引用文獻索引資料庫在Institute for Scientific Information(ISI)建置了Science Citation Index(SCI)與Social Science Citation Index(SSCI)以後，逐漸為學術界所重視，也帶動了傳統商業公司發展引用文獻索引資料庫之風潮，其中又以Science Citation Index-Expanded(SCIE)及後起之Scopus最為人稱道。但由於傳統商業公司對學者及圖書館收費過於高昂，引起學者及圖書館的反動，興起一陣由計畫及少數商業公司所發展，開放存取引用文獻索引資料庫之風潮，其中又以Google公司製作的Google Scholar，及NEC公司隨著計畫建置的CiteSeer最受人注目。 / 本研究採取實作法為研究方法，評比四個引用文獻索引資料庫的檢索介面及檢索細項之優劣。並以美國計算機械學會(ACM)頒發的杜林獎之50位得主為樣本，對SCIE、Scopus、CiteSeer及Google Scholar四個引用文獻索引資料庫進行作者檢索，逐一過濾檢索結果後，針對正確的檢索結果進行分析，比較四個引用文獻索引資料庫內部重複性與完整性，並交叉比對四個引用文獻索引資料庫兩兩比較之重複性、獨特性及完整性，並歸納造成此研究結果之原因。 / 研究結果發現SCIE與Scopus的檢索方式較容易，不會造成使用者太大的負擔，檢索方式也較為多元詳盡，其中又以Scopus的作者檢索使用最方便；而Google Scholar及CiteSeer皆主要利用一簡潔的檢索列，較難精準的檢索出所需資料。收錄資料完整度方面，Google Scholar收錄資料最多元，SCIE則涵蓋最完整之學術資源。交叉比對結果可得知，Google Scholar之資料獨特性最高；CiteSeer之收錄資料完整度最低。此外除了SCIE以外，其他三個引文索引資料庫皆收錄大量的網路資源。此外，美國計算機械學會的出版品則在四個引文索引資料庫中，皆扮演重要角色。 / 根據研究結果，對此四個引文索引資料庫提出建議，希望傳統商業引文索引資料庫能增加索引網路資源，並調整收費政策；開放存取引文索引資料庫應改正其書目著錄格式；希望圖書館能增加對引文索引資料庫使用之推廣，並教導使用者正確利用開放存取引文索引資料庫。 / 引文索引資料庫索引之文獻，已對學術評鑑造成很大的影響。圖書館應實地使用並引導使用者正確的利用引文索引資料庫，及使用網路資源的正確觀念。如此方可協助使用者不在浩瀚之網路資源中迷失。 / After Institute for Scientific Information(ISI) made Science Citation Index(SCI) and Social Science Citation Index(SSCI), Scholars progressively took notice of citation indexing databases. Commercial Companies also had begun to expand citation indexing database like the famous products are Science Citation Index-Expanded(SCIE). However, the commercial companies charged too much for using the database. So it excited the development of open access(OA) citation indexing database, instant of Google Scholar and CiteSeer. / OA means that people can use these citation indexing database for free. This paper aims to adopt comparison as four databases’ retrieval interface, and unique and overlap of documents of the subjects of computing machinery and electrical engineering. The research subjects are composed of OA and traditional commercial citation indexing database in the follow: SCIE, Scopus, Google Scholar, and CiteSeer. Moreover, this research retrieved all documents of Turing award winners in the four citation indexing databases, in order to examine these four citation indexing databases’ unique and overlap. / As a consequence, this study provides the findings as follows : Firstly, traditional commercial citation indexing databases (SCIE and Scopus) have the easier retrieval interface and various searching forms. The Google Scholar collects more multiform resources of retrieval results, and SCIE completed collects scholarly literatures. We make a comparison to find that Google Scholar has much more unique data, but CiteSeer is completely less in four citation indexing databases. Besides SCIE, another three citation indexing databases conclude a large number of internet data. Finally, publications of The Association of Computing Machinery(ACM) play an important role in the four citation indexing databases.

