近年來國內藉由跨國婚姻形式來台的東南亞籍女性外籍配偶數量不斷增加，相關議題受到各界廣泛討論；另外，台灣在面臨人口老化的趨勢下，所衍生出的老人照顧課題也同樣受到關切。但是關於跨國婚姻家庭中的失能老人照顧問題卻一直被忽略。因此本研究以質性研究方法，訪談了十位居住在台南縣的東南亞籍女性外籍配偶照顧者，以及兩位家人，探討她們成為家庭中失能老人的照顧者之原因與對照顧工作的認知、從事的照顧工作內容與扮演的照顧角色、照顧過程中的正式與非正式社會支持網絡以及照顧工作對其生活各層面所帶來的影響，藉此勾勒出女性外籍配偶家庭的照顧圖像。研究結果顯示，女性外籍配偶成為家庭照顧者的原因有文化規範、性別角色分工、情感上的推拉力以及雙重的生產力身份等等。其扮演的照顧角色為「直接協助者」、「叮嚀與監督者」、「情緒的支持者」、「協同照顧者」以及「家務工作者」。另外，在照顧過程中的社會網絡上，主要由夫妻關係、子女關係、娘家關係、親屬關係、鄰居關係及朋友關係構成的非正式支持體系來提供工具性與情感性的支持；因為其婚姻構成的因素與對資源的掌握能力不足，缺少正式支持體系的協助。而照顧工作對女性外籍配偶照顧者的生活各層面，包括生理/心理層面、家庭關係與社交層面、經濟/財務層面以及工作層面等等都帶來一定程度的影響。總體而言，女性外籍配偶照顧者不但要面對與本國籍女性照顧者相同的照顧情境與問題，因為其特殊的文化及語言背景，還得學習自我調適與生活適應，所承受的生活壓力與照顧負荷可說是加倍的沈重。

國內跨國婚姻家庭的數量逐年升高，主要是因為近十年東南亞籍女性配偶的大量移入。各界討論跨國婚姻的視角鮮少以微觀的家庭互動觀點論之，並且未詳細理解跨國家庭在成因與家庭型態上的不同。因此本研究以質的研究方式，著重互動與詮釋等微視觀點，重新理解跨國家庭本身，並比較初婚及繼親跨國家庭間的異同；比較的面向包括家庭形成之過程與基礎，家庭角色規範，家庭界域，夫妻與親子互動關係等。同時，本研究也探索國內大眾或媒體對跨國家庭的偏見與歧視作用在跨國家庭中所可能造成的影響。本研究資料是經由對來自四個跨國初婚家庭與四個跨國繼親家庭中之家長及子女進行深入訪談而取得。研究結果顯示，跨國初婚與繼親家庭的家庭成因略有差異，而跨國家庭在外部關係上，皆具有結構上的困境，並影響家人互動關係。家庭內部關係上，夫妻關係與親子關係也有其個別的異同之處。在文化與適應上，跨國家庭傾向具有雙元的飲食文化特色，以及多元的語言接觸機會。並且，台籍配偶包容度能提升外籍配偶的適應情況。總體而論，跨國繼親家庭需面對較多家庭問題，並且容易因為「跨國」的因素，而使問題越加複雜。跨國家庭成員大多也對仲介婚姻存有偏見，因此將多將自身婚姻視為是「交往成婚」類型，藉此降低社會偏見可能對其造成的污名化影響。研究歸結，跨國家庭之家庭經驗具有獨特性，此一獨特性，除了受社會結構性因素影響之外，也受家庭人際互動的影響，某些層次上，更反映岀了初婚與繼親家庭的差異。 / Due largely to the escalating volume of immigration from Southeast Asia, the number of transnational families in Taiwan has increased significantly in the past decade. A number of studies have been conducted on these transnational families. However, these studies focused mostly on the macro-structural aspect of the phenomenon, and none approached the issue from the micro viewpoint. This study adopted a micro perspective to examine the experiences of transnational families established by Taiwanese and Southeast Asians. I used qualitative methods to compare transnational families established by first marriages with those established by remarriages (stepfamilies) in grounds of family formation, family boundaries, rules governing roles of family members, and marital as well as parent-child relationships. This study also assessed the possible influence of prejudice and discrimination in the mass media and the general public on these transnational families. Data were collected through interviews with parents and children from four transnational families established by first marriages and four established by remarriages. The findings indicated that cultural difference was often associated with the difficulties faced by transnational families. Moreover, transnational families established by first marriages with those established by remarriages (stepfamilies) were quite different, in that the latter often encountered more difficulties in managing family relationships, constructing family boundaries, establishing unambiguous rules directing roles of family members, and following these rules. Members of transnational families tended to have more exposure to diverse religions and languages, and dietary practices may differ among family members. Family’s economic status is influential in shaping the relationships among family members, especially in families with financial problems. Most of the informants interviewed were inclined to distance their families from the stereotypical image of a transnational family in the eyes of the media as well as the general public, which can be seen as a strategy to avoid stigmatization. In conclusion, the results showed that the unique experiences of transnational families were embedded in social contexts and shaped by various social factors on the one hand, and developed by family members through daily interactions on the other. Furthermore, such experiences reflected the distinctions between transnational families established by first marriages and those established by remarriages.

