Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T14:57:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Yara Rodrigues de Andrade.pdf: 763129 bytes, checksum: dcc976abda95e96a81c0f1ca981b8ece (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-05-26 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Since the French Revolution, nation became a strong theoretical reference to the organization of the human communities in Europe and, arriving at the 20th century, this idea was disseminated to other continents. In many countries, the debates about nation as reality or project were performed in racialist terms. This happened in Brazil, in a very peculiar way, because marked by the long existence of the slavery. Guided by theories of inferior races, many Brazilian thinkers have doubted that a country of mestizos and mulattos would be feasible. This research, exploring the set of the age, aims to emphasize and compare the studies of two authors on national things and themes. We intend to verify the influence of the European doctrine in their reflections and understand the conception that each author has of nation in general and about the possibility of a nation be constituted in this country situated on the tropics. This work has three chapters. In the first, there is a brief account of some of the principal outlooks about nation and, next, we insert the conceptions of Manoel Bomfim e Paulo Prado. In the second chapter, is examined the influence of the notion of race in the Brazil s process of constitution and how it was interpreted by both authors. In the last chapter, we search to examine the prominence given to the Paulistas by the two authors inhabitants of the Brazilian state of São Paulo , personified by the Bandeirantes, which would act to consolidate the new nation redesigning the map of Brazil and including the native in the rising society / Since the French Revolution, nation became a strong theoretical reference to the organization of the human communities in Europe and, arriving at the 20th century, this idea was disseminated to other continents. In many countries, the debates about nation as reality or project were performed in racialist terms. This happened in Brazil, in a very peculiar way, because marked by the long existence of the slavery. Guided by theories of inferior races, many Brazilian thinkers have doubted that a country of mestizos and mulattos would be feasible. This research, exploring the set of the age, aims to emphasize and compare the studies of two authors on national things and themes. We intend to verify the influence of the European doctrine in their reflections and understand the conception that each author has of nation in general and about the possibility of a nation be constituted in this country situated on the tropics. This work has three chapters. In the first, there is a brief account of some of the principal outlooks about nation and, next, we insert the conceptions of Manoel Bomfim e Paulo Prado. In the second chapter, is examined the influence of the notion of race in the Brazil s process of constitution and how it was interpreted by both authors. In the last chapter, we search to examine the prominence given to the Paulistas by the two authors inhabitants of the Brazilian state of São Paulo , personified by the Bandeirantes, which would act to consolidate the new nation redesigning the map of Brazil and including the native in the rising society

This dissertation studies conservative modernism through the work of three Brazilian authors: Olavo Bilac, Graça Aranha and Monteiro Lobato. The three of them lived and were active between the 1890s and 1930s and were influential and controversial public figures during that period. Commonly criticized by the avant-garde modernists, their names remain associated with conservative and traditional views of modernity. I analyze how these three authors dialogued with the literary and journalistic circles and what kind of impact their works had when confronted with the avant-garde generation. I argue that some of their main ideas – misconceived in their attempt to answer the dilemmas of Brazilian society at the time – represented, nevertheless, an opportunity to think about the dialogue between high culture and popular culture, key elements of national identity used in the political discourse, and the role of the writer. These three central issues were tackled in the development and accommodation of modernity in the social and political discourse at that time.