金融機構不良資產的處理方式，一般可區分為，拍賣健全金融機構的不良資產和標售問題金融機構兩方面。前者通常透過法拍、金拍、銀拍或出售予AMC來處置之；後者的處理結果影響無遠弗界，依標售標的不同，又細分為Good Bank、Bad Bank、不動產、持有股份等，通常屬於第一價位秘密競標模型、採取「Good Bank/Bad Bank」分開標售模式、兼具資格標與價格標的特殊重複拍賣模式、擁有底價不一定公告等特性。因此，我們分別透過文獻整理及模型推導，歸納並推論不良資產處理機制設計之原因。結果發現，台灣金融機構不良資產處理機制之設計，一方面是為避免競標勾結的情況，希望藉此來提高拍賣者的收益；另一方面則是為保障債權人及債務人雙方的權宜之計，因為對銀行或中央存保公司而言，儘管減價重複拍賣非最佳策略，但繼續持有不良資產也是毫無價值可言的方式，故折衷採取現階段之問題金融機構標售機制，以儘速處置不良資產。

本研究運用多元資料，自不同面向揭露臺灣原住民的遷徙樣貌，並連結遷徙與原住民個人社會地位取得的關連。藉遷徙多層次社會鑲嵌的特質，以解開原住民頻繁遷徙但並未對等呈現向上社會流動的弔詭。本研究同時檢視原住民族於臺灣大社會的位置，包含其空間分布、流動趨勢及其社會經濟地位。研究主要發現如下：（1）歷經卅年的遷移，原住民族大量移徙西半部，並集中在三大都會區，不同遷徙類型在各區域形成流動體系，以北部體系及東部體系擁有較大的遷徙流量；（2）原住民族較一般民眾更易集中在中低度現代化區域，主要係往都會區周邊移動，臺北縣與桃園縣對初級與連續遷徙有極大的拉力；（3）原住民族與一般民眾的遷徙模式相近，遷徙主要是朝鄰近區域與核心縣市移動，但原住民族重複遷徙行為較為獨特，連續遷徙與回流遷徙呈相反的流動；（4）自遷徙決策模型可發現，遷徙受多重因素影響，除工作要素外，家庭居住安排、生命階段的居住區位、區域性資本、社會網絡與遷徙成本及預算皆會影響其遷徙決策；長遠而言，遷徙有助於個人取得教育資源、提升社經地位，無力遷徙者與遷徙者間貧富差距逐漸拉大；（5）與理論預期相反，初級與回流遷徙對個人地位取得具正面效益，連續遷徙則為負向作用，此與原住民族社會網絡有限鑲嵌及累積資本困難所致；（6）隨著人口移動，原居地與移入地社群重組，原居地經歷了人口老化、祖孫家庭增加、傳統部落秩序瓦解，移入地蓬勃的制度化社群組織、族群聚落、同鄉會與協進會扮演都市原住民與原鄉的橋樑，遷徙所生成的脈絡亦將影響後續移動者的社會處境。奠基以上研究發現，提出政策建議與未來研究方向。 / Mainly based on a variety of data, this research aims to study several aspects of migration of Taiwan aborigines and to explore the association and causal relationship between migration and the advance of socioeconomic status. This study is originally inspired from an observed paradox that, according to the theoretical expectation and a body of existing empirical evidences, it has long been confirmed that migration is an effective means of promoting individual social mobility and lifetime wellbeing; nevertheless, the fact that the Taiwan aborigines are associated with lower socioeconomic status does not fit the fact of Taiwan aborigines being more mobile than the ordinary people. The purposes of this dissertation are (1) to characterize migration types and pattern of Taiwan aborigines, including spatial pattern, migration and mobility tendency and likelihood, and their social economic status, (2) to distinguish determinants of aborigine migration, and (3) to examine the outcome of migration whether it helps or stumbles the advance of aborigine’s socioeconomic status and mobility. Main findings are as follows: (1) in the past three decades, voluminous aborigines migrated to the western urbanized area, with the three major metropolitan areas of Taiwan as the major destination for aborigine migrants; it also forms migratory system in each area, with northern Taiwan and eastern Taiwan gaining the most number of migrants; (2) Although metropolitan areas serve as major destination for aborigine migrants, the study finds that they tend to concentrate more on the periphery than on the core area. Both counties of Taipei and Taoyuan are very attractive for primary and onward migrants; (3) the migration pattern of ordinary people is similar to that of aborigines. People usually tend to move to neighborhood and the core city. In addition, repeat migration is much more noteworthy than its primary counterpart, and onward migration is totally opposite to return migration; (4) The model of aboriginal migration indicates that migration is affected by various factors. The most salient ones include work status, living arrangement, attributes of residential location, location-specific capital, ethnic network, and availability of migration budget. Because migration help acquire educational resources and improve one’s socioeconomic status, the gap between migrants and people who are not capable of making migration will become exaggerated; (5) in opposition to theoretical expectation, primary and return migrations exhibit positive effect on the improvement of individual socioeconomic status, whereas onward migration should have negative effect. This finding is not counter to various schools of migration theory, rather, it reflects a result of limited embedded inter- and intra-ethnic network and barriers of capital accumulation; (6) migration affects both communities of origin and destination. Aging population, increasing grandparent-grandchild family, collapsing tribal authority become prevalent in original community; on the other hand, flourishing ethnic enclaves, associations, and institutionalized organizations connect urban and hometown in destination community. The context which migration results from is changed by migration itself and further affects the situation of subsequent migrants. According to empirical findings, the dissertation further suggests corresponding policy implications and proposes future research direction.