本研究主要透過質化研究深度訪談法，描繪越南籍女性配偶在台生活使用媒體行為與對本地文化適應情況。訪談結果歸納整理出以下若干：第一、受訪者使用媒體的時間與平日所持家務的繁重程度及與夫家的態度有關。第二、受訪者夫家對其媒體使用並未加以過份干涉。第三、受訪者使用屬於母國媒體產品主要為舒緩思鄉情緒，消除對環境的不確定疑慮。第四、受訪者期望台灣媒體對母國之報導多採正面態度。 / The study mainly described the behavior of mass-media-using and cultural adaption among Vietnamese women living in Taiwan through interracial marriage. In-depth interview was conducted in this study. The findings of research were showed as follows: 1.There are relationship among mass-media-using time and daily household tasks and the allowing from husband’s family toward the interviewers. 2.It was not overly to interfere with interviewers using mass media by husband’s family. 3.The interviewers used mass-media products at husband’s family to ease homesickness and reduce uncertainty on environment about their living. 4.The interviewers wish that Taiwan’s media reported positive things about Vietnam as could as possible.

自1970年起，東南亞女性以不同形式陸續來到台灣，其中以婚配來台居多。隨著人口的增加，新移民的議題與衍生的社會問題，逐漸受到政府與學術界重視，然而新移民各種議題的研究，結論都指出新移民必須處理文化適應的問題，才可能突破生活許多困境。因此，本研究從文化適應的脈絡，探討新移民社群組織，對於新移民在文化適應上的協助方式，以及所扮演的角色。並且透過三年在南洋台灣姊妹會的參與觀察與深度訪談，分析台灣新移民政策與社群組織在實際執行層面上的差異。 文本結構方面，第一章論述問題意識、研究方法以及對過去的文獻進行分析；第二章就新移民來台的背景、現行台灣對於新移民的政策有何不妥之處，使的新移民社群組織有存在的必要性；第三章針對二十至三十位的新移民以深度訪談的研究方法，瞭解她們來台後在文化適應上所遇到的問題；第四章是探討社群組織與政府，在輔導新移民文化適應策略與方式上的差異；第五章分為兩個小節，先對上述的論述作結論，歸納出社群組織比起政府對於新移民在文化適應上，又多了一項情感支持的功能，第二節則是針對政府及社群組織提供筆者的建議做為本文的結論。 關鍵字：新移民組織、跨國婚姻、文化適應、東南亞文化、性別研究

隨著國際化、全球化的趨勢，跨國婚姻已是全球普遍的現象。台灣在1987年開放大陸探親後，在婚姻仲介者的引進，大陸配偶透過婚配而成為我國的新移民，隨著人數增加也衍生了許多家庭、婚姻、教育、社會等問題。 本研究將探討大陸配偶在在臺的生活適應、配婚管道與動機，以及她們在台期間所面臨的困境，對我國大陸配偶政策的期許等問題，本研究採用質性研究的半結構訪談大綱訪問居住於基隆市區的「大陸女性配偶」本研究發現如下: 一、大陸配偶不管是透過親友介紹或婚姻仲介，都認命的與先生胼手胝足的為家庭奮鬥。 二、這些受訪者婚配的對象部份為在台婚姻市場邊緣化者。 三、大陸配偶來臺的人際關係由家延伸至社會，當面臨困難時通常都是朋友適時伸出援手，幫她們走出困境。 四、大陸配偶對台灣的美麗憧憬及經濟奇蹟構成大陸配偶向外拓展的動力。 五、大陸配偶對於居留、身分證取得時效的政策不如外籍配偶，感覺受到岐視，對現行法規有強烈修正的期待。 / Along with the internationalization and the globalization tendency, the transnational marriage already was the global universal phenomenon. Taiwan has allowed mainland visiting relatives after 1987. After introduced by the marriage brokerage, the mainland spouses penetrated the marriage to become our country's new immigration. Increased along with the population also generated many questions on the families, marriage, education and society aspect as well. This research will discuss the mainland spouse in to life adapt, the channel to get married and the motive of marriage in Taiwan. Also include the difficult position they will face when stay in Taiwan, as well as the expectation to our government policy for mainland spouse and so on. This research will use the nature research the semi-structure interview program to visit “the mainland feminine spouse” lives in the Keelung urban area. This research discovery is as follows: 1. No matter the marriage of the mainland spouse is through the friends and relatives introduction or the marriage brokerage, most of mainland spouse are resign themselves work with her husband and struggle for the family. 2. These participants of mainland spouses the marry object had weak position in marriage market in Taiwan. 3. Mainland spouse comes to the social interaction of the interpersonal relationship is extended by the house to society. When they face the difficulty, it usually is looking for the help from their friends to assist them to depart from the difficult position. 4. The mainland spouse to Taiwan's beautiful expectation and the economical miracle of Taiwan in pass, it contributed the mainland spouse the motivation which develops to outside. 5. The effectiveness for a period of time which regarding the residence and the identification card obtain was inferior to the foreign spouse. The mainland spouse felt receives the discrimination, has the intense anticipation to the present laws and regulations revision.