La manera com s'han tractat jurídicament els principis d'igualtat i llibertat educativa en el segle XIX ens mostra aquells espais on Església i Estat, conservadors i revolucionaris, s'enfrontaren pel control de la joventut i de l'educació com aquell element del que se'n fa dependre el progrés de la societat. En aquest context, i a l'empara de la política educativa liberal del sexenni revolucionari, sorgeix i viu durant els quatre cursos que van de 1870 a 1874 una universitat, la qual, alhora que reclamava ser l'hereva dels estudis universitaris gironins clausurats per Felip V, pretenia fer-se un lloc en el complex mapa universitari i ideològic català i espanyol. Amb aquesta recerca veurem si efectivament es va poder instituir una universitat lluny dels cànons de l'ortodòxia científica i acadèmica marcats per l'Església i l'Estat en l'època isabelina, si van cobrir-se les necessitats educatives reals de la Girona del darrer terç del segle XIX i mantenir-se les prescripcions i exigències de l'ensenyament superior. / Throughout the nineteenth century, the way in which the principles of equality and freedom of education were regulated by Spanish law shows us those areas where church and state, conservatives and revolutionaries, faced off for the control of youth; it also shows us how education was crucial to the future of society for the men who lived in these ages. In this context, and under the revolutionary educational policy of liberal sexennium, a university was born and lived for four years from 1870 to 1874, the Universitat Lliure de Girona (The Girona Open University). This University claimed to be the heir to the ancient university closed down by the king Felipe V, and it tried to find its place in the complex ideological Catalan and Spanish map in the sexennium. Along this research we'll see whether or not it was possible to establish a university far from the canons of scientific and academic orthodoxy settled in the precedent Elizabethan ages. After this reading we should be able to determine whether or not Universitat Lliure de Girona could meet the educational needs in Girona of the last third of the nineteenth century, while maintaining the requirements and demands of higher education.

This thesis examines the question of the extent to which the concept of a National Style dominated architectural production in Finland between 1890 and 1916. The thesis maintains that National Style ideas should be understood as one of a number of impulses emerging in Finnish architecture in the 1890s. This point is explored through analysis of the writings of the architect, journalist and Finnish nationalist Vilho Penttilä. His writings reveal that alongside the National Style he was also concerned with the general question of architectural reform in Finland. This thinking included new ideas on the role that materials, construction and new technology should play in shaping architectural design. Alongside this ran interest in the development of a new language of architectural ornament capable of expressing the character of the building and the society who used it. International architecture was frequently referred to as a model in relation to the National Style and architectural reform in general. Comparison is made to other writings within the Finnish architectural press. The thesis is tested through the examination of a case study: the buildings of Penttilä for the National Joint-Stock Bank [KOP] and the architecture of financial buildings in general, with further comparison made, where relevant, to the broader architectural field. This allows for the comparison of the work of a large number of architects and prestigious projects throughout the country. The study reveals that, just as was indicated through the analysis of architectural journalism, National Style ideas were explored alongside other concerns related to architectural reform. National Style features began to disappear in the mid-1900s, subsumed within the drive to find new architectural forms to reflect the modern age and Finland's hopes for the future. This was found to be the case even in relation to Penttilä's work for KOP, where both the architect and the institution were committed to the Finnish nationalist movement.

This is an in-depth analysis of competing cultural ideas at a pivotal time in Japanese history through study of masculinity and identity. Through diaries, newspaper articles, and illustrations found in popular periodicals of the Meiji period, it is evident that there were two major groups who espoused very different sets of ideals competing for the favor of the masses and the control of Japanese progress in the modern world. Manner of dress, comportment, hygiene, and various other parts of outward appearance signified the mentality and ideology of the person in question. One group espoused traditional Japanese ideas of masculinity and dress while another advocated embracing Western dress and culture. This, in turn, explained their opinions on the direction they believed Japan should take. Throughout the Meiji period (1868-1912), the two ideas grew and competed for supremacy until the late Meiji period when they merged to form a traditional-minded modernity. / Department of History

