船舶所有人防護及補償保險之各項權益、引起國內學界對船舶所有人防護及補償保險之重視與研究興趣、俾利國內航運保險相關主管機關對航運業轉嫁責任風險之行政監理及對我國船舶所有人組成防護及補償協會可行性之評估等研究目的。
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