婚姻居間，也就是一般所稱的婚姻媒合、婚姻仲介。是日常生活中 容易碰到的行為樣態，其衍生的法律問題，則值得思考與研究。 本文依據有償性、居間人服務內容、是否成立法律行為等不同特徵，將婚姻居間分為七種子類型：典型婚姻居間契約、親友介紹型婚姻居間、無償型婚姻居間契約、委任型婚姻居間契約、平台型婚姻居間、複合型婚姻居間契約、跨國婚姻居間契約。 本文先以民法規定之典型婚姻居間契約為出發，討論居間人之權利義務，並反思民法第 573 條立法之妥當性。再就其他六種偏離民法居間 規定之婚姻居間類型作討論，從各種婚姻居間定性著手，再分別探討各 個婚姻居間的居間人權利義務關係，並討論其法律之適用。

自開放探親以來，兩岸交流日趨熱絡，截至民國九十四年底陸續來台團聚及申請居留、定居的大陸配偶已逾廿三萬人，成為新興移入人口的主流。「兩岸婚配」的盟合大多係由台灣男性主動認識大陸女子、或經由親友介紹、及婚姻仲介等方式而結婚，大陸配偶透過「跨海婚姻」的歷程來到台灣，在陌生的社會民情與生疏的家庭環境中試圖展開新生活，她們無不努力地學習並詮釋新的角色；然因兩岸的社經環境、風俗習慣，人民的成長背景及價值觀念等文化之差異與隔閡，建立自己的同儕生活上有所困難，加上在台灣取得社會資源的不易，使其與台灣社會網絡互動貧乏，只能依賴婚姻的狀況下更顯得被孤立，而成為社會的弱勢族群，且因人數眾多已形成嚴重的社會問題。 由於大陸配偶來台者日眾，在相關的社會新聞中，造成台灣民眾常抱持著偏執與異樣眼光看待她們，總將其視為外來者或麻煩製造者而產生了許多誤解，使她們在異鄉的生活適應上備感艱辛，諸如她們漂洋過海的婚姻動機為何？來台後對於兩岸的生活習慣與價值觀念之差異要如何適應？又將如何與台灣的社會相連結？對於國家與社群的認同為何？微視她們真正的心聲是值得我們作抽絲剝繭的探究。本文針對中國移民女性來台的社會適應問題進行研究，讓現實生活中的大陸配偶自己發聲，筆者實地去瞭解她們的生活底層，聆聽她們的心聲、感受與生活經驗，試從其自身的敘述中來勾勒出她們的「台灣經驗」，而非新聞媒體上所建構與杜撰的故事，或是三姑六婆們街頭巷尾的竊竊私語。 / Ever since Taiwan and PRC opened door for citizens to visit their relatives across Taiwan Straits, cross-border interactions from both sides are becoming more frequent. According to statistical data released by Taiwan government, more than 230 thousand PRC immigration requests to Taiwan have been granted by the end of 2005. In consequence, PRC residents are becoming the mainstream in Taiwan immigration population. Typically, cross-border marriage took place through matchmakers or relatives’ introduction or Taiwanese males actively create opportunities to know PRC female. Thereby female is the dominant gentile in PRC immigrant population. Due to different value systems, and vast cultural gap, it is not easy for PRC spouses to quickly adapt to the new environment and families. In addition, for lack of proper access to Taiwan social networks, PRC immigrants are usually isolated and speechless. And the issues become more severe as PRC immigrants increases in Taiwan. From time to time, social incidents caused by PRC immigrants are mistakenly reported or even exaggerated by public media that lead to biased misunderstanding from Taiwanese pollution. And there’s virtually no chance for PRC spouses to speak up. In this paper, we will focus primarily on the following issues: what are the motivations of PRC spouses to come to Taiwan, how they adapt themselves to make up the cultural gap and the new value system, as well as how can they link up with Taiwan societies. Rather than referencing to media reports that could possibly be distorted, we chose to collect first hand experiences by face to face interviews with PRC spouses. Let’s listen to their genuine voice about their “Taiwan experiences”.