Readings of contemporary accounts of the Japanese invasion of Choson Korea and Ming China's intervention, by Japanese, Korean, and Chinese writers; analysis of the writers' disparate world-views and how they each envision their country and its neighbours. This thesis uses contemporary writings from across the region to study the significance of the East Asian War of 1592-1598 for Chinese, Korean, and Japanese senses of identity, and argues that the war was a crucial moment in the development of those identities. Despite the 1592-1598 conflict affecting millions of people, and resulting in almost unprecedented cross-border flows of people and information, most previous considerations of its effect on identity have focused on court documents. In the first dedicated study of identities in the East Asian War, this thesis shifts from the hitherto emphasis on politicians and commanders to prioritize individuals at the frontiers of cross-border contact. This shift of focus from centre to periphery contributes to our understanding of two areas of history. In terms of the East Asian War as a historical event, it provides a far more nuanced picture of what this momentous conflict signified for people at the time. In terms of the history of Chinese, Korean, and Japanese identities, it demonstrates persuasively that the sense of belonging to a country held real meaning for people across society, influencing the actions even of those totally removed from the state. Tracing the legacy of frontier writings again contributes to both the history of the war and of identity, by revealing how peripheral insights and central biases combined to give birth to the orthodox narratives of the war, some of which remain influential to this day. Personal writings show how first-hand encounters in the war modified but also re-inforced already well-established identities, making national identities of immediate significance for an immeasurably wider group than in peace time. The late sixteenth-century growth in printing and literacy subsequently greatly amplified the impact of the East Asian War by allowing real-life interaction to be endlessly re-told as a dramatic clash between China, Korea, and Japan. This study restores the war to its proper place as a key moment in the longer development of national identities in East Asia. It also calls for a primary-source based, East-Asia centred reconsideration of theories on the historical development of collective identity, which remain overly influenced by later European experience.

I first read the diaries of Thomas Shone in 1971, when working on manuscripts in the Cory Library, Rhodes University, for the Dictionary of South African English on Historical Principles. The diaries were a significant source of South African English; but more than that, they created a moving and vivid picture of one man's life and personality, which made a deep impression. Written daily (unlike many other settler writings, which are reminiscences), the diaries proved to be a journey into the interior life of Thomas Shone, with all his guilt, pain and occasional joys, documented in his idiosyncratic style. Photographs show Thomas to have been a man with a determined, even hard, mouth, and piercing eyes under rather lowering brows. If he was like his son, Thomas junior, he was "erect and bright", and of the "typical Shone build, rather stumpy and fairly broad." His command of language suggests a good education and a sharp intellect, strangely at variance with his description as a labourer. His writing is imbued with the archaic ring of the King James Bible, and much of the charm of the diaries lies in their movement between the sublime and the mundane, as when Shone breaks a discussion of his need to be faithful to God, to note that "Sarah sat a hen on 22 eggs." Shone's diary is an intensely personal document, yet there are signs that he was at times conscious of a possible audience. His use of the phrase "My friends" to address his readers " is likely to have been part of a convention of the time, rather than overt acknowledgement of the presence of an audience; however at the most personal level of all, his relationship with his mistress, he was not explicit, but employed a form of code (.∶.) Furthermore, there is evidence that he kept a rough diary, from which he later made a neat copy. Thomas began his diary in order to record his attempt to stay away from drink, but his writing soon came to mean more to him than this. He gradually introduced notes on his daily activities, and his temptation to drink became just one part of a personal history. From 5 August 1838, when he first wrote of the loss of his wife, the diary became an important outlet for his misery. Despite his unhappiness, Thomas took delight in the use of sarcasm and wry humour to comment on the foibles of humanity. "Me and Billy went to Mandy's; I cut my thumb and three trees", he wrote; and "Indian corn bread makes my belly ache... (My relations have the mind ache; I believe it is worse than the belly ache.)" "Religion is flying away to other parts as fast as it can; the religion here is money, and Cattle and a covetious Spirit for other men's goods ", he grumbled of the Clumber community. The most effective (and prolonged) use of his gift for sharp conment may be found in his description of the watchnight service at Clumber. Shone seems to have possessed a natural flair for language, and used metaphor and simile to good effect, as in the following examples: "Now am I like a dove that as lost his mate"; Every thing seems quiet; I have still a war in my mind"; "Riches very often finds wing and flys away"; and "My mind is like the troubled sea, never at rest". He often showed an affinity for rhythm and alliteration, probably as a result of his familiarity with Biblical English: "These are my days of grief and sorrow"; "poor poverty"; and "Hard is my fate... all things seem to go contrary, strive which way I will." These examples of language provide a strong contrast with his reporting of everyday activities: Shone changes from one linguistic register into another in his movement from introspective to factual writing. At times Shone achieves an extraordinary vividness in his description of small incidents, as in his stories of encounters with monkeys, or his report of an altercation with his son Jack. One of the loveliest passages is his account of a day spent on his old location at Scott's Bottan. Thomas was "political" only insofar as politics touched his own life. For the political historian the diaries are frustrating; except for his descriptions of the War of Mlanjeni, Shone shows little interest in the wider issues of his time. However, the diaries show the complex web of relationships in a small community, and give insights into commercial interaction, domestic activities, marriage ties, religious attitudes, family behaviour and interpersonal conflicts, all set within the political tensions of the frontier society. As the diaries progressed, and Thomas Shone aged, he weed from being an active participant in the life of the frontier, to being an onlooker and commentator. Possessed of a mind (and tongue) which isolated him from many of his neighbours, he was no doubt also separated from his community by his relationship with Ann Hiscock and by his heavy drinking. The diaries became his vehicle for expressing the inexpressible; and in the end it was religion which gave him solace. It is the "interior" diary which provides much of the fascination which Shone's writings hold for the modern reader. Professor Guy Butler has pointed out that writing was a secondary activity for the settlers, whose chief preoccupation was survival in a difficult environment. Shone's diaries certainly reflect his economic struggle; but it is their portrayal of his pilgrimage through life which makes them remarkable.