摘要 《紅樓夢》是一部具有高度思想性和高度藝術性的文學鉅著，其前進思想和表現的寫作技巧，無可置疑的領先同時代的作家和作品。因為其具有獨特的藝術魅力，所以不但廣泛的流傳民間，也成功地站上世界文學之林。 《紅樓夢》雖然膾炙人口且流傳已逾兩百餘年，然而本書真正的作者是誰，卻一直是學者專家們爭論的話題。在大家的印象中，紅樓夢前八十回由清朝曹雪芹所寫，而後四十回則由高鶚所續編完成，但是研究紅樓夢的學者對於此一說法，仍抱著懷疑的態度，不斷的尋求證據以解答此問題的真相。 近年來，學者憑靠著殘存的證據，試圖以各種研究方法予以合理的推論，然時空變遷，只能恢復部分的歷史真相，無法給予完整的復原，而《紅樓夢》的作者究竟是誰，至今尚未有一個大家認同的答案。 本論文嘗試以品種比較、樣本重複性及品種涵蓋率等統計方法，配合電腦的檢索，藉由分析寫作風格及其用字習慣，以統計分析的角度來推論《紅樓夢》的作者。 關鍵詞：紅樓夢、品種問題、樣本重複性、卜瓦松過程。 / Abstract "The Dream of Chamber" is a greatly artistic novel in Chinese literature. Undoubtedly, the writing style and the delicate design of this book lead the other authors and novels at the same time. Because of its distinctive charm, it is wide-spreading not only in China but also in the other country. Although "The Dream of Chamber" has been spread more than two hundred years, however it also exists a mystery─"Who is the real author of this book？". Most people believe that Sher-Chin Tsao wrote the first 80 chapters, and Gao-E wrote the last 40 chapters. But many have doubt about this statement. People try to find evidence in order to solve this problem, but still have not a persuasive answer. In this report, we attempt to solve this riddle by statistical analysis, including the methods of species comparing, species overlap, and sample coverage etc., besides, we use computer to search words. We try to infer the author of "The Dream of Chamber" from the statistical point of view. Keyword: The Dream of Chamber, species comparison, sample coverage. Poisson Process.

抽取出音樂當中的近似重複樣式來做音樂檢索可以減少要比對的資料量，但是使用者若使用沒有重複的旋律來查詢便會有找不到歌曲的情況。另一方面，將音樂分段成phrase可以減少樹狀索引結構的空間，亦可減少查詢處理時間，但是使用者的查詢若是跨越phrase的，也將影響查詢結果。 在本論文中，我們比較了以近似重複樣式與phrase兩種不同的音樂特徵用來做音樂檢索的效果以及效率。根據實驗顯示，使用者的查詢是重複旋律的機會大於單一phrase，所以用近似重複樣式作為音樂查詢比對資料效果是比phrase好的。而在1-D List索引結構下，近似重複樣式的效率也優於phrase。除此之外，本論文也提出了一個新的近似重複樣式抽取方法，實驗證明我們的方法是有效的。 / Extract the approximate repeating pattern from music data will decrease the volumes of music data that need to be tested when music retrieve. If the user’s query is not a repeating melody, it can’t retrieve the music that the user wants correctly. In addition, segment the music by phrase will decrease the space that tree-like index structure need, and also decrease the retrieval processing time. If the user’s query is not a single phrase, it will influence the effectiveness of retrieval. In this thesis, we compare the effectiveness and efficiency of music retrieval methods with two different music features (approximate repeating pattern and phrase). According to experiment results, the probability that user’s query is repeating melody is more than the probability that user’s query is a single phrase. Therefore, we are of the opinion that the effectiveness that use approximate repeating pattern to process retrieval is more prominent than the effectiveness that phrase to process retrieval. Furthermore, the efficiency that use approximate repeating pattern to process retrieval is more outstanding than use phrase under 1-D List index structure. Besides, a new approximate repeating pattern extraction method is proposed. Experiment results show that our approximate repeating pattern extraction method can work correctly.