No description available.

This thesis examines the literary dream in selected works by Kafka, Kubin, Meyrink, Musil and Schnitzler, with a particular focus on the redefinition of subjectivity through dreamlife. The introductory chapter contextualises these case studies in the broader field of oneirocriticism, emphasising the dream's ancient role as fixtional template and its specific significance in the destabilised environment of German Central Europe during the early twentieth century. Alfred Kubin's Die andere Seite (1909), which uses the 'other side' as metaphor for both oneiric and artistic experience, reveals the inherent dualism of the literary dream and its close relationship with creativity. In Robert Musil's Die Verwirrungen des Zdglings Tdrlefi (1906), the protagonist serves as the model for a new type of self-determining subject who draws on the knowledge of dreams and irrationality. Franz Kafka's texts reveal techniques for integrating the dream into fictional worlds that are already dreamlike through the prevalence of (literalised) metaphor and free association. Gustav Meyrink, in Der Golem (1915), shares Kafka's interest in concretised metaphor, but also explores the dream's associations with occult practices, used as a defence against the threatening claims of science. Finally, Arthur Schnitzler's literary dreams offer a direct confrontation with psychoanalysis and a dismantling of nineteenth-century ideals of gender and bourgeois love. Overall, it is argued that the literary dreams by these authors hold varied responses to fragmentation of the Ich in the face of psychological 'vivisection', theories of relativity, and the collapse of old social orders. The dream, as a nightly 'psychosis', crystallised the pervasive fears of self-loss during this period; however, in its perennial role as micro-narrative, it also provided a site for re-construction of the subject. The incorporation of dreams in fictional lives served as a metonymical guide for the integration of un- and subconscious experience overall.

Dissertação (Mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Ciência da Informação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Informação, 2014. / Submitted by Albânia Cézar de Melo (albania@bce.unb.br) on 2014-07-09T15:59:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_CarlosHenriqueJuvencioSilva.pdf: 8533227 bytes, checksum: 3e2002835f686a3a7f0dab90be122014 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Guimaraes Jacqueline(jacqueline.guimaraes@bce.unb.br) on 2014-07-11T12:12:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_CarlosHenriqueJuvencioSilva.pdf: 8533227 bytes, checksum: 3e2002835f686a3a7f0dab90be122014 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-11T12:12:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_CarlosHenriqueJuvencioSilva.pdf: 8533227 bytes, checksum: 3e2002835f686a3a7f0dab90be122014 (MD5) / A pesquisa investiga a criação, em 1911, do Serviço de Bibliographia e Documentação da Biblioteca Nacional e qual a influência do Instituto Internacional de Bibliografia (IIB), fundado em 1895 por Paul Otlet e Henri La Fontaine, nessa iniciativa, tema ainda pouco explorado pelos pesquisadores da Ciência da Informação. Sob este prisma a pesquisa analisa as repercussões do projeto Mundaneum nas ações de difusão de informações científicas da Biblioteca Nacional (BN) do Brasil. Busca também demonstrar que a criação do Serviço de Bibliografia e Documentação da Biblioteca pode ser considerada parte do projeto de cooperação internacional criado por Otlet e La Fontaine. Os procedimentos metodológicos consistiram em pesquisas bibliográfica e histórico-documental nos arquivos históricos da Biblioteca Nacional brasileira e nos arquivos do Mundaneum com sede na Bélgica, além dos arquivos do Instituto Histórico e Geográfico Brasileiro e do Itamaraty. Dentre os resultados da pesquisa estão o mapeamento do intercâmbio no campo da informação entre o IIB e a BN visando à criação do Serviço de Bibliografia e Documentação. A principal conclusão da dissertação é de que os contatos entre a Biblioteca e o Instituto tiveram, de fato, um papel determinante na construção de uma rede de cooperação científica no país. E esse papel foi desempenhado pelo Serviço de Bibliografia e Documentação da BN como peça fundamental, tendo à frente seu diretor Manoel Cícero Peregrino da Silva. ______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT / The research investigates the creation, in 1911, of the Bibliography and Documentation Service in the National Library from Brazil and what would have been the influence of the International Institute of Bibliography (IIB), founded in 1895 by Paul Otlet and Henri La Fontaine, in this initiative, topic not yet explored by researchers of Information Science. From that perspective, the objective of the research is to analyze the impact of the project Mundaneum in the dissemination of scientific information in National Library from Brazil. It also seeks to demonstrate that the creation of the Bibliography and Documentation Service can be considered part of the international cooperation project by Otlet and La Fontaine. The methodological procedures consisted of bibliographic and historical-documentary research in historical archives of the brazilian National Library and in the archives of Mundaneum based in Belgium, in addition to the archives of the Brazilian Historic and Geographic Institute and the Foreign Ministry. Among the search results are mapping the exchange in the field of information between the International Institute of Bibliography and the National Library aiming to create the Bibliography and Documentation Service. The main conclusion of this work is that the contacts between the Library and the Institute had, in fact, a key role in building a network of scientific cooperation in the country. In addition, the Bibliography and Documentation Service performed this role as keystone headed by its director Manoel Cícero Peregrino da Silva. ______________________________________________________________________________ RÉSUMÉ / La recherche porte sur la création, en 1911, du Service de Bibliographie et Documentation de la Bibliothèque nationale et l’influence de l’Institut International de Bibliographie (IIB), fondée en 1895 par Paul Otlet et Henri La Fontaine, dans cette initiative. Encore peu exploré par les chercheurs, les rapports entre la Bibliothèque et de l’Institut semblent avoir été décisif dans la construction d'un réseau de coopération scientifique au Brésil. De ce point de vue l’objectif de la recherche est d'analyser l’impact du projet Mundaneum dans la diffusion de l’information scientifique à partir de la Bibliothèque Nationale, aussi bien de comprendre la création du Service de Bibliographie et Documentation de la Bibliothèque dans le cadre du projet de coopération internationale conçu par Otlet et La Fontaine. Les démarches méthodologiques compreennent une recherche bibliographique et documentaire aux archives historiques de la Bibliothèque Nationale du Brésil et aux Centre d’archives du Mundaneum en Belgique, en plus des archives de l’Institut historique et géographique brésilien et celles du Ministère des Affaires étrangères. Parmi les résultats de la recherche on a établi une cartographie des échanges dans le domaine de l’information entre l’Institut International de bibliographie et la Bibliothèque Nationale. La principale conclusion de la recherche est que les rapport entre la Bibliothèque et l’Institut ont eu, en effet, un rôle clé dans la construction d’un réseau de coopération scientifique au Brésil et ce rôle a été joué par le Service de Bibliographie et Documentation ayant à sa tête son directeur Manoel Cícero Peregrino da Silva.