另案監聽的證據能力在最高法院有兩派見解，一是基於另案扣押之法理，認為只要是合法監聽取得之資訊均有證據能力。另外一派見解則與德國實務、學說相同，係採列舉重罪、關聯性原則之標準認定有無證據能力。另案監聽之證據能力於我國法之發展與德國法類似，德國自1972年開始討論所謂「偶然發現」可否作為證據使用，直到1992年才終於立法規範。本論文之主軸乃介紹德國法上「偶然發現」之發展及其法理基礎，期能作為我國討論另案監聽證據能力時之參考依據。

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(農学) / 甲第22853号 / 農博第2436号 / 新制||農||1082(附属図書館) / 学位論文||R2||N5313(農学部図書室) / 京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生物科学専攻 / (主査)教授 寺内 良平, 教授 横井 伯英, 教授 那須田 周平 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Agricultural Science / Kyoto University / DGAM

This thesis surveys the method of extending Cox proportional hazard models (1972) and the general class of semiparametric model (2004) in the upgrades or downgrades of credit ratings by S&P. The two kinds of models can be used to modify the relationship of covariates to a recurrent event data of upgrades or downgrades. The benchmark credit-scoring model with a quintet of financial ratios which is inspired by the Z-Score model is employed. These financial ratios include measures of short-term liquidity, leverage, sales efficiency, historical profitability and productivity. The evidences of empirical results show that the financial ratios of historical profitability, leverage, and sales efficiency are significant factors on the rating transitions of upgrades. For the downgrades data setting, the financial ratios of short-term liquidity, productivity, and leverage are significant factors in the extending Cox models, whereas only the historical profitability is significant in the general class of semiparametric model. The empirical analysis of S&P credit ratings provide evidence supporting that the transitions of credit ratings are related to some determined financial ratios under these new econometrics methods.

現在有許多對於眼動軌跡與人在認知方面的研究，包括理解狀態以及感興趣的程度；其中，閱讀文章時的眼動軌跡是最常被討論及研究的題材。而本研究的目的就是希望探討讀者在閱讀時的眼動軌跡，與其感興趣程度之間是否存在關係。 / 本研究的特色在於，我們不用一般分析眼動時關心每個AOI（area of interest）上的眼動資料，而是希望將眼動資料以序列的方式分析，並且運用資料探勘的方法，找出眼動序列中區分感興趣程度的眼動軌跡特徵的片段。 / 透過對於眼動軌跡的分析，我們希望研究的結果，在未來可以運用在資訊檢索的領域上，成為一種有效的「隱含式回饋（implicit feedback）」的方式，以改善現有資訊檢索效能。 / Much research has been performed on the relationship between eye movements and human cognition, including comprehension and interesting degree. The purpose of our research is to find out if there are relationships between eye movements of reading and interesting degree. / Instead of analyzing the eye movements on each area of interest, the characteristic of our research is to transform eye movements to sequence data, and to determine the eye movement patterns which discriminate whether user is interesting or not by using the method of data mining. / Through the analysis of the eye movements, our research result can be used as one way of implicit feedback of information retrieval to improve the effectiveness of the search engine.

本文以紀德根據盾徽所提出之內在重複結構，探討美國劇作家山姆謝普的「家庭劇三部曲」。〈烈火家園〉結尾的預言故事說明了家庭成員互相毀滅的行為模式，〈埋葬的孩子〉劇中所揭發的弒子秘密與舞台上的演出相對應，〈西部實錄〉劇中的西部電影大綱正是男主角兄弟鬩牆之爭的寫照。 / Chapter I relates the American playwright Sam Shepard’s life and career. Chapter II introduces the evolution of the idea of "mise en abyme." Chapter III interprets the concluding fable in "Curse of the Starving Class" as the mise en abyme of the play. Chapter IV interprets the secret of the child murder as the duplication of the action of "Buried Child" on stage. Chapter V interprets the Western scenario in "True West" as a reflection of the two brothers’ sibling rivalry in the play.